Cultivation thiab yug me nyuam ntawm tshiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau yam tau raug siv rau txhiab xyoo raws li cov tub txawg, raws li yooj yim amateurs.
Ua tsaug rau lawv txaus siab thiab ntau xyoo ntawm kev rau siab, ib tug loj heev tus naj npawb ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau tau tsim tau tias yuav los siav muaj gourmet.
Nyob rau hauv kev, ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab ntawm pib xyaum ua, uas yog tsis tshua muaj neeg nrov hnub no, yog Novocherkassk Anniversary grape.
Txoj kev hlub ntawm winegrowers thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo berry kiv cua tau khwv tau ntau yam ua tsaug rau nws cov qoob loo loj thiab loj loj.
Hais txog tag nrho cov nta ntawm no grape yuav qhia rau hauv qab no.
Nqe lus piav txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm interspecific hybrid "Hnub ntawm Novocherkassk"
Qhov no zoo nkauj grape yog suav hais tias yog ib qho interspecific hybrid, lub authorship ntawm tus niaj zaus xyaum ua N.V. Kraynov. Los ntawm kev siv zog ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm loj hlob, hnub no peb tuaj yeem cog qoob loo ntawm lub loj tshaj plaws txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau ntawm peb lub ntsiab lus.
Niam txiv keeb kwm ntawm no grape tsis paub, tab sis tom qab qhov nta ntawm Novocherkassk lub Jubilee zoo ib yam li lwm ob brainchildren ntawm Kraynov, lub Transformation thiab Viktor. Txawm li cas los xij, qee qhov chaw qhia tau tias Talisman grapes hla nrog Kishmish Radiant ntau yam raug suav hais tias yog nws tus khub niam txiv.
Bunches-giants ntawm grapes "Novocherkassk hnub tseem ceeb"
Ib qho ntawm feem ntau amazing nyob rau hauv loj bunches ntawm grapes "Hnub tseem ntawm Novocherkassk" yog hais txog ib qho ntawm cov ntxov tshaj plaws ntau yam. Nws cov txiv hmab ntawm qhov hnyav tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov tseem ceeb txog 3 kilograms, tab sis nyob rau nruab nrab qhov loj ntawm grapes yog kwv yees li 0.8-1.6 kilograms.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub pawg muaj ib tug zoo nkauj heev tsos, uas yog lwm zoo dua ntawm no ntau yam. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb sau cia tias cov qauv ntawm cov txiv hmab "Novocherkassk Anniversary" yog heev ntom, nws muaj ntau tus ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Feem ntau, nyob rau hauv lawv daim ntawv, cov pawg no yog cynical los yog cylindroconic.
Cov txiv hmab ntawm Novocherkassk lub hnub tseem ceeb ntawm cov txiv hmab nrog sib npaug sib npaug rau tag nrho cov saum toj no-piav qhia. Qhov nruab nrab, lawv ntev yog 3.8 centimeters, thiab dav - txog 2.3 centimeters. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nruab nrab grape berries qhov ceeb thawj yog 12-18 grams. Yog li, qhov no grape yuav suav hais tias yog raws li ib qho ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws ntawm nws cov zoo.
Distinctive nta ntawm ntau yam yog lub elongated-ves duab ntawm cov berries, tab xim nyob rau hauv dawb thiab liab. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias thaum ncav tag nrho kev puas tsuaj, cov txiv hmab ua daj tuaj-liab dawb los yog liab dawb. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub ntom ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm berries yog medium, tab sis nws yog kiag li tsis xav ntsoov thaum lawv noj.
Tus sau ntawm Novocherkassk lub Jubilee siab, thiab vineyard muaj peev xwm dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo txhua xyoo tsis muaj cuam tshuam.
Txawv lub txiaj ntsim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm Novocherkassk lub Jubilee, ib tug yuav tsum tau mloog rau nws cov extraordinary meatiness thiab high content ntawm kua txiv. Qhov ceev ntawm lub pulp ntawm grapes piav yog nruab nrab. Nws zoo nkauj heev thiab sib haum xeeb hauv saj, tsis muaj ib qho tshwj xeeb flavors. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb txaus siab rau cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov berries: thaum lub sij hawm maturation le caag, lub berries sai sai pib poob tag nrho lawv cov acid, kis tau txais kev paub tab txawm ua ntej qhov pib ntawm detachable.
Los ntawm txoj kev, cov suab thaj nyob rau hauv lub pulp ntawm cov berries yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab sib npaug mus 16.8 grams ib 1 cm3. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub acid cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv ib liter ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo kua txiv tsis ntau tshaj 5.9 grams.
Raws li kev siv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no ntau yam, "Hnub ntawm Novocherkassk" yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi mus rau lub rooj. Nws yog qhov kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm txhua lub rooj, feem ntau siv cov zaub mov ncaj qha tshiab. Vim lub richness ntawm grape berries kua txiv, lawv yog cov zoo rau winemaking.
Ob peb lo lus hais txog cov qoob loo ntawm cov txiv hmab "Hnub ntawm Novocherkassk"
Qhov kev txaus siab ntawm no ntau yam tsis yog tsuas yog loj berries thiab pawg, tab sis kuj lawv tus xov tooj.
Raws li twb tau sau, lub grapes yog ripe heev sai sai - thaum ntxov mus rau lub yim hli ntuj, nyob ntawm seb kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub cheeb tsam ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm Bush.
Feem ntau yog qhov vegetative lub sij hawm ntawm no ntau yam tsis kav ntev tshaj 120 hnub. Thaum lub sij hawm no, nrog ib tug zoo load ntawm 22-24 tua ntawm ib tug Bush txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nws muaj peev xwm thov pawg nrog zoo-ripened thiab tau sau berries.
Hais txog lub ntsiab zoo ntawm cov txiv hmab "Novocherkassk hnub tseem ceeb"
Thaum cog ntau yam "Ib qho ntawm Novocherkassk" cov kws lij choj feem ntau cia siab rau grain loj thiab qoob loo tawm los. Qhov thib ob tseem ceeb yog xws li meej mom raws li qhov zoo heev saj ntawm grapes ntawm no ntau yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib qho muaj zog-loj hlob grape Bush yog tseem heev resistant:
- Defeat nrog oidium (hmoov dew) thiab mildew tsis pom thaum lub sij hawm tiv thaiv kev kho mob ntawm grape Bush.
- Cov txiv hmab hauv hav txwv yeem tsis raug cuam tshuam los ntawm Frost nqes mus rau -23 ° C, tab sis yog tias muaj kev txaus ntshai ntawm txo qhov kub kom txo qhov tseem ceeb, nws yuav tsum tau them nws rau lub caij ntuj no tag nrho.
Cov ntau yam tau txais kev faib dav, thiab ib lub sij hawm ntev ntawm kev cia cov qoob loo, nrog rau nws txoj kev haum rau kev thauj mus los.
Cov kev tsis txaus siab ntawm ntau yam: qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau paub rau tus thawj coj
Dua li ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias feem ntau Novocherkassk Jubilee txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau yam yog tsim nyog xav txog ib qho ntawm feem ntau vam meej thiab cog lus rau vaj tsev vaj teb, raws li nws yog ib tug complex-resistant hybrid, nws tseem yuav tsum tau ntau xim ntawm lub grower.
Nyob rau hauv kev, kom tau txais tiag tiag grapes, yam tsis muaj pruning thiab rationing thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm tsim ntawm grapes, lub Bush tsis tau sab laug. Kuj, tsis muaj prophylactic txau, qhov no muaj peev xwm heev sai tau cuam tshuam los ntawm fungal kab mob, yog li depriving koj ntawm qoob loo.
Tsis tas li ntawd, vim lub siab qab zib cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lub berries, no grapes yog heev fond ntawm wasps. Yog li ntawd, txawm tias mob pes tsawg zaus, qhov ntau yuav ua tau los ntawm cov kab no.
Nws tseem yog nyiam kom nyeem txog liab txiv hmab
Cog txiv hmab "Novocherkassk hnub tseem ceeb": yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv tau daim ntawv taw?
Muaj tsis muaj kev paub txog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo cog tsis yog qhov kev txhaum rau kev pab rau cov tub txawg los yog tsawg kawg theoretically. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau them sai sai thiab xav txog cov hauv qab no:
- Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas tsis xav yuam kev cog lub sij hawm txiv hmab. Tseeb, thaum ib tug hluas hnub nyoog, cuttings thiab saplings yog heev ntshai ntawm moors thiab adverse tej yam kev mob. Yog li, qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm rau cog grapes yog nruab nrab-caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thaum huab cua yog twb ua kom sov txog li 15 ° C, thiab cov av muaj kub tsis tshaj + 10ºะก. Feem ntau, lub sij hawm ntawm cog yuav nyob ntawm seb qhov twg koj yuav cog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo: cog los yog cog ntawm lawv tus kheej cov hauv paus hniav. Tseeb, grafting yuav ua tau nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev, ntawm uas muaj cov uas zoo tshaj plaws nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg - grafting ib tug ntsuab txiav mus rau tib lub ntsuab ntsuab. Txawm li ntawd los, nyob rau hauv lub Autumn cog ntawm grapes yuav tsum tau them ntau xim rau nws npog rau lub caij ntuj no.
- Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb sib piv kom nrhiav tau ib qho chaw zoo kom thiaj li cog tau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo Novocherkassk. Qhov no txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog qhov muaj zog thiab yuav tsum tau muaj ntau heev ntawm tshav ntuj thiab kev txhawb nqa zoo kom nws cov qoob loo tuaj yeem tsim tau zoo thiab txav tau. Kuj, nws yog tsim nyog xav tias grapes yog tsuas yog contraindicated drafts thiab txias cua. Yog li ntawd, sab qab teb sab ntawm lub tsev tsev yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws haum rau nws txoj kev tsaws, uas koj tau yooj yim muab ib qho kev them nyiaj yug rau pab nqa ib lub txiv lws zoov.
- Cov av yog tsis yog fastidious grapes, tab sis tseem cov av yuav tsum tau fertile. Tseeb, qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yuav dub av, tab sis lub teeb loam yuav ua haujlwm zoo dhau. Feem ntau cov tseem ceeb, cov av tuaj yeem hla dhau ntawm ya raws thiab tsis khaws nyiaj ntau heev ntawm nws. Tsis tas li, koj yuav tsum faj seeb rau hauv qhov tob hauv av: thaum nqa lawv saum toj 1.5 meters, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb mus khawb ib lub qhov dej los yog ditch, raws li lawv yuav ntxuav lub hauv paus ntawm lub hauv paus ntoo.
Yuav ua li cas npaj lub grapes rau cog?
Tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi ntawm kev cog koj xaiv, koj yuav tsum tau npaj lub grapes rau prematurely. Yog tias koj txiav txim siab cog Novocherkassk lub Jubilee rau koj cov hauv paus hniav, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws yuav ib lub seedling. Tab sis thaum xaiv nws, koj yuav tsum tau xyuam xim: yuav tsum them sai sai rau lub hauv paus system, thiab xaiv ib tug seedling nrog dawb, noj qab haus huv, tsis qhuav keeb kwm.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub seedling yuav tsum muaj ib tug ntsuab txiav. Ntawm chav kawm, lub seedling yuav zus nyob rau nws tus kheej, los ntawm cog lub txiav nyob rau hauv moist av los yog los ntawm xa tawm hauv dej. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, ua ntej cog, nws yog pom zoo kom tuav nws rau ob peb hnub nyob rau hauv dej thiab ua nws txoj kev loj hlob stimulants.
Qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau npaj kom zoo. Thawj zaug ntawm tag nrho cov, qis dua ntawm nws yuav tsum tau txiav, stepping rov qab los ntawm lub qhov muag txo los ntawm 1-2 millimeters. Pruning yog ua nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo li-zoo li tus yam., tsuas yog li ntawd thaum grafting, lean lub txiav mus rau lub rootstock ntau ze. Nws raug nquahu kom paraffin lub sab nrig ntawm qhov txiav nrog ob lub qhov muag los pab khaws quav nyob hauv lawv. Ua li no, lub txiav yog dipped hauv kub paraffin thiab txias hauv dej.
Tab sis hauv kev ua txoj haujlwm no koj yuav tsum tau xyuam xim thiab tshem tawm ntawm daim caum ntawm lub paraffin sai heev kom tsis txhob ua puas nws. Qhov tsawg feem ntawm txiav yog pom zoo los tuav ua ntej grafting nyob rau hauv dej, thiab, raws li tau zoo raws li ib tug seedling, nyob rau hauv stimulator rau paus kev loj hlob.
Lub Tshuag kuj yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb npaj, txij li thaum tom qab tshem tawm ntawm grape Bush nws tseem tsis tau tsim rau grafting. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws yuav raug kho kom zoo thiab tshem tawm txhua yam kev tsis zoo, nrog rau av. Tom qab ntawd, koj yuav tsum pib mus rau nws txoj kev faib. Ua li no, siv hatchet ntse heev thiab ib tug rauj. Cov fissure yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav loj, vim qhov no yuav ua rau lub neej tsis zoo ntawm cov Tshuag.
Grape sapling - kom cog
Qhov aub tsiv rau ib qho kev yub me me tsis tas yuav khawb ib qho loj, vim nws tsis muaj cov hauv paus loj. Txawm li ntawd los, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los bury organic teeb meem tov nrog cov av, uas yuav tsim kho qhov kev loj hlob ntawm seedling. Yuav tsum muaj ib txheej ntawm non-fertilized av tshaj lub chiv.
Tom qab tso cov chiv hauv qhov dej, qhov sapling nws tus kheej yog qis. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tawm hauv paus ntseg tsho saum npoo thiab npog nws heev kom zoo zoo, saib xyuas kom tsis txhob puas keeb kwm. Tom qab lub grape seedling yog faus, nws yuav tsum tau tshaj dej nrog txog 20-25 liv dej. Cov av tom qab ob peb hnub tom qab cog thiab watering yuav tsum tau mulched.
Grafting txiv hmab txiv ntoo txiav "Ib qho ntawm Novocherkassk"
- Ib cov quav txha npaj yog muab tso rau hauv qhov kev faib ntawm cov Tshuag Tshaj, xa mus rau hauv nws tsuas yog nrog kev txiav tawm thiaj li kom cov neeg peephole tawm ntawm qhov chaw. Cov chaw ntaws yuav tsum khawm tuav tus pas nrig.
- Shtamb yuav tsum tau rub tawm nruj heev uas yuav tuaj yeem ua rau xyoo tom ntej. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov graft feem ntau yog smeared nrog ntub av nplaum los yog roj hmab kom ntub nyob rau hauv lub rootstock rau ntev.
- Tom qab grafting, lub boles kuj tseem hnyav watered.
Yog hais tias tus Tshuag yog heev loj, tsis yog ib tug, tab sis ob peb cuttings yuav muab tso rau hauv nws cais. Qhov no yuav tau txais ib tsob ntoo loj heev.
Kev tu Novocherkassk lub hnub qub: Cov lus teb rau lo lus nug ntawm Yuav ua li cas kom Paub meej Grape Yields
Piav txog qhov tsis muaj teeb meem ntawm ntau yam, peb twb tau hais tias nws yuav siv sij hawm qee yam los ua kom tau zoo yields los ntawm cov grower. Tag nrho cov no siv rau kev saib xyuas kom zoo thiab tsis tu ncua.
Watering ib tug grape Bush ntau yam "Ib qho ntawm Novocherkassk" nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau nqa tsawg kawg 2 zaug thaum lub sijhawm vegetative. Qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua ntej thiab tom qab nkag ntawm Bush nyob rau hauv lub flowering lub sij hawm. Yog li, nws yog ua tau rau muab nws nrog cov qib siab ntawm noo noo rau tsim ntawm ib tug yav tom ntej qoob loo. Thaum lub sij hawm ntev ntawm drought, lub grapes yog txawm pom zoo ntxiv dej, yog tias nws muaj peev xwm significantly shred nws cov berries.
Tom qab watering, cov av ib ncig ntawm lub grapes feem ntau yog mulched nrog cov organic chiv. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv rau no humus, hlua nws nyob rau hauv ib tug ze-thoob voj voog 3 centimeters tuab. Mulch, ntxiv rau tuav noo noo nyob rau hauv cov av thiab npog nws thaum lub sij hawm Frost, kuj ua hauj lwm pab raws li ib qho zoo hnav khaub ncaws rau lub grape Bush. Tab sis, dhau li ntawd cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo organic, nws yog pom zoo kom ua pob zeb hauv av chiv nplua nuj nyob rau hauv poov tshuaj thiab phosphorus.
Pruning grapes: tswv yim thiab tricks
Nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim rau lub grapes kom dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo dua, lub vine yuav zoo muab sau nrog cov khoom tsim nyog nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau txiav tawm kom tsis tu ncua. Qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg los yog thaum ntxov thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Nws yog qib siab kom tawm mus txog 24 tua ntawm ib qho me me, thau nws nrog qhov siab tshaj ntawm ob lub qhov muag. Shortening lub vine tseem tsim nyog txhua xyoo, tshem tawm mus rau ob lub raum. Tus duab ntawm Bush yog zoo dua xaiv lub kiv cua uas yuav ua rau nws yooj yim dua tu nws.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm grapes nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau nqa tawm rationing. Tsuas yog ib pawg yuav tsum poob rau ntawm ib qho tua.
Ntxiv grape tsis kam mus rau Frost
Npog cov txiv hmab hauv hav zoov rau lub caij txias thiab txias kuj tseem ceeb, vim hais tias thaum kub poob qis dua -23 ° C, nws cov ntoo raug kev txom nyem heev. Rau qhov no koj tuaj yeem siv cov cuab yeej sib txawv thiab cov khoom siv. Zoo suited stitching ntawm burlap ib daim hlab, koj muaj peev xwm snatch lub vine nrog quav nyab thiab npog nws nrog av. Nrog rau kev hem thawj ntawm tsawg kub, lub grapes yog zoo tshaj plaws muab tso rau hauv hauv av kom meej thiab them nrog av.
Av yog them nrog young saplings thiab grafted cuttings. Ua li no, tshaj ib tug txiv neej grapes teem ib co keg los yog tub, uas tsis muaj qab. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no yog lub nkoj uas muaj cov av, txuag cov txiv hmab kom txog thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
Yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv cov txiv hmab los ntawm tus kab mob?
Txij li thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau sprinkle kiag li tag nrho ntawm grape Bush. Dua li ntawm qhov tseeb tias qhov no muaj ntau yam ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tsis txaus ntseeg, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev lag luam muaj zog thiab cov mildew tseem nyob. Yog li ntawd, 2-3 tshuaj yeem zoo nyob rau hauv ib lub caij: 1-2 ua ntej lub Bush nkag lub flowering lub sij hawm, thiab 1 tom qab lub peas pib rau ntawm pawg. Tshuaj herbicides yog siv yeeb tshuaj, xa mus rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov kab mob tshwj xeeb.
