Peb txais tos lovers ntawm lub vaj! Tsab xov xwm no yuav tsom mus rau currant pests. Peb yuav qhia rau koj txog dab tsi txhua kab yog, ntau npaum li cas nws yuav ua tau rau koj currant Bush thiab yuav ua li cas sib ntaus nws.
Koj puas paub? Blackcurrant juice yog siv los npaj zaub mov noj.
Aphids rau currants
Muaj coob tus gardeners tau ntsib nrog cov kab tsuag thiab paub txog lawv. Lawv tuaj tsis tau sai li sai tau pom, raws li lawv yog cov me me, uas tsis tau hais txog qhov kev puas tsuaj uas lawv ua rau currants.
Aphid yog cov kab hom kab mob uas txau ntawm cov kua txob cog thiab tuaj yeem cog kab mob kis kab mob.
Ntxiv rau qhov raug mob uas aphids ua, nws tseem attracts lwm yam kab mus rau cov nroj tsuag (nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm tseem ceeb ua si, emits ib tug pad - ib lub qab zib) Yog li, yog hais tias lub sij hawm tsis tau tshem ntawm aphids, tom qab ntawd nws koj currants tau "mus saib" lwm yam pests.
Ntxiv nrog rau qhov "qub" aphids, muaj ob peb hom uas cuam tshuam rau currants: 
- gall aphid;
Nws yog ib qho liab o ntawm nplooj ntawm currant ("kev kho mob" yog zoo ib yam li ib lub taj yooj yooj yim).
- tua aphid;
Wraps ib tug me me sprout on top ntawm ib tug currant.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv yuav rhuav tawm cov saum thiab hlawv (yog tias koj tawm hauv lub vaj, lub aphid yuav rov qab mus rau Bush).
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Tsis txhob hnov qab tias ants yug aphids thiab siv nws raws li ib qhov chaw ntawm cov as-ham. Lawv kuj nqa aphids rau lwm cov nroj tsuag, yog li ntawd thaum thaum ua nrog aphids, saib xyuas ants dhau lawm.
Koj puas muaj ib tug apantic currant, thiab koj tsis paub yuav kho nws li cas? Tam sim no peb xav txog cov kev xaiv uas yuav pab tau koj rhuav tshem ntawm qhov teeb meem no.
- Txoj kev lis ntshav nyob rau hauv dos tev. Proportional: 200 g husk ib 10 liv dej. Xav tau 5 hnub.
- Txoj kev lis ntshav ntawm dandelion. Peb noj 0.4 kg ntawm nplooj thiab 200 g ntawm cov nroj tsuag nws tus kheej nrog rau keeb kwm ib 10 liv dej sov. Ntsiag 2 xuab moos.
- Txoj kev lis ntshav celandine. 1 kg ntawm qhuav nyom ib 10 liv dej. Hais ib hnub.
Yog tias koj tsis xav siv cov "yawg" txoj hau kev, koj tuaj yeem siv cov organic insecticides. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, koj yuav xav tau ib lub cuab tam uas cuam tshuam rau lub paj hlwb ntawm aphid thiab tua nws - Py Tsuag Vaj Kab Killer los yog Doff Tag Nrho Hauv Ib Tug Tshaj Tsuag.
Qhov feem ntau biologically pab xaiv rau aphid extermination yog nyob hauv koj lub vaj hauv ladybirds, uas ua puas aphids los ntawm colonies. Yuav kom khom lub "tshav ntuj" hauv koj lub vaj zaub los yog lub vaj, nws yog qhov txaus kom yuam kom lawv cov menyuam thiab, tom qab cov lus qhia, yais tawm hauv koj lub vaj.
Ua nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Ib yam dab tsi tshwj xeeb mus leg lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav currants los ntawm aphids yog tsis tsim nyog. Koj yuav tsum txiav qhuav thiab diseased cegnyob rau hauv uas ib tug Kab Tsuag tau lub caij ntuj no, sau nplooj thiab hlawv nws yog tag nrho sab nraum lub vaj. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm tau tshem ntawm Kab Tsuag yuav ua tau sprinkling av ze ntawm lub Bush nrog ashes thiab tau kawg khawb
Koj puas paub? Qhov zoo tshaj plaws av rau currant kev loj hlob yog dub lub ntiaj teb loam, tab sis nws muaj peev xwm tseem loj hlob on lwm xau, ob leeg lub teeb thiab ntom. Cov av yuav tsum txaus ntub, yog li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov lub currants yog poured nrog kua chiv.
Currant Mite
Ib qho ntawm ntau currant pests yog mob raum.
Dub Currant Mite - nws yog ib tug microscopic mite uas cuam tshuam gooseberries thiab currants. Nws settles nyob rau hauv lub buds ntawm cov nroj tsuag, uas rau qhov no yog vim li cas ua ntau npawv. 
Cia peb tsom xam cov theem ua ntej, dab tsi yog li ntawd heev rau ib tsob ntoo. Ua ntej, los ntawm xws li buds yog tau qaug zog thiab deformed tua uas nyuam qhuav dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Tib ob, lub raum zuam tolerates kis kab mob ntawm currant (terry thiab mosaic).
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yog hais tias currant ntaus Terry los yog mosaic, ces no Bush tsis kho thiab tsuas yog yuav uprooted.
Qhov zuam no qe qe nyob rau hauv ob lub raum nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thaum currants tsim thiab sai loj hlob pib. Thaum lub larvae ua neeg coob nyob rau hauv ib lub pob, lawv kis tau lwm yam buds saum tsob ntoo. Qhov siab tshaj plaws pejxeem ntawm pests yog pom nyob rau ntawm qhov kawg ntawm currant flowering. Tom qab ntawd, lawv ua haujlwm txo.
Peb tig mus rau kev sib ntaus tawm tsam cov cab.
- Cov dej kub. Qhov no yog qhov yooj yim txoj kev soj ntsuam nrog ticks, uas yuav tsum tau kiag li tsis muaj tshuaj. Nyob rau hauv lig Autumn, thaum nplooj nplooj poob, thiab tsob ntoo pib hibernate, ncuav boiling dej tshaj lub currant Bush (ntawm chav kawm, tsis 100-degree, tab sis nyob ze rau nws). Yog li, koj yuav rhuav tshem cov zuam hauv cov kab mob uas muaj mob thiab tshem koj cov kab tsuag ntawm cov kab.
- Plucking tus kab mob muaj kab mob ntev ntev thiab sij hawm siv txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Nws tsim nyog yog tias koj muaj lub vaj me me. Yuav ua kom tiav no "khiav" tsuas yog thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg xwb, txwv tsis pub koj yuav txiav tawm ob kab mob thiab noj qab nyob zoo thiab tsis muaj qoob loo.
- Koj tuaj yeem mob siab rau cov tshuaj raws li colloidal sulphur, uas yuav ua rau lub plab zuam tawm. Cov tshuaj no muaj xws li Movento, Kontos, Oberon thiab Judo. Lawv yuav tsum tau leg currants thaum lub sij hawm ntawm lub nomination ntawm peduncle, txij thaum nws yog ces hais tias lub mites yog feem ntau yooj yim. Kev ua yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ob theem (rov ua dua tom qab 12 hnub).
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Tsis txhob cia cov hmoov hlo li ntawm cov tshuaj lom mus rau hauv lub txiv qaub, raws li nws tuaj yeem raug kub hnyiab.
Peb tsis pom zoo siv cov tshuaj phosphorus vim yog lawv cov tshuaj lom.
Yog hais tias tsis muaj cov kev xaiv uas haum koj, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tau ntau yam ntawm currants uas yog resistant rau raum mite: Nyob rau hauv nco ntawm Potapenko, Sevchanka, Nightingale hmo ntuj, Belarusian qab zib, Leningrad qab zib, Riddle, Kipiana, Leningrad loj, Nara, Oryol Serenade, Otradnaya, Chernysh, Dub Pearl.
Shchitovka
Shchitovka - tsev neeg ntawm hemiptera kab, uas nws lub cev yog them nrog ib tug tuab shield. Lawv pub rau ntawm lub SAP ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab ua rau nws tsis muaj zog. 
Currant ntaus ntau yam uas muaj lub npe "Willow shitovka". Nws yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm yam ntxwv dawb xim ntawm lub shield thiab los ntawm ib tug deb nws yuav zoo me me cocoons los yog cobwebs. Nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub rau hli ntuj, tus poj niam lays ob peb pawg ntawm pinkish larvae.
Yog hais tias lawv tsis pom ua ntej qhov txias, ces lawv yuav siv lub caij ntuj no nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij ntawm cov ceg nyob rau ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm Bush. Yog hais tias tus kab mob no ua rau koj tus me nyuam yau, ces nws yuav tsis yooj yim kom tau nws.
Qhov teeb meem yog tias tsuas yog "cov tub ntxhais hluas" ntawm daim ntaub thaiv npog yog raug chemical. Ib tus neeg laus tuaj yeem muab cov kws kho mob tshem tawm ntawm cov ntoo los ntawm txhais tes.
Yog xav tau tshem ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas, nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav lub Bush yog kho nrog Nitrafen 3% (300 g ib 10 liv dej).
Yog hais tias tus tua densely them nrog ib tug parasite, ces nws yog zoo dua mus txiav thiab hlawv lawv, raws li lub qe ntawm larvae yog nyob rau hauv lub scutes lawv tus kheej, uas, yog hais tias tsis zoo muab tshem tawm, yuav kis tus shrub dua.
Nws yuav yooj yim dua los ntxuav neeg laus bushes: tom qab mechanical tshem tawm parasites, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau ua cov ceg nrog "Aktellik" (emulsion destroys ntau tus kab). Ib qho ampoule ntawm cov tshuaj yog diluted nrog ob liv dej nyob rau ntawm ib tug kub ntawm + 12 ° C thiab saum toj no.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Cov tshuaj yog txaus ntshai rau cov tsiaj txhu thiab tib neeg, yog li tsis txhob cia tshuaj hauv cov zaub mov thiab dej.
Thaum tshem cov kab, koj tuaj yeem pab tswv yim los ntawm pej xeem txoj kev, xws li: infusions ntawm dos, dandelion thiab celandine, uas tau piav qhia nyob rau hauv kev nthuav dav hauv thawj pawg lus ntawm tsab xov xwm.
Currant Galliches
Currant Galitsa - tsev neeg ntawm ob-kab cov kab uas zoo nkaus li yoov tshaj cum nrog ib lub xim daj thiab daj. Parasitize feem ntau on blackcurrant thiab gooseberry.
Muaj larvae paj gall midge (tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm tsim ntawm lub buds), nplooj ntoos nruab nrab (tshwm rau thaum pib ntawm flowering) thiab khiav dim - thaum lub sij hawm loj flowering ntawm currants.
Gallitsa nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav lays qe on currant nplooj (nyob rau hauv qhov xaus ntawm loj hlob tua).
Cov qub larvae ua txhaum cov nplooj ntoos ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas tua nyob rau saum ntawm Bush, tom qab uas lub nplooj ntoos maj wraps thiab dries.
Tom qab qhov pib ntawm huab cua txias, lub larvae hibernate mus rau hauv cov av.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Qhov yug me nyuam ntawm midge yog nyiam los ntawm ib tug muaj zog pruning ntawm bushes, txij li thaum no ua ntau ntawm hov paus tua.
Yuav ua li cas nrog no Kab Tsuag?
Caij nplooj ntoos hlav tau tshuaj tsuag currant bushes nrog insecticides, leej twg tiv tau zoo nrog lawv cov hauj lwm. Daim ntawv teev muaj xws li: Actellic, Karbofos, Rovikurt thiab lwm tus. 
Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov mus tua nrog gallitsy xav tau raws li nram no: txiav puas raug tua tsis tau hemp (thiaj li hais tias cov kab no tsis tuaj yeem nkag rau cov kab laib tshiab).
Txij li thaum lub larvae ntawm gall midge overwinter nyob rau hauv hauv av, nyob rau hauv Autumn, hauv av ib ncig ntawm lub Bush yuav tsum tau dug li.
Npauj npaim
Firestorm - Lepidoptera npauj npaim tsev neeg. Cov butterflies lawv tus kheej tsis muaj kev hem thawj rau cov nroj tsuag, tsis zoo li lub larvae. 
Tom qab mating, butterflies nteg lawv cov qe nyob rau hauv lub paj. Tom qab ovary thiab hatching ntawm larvae, lawv penetrate tob rau hauv berries, noj tam sim ntawd lub noob thiab pulp.
Ib tug xws li tus kab tuav tau txov mus txog 10 currant berries. Koj muaj peev xwm xav txog yam dab tsi raug mob 10-20 xws li kab ntsig yuav ua.
Hluav taws kub kev puas tsuaj yuav qhia tau los ntawm rotten berries thiab ib tug noticeable cobweb, uas yuav tau them raws nraim currant txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Lub caterpillars tag lawv cov "pluas su" nyob rau thaum ntxov Lub Xya Hli, nqis mus rau hauv av nyob rau hauv ib lub hav txwv yeem thiab burrow rau hauv av los ntawm 3-4 centimeters.
Hluav taws sib ntaus swims tawm ntawm nws lub neej voj voog.
- Sau thiab ua puas lub berries thiab nplooj thaum lub sij hawm ripening.
- Nyob rau hauv lub Autumn, tom qab nplooj nplooj, khawb li cov av nrog lub turnover ntawm lub reservoir. Spud lub tsaws ntawm av los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm cov kab rau ib qhov siab ntawm 10 cm (txij li thaum fireball winters nyob rau hauv hauv av, ces tom qab waking li nws yuav tsis muaj txaus lub zog kom tau tawm los ntawm nyob rau hauv lub 10-centimeter txheej ntawm lub ntiaj teb, thiab nws yuav tsuas tuag).
- Txau insecticide. Rau qhov kev siv no Malathion (5 g ib 20 liv dej).
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Insecticide Karbofos yog lom rau tib neeg, tab sis poob qhov khoom no tom qab kev kho kub.
Sawflies
Sawfly - ib tug reddish-daj kab uas parasitizes liab currants thiab gooseberries: puas tsuaj thiab noj mov cov nplooj. Cov neeg laus tshwm thaum lub sij hawm flowering ntawm currants. Tus poj niam nteg lub larva ntawm sab nraum qab ntawm daim ntawv. Hatching caterpillars noj nplooj ntawv mus rau hauv av. 
Muaj ib qhov mob loj heev los ntawm sawflies, cov kab ntoo yawg tuaj yeem ua "liab qab" thiab koj yuav tsis tau hlais (yog hais tias lub me nyuam yau yog cov me, ces nws tuaj yeem qhuav tau txhua qhov).
Txuas mus rau lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, sawfly caterpillars nqis mus rau hauv av (3-4 cm) thiab dhau mus rau hauv cov tub ntxhais kawm theem. Tom qab hibernation, ib kab kab emerges los ntawm lub pupa, thiab lub voj voog rov qab.
Kev sib ntaus nrog sawfly yog zoo li kev sib ntaus nrog ib lub qhov cub ci ntsa iab:
- Kev khawb cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm lub Bush. Hauv qhov no, koj khawb lub pupae mus rau ib qhov tob uas lawv yuav tsis tawm hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, los yog tawm hauv qhov chaw uas lawv yuav khov.
- Kev ceev ntawm phau ntawv sau los ntawm cov ntawv txheeb. Nrog ib tug muaj zog yeej, koj muaj peev xwm txiav qhov currant tua. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tsis yog ib tug caterpillar yog sab laug ntawm lub Bush.
- Lawv siv decoctions ntawm wormwood, qej thiab haus luam yeeb, uas yog sprayed mus rau bushes thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm lub yeej los ntawm ib tug caterpillar.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Ua ntej siv tshuaj tua kab, ua tib zoo kawm lawv cov teebmeem ntawm lwm yam nroj tsuag hauv vaj, tsiaj txhu thiab neeg!
Currant iav ntim
Currant iav txiag - kab npauj npaim uas zoo li tus phaum. Muaj li ntawm 1 txhiab hom iav. 
Nws muaj me ntsis rog lub cev nrog ntsug kab txaij. Tus kab mob no tus kab mob lepidoptera feem ntau ua rau me me, liab liab thiab gooseberries.
Yuav ua li cas to taub tias nws yog lub currant glass ntim uas piam koj zoo nkauj txiv hmab txiv ntoo?
Yuav pib nrog, qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm kab no yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Puas tsuaj currant ceg pib qhuav ob qho kawg ntawm flowering thiab thaum pib ntawm tsim ntawm berries lawv tus kheej. Nrog ib tug loj heev lesion currant Bush tej zaum yuav tuag.
Yuav kom paub cov Kab Tsuag, Nws yog tsim nyog saib xwb. Yog hais tias lawv qhuav thiab muaj cov leeg nyob hauv nruab nrab, raws li nyob rau hauv cov duab, nws txhais tau hais tias nws yog worthwhile mus pib sib ntaus tawm tsam pests ntawm currants thiab gooseberries.
Yog xav tua cov kab no nyuaj heev. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias lawv siv ib nrab ntawm lawv lub neej hauv cov ceg ntoo.
Thaum koj yuav currant bushes, lawv yuav tsum tau kuaj kom thiaj li tsis muaj hibernating caterpillars hauv rooj plaub iav.
Cov kab feem ntau settles nyob rau hauv qub currant bushes, yog li nws yog nqi txiav tawm semi-qhuav ceg ntau npaum li sai tau.
Tom qab flowering yuav tsum tau kho currant bushes tshuaj lom neegxws li "Fufanona-Nova", "Kemifos" lossis "Kinmiks". Tom qab tag nrho, nws yog nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm no hais tias lub thawv iav feem ntau pib ntaus lub nroj.
Yog tias koj tsis xav siv tshuaj, peb pom zoo siv Biologicals - Lepidocid, Bitoxibacillin, Fitoverm. Cov tshuaj no muaj kev ruaj ntseg rau tib neeg thiab qhov xwm txheej, zoo heev thiab yooj yim siv.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Thaum yuav cov ntoo tshiab los ua tib zoo kuaj xyuas kom pom cov kab mob.
Hais tias tag nrho koj yuav tsum tau paub txog kev ntawm currants thiab gooseberries los ntawm xws li ib tug Kab Tsuag raws li currant iav.
Currant Zlatka
Dub currant zzlatka - Qhov no yog ib kab uas zoo nkaus li ib yam kab uas muaj xim muaj xim ntsuab. Qhov ntev ntawm lub zlatka yog los ntawm rau rau rau cuaj millimeters. 
Yuav ua li cas los txiav txim li cas raws nraim zlatka txav koj vaj teb?
Currant berries maj mam pib mus rau crumble. Ntawm qhov kev txiav ntawm cov ceg koj yuav pom cov ntawv me me uas ntim nrog ib lub taub dej. Koj tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tau lawv thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm flowering.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yog hais tias koj kho ib tug currant Bush los yog gooseberry nrog insecticides, ces thaum lub sij hawm lub caij, zlatki yuav tsis parasitize on nws, vim kab tsim tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ib tiam.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm puas tua, qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv yuav txiav lawv thiab hlawv. Nws yuav tsum tau ua thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg los yog caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Nyob rau hauv ib lub lim tiam los yog ob tom qab pib ntawm flowering, kho lub shrubs nrog insecticides. Kev yuav tsum tau yuav tsum tau nqa tawm tom qab sau.
Thaum xaus ntawm Lub Ob Hlis, siv caij nplooj ntoos hlav kev kho mob ntawm currant bushes los ntawm pests. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los mus kho currants ua ntej ripening. Cov av nyob rau hauv lub Bush yog sprinkled nrog tshauv, uas yuav cawm koj los ntawm larvae hibernating nyob rau hauv hauv av.
Thaum lub sij hawm yuav khoom ntawm bushes kom zoo zoo tshawb xyuas lub seedlings, vim hais tias lawv muaj peev xwm yuav muag nrog kab kab tshuam larvae.
Yog tias tsim nyog, siv tshuaj. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws suited solution. Los mus leg lub bushes yog peb lub lis piam tom qab kawg ntawm flowering.
Currant raum lub kaus mom
Qhov txaus ntshai rau currants yog raws nraim moth caterpillars, tsis yog neeg laus kab. Lawv lwj rau lub raum thiab ua rau lawv tej kev loj hlob. Lub cuam tshuam buds yog lagging qab nyob rau hauv kev loj hlob, qhov tawm los tee, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no lub bushes tsis muaj zog thiab tsis zam frosts. 
Feem ntau cov feem ntau, caterpillars lub caij ntuj no ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm Bush thiab lub crevices ntawm bark. Thaum pib ntawm lub Plaub Hlis, tus neeg laus cov kab ntsig creep mus rau saum ntawm lub buds, thiab twb nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-May lawv nqis los mus rau hauv av mus nkag rau theem ntawm cov menyuam.
Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov Lub rau hli ntuj, tus pupae los ua tus neeg laus butterflies, uas nteg qe nyob rau hauv tseem ntsuab txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Lub larvae pub rau ntawm noob ntawm unripe currant los yog gooseberry berries.
Yuav ua li cas nrog xws li pests currants?
Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom tshem tawm ceev faj thiab nqa tawm kev tiv thaiv ntawm currant bushes los yog gooseberries. Ua li no, ua cov hauv qab no:
- Ntshav bushes los ntawm qhuav tua. Yog li, koj yuav tau tshem ntawm currant moth larvae, raws li nws yuav txo tau tus nqi ntawm wintering chaw.
- Digging li hemp. Qhov no yuav pab koj tshem tawm kab tsuag hauv cov av thiab kho qhov chaw ntawm cog tshiab seedlings.
- Thinning landings.
- Nrhiav tau ntawm tshiab bushes los yog seedlings.
Yog hais tias koj yuav tsis txuag currants los yog gooseberries los ntawm larvae ntawm Kab Tsuag, ces koj yuav tsum tau pib mus tua nrog lawv. Heev muaj tus kab mob no yuav tsum tau Chlorofos los yog Nitrafen yuav tsum raug kho tom qab lub Peb Hlis.
Tawm tsam butterflies currant moth haum ua shrubs "Iskra". Resorting rau pej xeem txoj kev, koj siv tau tinctures ntawm mustard, celandine thiab lws suav saum. 
Yog li ntawd, peb suav hais tias yog lub ntsiab pests ntawm currants. Peb tau kawm txog yam dab tsi uas koj tuaj yeem ua nrog lawv thiab yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv tau tus kab mob ntawm tag nrho lub vaj.
Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb tau muab rau koj xaiv ntawm pej xeem tshuaj thiab tshuaj.
Yuav tsum ceev faj thaum twg yuav cov tshiab seedlings, raws li kab tsuag ntau "pw tsaug zog" rau ntawm cov hauv paus thiab nyob rau hauv lub bark. Tsis txhob hnov qab txoj cai kev nyab xeeb thaum siv tshuaj tua kab thiab lwm yam tshuaj lom.
