Hauv koj txoj kev npau suav, tej zaum koj ntau tshaj ib zaug plunged rau hauv lub vaj tsev nplua nuj, uas yuav tsum ncav ntawm koj lub tsev me. Thiab yog hais tias lub tebchaws tsis zoo rau lub vaj, yuav ua li cas koj nyiam?
Txhua tus neeg tua kab yuav tsis zoo li tsis muaj cherry. Qhov kev zoo nkauj no yuav zoo siab rau koj nrog nws cov paj nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thiab thaum lub caij ntuj sov nws yuav xav tsis thoob koj nrog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj kua.
Muaj coob tus yuav hais tias nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom loj hlob ib tug zoo tsim Cherry nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Moscow. Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, peb qhia - nws tsis yog. Qhov loj daim card yog xaiv cov tsim nyog ntau yam ntawm cherries rau cog. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev saib xyuas cov huab cua thiab tej huab cua muaj kev kub ntxhov.
Cov xwm txheej hauv cheeb tsam nroog Moscow
Thaum xaiv ib tug Cherry, peb pom zoo kom them tshwj xeeb mloog mus rau lub caij ntuj no tsis kam thiab Frost tsis kam ntawm ib tug ntau yam. Nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau qhia kom meej tias cov no yog ob yam zoo sib xws, tiam sis tsis zoo tib yam.
Raws li lub caij ntuj no hardiness hais txog lub peev xwm ntawm tsob ntoo lossis nroj tsuag kom tiv tsis zoo thaj chaw: Frost, icing, thiab li on.
Tab sis rau peb cheeb tsam, Frost tsis kam ntawm tsob ntoo kuj yuav tsum tau, uas yog, lub peev xwm ntawm lub nroj tsuag mus rau withstand critically tsawg kub, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no nws yuav poob rau-35 thiab qis dua.
Lwm qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov sib txawv ntawm ntau yam. los tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kab mob: ua ntej txhua yam coccomycosis thiab moniliasis. Cov no yog cov feem ntau cov kab mob ntawm cherries nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Moscow.
Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom sib ntaus cov kab mob uas tsis siv cov tshuaj tua kab; yog li ntawd, nws yog zoo dua mus sim xaiv ntau yam ntawm cherries uas yog resistant rau xws fungal kab mob. Luv luv txog cov kab mob fungal.
Coccomycosis thiab Moniliasis. Yog hais tias ib tsob ntoo muaj tus kab mob ntawm coccomycosis, tom qab ntawd nws cov nplooj pib daj tuaj mus rau dub hnav thiab sai sai poob tawm. Nrog moniliose, nws tsis yog nplooj uas txom nyem, tab sis lub berries. Lawv them nrog ib tug dawb cobweb, zoo li ib tug Bloom, thiab pib rot - xws li txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis tau noj.
Tam sim no cia peb tham txog ntau yam ntawm cherries, uas yog zoo tshaj plaws yoog mus nyob thiab loj hlob nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Moscow.
Cherry ntau yam "Apukhtinskaya"
Tsob Ntoo ntawm no tsi tsawg, tsuas yog 2.5-3 m siab, loj hlob raws li ib tug shrub, muaj ob peb qis skeletal ceg. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog xim liab hauv xim, loj heev thiab zoo li lub plawv. Nws qab qab zib thiab qaub, tab sis yoojyim kev ntsim siab tom qab.
Nws yog ib tug ntau yam lig, nws flowering pib nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov lub caij ntuj sov, thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripen los ntawm kawg ntawm lub yim hli ntuj. Tsob ntoo yog lub caij ntuj no heev thiab tiv thaiv ua coccomycosis. Tom qab flowering yog ib hom ntawm kev tuav pov hwm tawm tsam lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav frosts, high yields.
Fruiting pib nyob rau hauv ob xyoo tom qab cog thiab samoploden ntau yam. Cherry txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj ntau txoj kab uas txhawb cov ntshav muaj thiab tswj cov theem ntawm cov hlau thiab hemoglobin.
Tab sis, kuj, muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm ntau yam. Tom qab ub flowering yog ob qho tib si ib tug tsis zoo thiab ib qho kom zoo dua, txij li xws li ib tug ntau yam tsis tau siv rau Cross-pollination. Lig ripening yuav ua rau lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg ntawm berries, yog hais tias Autumn tuaj dhau lawm sharply.
Peb kuj tseem ceeb qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cog cherries. Txij li thaum Cherry yog ib lub pob zeb tsob ntoo, nws hlub tshav kub thiab hnub, thiab yog li ntawd qhov chaw yuav tsum tau xaiv nyob rau yav qab teb los yog sab qab teb-thaj chaw ua si ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab hauv av yuav tsum tsis txhob nyob ze tshaj li 2.5m mus rau saum npoo ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Seedlings yog cov zoo tshaj plaws xaiv ob xyoos, nrog rau lub hauv paus tsim, thiab tsaws nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub Cuaj Hli.
Nws tseem yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tau nco ntsoov lub txiaj ntsim ntawm kev saib xyuas rau xws li ib tug Cherry. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau unpretentious cherries, nrog luag tsis muaj teeb meem. Cov chiv kom yuav tsum tau ua thaum cog: organic (quav tsiaj, nplooj lwg) thiab ntxhia (superphosphates thiab potash). Tom qab ntawd nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau fertilize lub teb chaws txhua 3 xyoo.
Nws yog tsim nyog rau dej cherries sai li sai tau tom qab cog, thiab ces nws muaj ntuj nag ntau txaus. Tsuas yog thaum lub caij drought ntxiv dej siv. Pruning yuav tsum pib sai sai tom qab cog, tawm tsuas yog 4-5 ceg mus rau ib tug crown, nyob rau ntawm ib tug deb ntawm yam tsawg kawg 40 cm los ntawm hauv paus funnel, tom ntej pruning yog nqa tawm txhua txhua tus Autumn thiaj li hais tias crown yog tsis heev thiab muaj ib tug zoo sau.
Txog ntau yam "Lyubskaya"
Ib qho ntawm cov hiob ntau yam ntawm Cherry, uas yog zus nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam hauv cheeb tsam ntawm Russia, nws txoj kev kawm pib pib nyob rau hauv lub 40s ntawm lub xyoo pua twentieth.
Ib tug neeg laus ntoo nyob rau hauv qhov siab ncav 2.5-3 meters, uas tsis xav tau cov cuab yeej ntxiv rau kev sau qoob.
Lub crown ntawm cherries yog kis, tab sis tsis tuab, thiab qhov no yuav tsum tau siv zog tsawg zog thaum pruning. Cov tawv ntoo muaj xim grey-xim av thiab zom ntsa, thiab cov ceg ntawm ib txoj hlua khov ntev los ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm kaum ntawm kaum plaub. Nyob rau hauv cov xim, lub berries yog maub liab, thiab xim saturation nyob ntawm tus nqi ntawm noo noo thiab cua sov.
Cov nqaij yog qab zib thiab qaub, tab sis tom qab tsis tshua qaub, uas muaj ntau yam tsis nyiam, yog li lawv xav muab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau kev ua: wine, compotes los yog jam.
Qhov loj tshaj qhov zoo ntawm no ntau yam: high yield, cov ntoo pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo twb muaj hnub nyoog 2-3 xyoos, thiab thaum muaj hnub nyoog 8-9 xyoos lawv nkag tag nrho cov peev xwm. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov zoo thauj thiab tsis poob qhov.
Ib tug ntau tshaj plaws - qhov no samoplodnaya Cherry, uas txhais tau hais tias nws muaj peev xwm yuav cog tsis tau lub hom phiaj ntawm cov neeg nyob sib ze. Siab tawm los thiab lig flowering tseem nyiam cov xim ntawm gardeners ntawm Moscow cheeb tsam mus rau lub "Lyubskaya" kev zoo nkauj.
Txawm li cas los, nws tsis ua yam tsis muaj kev xav ntawm cov cherries. Vim hais tias ntawm cov qauv saum npoo av, tsob ntoo tau kub hnyiab thaum lub sij hawm loj heev uas yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv. Nws tseem txo tau lub peev xwm ntawm Cherry los tiv thaiv fungal mob.
Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias Lub Chais Cherry tsis yog lub vaj tus neeg dim, txij li qhov nruab nrab nws nyob thiab ua txiv hmab txiv ntoo mus txog 18 xyoo thiab tsuas yog nrog tu zoo nws yuav ua tau kom ntev ntev mus txog 20-25 xyoos.
Them nyiaj tshwj xeeb kom paub meej txog kev cog thiab kev saib xyuas. Thaum cog, nco ntsoov tias qhov no Cherry yog heev xav tau nyob rau hauv cov av - nco ntsoov tias cov av nyob rau hauv koj lub vaj teb yog tsis acidic, pub kom koj yuav tsum tau mus rau txias nws.
Ntxiv ib tug ntau ntawm cov organic fertilizer, tab sis txhob ntxiv ntau cov tshuaj chiv - nws tsis nyiam ntawd.
Watering yuav tsum sim - dej yuav tsum tsis stagnate nyob ze lub keeb kwm. Cherry suab tsis tau pruning, txawm li cas los, muab qhov tsis zoo heev lub caij ntuj no hardiness, nws cov keeb kwm yuav tsum tau them rau lub caij ntuj no.
Tam sim no hais txog ntau yam "Cov Hluas"
Qhov no ntau yam yog bred hauv 1996 by hla ob lwm yam: Lyubskaya thiab Vladimirskaya.
Ntawm lub ntsiab sab nraud cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntau yam yog cov nram qab no: tus cherry yuav muaj ob tsob ntoo thiab ib daim npav ntawm nplooj ntoo; qhov ntau yam yog medium siab, qhov siab ntawm ib tsob ntoo laus yog tsis muaj ntau tshaj 2.5 meters, thiab qhov nruab nrab ripening lub sij hawm (lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripen los ntawm kawg ntawm Lub Xya hli ntuj).
Cov nplooj yog tsaus ntsuab nrog ib tug qhia tau skeletal paus. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm maub liab xim nrog muaj kua pulp, qab zib-qaub on saj. Tshaj tawm, qhov no Cherry yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom noj tshiab - yuav muaj ntau yam txiaj ntsig.
Ntawm cov peev xwm ntawm ntau yam yuav tau sau tseg high yield (txhua xyoo), tsis kam mus rau lub caij ntuj no frosts, ncaj theem siab ntawm tsis kam mus rau fungal kab mob, undemanding kom tu.
Tab sis nws cov weaknesses yog manifested nyob rau hauv txaus lub caij ntuj no-tsis kam ntawm paj thiab medium tsis kam mus rau fungal kab mob. Nws yog tsim nyog them nqi rau lub ntsiab lus kawg, raws li thaum lub caij sov thiab lub caij ntuj sov, nws muaj peev xwm hais tias cov kab mob no tsim.
Kev sib sau ua ke ntawm tag nrho cov ntsiab lus tau piav meej txog qhov nuances thaum cog thiab tu cov nroj tsuag. Thaum koj txiav txim siab cog qoob loo Molodyozhnaya ntau lub lauj kaub, xaiv ib lub tshav ntuj ntawm lub toj siab kom lub cua txias tsis nyob rau hauv cov hauv paus hniav. Rau qhov no, Sandy loam av nrog zoo dej thiab cua aeration yog haum. Cov av yuav tsum yog nruab nrab (non-acidic).
Tsis txhob hnov qab tias kom tiv thaiv tau frostbite, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov vaj tse nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tub ntxhais hluas, thiab koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tau nqa nrog ntau watering. Pruning yog nqa tawm 2 zaug ntawm ib lub xyoo, nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab Autumn: thawj, rau ib tug crown, ces tsuas yog mus rau tshem cov qub ceg.
Cherry ntau yam "Turgenevka"
Qhov ntau yam yog bred los ntawm natural yug me nyuam los ntawm Zhukovskaya ntau yam thiab yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrov nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Moscow.
Ib tug neeg laus tuaj yeem nce mus txog 3 meters, thiab cov duab ntawm lub yas yuav zoo li lub hauv pauv. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo pib ripen nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm Lub Xya hli ntuj, uas tso cai rau lawv siav zoo zoo thiab tsis crumble.
Bordeaux berries yog lub plawv-puab, lub pulp yog muaj kua thiab Sweet-qaub rau saj. Yog hais tias lub caij ntuj sov yog heev hnub ci thiab nrog ib tug txaus tus nqi ntawm noo noo, lub acidity yog yuav luag tsis xav.
Qhov zoo ntawm ntau yam yog: high tawm los, tsis kam mus rau coccomycosis, loj berries uas zam kev thauj mus los, thiab kam rau siab mus rau Frost.
Cov kev tsis zoo muaj xws li: kev ua siab tsis kam ntawm nplooj te rau paj los ntawm ob lub raum, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov nyiaj ntawm qoob loo. Tsob ntoo muaj ib tug tsawg theem ntawm tus kheej-pollination, yog li ntawd nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los cog pollinating ntau yam nyob ze, piv txwv li, Lyubskaya los yog Molodezhnaya.
Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg xws li nta ntawm cog thiab kev kho mob rau cherries:
- tsis cog ib tsob ntoo hauv ib sab nraud, ua rau muaj qhov teeb meem thaum kub kub, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov neeg pluag yield;
- them sai sai rau lub vaj tse ntawm tsob ntoo rau lub caij ntuj no - nws yuav pab tau kom cov tawv ntoo tsis zoo los ntawm kab tsuag thiab kab mob;
- thaum lub sij hawm fruiting lub sij hawm, cherries yuav tsum tau ntxiv dej, txij li thaum lub berries yuav noj ntau tshaj cov dej thiab muab kev pab cuam;
- Lub meej ntawm crown puab yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv pruning qhov tsawg theem ntawm ceg, txij li thaum lawv muaj peev xwm tsim ib nplooj ntom nplooj ntoos thiab yuav tsis cia lub berries pib khi.
Peb tau sau cov feem ntau ntau yam ntawm cherries uas zus nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Moscow, txawm li ntawd los, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ua raws li cov kev cai dav dav ntawm cultivation hauv thaj av ntawd.
Cov cai tswj kev cog qoob loo loj hlob hauv cheeb tsam Moscow
- Rau ib qho kev vam meej cog qoob cog, xaiv qhov chaw uas yuav muaj ntau ntau lub hnub, ntawm qhov nce, hauv av yuav tsum nyob rau ntawm ib theem siab tshaj li 2.5 meters, thiab cov av yuav tsis nruab nrab.
- Nws yog tsim nyog rau dej lub Cherry tsawg kawg thaum lub sij hawm xws li: nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, thaum nplooj yuav poob, ua ntej flowering thiab tom qab flowering.
- Fertilize cov av yuav tsum nyob rau ntawm ua ke ntawm ib zaug txhua 3 xyoo - qhov no yog siv rau cov organic chiv, thiab pob zeb hauv av yuav tsum tau replenished txhua txhua xyoo.
- Pib pruning sai sai tom qab cog, ces koj muaj peev xwm ua nws 3 lub sij hawm ib lub xyoo rau tsim lub crown thiab tsis txhob ntev ceg tuab.
- Nco ntsoov, txawm hais tias koj xaiv ib tug frost-resistant thiab lub caij ntuj sov-resistant ntau yam, npog cov ntoo rau lub caij ntuj no thiab whiten lub bark ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 50 cm los ntawm hauv av. Qhov no yuav tiv thaiv tau frostbite, tiv thaiv cov kab mob thiab kab tsuag.
