Niaj hnub no, thaj chaw ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo cog qoob loo ce tseg tsis pub dhau rau yav qab teb thaj av.
Tsaug rau txoj kev tshiab ntawm yug me nyuam thiab kev tiv thaiv, sprouting thiab fruiting vines pib tshwm nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua lub vaj.
Muaj ntau ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau yam, uas txawv nyob rau hauv tsos thiab saj.
Ib qho ntawm cov hom tshiab yog Viking, ib lub rooj ntoo ntau yam. Hais txog nws thiab yuav tham.
Nqe lus piav txog ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau yam "Viking"
Lub Viking txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau yam yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm kev ua hauj lwm ntawm breeder VS Zagorulko. thiab tau los ntawm kev hla ntau hom AIA-1 thiab Kodryanka.
Lub txiv hmab "Viking" yog thaum ntxov ntau yamuas ripens nyob rau hauv 110 - 120 hnub. Nws yog tseem tsim tau hais tias "Viking" pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau 3 - 4 hnub ua ntej tshaj "Codrean".
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau yam nyob rau hauv lo lus nug yuav tau nyob twj ywm rau ntawm vine rau ib lub sij hawm ntev. Bushes loj hlob zoo, vines yog vigorous. Cov ntawv txheeb npe yog nruab nrab los yog loj hauv qhov loj, paj yog bisexual, Bloom thaum ntxov Lub rau hli ntuj.
Pawg ntawm qhov nruab nrab me me, nrog rau qhov nruab nrab ntom nti, muaj ib lub conical lossis cylindrical puab, qhov loj me ntawm 500 mus rau 750 g, qee zaus txog li 1 kg. Cov pob txha muaj xiav xiav, muaj ib qho oob khab dub, loj (32 x 23 mm), ncav 8 - 12 g hauv qhov hnyav. Lub cev nqaij muaj zog, qabzib-qaub, hauv kev saj muaj cov ntawv sau los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Cov tawv nqaij yog nyias, yuav luag tsis paub thaum noj.
Tawm ntawm qhov "Viking" nruab nrab. Nws tuaj yeem tiv tauj ib txoj hauv siab kub mus rau-21 ° C. Muaj kuj yog ib qho uas tsis haum ua rau mob mildew thiab oidium.
Virtues:
- heev high Frost tsis kam
- qab qab zoo berries
- ceev ceev ripening
Disadvantages:
- nruab nrab tawm los
- ntseeg tau cuam tshuam los ntawm mildew, oidium
Hais txog cov nta ntawm cog ntau yam
Qhov no ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum tau fertile av, raws li qhov tsis tau txais kev lem ntsiab nyob rau hauv hauv av yuav ua rau ib tug deterioration nyob rau hauv lub saj ntawm grapes. Yog li ntawd, nws yog zoo dua kom loj hlob Viking nyob rau hauv fertile xau, piv txwv li, dub av.
Nruab nrab ntawm ob bushes yuav tsum txaus qhov chaw, yog li qhov deb ntawm seedlings yuav tsum txog 2.5 - 3 m.
Koj tuaj yeem cog noob ntoo los yog caij nplooj ntoos hlav los yog caij nplooj zeeg. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog tias kub yog nyob rau hauv 15 - 25 ° C, vim hais tias kev loj hlob tus nqi ntawm yav tom ntej grapes nyob ntawm qhov kub.
Ua ntej yuav tsaws koj xav tau kos txhua txhua seedling. Hom phiaj, nws yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog plaub keeb kwm nrog ib tug tuab ntawm 1.5 - 2 mm, thiab ntev yuav tsum ncav cuag 10 cm.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub seedling yuav tsum muaj elastic, tsis tawg thaum khoov duav, noj qab haus huv saib (tsis muaj mechanical kev puas tsuaj thiab cov cim qhia ntawm raug cov kab mob fungal).
Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev loj hlob yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 20 cm nrog 4 mus rau 5 buds.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas lub keeb kwm ntawm seedlings tsis qhuav, raws li nws yuav tsis yooj yim sua kom rov qab rau lawv. Ua ntej cog, lub keeb kwm yog immersed nyob rau hauv dej nrog ntxiv ntawm kev loj hlob stimulants (gibberellin, heteroauxin).
Rau kom cog, koj yuav tsum khawb ib qhov (0.8x0.8x0.8 m), hauv qab ntawm uas noj qab haus huv pov thawj los ntawm ib tug sib tov ntawm humus (7 - 10 thoob) thiab fertile av.
Tom qab tag nrho cov dej sib tov yog sau thiab compacted nyob rau hauv qab ntawm aub tsiv, pob zeb hauv av chiv (300 g ntawm superphosphate thiab potash chiv) yuav tsum tau mus thov rau ib tug tob ntawm 5 cm thiab rammed hauv av dua.
Tom ntej, los ntawm fertile av koj yuav tsum tau ua ib tug mound tsis ntau tshaj 5 cm siab, uas koj yuav tsum tau ces muab tso rau ib tug seedling thiab ncaj qha lub keeb kwm.
Xws li ib tug seedling yuav tsum tau them nrog fertile av ua ntej kev loj hlob (qhov siab ntawm xws li ib tug embankment yuav tsum muaj kwv yees li 25 cm). Nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub seedling watered nrog 2 - 3 thoob dej. Tom qab cov dej noo yog absorbed, lub ntiaj teb yuav tsum tau loosened. Tom qab cog, nws tsim nyog los tsim lwm 2 irrigations ntawm ua haujlwm ntawm 2 lub lis piam, loosen cov av thiab npog nws nrog mulch.
Tswv Yim Viking
- Watering
"Viking" tsis nyiam ib qho dej khov ntawm cov dej, yog li koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj nrog dej.
Nws yog tsim nyog rau dej txiv hmab nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm los ntawm nruab nrab lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj mus rau ib nrab-Lub Kaum Hli.
Thawj zaug watering yog ua thaum pib ntawm lub caij, sai li sai tau tom qab qhuav garter ntawm tua tau.
Qhov thib ob lub sij hawm koj muaj peev xwm ncuav lub vine tom qab pruning, tab sis nyob rau hauv qhaj ntawv ntawm paska (SAP - no xaiv ntawm kua txiv nyob rau hauv kev txiav, zoo li ib tug vine "quaj"). Yog hais tias SAP tshwm nyob rau hauv me me qhov ntau, ces dej lub grapes yog undesirable.
Rau peb lub sij hawm, watering yuav tsum tau ua thaum tua tau ncav cuag ib tug ntev ntawm 25-30 cm.
Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm flowering vines, nws yog lub sij hawm mus rau dej lub grapes rau plaub lub sij hawm. Grapes tsis tau watered thaum pib los yog thaum lub sij hawm flowering, raws li xws li dej yuav ua rau lub paj mus crumble.
Qhov thib tsib lub sij hawm cov vine xav tau kev tau watered thaum pawg ua pib rau (thaum lub berries resemble peas me me nyob rau hauv loj). Cov dej no yuav ua rau kom muaj kabmob zoo tuaj.
Qhov thib rau dej tuaj yeem pab muag muag cov khoom noj ntawm cov pawg.
Lub sijhawm kawg cov txiv hmab yog dej tom qab qoob loo tau. Nco ntsoov ua raws li huab cua, thaum muaj dried txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum tau ya raws.
- Mulching
Mulching yog ib txoj cai uas tsim nyog tiv thaiv lub keeb kwm ntawm grapes los ntawm hypothermia thiab lub cev qhuav dej, ua rau kom nkag tau ntawm oxygen mus rau hauv paus system, thiab tseem tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj.
Nws yog tsim nyog los nqa tawm lub tso ntawm mulch thoob plaws hauv lub xyoo. Cov ntaub ntawv haum yuav sawdust, straw, mulch ntawv, peat. Qhov kev tiv thaiv lub txheej yuav tsum ncav cuag 5 - 10 cm.
- Tshem tawm
Koj yuav tsum tau kawm cov kev kawm hauv Mid-Lub Kaum Hli lossis qis dua tom qab, nws yog nyob ntawm huab cua. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv rau txoj kev ua no, koj tuaj yeem siv hauv av, polymer films lossis improvised txhais tau tias.
Yog tias koj tiv thaiv cov vines nrog lub ntiaj teb, ces ua ntej ntawd koj yuav tsum plentifully dej tag nrho cov kev vau ces kom cov dej mus tob txaus.
Lub vines ntawm txhua Bush yuav tsum tau raug khi thiab pw ntawm cov khoom siv pre-bedded (slate strips, polyethylene) thiaj li kom tsis txhob rotting. Tom ntej no, lub vines yog them nrog ib txheej ntawm 15 mus rau 20 cm Nyob rau ntawm lub kawg, lwm watering yog xav tau.
Lwm txoj kev mus rau vaj tse grapes yog polyethylene npog. Ua li no, lub vine yuav tsum tau tsau nyob rau hauv av, thiab saum toj no cov ceg nws yog tsim nyog rau nruab hlau arcs ntawm uas polyethylene yog stretched. Naam yog tsau nyob rau ntawm ob sab hauv av los yog lwm yam khoom siv.
Txij li thaum lub "Viking" yog ib hom kabmob ntau-resistant, ob txheej ntawm polyethylene tsis yog yuav tsum tau rau lub vines ntawm no grape.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas tus tua tsis kov lub lo, lwm yam frost tswb yuav tsum tau tsim.
Qhov xaus ntawm zaj duab xis yuav tsum tau sab laug qhib rau kev nkag mus ntawm huab cua, tab sis lawv tseem yuav tsum tau kaw thaum kub kub poob hauv qab 8-10 ° C.
Nws tseem yog nthuav mus nyeem txog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntau yam ntawm liab grapes.
- Pruning
Txiav cov vines rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, uas yuav muab lub sijhawm zoo los npog nws.
Thaum pruning ib tug tub ntxhais hluas seedling nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los txiav tawm tus voj voog, thiab tom qab ntawd ces kom shorten tus tub ntxhais hluas tua, tawm nyob rau tib lub sij hawm los ntawm ob mus rau tsib buds.
Tseem ceeb tshem tawm ntxiv tua, yog li 3 - 8 tes tsho nyob (cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tua tuaj yeem loj hlob ntawm lub kaum tawm hauv av).
Thaum pruning "neeg laus" Viking bushes, koj yuav tsum tau tawm ntev tua, pub kom lub Bush yuav loj thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum me me. Xws li pruning yog ua thaum pib ntawm loj hlob rau lub caij. Nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los txiav 12 mus rau 20 buds, nyob ntawm ntev ntawm lub vine thiab lub hnub nyoog ntawm Bush.
- Fertilizer
Ntau ntau "Viking", zoo li txhua lwm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, yuav tsum tau noj cov zaub mov kom zoo dua.
Nws yog tsim nyog rau fertilize bushes 2 - 3 lub sij hawm thaum lub sij hawm zuj zus rau lub caij nrog ib tug caij nyoog ntawm 3 - 4 lub lis piam. Nws yog zoo dua mus ua ke sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws nrog dej mus rau zoo dua tso cai ntawm chiv rau hauv av.
Thawj lub sij hawm koj yuav tsum tau ua ib tug me me ntawm nitrogen thiab cov organic fertilizers (1.5 - 2 dia ntawm ammonium nitrate ib 10 liv ntawm manure daws). Qhov no pub mis yog pib ntawm lub caij pib.
Thaum lub sij hawm plaub dej, fertilizing nrog zinc salts, poov tshuaj sulfate los yog superphosphate yog tsim nyog rau zoo dua pollination. Cov txheej txheem fertilization hauv qab no yuav tsum coincide nrog rau dej thib rau thiab xam cov kev qhia txog superphosphate thiab potassium sulfate.
Organics yuav tsum tau siv ib zaug txhua 2 - 3 xyoos, 15 kg ib Bush, poob pw tsaug zog fertilizer rau hauv pits 50 cm sib sib zog nqus dug raws periphery ntawm Bush.
- Kev tiv thaiv
Viking tuaj yeem ua phem heev los ntawm mildew thiab oidium, yog li koj yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv ntawm bushes los ntawm cov teebmeem ntawm no fungal kab mob.
Pov thawj tias txiv hmab yog puas los ntawm mildew yog daj oily me ntsis rau ntawm nplooj.
Lub causative tus neeg sawv cev ntawm tus kab mob no yog fungus. Rau kev kho mob thiab prophylaxis, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau ua cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo 3 zaug: thawj - thaum cov tub ntxhais hluas tua tau loj hlob mus rau 15 - 20 cm, ob - ua ntej flowering, peb - tom qab flowering.
Cov kev kho mob yog nqa nrog fungicides xws li anthracol, strobe los yog Ridomil kub. Cov cim ntawm oidium yog qhov zoo li ntawm grey plua plav rau ntawm nplooj. Txoj kev ntawm kev tawm tsam yog tib yam li nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm mildew.
