Thaum xaiv qos yaj ywm ntau yam rau koj lub cev, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas kom zoo tshaj plaws, kev tawm tsam, kev tiv thaiv rau cov kab mob, nrog rau qhov zoo ntawm cov paj ntoo no.
Keeb kwm ntawm yug me nyuam ntau yam ntawm qos yaj ywm "Gala"
Qos yaj ywm "Gala" yog ib tug me me, nws yog bred nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua XXI. Qhov kev loj hlob ntawm German breeders yog nrov tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv tsev, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lwm lub teb chaws. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv Russia no qos yaj ywm yog sau npe hauv lub Xeev Sau npe hauv xyoo 2008, thiab feem ntau siv rau hauv nruab nrab thiab qaum teb sab qaum teb.
Koj puas paub? Qos yaj ywm ntawm ntau yam "Gala" muaj ib tug me me ntawm starch - tsuas 11-13%.
Nqe lus piav txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm qos "Gala"
Raws li qhov kev piav qhia ntawm ripening lub sij hawm ntawm "Gala" qos ntau yam, nws yog ib qho ntxov thaum ntxov ripening ntau yam. Tag nrho cov ripening ntawm tubers tshwm sim twb 65-70 hnub tom qab cog.
Cov qoob loo ntawm qos yaj ywm "Gala" - txog 25 txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm ib tug Bush.
Lub Bush nce mus txog ib theem siab, qhov nruab nrab kis tau, xim ntawm cov stems thiab nplooj yog cov xim ntsuab. Cov nplooj yog loj, me ntsis wavy, paj - dawb, medium loj. 
Tus duab ntawm tubers yog puag ncig los yog oval, lub tev yog yellowish. Qhov nruab nrab loj yog 7-8 cm nyob rau hauv ntev thiab txog 5 cm nyob rau hauv dav. Qhov ceeb thawj ntawm ib tuber yog 100-120 g. Cov nqaij ntawm qos yog daj los yog daj daj, nws muaj ib tug qauv fibrous ntom.
Kev kho cua sov tsis ua rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov qauv no: yog li ntawd, thaum ua noj ua haus, qos yaj ywm tsis khov soft or darken. Saj zoo ntawm qos "Gala" yog nyob rau theem siab.
Xaiv thiab npaj ntawm lub site rau qos yaj ywm
Cov av cog cov qos yaj ywm ntawm "Gala" ntau yam yog qhov zoo rau xaiv ntawm thaj chaw tiaj tus nrog lub teeb pom kev zoo thiab av hauv qhov tob ntawm txog 150 cm.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Shaded cheeb tsam yuav tsis pub kom loj hlob loj qos tubers.Nws yog siv tau los siv cov av ntawm av nplaum los yog av xuab zeb rau cog Gala qos yaj ywm, tab sis qhov no yuav tsum tau ua ntej npaj. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws tawm los nrog zoo zoo tubers yuav ncav thaum xaiv dub av, peat, Sandy thiab loamy xau.
Lub acidity ntawm cov av yuav tsum nyob rau hauv ib theem qis thiaj li hais tias lub qos yog ntau resistant mus rau cov kab mob. Cov cim qhia ntawm xws li ib cov av yog kev loj hlob ntawm chamomile, clover, coltsfoot los yog dandelion on nws. 
Nyob rau hauv lub Autumn tom qab harvesting nws yog tsim nyog los npaj cov av rau caij nplooj ntoos hlav cog qos yaj ywm. Lub site yuav tsum tau plowed mus rau ib tug tob ntawm 10-30 cm, qhia nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm 1 square meter ntawm 5-7 kg ntawm compost los yog humus, txog 40 g ntawm superphosphate, 15 g ntawm poov tshuaj sulfate.
Koj puas paub? Cov nyob tus yeees ntawm qos yaj ywm ntawm no ntau yam xws li vitamin C, protein, carotene, poov tshuaj - qhov no ua rau nws tau xav txog nws tseem ceeb thiab kev noj haus.Yog hais tias cov av muaj ib theem siab ntawm acidity, ces txhua txhua 5 xyoo, txog 0.5 kg ntawm chalk yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau 1 square meter.
Twb tau nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, lub tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum rov mus khawb ntawm tib theem li lub caij nplooj zeeg. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua tom qab cov av dries tawm, thiaj li hais tias nws cov qauv yog ntau uniform. 
Nrog rau txoj kev no txog 20 g ntawm ammonium nitrate yog nkag tau rau 1 square meter. Nyob rau hauv ib clayey los yog av av koj yuav tsum tau ua ib lub thoob ntawm humus los yog peat kuj rau 1 square meter.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Qhov kev xaiv ntawm lub sij hawm rau cog yog txiav txim los ntawm qhov kub ntawm cov av - nws yuav tsum txog 10 °CCov ntsiab lus ntawm cog qos yaj ywm "Gala" - kawg ntawm lub Plaub Hlis thiab pib ntawm lub Tsib Hlis.
Kev npaj ntawm cog cov khoom
Ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev loj hlob ib tug zoo sau ntawm Gala qos yaj ywm yog npaj lub tubers rau cog. Nws yog tsim nyog los xaiv me me-qhov loj me me tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj thiab lwj, weighing txog 100 g. Nws yog zoo dua mus siv lub keeb kwm, uas loj hlob nyob rau hauv Bush nrog siab tshaj tawm los.
Koj puas paub? Sprouting qos yaj ywm hauv av tso cai rau koj kom tau tshaj plaws thaum ntxov.Tubers yuav muab faib mus rau hauv ob peb daim yog tias tsim nyog vim ib qho tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom rau cog los yog loj loj ntawm cov tubers. Tib lub sij hawm koj yuav tsum tau ua raws li qee cov cai:
- Qhov cuab yeej uas siv los txiav cov tubers yuav tsum tau ua tiav nrog 5% tooj liab sulfate daws los tiv thaiv tus kab mob.
- Txiav yuav tsum tshwm sim tsuas yog raws tuber.
- Nyob rau txhua feem ntawm qhov npaj cov khoom cog yuav tsum muaj 2-3 tug neeg ua haujlwm.
Feem ntau cov feem ntau, rau kev npaj ntawm qos yaj ywm rau cog, txoj kev xws li ntub thiab qhuav germination yog siv.Tus essence ntawm thawj txoj kev yog raws li nram no: lub keeb kwm yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv thawv thiab them nrog moistened peat los yog humus. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no, lub tubers yuav tsum txog ib lub hlis, qhov ntsuas kub nyob rau hauv chav tsev yog xav tau ntawm 15 ° C.
Nyeem cov npe ntawm cov tshuaj uas yuav pab tau koj rau kev saib xyuas ntawm lub vaj, xws li "In-vir", biohumus, "Fundazol", Hetero-auxin, "Bud", boric acid, "Prestige", "Taboo", "Lapis" "Hom".Qhuav germination muaj nyob rau hauv tso lub keeb kwm nyob rau hauv hnab yas, nyob rau hauv uas koj yuav tsum tau ua ob peb qhov. Qhov ntsuas kub nyob rau hauv chav yuav tsum nyob rau theem ntawm 20 ° S, lub sij hawm ntawm kev khaws cia yuav tsum yog txog 30-40 hnub, kom txog rau thaum lub qos yaj ywm tau txais ib tug ntsuab tsos nqaij daim tawv.
Koj tuaj yeem xaiv lwm txoj hauv kev los npaj cov qos yaj ywm, nws yog hu ua - tawv. Cov kab hauv qab yog tias tubers yuav tsum tau decomposed nyob rau hauv ib txheej hauv ib chav nyob twg qhov kub yog li 16-18 ° C. 
Kev cog yuav tsum tau nqa tawm tom qab lub sprouts tshwm, thiab qhov no yuav tshwm sim hauv 10-20 hnub.
Cov theem yuav tsum tau npaj cov qos yaj ywm tub rau cog yog lawv cov kev kho mob tshwj xeeb npaj rau kev tiv thaiv fungal mob. Ua li no, siv cov cuab yeej xws li immersion rau ib nrab ib teev nyob rau hauv kev daws ntawm "Taboo" los yog "Maxim". Npaj cov tshuaj raws li cov lus qhia.
Qos yaj ywm cog qauv: qhov tob thiab deb nruab nrab ntawm qhov
Cov qe cog qoob loo cog rau hauv cov pob zeb, cov lej uas yuav tsum tau 10 cm, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv yog 50 cm tib lub sijhawm, ntawm 80-90 cm yuav tsum tau nyob sab nruab nrab ntawm cov kab. Koj tseem tuaj yeem siv lub hnab ntim av los yog ntoo tshauv raws li ib qho ntxiv fertilizer, muab tso rau hauv txhua qhov dej. Muab tuber xav tau sprouts li, thiab yog hais tias nws yog txiav, ces tso nws tas txiav down. Tom qab ntawd, lub qhov yog them nrog lub ntiaj teb, watered nrog lub xam ntawm 1 liter dej rau ib 1 Bush, thiab ces rake hauv av.
Kev saib xyuas thiab cultivation ntawm qos yaj ywm "Gala"
Tom qab cog "Gala" qos yaj ywm, lawv yuav tsum tau tu ib txhia thiaj li cog cov nroj tsuag kom zoo thiab tsim muaj cov qoob loo zoo.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Qos yaj ywm ntau yam "Gala" yog resistant rau drought, thiaj li watering yog contraindicated rau nws.
Lub nplua mais ntawm dej
Kev haus dej yog nqa tawm tsawg kawg peb zaug ib lub caij, yog tias nag lossis daus yog ib qho. Yog tias koj cov huab cua tsis muaj qhov xwm txheej no, cov dej yuav nce ntxiv. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm mus rau moisten qos yaj ywm yog thaum sawv ntxov los yog yav tsaus ntuj.
Thaum lub sij hawm flowering qos yaj ywm tshwj xeeb xav tau zoo watering, thiab lub txaj yuav tsum tsis txhob qhuav rau lub sij hawm no.
Thawj cov dej yuav tsum tau nqa tawm thaum lub seedlings ntawm qos yaj ywm loj hlob mus rau 4-5 cm. Dej yuav tsum tau poured rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm Bush, tau - tsawg kawg 3 liv ib Bush. 
Ib tug neeg laus nroj tsuag consumes ntau dej - txog 8-10 liters lub sij hawm thaum lub sij hawm flowering tshwm sim, thiab tom qab nws txog 7 liv.
Yog tias lub caij ntuj sov kub, ces qhov dej ntau tuaj mus rau 1 lub sij hawm hauv 4-5 hnub, huab cua txias txhais tau hais tias ib qho dej hauv 10 hnub txaus.
Moistening cheeb tsam nrog qos yaj ywm nres 10 hnub ua ntej sau pib.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yog hais tias cov av tau qhuav mus rau ib tug tob ntawm txog 7 cm, cov nroj tsuag xav tau kev watering.
Weeding thiab loosening cov av
Hauv paus system ntawm qos yaj ywm xav tau kev nkag tau ntawm huab cua, yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau no nroj tsuag kom loosen cov av.
Thawj thawj zaug no tus txheej txheem yog nqa tawm 5 hnub tom qab tsaws. Yuav kom loosen cov av ib ncig ntawm lub bushes yog tsim nyog txhua txhua lub sij hawm thaum lub sij hawm tsim ntawm ib lub ntiaj teb crust. Weeding qos yaj ywm tseem ceeb heev kom tshem tau cov nroj tsuag uas tabkaum ntawm kev cog kev loj hlob. 
Cov nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv "Gala" ntau yam kaw rau hauv ib cov ntaub pua plag es sai, thiab mus txog rau qhov no nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los tshem tawm cov nroj tsuag raws li lawv tshwm.
Hilling bushes
Yuav kom tiv thaiv ib tug loj hlob qos yaj ywm los ntawm kub hloov, kub hilling yog ua. Lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws rau txoj haujlwm no yog suav tias thaum sawv ntxov ntxov. Yog hais tias nws tau rained ua ntej los yog nws tau irrigating qos yaj ywm, ces nws yog heev pab rau cov nroj tsuag.
Ua ntej sprouted qos seedlings tsim ib tug Ntaub pua plag, hilling yog tsim nyog yuav tau ua ob zaug - thaum lub stems ncav cuag 10-12 cm (lawv muaj peev xwm yuav ua kom them nrog lub ntiaj teb), thiab tom qab hais tias tom qab 2-3 lub lis piam. Cov nroj tsuag yuav ncav cuag ib qhov siab ntawm 40 cm Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm tsim ridges txog 30 cm nyob rau hauv qhov siab. 
Fertilization
Qos yaj ywm ntau yam "Gala" xav tau ob los yog peb khoom rau tag nrho lub caij. Tus cog teb favorably rau cov mineral thiab organic chiv.
Fertilizer muaj nitrogen (piv txwv li, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate) yog siv rau thawj hilling ntawm tus nqi ntawm 15-20 g ib square meter. Koj tuaj yeem dilute hauv 10 liters dej. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm txog ib liter yog siv rau ib Bush.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Thaum fertilizing, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tias kua dressings tsis poob rau nplooj. Yog tias qhov no tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum ntxuav cov nroj tsuag nrog dej.Qhov thib ob hilling yuav tsum tau tag nrho nrog qhov qhia txog ntawm complex fertilizer rau qos yaj ywm los yog ib tug daws ntawm superphosphate, poov tshuaj sulfate (20 g ib 5 liv dej). Koj kuj tseem siv tau Txoj kev lis ntshav ntawm ntoo tshauv ib 10 liv dej - 0.5 kg. Phosphorus-poov tshuaj complex to top hnav khaub ncaws yog qhia los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm tsim ntawm tubers (2 lub hlis tom qab cog).
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm pluag kev loj hlob, nws yog pom zoo kom dej lub qos yaj ywm nrog ib tug daws (1:10) los ntawm Txoj kev lis ntshav ntawm tshiab manure (npaj tau 3-4 hnub).
Qos yaj ywm tsis kam ntawm Gala rau cov kab mob thiab cov kab tsuag
Qhov no qos ntau yam yog heev resistant mus rau cov kab mob xws li qos cancer kab mob, nematodes. Txawm li ntawd los, tus nroj tsuag yog lam tau lam ua rau rhizoctoniosis. Tus kab mob no yog fungal nyob rau hauv qhov, cuam tshuam qis ib feem ntawm lub qia thiab hauv paus system ntawm qos yaj ywm.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws txoj kev los tiv thaiv tus kab mob yog kev tiv thaiv, nyob rau hauv kev - kev kho mob ntawm stems nrog tshwj xeeb npaj. Nws yog ua tau rau ua lub tubers nrog boric acid ua ntej cog. 
Tsis tas li ntawd, "Gala" ntau yam muaj ib nplooj hlav curling kab mob uas kis nplooj thiab tubers. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no Bush yuav noj, tab sis rau harvesting qos yaj ywm nws yog zoo dua tsis siv nws.
Kawm ntxiv txog kev cog qoob loo txiv lws suav, qej, kua txob kua txob, lagenaria, qab zib beets, dill, horseradish.
Harvesting thiab cia ntawm qoob loo
Cov qos yaj ywm sau "Gala" ripens txog 70 hnub, yog li nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam qab teb muaj ib lub sij hawm los sib sau ob los sis txawm peb cov qoob loo, tau los ntawm ib Bush mus rau 25 tubers.
Kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov qoob loo cov qoob loo tuaj yeem kho, vim qhov no koj xav tau 10 hnub ua ntej koj npaj yuav sau, kom tshem tawm cov saum ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, lub tsos thiab saj ntawm Gala qos yaj ywm yuav kav kom txog thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Lub tev ntawm no ntau yam yog ruaj, uas yuav pab tau kev thauj mus los zoo. 
Ua ntej cia, nws yog pom zoo kom kho qos tubers nrog daws cov "Maxim" lossis "Baktofit" raws li cov lus qhia. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov kab mob thiab lawv kis tau.
Cia yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws nqa tawm ntawm ib qho av noo ntawm 90% thiab ib tug kub ntawm 0 mus rau 7 ° C.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Qhov kub siab tshaj plaws yog los ntawm 0 mus rau 2 °C, yog hais tias nws ntog hauv qab, ces tus qos yog zoo dua los npog.
Muab cov qos yaj ywm hauv lub qab daus los yog hauv qab daus hauv cov thawv nrog qhov chaw zoo los yog cov hnab. Koj tseem tuaj yeem khaws tubers hauv ib qho.
Paub txog cov "Gala" ntawm qos yaj ywm thiab seb yuav ua li cas zoo rau nws, koj yuav muaj peev xwm cog qoob loo zoo. Qhov no nroj tsuag yog resistant mus rau cov kab mob thiab tsis yuav tsum tau ntau lub sij hawm thaum lub sij hawm nws cultivation, uas yog qhov yog vim li cas cog no ntau yam.
