Hais txog colonic plums, ntau tus neeg hnov thawj zaug. Tab sis paub cov gardeners twb tau tswj kom txaus siab no compact thiab heev tsim hom plum ntoo.
Tom qab tag nrho, nws lub ntsiab zoo dua yog precisely qhaj ntawv ntawm lush ceg thiab ib tug dav crown. Peb yuav sim ntau li ntau tau kom paub koj nrog no plums zoo.
Dab tsi yog li tshwj xeeb txog colonic plums?
Kev luam thiab cog ntawm plums los ntawm columnar tshwm ntau tom qab tshaj ntawm reproduction ntawm columnar txiv apples thiab pears. Qhov no yog vim li cas rau cov tsis muaj ras txog ntawm lub neej ntawm no hom plum nrog ntau gardeners. Yuav ua li cas yog txoj kev no ntau yam ntawm plum twb bred thiab dab tsi yog nws?
Lub keeb kwm ntawm columnar ntoo
Kolonovidnye ntoo tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib tsoo. Hauv particular, rov qab rau hauv 60s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, ib tug American breeder pom ceg ntoo ntawm Macintosh Kua ntoo zoo nkauj heev.
Nws zoo nkauj dua li lwm tus neeg, loj hlob zuj zus thiab tau them nrog ib plentiful amount of txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Lawm, tus kws tshawb fawb tau sim tawm propagate no ceg, thiab tom qab 2 xyoos nws tswj kom tau ntau thiab loj harvests los ntawm cov me me ntoo. Yog li, thawj ntau yam ntawm columnar Apple Leader yug.
Muaj raws li kev cog lus li cas cog vaj teb-puab vaj cov ntoo yuav muaj txiaj ntsim, zaum tau tsim ib tug columnar pear thiab columnar plum, ntau yam uas peb yuav piav qhia hauv qab no.
Yog li, colonic plums tsis yog ntawm kev yug me nyuam los yog kev kho noob caj noob ces. Tsob ntoo sab yog yooj yim ntuj hloov, uas tau pom thiab tau ntse los ntawm tib neeg.
Nqe lus piav txog cov ncej qab
Cov kab zauv tshwm tuaj yeem tau piav raws li ib tsob ntoo me me, nrog ib qho underdeveloped crown thiab nrog tsis muaj ceg. Nws crown yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug nqaim pyramid. Cov crown no muaj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov nplhaib, uas muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj cov qoob loo loj thiab ntau cov qoob loo, uas muaj lwm yam siab plum ntoo tuaj yeem khib.
Txawm tias muaj tseeb tias tsob ntoo zoo nkaus li zoo heev, nws cov ntoo yog ruaj ruaj. Hauv particular, nws muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv tau tawm los ntawm 6 mus rau 12 kilograms (tab sis nws yog tseem muaj nqis tying li cov ntoo).
Lub plab columnar yog cov xeeb ntxwv ntawm nws cov precociousness: qhov no tsob ntoo tuaj yeem coj thawj qoob loo 2 xyoos tom qab cog.
Kev tsim tau thaum thawj 6-7 xyoo yog tas li ntxiv, ntxiv mus, txawm rau 7-10 xyoo nws tseem nyob theem siab tshaj plaws. Thiab thaum muaj hnub nyoog 13-17 xyoo lub tsob ntoo nres ua cov qoob loo, tab sis tsob ntoo nws tus kheej tau kho koj lub vaj ntev ntev.
Colony-puab plum ntau "Imperial"
Qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm ntau yam yog nws unusually six thiab loj plums. Nyob rau hauv lawv cov loj, lawv tawm hauv qab tag nrho cov loj tshaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov plums txawv, txij li thaum nyob rau nruab nrab ib tug txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm plum "Imperial" hnyav 55 grams.
Cov duab ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog sib npaug. Lub hauv paus ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog me ntsis dav tshaj qhov tseem ceeb thiab tseem muaj lub me me ua si. Sab saum toj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo me ntsis nyuaj siab. Cov tawv nqaij yog tuab heev hauv nws cov qauv, tab sis tsis cuam tshuam rau qhov yooj yim saj ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Xim plums "Imperial" tej zaum yuav txawv. Pink-liab txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov feem ntau, tab sis muaj plums nrog xim av xim liab.
Cov nqaij ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog ib qho yooj yim amazing rau nws saj. Nws muaj xim daj thiab xim heev, muaj ntau npaum li cas kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Cov khoom ntawm lub pulp muaj ib qho loj txaus ntawm sugars, uas tso cai rau lub tasters rau muab tso rau qib sab saum toj qhwv rau saj ntawm nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Raws li nws lub hom phiaj, plums yog haum ob qho tib si rau tshiab tau noj thiab rau canning.
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm ripening ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm lub colony-puab plum "Imperial" yog nruab nrab. Qhov ntau Qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshem tawm yog nruab nrab-Lub yim hli ntuj..
Tsob ntoo ntawm plum ntau "Imperial", zoo li hais tias ntawm lwm columnar ntau yam, muaj ib tug heev zog txoj kev loj hlob. Fruiting tsob ntoo nce mus txog qhov siab tsuas yog 1.5-2 meters. Cov yas muaj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, uas yog vim li cas nws muaj qhov sib txuam thiab compact.
Tab sis tseem, qhov me me ntawm tsob ntoo tsis tiv thaiv nws los ntawm coj ntau cov qoob loo, rau cov uas ntau yam muaj nuj nqis. Tsob ntoo tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv fruiting nyob rau hauv ob xyoo tom qab cog. Qoob loo tuaj yeem thov txog li 15-17 xyoo.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws thaum cog no ntau yam yog cov nplua mais ntawm fruiting thiab compactness ntawm tsob ntoo nws tus kheej. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim lub compactness ntawm tsob ntoo yog ntau yooj yim dua raws li txoj kev ntawm tu tus ntoo, thiab harvesting txheej txheem.
Lub imperial "konorovidnaya" pruning yog suab tsis xav tau, tsuas yog puas thiab tawg ceg yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no ntau yam yog heev loj thiab six, tab sis vim nws tuab daim tawv lawv lawv yuav thauj mus ntev ntev.
Qhov ntau yam yog skoroplodny. Haum rau cultivation nyob rau hauv vaj teb thiab nyob rau hauv lub tsev thaj av.
Qaug zog thiab me me ntoo yuav tsum muaj qhov qub qabtxwv tsis pub nws yuav khoov tshaj qhov nyhav ntawm nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho teeb meem uas tsis tshua muaj qhov kub thiab yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo thiab npaj txhij rau lub caij ntuj no. Lub caij ntuj no seedlings yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyuaj mus zam, yog li lawv yuav tsum tau them ua ntej qhov pib ntawm huab cua txias.
Cov kev tsis pom zoo muaj xws li qhov tseeb uas twb yog thawj xyoo tom qab cog tsob ntoo tuaj yeem pib tawg tuaj. Txawm li ntawd los, nyob rau lub sij hawm no koj yuav tsum tsis txhob xyiv fab, vim hais tias xws li ib tug thaum ntxov sau tau zoo heev deplete tsob ntoo, uas yog vim li cas thawj flowering yog qhia kom tuaj tawm.
Nws tseem yog nthuav mus nyeem txog kev saib xyuas thiab cog ntawm tus kheej-fruited ntau yam ntawm plums.
Blue Sweet Collar Variety
Qhov loj ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm ntau yam "Blue Sweet" delights txawm tshaj plaws tshaj plaws gardeners. Lawv lub cev nyhav feem ntau nce mus txog 75 gram. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm ntau yam no muaj xim tsaus nti, vim li cas lawv thiaj tshwm dub.
Nyob rau hauv cov duab, cov plums yog oval, me ntsis flattened. Daim tawv nqaij yog ntom, nws kuj muaj ib tug heev muaj zog quav ciab. Yog yam ntxwv kuj hypodermic ntsiab lus, lawv yog cov me me loj me me, tab sis lawv muaj ntau cov lus.
Lub pulp ntawm plums "Blue Sweet" muaj xim daj lossis xim liab (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ze ntawm daim tawv nqaij), nws muaj ib qho loj ntawm kua txiv. Lub saj ntawm pulp - Sweet thiab qaubtau ua kom zoo dua.
Qhov loj ntawm lub pob zeb yog heev yooj yim sib cais los ntawm lub pulp. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb, yuav siv tau cov zaub mov tshiab thiab kev ua haujlwm rau ntau lub compotes, jams, jams.
Mature txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no ntau yam nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub yim hli ntuj.
Lawm, tsob ntoo ntawm no ntau yam yog tsis loj. Tshaj plaws qhov siab tus neeg laus muaj peev xwm tsob ntoo tsuas yog 2.2 meters. Lub crown muaj qhov nqaim pyramidal thiab ncav lub siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub voj voog 70-90 centimeters.
Li no, tsob ntoo yog compact thiab heev xis nyob rau hauv teb. Cov ceg ntawm tsob ntoo yog nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo-kev coj tus kheej spears thiab ringworms, uas yog thickly them nrog txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm fruiting.
Tawm Qib no yog siab, nyob rau hauv ib lub caij tso cai rau koj sau txog 12-15 kilograms cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj. Tsob ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo muaj zog txaus kom tiv tau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tab sis ntau tshaj kev tu thiab thawb lub plum rau tus ceg txheem ntseeg yuav txo qhov load ntawm tsob ntoo thiab cawm koj ntawm qhov teeb meem.
Nws kuj yog tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov zaus ntawm fruiting rau ntau yam no yog xyaum tsis tau pom, uas yog ensured los ntawm qhov tseeb tias fruiting on kolchatka muaj peev xwm alternate.
Zoo nkauj, loj thiab cua ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm zoo zog saj yog lub ntsiab zoo ntawm ntau yam "Blue Sweet". Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis tau tsuas yog ib qho kev nthuav qhia zoo xwb, tab sis kuj tsim nyog rau kev thauj mus los tsawg tshaj plaws.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias tsob ntoo compact tso cai rau koj mloog zoo rau ib qho chaw me me ntawm vaj tse nplua nuj, uas yuav tsum tsis muaj kev txij nkawm thiab muaj tswv yim zoo thaum muab ntxig.
Varietal varietal, coj yields nyob rau hauv ob xyoo ntawm txoj kev loj hlob. Cov tsis kam ntawm ntau yam mus rau Frost yog high school, tab sis nws yog ib qhov inferior mus rau siab sib luag.
Plum "Blue Sweet" tsis txawj ntawm tus kheej-pollinationRau lub hom phiaj no, nws raug pom zoo kom siv paj ntoos los ntawm ntau hom ntawm plum li "Stanley" los yog "Blue Free". Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, sab saum toj ntawm ib tsob ntoo muaj peev xwm feem ntau txom nyem los ntawm Frost, raws li ib tug ntawm uas nws muaj peev xwm faib nyob rau hauv ob, uas tsim ib tug ntau ntawm teeb meem los kho lub qub cov duab ntawm lub crown ntawm tsob ntoo.
Nyob rau hauv no ntau yam, zoo li lub plum "Imperial" feem ntau Bloom nyob rau hauv lub xyoo ntawm nws cog. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum tau zoo heev saib xyuas tus mob ntawm tsob ntoo thiab, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, txiav tawm tag nrho cov flowering.
Yuav ua li cas los tu rau lub columnar plum
Pruning pruning ntoo
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm pruning, koj yuav tsis tau mus thab ntau dhau lawm, txij thaum lub ntsiab lus columnar tsis xav tau nws, thiab txawm cov txheej xwm tuav yuav tsis coj ntau teeb meem.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua tib zoo saib xyuas kev loj hlob ntawm cov saum thiab xyuas kom meej tias lub caij ntuj no frosts tsis puas nws. Yog hais tias txhua yam yog nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim nrog nws, ces thaum lub sij hawm ib tug loj hlob rau lub caij tsuas yog ib qho tua yuav tsim los ntawm nws, uas yuav yog ib tug txuas ntxiv ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau tus neeg xyuas pib tshwm competitors nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm 2 los yog 3 tua. Yog hais tias lawv tsis raug muab tshem tawm, lub crown yuav tsis tsim kom raug, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm horns. Yog li ntawd, los ntawm cov tawm tsam competitors yuav tsum xaiv ib qho ntawm feem ntau tsim, thiab so rau tshem tawm.
Pruning kuj yuav nqa tawm nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav graft tua mus rau rootstocks ntawm lwm cov ntoo. Ib ceg kuj tuaj yeem raug muab coj los rau hauv cov pob zeb ntawm cov plums zoo tib yam.. Rau qhov no, 15 los sis 20 centimeter tua raug siv.
Peb fertilize lub columnar plum
Nyob rau hauv chiv, lub columnar tsob ntoo tsis yog tshwj xeeb tshaj li whimsical, tab sis yuav tsum noj tsis tu ncua. From pib ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav rau lig Autumn, lub columnar plum yuav tsum tau pub rau peb zaug nrog urea. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, tsuas yog 50 grams ntawm fertilizer yog siv rau 10 liv dej.
Ib tsob ntoo yog 2 liters ntawm cov kua dej. Pub noj yog nqa tawm nrog cov nram qab no zaus:
- 1st - tom qab lub tshauv ntawm ib tsob ntoo thiab nws nkag mus rau hauv lub caij loj hlob;
- Thib ob - ob lub lim tiam tom qab thawj zaug;
- 3 - nyob rau hauv lwm ob lub lim tiam.
Nyob rau hauv ob xyoo ntawm kev loj hlob, tus txheej txheem ntawm tsim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm hauv paus system ntawm ib tsob ntoo yuav stimulated artificially nrog kev pab los ntawm ntxiv-paus pub. Rau qhov no, ib qho tshuaj ntawm ib qho tshuaj xws li heteroozin yog feem ntau siv.
Nws yog qhov tsim nyog vim twb tau nyob rau hauv ob xyoo tsob ntoo muaj peev xwm dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab yuav kom tsim cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo, nws yuav tsum nqus cov as-ham ntawm cov av ua kom sib luag, thiab qhov no yog ua kom yooj yim los ntawm lub hauv paus loj.
Lub caij ntuj sov (ua ntej ib nrab ntawm Lub Rau Hli) thiab hnav khaub ncaws hnav tuaj yeem kuj muaj xws li dej tsob ntoo nrog slurry. Koj tseem tuaj yeem siv cov ntsev rau hauv kev sib tw ntawm 1 tbsp. on 1 thoob dej.
Tam sim no txog kev ywg dej
Koj yuav tsum tau ywg dej txhua hnub., tswj lub xeev ntawm cov av noo noo. Thaum dab tsi, nws yuav tsum tau ua ob qho tag nrho nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov thiab Autumn. Kev tu dej feem ntau yog nqa tawm tsis pub ntau tshaj li ib hlis ib zaug, tab sis nrog cov kev ua kom muaj zog, cov sij hawm raug txo.
Kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Colonlike plums yog txaus resistant mus rau tus kab mob thiab ntau yam pests.
Txawm li cas los xij, yog hais tias tsob ntoo tsis muaj chiv, dej, los yog raug cuam tshuam los ntawm Frost, nws yuav ua rau mob heev. Yog li ntawd, lawv tau pom zoo los kho cov tshuaj tua kab mob nrog kev pab los ntawm kev npaj npaj rau cov dej ntshiab.
Los ntawm txau, nws tseem ua tau kom tag nrho cov tawm los.
Npaj ib tsob ntoo rau lub caij ntuj no
Colonic tawm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum muaj hnub nyoog ntawm 1-2 xyoo yog heev ntshai tsawg kawg thiab yog li ntawd yuav tsum tau ntau xim. Rau lub caij ntuj no, koj yuav tsum tau npaj cov ntoo zoo, siv txhua yam txhais tau tias ntawm tes.
Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los qhwv lub cev ntawm tsob ntoo nrog tshiab daus, thiab nyob rau nws mus rau nteg ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm straw, quav nyab, ntoo ntoo ceg. Xws li kev ntsuas yuav txuag lub plum tsis tsuas yog los ntawm cov khaub thuas, tab sis kuj los ntawm ntau nas, nws qab los noj mov yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog mob siab nrog qhov pib ntawm snow thiab snow.
Cov cai thiab cov qauv ntawm cov colony plum cog
Yuav ua li cas xaiv ib sapling
Kem-puab seedling yog zoo dua mus xaiv ib lub xyoo. Tom qab tag nrho, ib tsob ntoo muaj ntau dua yuav siv sij hawm ntev dua thiab nyuaj rau noj cov hauv paus mus rau qhov chaw tshiab, nws tuaj yeem raug cov kab mob. Ntseeg zoo heev koj yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam lub hauv paus system ntawm seedling thiab xaiv ib tsob ntoo nrog noj qab haus huv thiab tsis qhuav keeb kwm, pub kom lub tsob ntoo yuav tsis txais.
Layout ntawm lub phab ntsa colonic ntawm plums
Qhov deb ntawm ob seedlings ntawm columnar plum nyob rau tib kab muaj peev xwm yuav 30 los yog 40 centimeters. Qhov kev deb no yuav txaus rau lawv los tsim zoo thiab dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Txawm li cas los, lub aisle yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav tsawg tshaj li 1 meter, qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv yuav ib tug deb ntawm 1.5-2 meters.
Mus tsaws ncaj qha
Qhov aub tsiv rau cog qoob cog qoob cog qoob loo yog khawb av ua ntej. Nyob rau hauv qhov loj nws yuav tsum yog ob zaug qhov loj ntawm nws paus system, vim nyob rau hauv lub qab ua ntej cog peb ncuav tawm ib tug tov ntawm av nrog chiv.
Txog li 100 grams ntawm superphosphate thiab mus txog 80 grams poov tshuaj yuav siv tau raws li pob zeb hauv av chiv. Kuj, raws li ib qho tsoo ntse yuav tsum tau siv txog 3-4 kilograms ntawm humus. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, tag nrho cov chiv nrog av yog poured rau hauv qab ncaj qha rau hnub ntawm nws npaj, yog li hais tias los ntawm lub sij hawm lub seedling yog cog no av muaj lub sij hawm los khom.
Peb txo lub seedling rau hauv aub tsiv thiaj li hais tias qhov chaw grafting tseem nyob saum cov av thiab peb tsaug zog nrog lub ntiaj teb tsis muaj ntxiv chiv.
Tam sim ntawd tom qab cog, tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau watered zoo heev, vim hais tias plum hlub zoo-moistened av.
Mus rau cov nqe lus cog lus
Cog ntoo yog pom zoo rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, vim hais tias ib tsob ntoo cog nyob rau hauv Autumn yuav tsis zam lub caij ntuj no porosities. Yog hais tias koj, tom qab tag nrho, txiav txim siab cog ib sapling nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, ces nws yog zoo dua mus rau qaij nws nrog lub ntiaj teb nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev uas snow uas tau poob tag nrho npog nws.
Caij nplooj ntoos hlav cog yog nqa tawm tom qab tiav thawing ntawm cov av. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm yog 4-5 hnub tom qab daus melts. Tab sis, nrog rau tsaws yog tsis mus rau ncua, nws yuav tsum tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub tom ntej 1-2 lub lim tiam.
