Peb txhua tus koom nrog lub caij ntuj sov uas muaj ntau yam khoom thiab khoom.
Rau qee qhov, qhov no yog lub hiav txwv, rau ib tug neeg nws yog lub nroog asphalt kub, tab sis rau ib tug neeg qhov no yog ib tug thaum yau nyob rau hauv pog lub zos thiab ntau ntawm qab berries los ntawm lub hav zoov thiab zaub vaj.
Tiam sis, hauv txhua yam ntawm peb txoj kev xaiv no, peb txhua tus yeej npaj siab tos ntsoov thaum lub caij sov ntawm lub xyoo tsuas yog tias txiv hmab txiv ntoo clustered nyob rau hauv lub hnub tuaj ntawm lub lag luam los yog nyob rau hauv vine nyob rau hauv lawv tus kheej lub vaj.
Thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog zoo, lawv kuj heev elegant thiab appetizing.
Cov no yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hu ua "NiZina", uas tau yug los ua cov dag zog ntawm nruab nrab tus txiv hmab txiv ntoo tus txiv neej ntawm Krainov tsev neeg tam sim no.
Dab tsi ntawm ntau yam yog nws, thiab yog dab tsi nws txawv tshwj xeeb: qhov kev piav qhia ntawm grapes "Nizina"
Qhov no txiv hmab yog tsis muaj ntau yam, tab sis ib daim ntawv cog lus ntawm ob hom txiv hmab txiv ntoo li "Talisman" (tseem hu ua "Kesha 1") thiab "Kishmish Radiant".
Nws yog tsaug rau lawv kev sib txuas lus los ntawm cov kws kho mob uas tsis yog N.V. Krainov hais tias zoo li no zoo li txiv hmab txiv ntoo "Nizina" tshwm.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas koj yuav tsum paub txog qhov tseeb uas nyob hauv cov niam txiv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm V.V. Zagorulko tsim lwm yam zoo kawg nkaus, uas yog hu ua "Lily ntawm Valley."
Tab sis txij li thaum cov sau phau ntawv sib txawv, ntau yam kuj muab tawm kom radically sib txawv los ntawm txhua lwm yam, tab sis Attendance nyog ntawm xim.
Raws li rau cov txiv hmab "Nizina", uas peb xav qhia nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, nws yog hais txog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, vim hais tias nws muaj zoo saj thiab kev nthuav qhia zoo.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog ncaj khov khouas tso cai rau koj loj hlob nws tsis tsuas yog nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm Russia, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv nws nruab nrab climatic cheeb tsam.
Txhuam thiab berries ntawm grapes "Nizina": yuav ua li cas los paub txog ntawm lwm yam ntau yam
Lub lag luam daim npav ntawm txhua yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog nws cov txhuam, uas yog loj loj nyob rau hauv "Nizina". Qhov nruab nrab, lawv cov cim loj yog 0.6-0.7 kilograms, tab sis qee tus kuj yuav ncav cuag 1.5-3 kilograms.
Cov nta ntawm cov tsos ntawm cov pawg yog nyob rau hauv lawv cylindric conical zoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas tau muab tso rau ntawm ib pawg ntawm nruab nrab ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov nruab nrab. Feem ntau, lawv saib zoo heev thiab muaj cov khoom zoo heev.
Raws li rau berries, lawv yog cov tseem heev impressive nyob rau hauv no grape. Qhov nruab nrab, lawv cov cwj pwm tsis yog txhais hais tias yog 3 x 2, 2 centimeters, nrog cov ntsuas ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm ib qho nqaij ntawm 10-12 grams.
Tus duab ntawm berries yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog zoo nkauj, oval. Tab sis lawv yog cov xim tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws los ntawm lawv daim tawv liab-liab doog xim, vim uas tsis muaj zog tsis pom kev zoo nyob rau hauv tshav ntuj.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo pib ua kom muaj xim dawb ntau dua li lawv cov txiaj ntsim zoo ntawm tus neeg kom loj hlob. Yog li, txawm 2 lub lis piam ua ntej lawv tag nrho kom loj hlob, lawv muaj peev xwm twb darken thiab tig liab doog.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov berries muaj ib tug heev harmonious thiab nplua nuj saj, uas complements lub unusually ntxiag fleshy thiab muaj kua nqaij. Loj zoo tuaj yeem hu ua qhov tseeb tias daim tawv nqaij tseem noj tag nrho, tab sis nws muaj cov qauv tuab haum.
Lawv lub qab zib txuam kuj tseem nyob theem siab, kwv yees li 17-18%, thaum lub acidity ntawm lub pulp yog ib theem tsis siab tshaj 8-9 g / l.
Sib tham txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm fruiting thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo grapes "Nizina"
Qhov no hybrid daim ntawv ntawm grapes fructifies ntawm ib tug heev theem. Nyob rau hauv kev, no feature contributes rau nws Bush: nws muaj ib tug heev muaj zog txoj kev loj hlob thiab ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm fruitful tua.
Raws li rau tom kawg, lawv tus naj npawb hauv kev sib raug zoo rau tag nrho tus naj npawb ntawm 60 mus rau 80%.
Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, rau ib tug tua, los ntawm 1 mus rau 2 pawg yuav tsum tau tsim, vim hais tias cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua tus nqi ntawm lub grapes "Nizin" yog vaj huam sib luag rau qhov ntsuas 1-1.4.
Ib tug zoo yam yog lub stability ntawm fruiting Bush ntawm no grape ntau yam, thiab nws muaj peev xwm mus thauj 30-35 ob lub qhov muag thiab 22-24 tua.
Nrog rau tag nrho cov no, nrog rau ib lub hav txwv yeem, txawm tias tsis muaj kev tu mob heev, koj tuaj yeem sau tau txog 6 phaus ntawm cov dej cawv zoo.
Ntxiv mus, lub Bush pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau 2-3 xyoos tom qab cog nws nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw mus tas li.
Raws li rau lub caij nyoog ripening ntawm no grape, raws li qhov ntsuas "Nizin" yog nruab nrab. Nyob rau hauv kev, lub sij hawm ntawm lub caij loj hlob ntawm Bush, uas yog, lub sij hawm los ntawm lub sij hawm lub qhov muag Bloom kom txog thaum lub tag nrho kom loj hlob ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo pib, kav los ntawm 125-145 hnub, nyob ntawm seb lub cheeb tsam ntawm kev loj hlob.
Yog li, nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam, tus sau yuav pib los ntawm 20th lub yim hli ntuj, nyob rau hauv lwm tus, tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 10th ntawm lub Cuaj Hli.
Tsis ntev ces qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws zoo ntawm grapes "Nizina"
- Qhov ntau yam muaj zoo ripening lub sij hawm, tso cai nws kom loj hlob txawm nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam sib txawv ntawm Russia.
- Nws yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm ib tug heev zog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tua, thiab raws li tag nrho ripening ntawm vine.
- Tsaug rau lub paj bisexual, pollination ntawm Bush tshwm sim 100% thiab Bush Bush txiv hmab txiv ntoo ruaj khov heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, ua tsaug rau qhov no tseem ceeb, cov berries tsis peas.
- Grape pawg yog txawv los ntawm high kev nthuav qhia thiab zoo heev saj ntawm berries.
- Txiv hmab txiv ntoo kuj tseem tuaj yeem nqa tau cov tsheb thauj mus los ntev heev.
- Tsis kam mus Frost yog nyob rau theem siab heev. Cov ntoo ntawm Vizina vine yog tsis puas txawm nyob -23 ° C.
- Txoj hauj lwm mus rau ntau cov kab mob ntawm vineyards, nrog rau oidium, mildew thiab grey rot, qhov no grape yog nyob rau ntawm ib tug heev theem.
- Txawm tias qhov tsos ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, cov qoob loo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas tau piav txog yog tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm lub txiv nkhaus.
Cov tsis zoo thiab muaj teeb meem ntawm loj hlob grapes Kraynova
Txawm hais tias tus grapes "Nizina" tsis yog tshwj xeeb yog fastidious tu, nws muaj ib co cai rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm cog. Nyob rau hauv kev, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev hais tias Bush muaj ib tug loj qhov chaw rau cov khoom noj (uas yog, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los cog bushes ntawm ib tug zoo deb ntawm txhua lwm).
Tsis tas li ntawd, ib qho loj npaum li cas ntawm cov peev xwm tawm los yog tsim nyob rau Bush. Ntawm chav kawm, koj muaj peev xwm tawm nws tag nrho, tab sis, ces qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm bunches thiab berries yuav heev me me. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, lub Bush yuav tsum tau tswj cov cai. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, tsis tsuas yog ib tug npaum li cas ntawm cov qoob loo yog muab tshem tawm, tab sis kuj tua.
Tsis tas li, qhov tsis kam ntawm Bush mus rau xws li ib tug kab mob raws li oidium tau sharply txo yog hais tias huab cua kub kub heev rau ib lub sij hawm ntev ntawm lub sij hawm. Hauv no regard, cov tub txawg tswv yim ntxiv tshuaj tsuag txiv hmab nroj tsuagthaum lawv nyob rau hauv uas theem thaum berries yog poured.
Dispersed leej faj yog zoo meej rau pollination.
Muaj coob tus kuj pom qhov tsis zoo ntawm muaj 2-3 noob nyob rau hauv lub berries. Ntawm chav kawm, tej zaum qhov no yuav cuam tshuam nrog txoj kev ntawm kev lom zem ntawm saj ntawm cov berries. Tab sis nyob rau lwm cov tes, cov pob txha yog cov noob rau kev luam ntawm vines, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb
Yuav ua li cas koj yuav tsum tau paub txog cov nta ntawm cog ib grape Bush: qhia tag nrho cov secrets
Grape bushes tsis yog tshwj xeeb tshaj whimsical mus rau tej yam kev mob ntawm txoj kev loj hlob thiab cog, tab sis nws yog tseem muaj nqis paub txog ib txhia me ntsis tricks uas yuav pab kom tau kev loj hlob sai thiab fruiting.
Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog xaiv ib qho chaw zoo rau cog no qoob loo, uas yuav siab siab tag nrho nws cov kev xav tau. Xws li, yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau cov nram qab no:
- Illuminated chaw rau loj hlob grapes. Qhov zoo tshaj yuav tuaj yeem hu ua qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, vim yog nyob hauv cov duab ntxoov ntxoo cov txiv hmab tsis tsuas yog tsis loj tuaj, tab sis kuj yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo phem heev. Yog li, xaiv rau grapes tsuas yog sab qab teb ib feem ntawm koj lub ntsiab lus.
- Kev ruaj ntseg ntawm sab qaum teb cua. Cov cua yog heev txaus ntshai rau grape inflorescences. Lawv muaj zog heev, thiab nrog cua hlob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los ntawm sab qaum teb, lawv tuaj yeem ya ncig. Qhov no tiv thaiv tsis tau txhais hais tias lub bushes yuav tsum tau cog nyob rau hauv tag nrho windless qhov chaw, tab sis koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tawm nws yam tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv. Yog li, nws yog qhov zoo heev rau cov nroj tsuag txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau sab qab teb sab ntawm lub tsev. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, koj yuav tiv thaiv nws thiab ua kom zoo nkauj décor rau koj lub tsev.
- Av fertility. Kuj tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj xav kom ua tiav siab. Qhov zoo tshaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo "Nizina" muab tsuas yog thaum loj hlob nyob rau hauv av dub, tab sis yog tias nws tas li pub rau lwm qhov xau, qhov no yuav zoo.
- Av qhov dej tob. Ua dhau ze ntawm cov av saum npoo yuav ua rau cov hniav lwj. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov, yog hais tias lawv yog nyob rau ntawm ib tug tob ntawm 2.5 meters. Lwm cov xwm txheej, koj yuav tsum khawb lub qhov los yog lub cav uas yuav ua ib qho kua dej.
- Scheme ntawm cog vines. Peb twb tau hais tias cov txiv hmab "Nizina" xav tau ntau qhov chaw rau khoom noj khoom haus. Rau qhov no yog vim li cas, nruab nrab ntawm lub bushes ntawm daim ntawv no nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ua ib tug heev broad tawm, txog 3 meters. Nruab nrab ntawm ob kab - hais txog 4 meters.
Xaiv ib txoj kev ntawm cog ib tug Bush ntawm grapes "Nizina"
Grapes yuav tau propagated nyob rau hauv ob peb txoj kev, txhua ntawm uas yog zoo nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej txoj kev. Qhov txawv yuav tsum yog koj tus kheej cov kev pab thiab kev xav xwb.
1. Nroj tsuag seedlings. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim heev rau ob qho tib si tau thiab loj hlob koj tus kheej. Tsaws kuj yuav tsis ua rau muaj teeb meem yog tias koj npaj ua ntej tsawg kawg theoretically (peb yuav piav txog nws hauv kev nthuav dav hauv qab no).
Lub loj ntxiv ntawm no yug me nyuam ntawm grapes yog tias Bush yuav tas muaj tag nrho nws cov varietal thaj chaw + qhov no yog tagnrho yog hais tias tus txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cog rau ntawm lub cuab ntxhiab rau thawj zaug.
2. Grafting cuttings. Tsis muaj txoj kev zoo, qhov zoo ntawm qhov uas yog kev loj hlob sai ntawm lub tshiab Bush thiab nws sai nkag mus rau hauv fruiting. Tom qab tag nrho, lub Tshuag thaum lub sij hawm ntawm grafting feem ntau muaj ib tug zoo khoom ntawm perennial ntoo thiab ib tug zoo-paus paus system.
Tab sis nws muaj ib qho teeb meem: yog qhov Tshuag tsis yog ntau yam ntawm "Nizin", lub tshiab ntoo yuav poob qee yam ntawm nws cov khoom zoo thiab tau txais cov khoom zoo ntawm cov khoom lag luam (piv txwv li, nws yuav muaj qis qis zog).
3. Siv cov kais dej. Qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj yog tias koj los yog koj cov neeg tau txais kev paub dhau lawm twb muaj ib daim nplooj ntoo Nizina txiv ntoo hauv daim zajlus. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, ib qho ntawm ntev thiab muaj zog tshaj tua bends down rau cov av thiab sprinkled on to top ntawm nws.
Nrog txaus noo noo, tom qab ib tug thaum lub sij hawm, lub sprout yuav siv paus thiab pib tag nrho txoj kev loj hlob, raws li ib qho txawv Bush. Yog hais tias lub splice yog txiav, tshiab Bush yuav transplanted raws li ib tug sapling.
Txog dab tsi lub sij hawm cog nroj tsuag "Nizina"
Raws li rau cog hnub, ces txhua yam muaj peev xwm ncab heev ntseeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv qhov teeb meem plays ib txoj kev ntawm tsaws.
Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab nyob rau hauv Autumn, koj muaj peev xwm cog "tsaug zog" seedlings, cog cuttings, los yog ua rau ceg.
Hauv lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav sov, thaum huab cua no twb pib khov lawm, koj tuaj yeem cog qoob cog qoob los yog cog tsob ntoo ntsuab. Kaw nyob hauv txoj hauv kev yuav ua tau txhua xyoo puag ncig.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas muaj kev txhawj xeeb cog txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg yog cov nram no: lub sij hawm yuav tsum tau xaiv thaum tag nrho cov khoom cog twb tau so, thiab tsis muaj sij hawm los pib loj hlob ua ntej qhov pib ntawm lub caij ntuj no frosts.
Nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam qab teb, qhov no tej zaum yuav yog qhov kawg ntawm lub Peb Hlis, thiab nyob rau hauv ntau cov cheeb tsam chaw northerly nws yuav pib los yog nruab nrab ntawm Lub kaum hli ntuj.
Kom cog cov txiv hmab nrog seedlings: nta thiab cov cai
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau no txoj kev ntawm yug me nyuam grapes kom zoo npaj qhov aub tsiv.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau ncuav nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug ntau ntawm chiv thiaj li hais tias lawv muaj peev xwm pub lub Bush kom txog thaum nws nkag mus rau hauv fruiting. Ntxiv mus, lub qhov taub yuav tsum tau npaj ntau tshaj li qhov pib nws tus kheej yuav siv qhov chaw, vim tias tag nrho nws cov khoom yuav tsum ua rau lub ntsiab lus no. Txwv tsis pub, ua ke nrog chiv thiab av, lub seedling nws tus kheej yuav sow, thiab nws caj dab yuav nyob rau hauv hauv av. Qhov no yuav tsum tsis pub nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, rau vim li cas qhov aub tsiv yog npaj nyob rau hauv lwm 2-3 lub lim piam (rau caij nplooj ntoos hlav cog ntawm grapes, nws yuav npaj tau nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg).
Qhov tob thiab dav ntawm lub qhov dej yuav tsum tau ua li 0.8 meters, uas yuav cia koj ua kom txaus txaus ntawm cov chiv. Raws li kev pom zoo tsis ntev los no siv fertile av, ib tug me me ntawm cov poov tshuaj ntsev, superphosphates thiab nitrogen, raws li tau zoo raws li 2-3 thoob ntawm compost. Thaum uas tau sau cov dej no mus rau hauv lub qhov dej, nws kuj yog nws tsim nyog npog nws nrog ib txheej ntawm unfertilized av, uas yuav tiv thaiv lub keeb kwm los ntawm Burns nrog ib tug loj concentration ntawm chiv.
Lub seedling nws tus kheej yog xaiv kom zoo zoo: lub keeb kwm yuav tsum muaj ib tug dawb tsos nqaij daim tawv, thiab lub Upper txiav yog ntsuab.
Ua ntej cog, lub hauv paus system rau qee lub sij hawm descends rau hauv dej, zoo li mus rau hauv "Humate" kua, uas yog tau tsim tawm hauv paus tsim. Tom ntej, lub seedling yog qis rau hauv aub tsiv mus rau theem ntawm lawv paus ntseg tsho thiab maj sau nrog av.
Hais rau cov av mus dag ntau nruj rau hauv lub qhov thiab muaj tsis muaj huab cua nyob ze ntawm lub hauv paus, nyob rau hauv ib nrab ntawm cov txheej txheem no koj muaj peev xwm ncuav 10 liv dej rau hauv lub qhov. Tom qab qhov no, qhov aub tsiv poob mus pw tsaug zog, thiab qhov kawg ntawm txiv quav ntswv nyoos yog rov qab dej kom ntau, uas yuav tsum muaj txog 20 liters.
Nyob ze ntawm sapling nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los tsav tsheb muaj zog, uas yuav pab kom npog nws rau lub caij ntuj no tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj. Cov av ib ncig ntawm lub seedling yog tas them nrog ib tug txheej ntawm 3-4 cm ntawm mulch.
Nws tseem yog nthuav mus nyeem txog qhov grape ntau yam rau Siberia
Kev tu txiv hmab txiv ntoo: tsis nco qab txog txhua yam?
- Yeej tsis nco qab txog kev ywg dej txiv hmab. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yuav tsum tau ntau ntawm noo noo thaum lub sij hawm nkag mus rau hauv nroj tsuag theem thiab thaum lub sij hawm tsim ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej qoob loo. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub Bush yog ntxiv thaum lub sij hawm protracted droughts.
- Yuav kom ya raws nyob rau hauv cov av ntev, lub yav tas yuav tsum tau them nrog mulch. Ua li no, siv mesh los yog sawdusted darkened.
- Fruiting Bush yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau pub. Qhov no yuav ua rau kom txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov tua, thiab raws li qhov tsim ntawm qoob loo nws tus kheej. Koj tuaj yeem siv txhua yam tib yam uas peb pom zoo kom muab tso rau hauv lub qhov taub thaum cog.
- Txhua xyoo nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg, lub vine yuav tsum tau pruned. Nws pom zoo kom luv kom txhua tus tua los ntawm 2-4 tus neeg ua haujlwm, los yog los ntawm 8-10. Tsis tas li ntawd, nrog kev pab ntawm trimming koj muaj peev xwm rau Bush lub nws tus kheej. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau cov "Nizina" los xaiv ntau lub caj npab kev tsim tawm.
- Cov neeg laus ntawm Bush ntawm no grape tsis tau zais, tab sis seedlings kom tiv thaiv los ntawm Frost yog tsim nyog.
- Txau ntawm cov kab mob grape yuav tsum tau nqa tawm tsis tu ncua. Qhov no ua tiav rau kev tiv thaiv, yog li ntawd tom qab lawv tsis tas yuav nrog lawv. Sprayed bushes ua ntej flowering thiab thaum lub sij hawm tsim ntawm qoob loo.
