Coniferous ntoo nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov caij tau decorate tej mev, tsev, chaw ua si. Vim lawv qhov kev zoo nkauj thiab tsis yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, lawv nrov tshaj plaws ntawm cov tswv ntawm qhov chaw ntiag tug, thiab cov tib neeg uas muaj kev koom nrog rau kev tsim txua thaj chaw. Ib qho ntawm qhov txawv txav txawv txav thiab zoo nkauj larch (lat Larix) - muaj zog tsob ntoo (txog li 35-40 m nyob rau hauv qhov siab) los ntawm Pine tsev neeg. Qhov txawv ntawm no zoo nkauj taiga dag nyob rau hauv lub mos flat loo, uas, tsis zoo li lub fellows, qhov no nroj tsuag ntog ua ntej lub caij ntuj no. Nyob rau hauv Autumn, cov ntoo tig daj los yog kaj lug txiv kab ntxwv. Yog li, larch tsis yog evergreen coniferous nroj tsuag.
Lub genus ntawm larches muaj txog 20 hom uas loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub roob thiab forests ntawm Northern Hemisphere. Nws yog rau cov nroj tsuag-ntev-ntev - muaj 500 xyoo lossis ntau dua. 
Vim nws lub zog, ua kom muaj zog thiab ua kom tsis muaj zog, cov ntoo ntawm cov ntoo muaj nqis, nws yog siv hauv nkoj tsim, rau kev tsim kho cov dej hauv qab, kev tsim khoom ntawm lub rooj thiab cov rooj tog zaum. Los ntawm lub koob ntawm larch tau txais roj tseem ceeb. Tom qab ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm cov khoom zoo nkauj ntawm larch, ntau tus neeg yuav xav cog rau hauv lawv cov vaj tsev, ua ntej ntawm lub tsev, hauv lub teb chaws los yog hauv lub txaj paj. Cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog cov nta ntawm cog, loj hlob, kev tu thiab siv cov kev zoo nkauj-larch tuaj yeem nrhiav tau hauv tsab xov xwm no.
Koj puas paub? Ob hom ntawm larches yog kev tiv thaiv cov nroj tsuag: Polish thiab Olgin.
Yuav ua li cas mus nrhiav rau thaum yuav seedlings
Yuav ua li cas loj hlob larch? Muaj ob txoj kev - saplings los yog noob. Seedlings yuav tsum xaiv ob mus rau plaub lub xyoos. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los yuav cov nroj tsuag hauv cov thawv. Thaum muas, them sai sai rau cov lus qhia ntawm lub koob - lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob qhuav. Cov ceg yuav tsum khoov thiab tsis khoov rau ob sab.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Thaum yuav ib lub sapling, tsis txhob mus khw muag khoom lub khw, tab sis mus rau ib lub chaw zov me nyuam los yog horticultural center. Yog li koj yuav muaj txoj cai lav tau los yuav ib lub high-zoo noj qab haus huv seedling thiab tsis txawb nyiaj deb.
Txawm li cas los, tej zaum kuj yuav larch seedlings yog heev nyuaj. Yog li ntawd, nws yog feem ntau sown nrog noob, uas yog tshem tawm ntawm nws tus kheej ntawm cones nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm Lub kaum hli ntuj los yog yuav nyob rau hauv khw muag khoom tshwj xeeb. Ua ntej cog, lawv yuav tsum muab cia rau hauv ib lub hnab ntawv. Germination noob khaws cia rau ob mus rau peb lub xyoos.
Xaiv qhov chaw tsaws chaw
Nws yog tsim nyog los mus ze lub xaiv ntawm ib qho chaw rau cog larch nrog tag nrho lub luag hauj lwm, txij li thaum tsob ntoo categorically tsis kam ua kom loj hlob nyob rau hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo. Rau nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los xaiv ib lub tshav ntuj sab hnub tuaj.
Koj puas paub? Tsuas yog ib hom kab ntawm larch tau loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub teeb shading - Japanese.
Yog hais tias koj npau suav ntawm cog no kev zoo nkauj, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws tsis muaj chaw rau xws li ib tug loj thiab sprawling nroj tsuag, koj muaj peev xwm tsim ib lub me ntoo rau koj tus kheej los ntawm pruning. Zoo hmoo, tus larch tolerates no txoj kev zoo thiab yog rov qab sai heev tom qab nws. Yog li, ua ntej koj tsaws no lub khob hliav qab, koj yuav tsum nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev txiav nws thiab, kab tias, tau txais kev paub nrog kos duab ntawm bonsai. Tsis tas li ntawd rau cog, koj muaj peev xwm tuaj tos hniav ntau yam ntawm tsawg qhov ntau thiab tsawg. Larch yog xav tau nyob rau hauv cov composition ntawm cov av. Nws tsis haum acidic xau, yog li ntawd, yog hais tias nyob rau lub cuab ntxhiab npaj rau nws yog acidic lub ntiaj teb, nws yuav tsum tau leached ua ntej cog. Nrog kev nyuaj, tsob ntoo yuav siv cag ntawm pluag thiab xuab zeb xau. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav tsis tsum superfluous kom paub hais tias hauv paus system ntawm larch tsis zam kaw tshwm sim ntawm av. Thiaj li rau tsob ntoo kom khom tau sai thiab ntse, nws yuav tsum tau muab cog rau hauv ib qho av zoo drained hauv av nplua nuj. Larch tolerates cov xwm txheej ntawm lub nroog zoo, li ntawd nws yuav cog hauv chaw ua si hauv nroog, squares, thiab cov courtyards. Heev resistant rau Frost.
Lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws rau thaj av
Yog hais tias koj npaj kom cog ib seedling, ces nws yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, tom qab nplooj ntoos caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, los yog nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thaum cov av tau warmed me ntsis. Noob yog sown nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo-warmed av, thaum muaj yog tseem nyom rau nws.
Cov lus tswv yim
Rau cog seedlings pre-npaj ib qhov nrog qhov ntev ntawm 50 los ntawm 50 cm. Yog hais tias ib tsob ntoo cog ntawm lub khob, lub qhov tsoo yuav tsum yog ob npaug dav thiab tob dua lub khob. Tus nroj tsuag yog neatly muab tso rau hauv nws, sim kom tsis txhob puas clod ntawm lub ntiaj teb nrog hauv paus system. To top pw nrog ib tug sib tov ntawm sod av nrog peat nyob rau hauv vaj huam sib luag proportions. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub hauv paus caj dab yuav tsum nyob twj ywm rau saum npoo. Yog hais tias cov av yog hnyav, xuab zeb (ib feem) yuav muab ntxiv rau qhov sib tov, thiab kua dej yuav tsum muab tso rau hauv qab ntawm cog cog. Tom qab cog, tsob ntoo yog watered abundantly, siv tsawg kawg yog ib thoob dej. Ua tau kom compost los yog humus. Cov tub ntxhais hluas cog yuav tsum tau sheltered los ntawm kev ncaj qha tshav ntuj thiab huab cua txias.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Thaum cog larch seedlings yuav tsum tau ceev faj heev thiab tsis txhob kov lub apical tua. Txawm tias lub teeb kov yuav ua rau tsob ntoo - ua rau nws curvature, uas yuav nyob hauv lub conifer rau lub neej.
Ntau lub sijhawm noj yog lub noob cog txheej txheem. Rau zoo dua germination, larch noob yuav tsum tau stratified (txawm li cas los, qhov no tus txheej txheem yog xaiv). Ua li no, ib lub hlis ua ntej cog, soak lawv nyob rau hauv dej nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub rau 48 xuab moos. Tom ntej, koj yuav tsum nqa lawv cov culling: tshem tawm cov noob uas surfaced. Tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hauv ib lub thawv twg lawv yuav tsum tau tov nrog cov xuab zeb moistened (1: 3) thiab muab tso rau hauv lub tub yees, ntawm sab txee, kho qhov kub ntawm 0 rau +5 ° C. Lub caij nyoog ntawm stratification yog 20-30 hnub.
Sowing tiav nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub Plaub Hlis - thaum pib ntawm Tej zaum. Cov noob qoob loo rau hauv av los ntawm 0.5-1 cm, Qhov deb ntawm kab yog 10-12 cm. Los ntawm cov saum toj no, cov noob uas muaj xuab zeb thiab peat substrate (3: 1). Qoob loo. Tom qab cov qoob loo tshwm sim, tom qab ob lub lim piam, lub hau mulch tawm. Kev tu larch seedlings yuav niaj zaus kev ywg, kev kho mob nrog fungicides tawm tsam kab mob thiab pests ntawm conifers, thinning thiab weeding. Thaum cov tub ntxhais hluas muaj hnub nyoog ob xyoos, lawv tau hloov mus rau qhov chaw mus tas li.
Larch tolerates cog nyuaj thiab ntev. Txawm li cas los, thaum nws yuav siv sij hawm cag, nws yuav thov nrog kev loj hlob sai - ntawm 1.5 mus rau 3.5 cm ib xyoos twg rau thawj 20 xyoo. Nyob rau hauv plaub mus rau tsib lub xyoos, ncav ib qhov siab ntawm 1.5 m. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 10 xyoo, nyob rau hauv zoo txaus siab tej yam kev mob, nws pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Kev saib xyuas thiab cultivation ntawm larch
Larch tsis tau xav ntau dhau thaum loj hlob. Cov hauv paus ntsiab lus, zoo li feem ntau lwm cov nroj tsuag, nws yuav tsum tau ywg dej tsis tu ncua, loosened cov av hauv lub voj voog nyob ib ncig ntawm lub pob zeb, tshem ntawm cov nroj tsis zoo, muab zaub mov rau lawv thiab noj yog tias tsim nyog.
Watering, weeding thiab loosening cov av
Larch muaj xws li ib qho kev ua tau zoo li drought intolerance. Yog li ntawd, watering ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas cov nroj tsuag (txog li ob xyoos), thiab raws li cov neeg laus cov hnoos thaum lub sij hawm qhuav zaus, yuav tsum yog yuav tsum tau. Kwv yees li ntawm kev siv dej - 20 liters ntawm ib lub cev ib zaug los yog ob zaug ib lim piam.
Koj puas paub? Larch yog pom zoo kom muab dej ywg dej, uas yog siv los ntxuav kev nceb.
Raws li rau loosening thiab weeding, tsuas yog cov hluas xav tau nws. Cov nroj tsuag yau tau yooj yim ua tsis tau tus txheej txheem no. Ua kom muaj qee yam ntawm txoj kev zoo nkauj nkauj zoo nkauj, nws cov ceg yuav raug txiav tawm, muab cov ntaub ntawv nthuav tawm rau cov khoom qub (cov pob openwork, cov plaub hau, cov khoom, thiab lwm yam). Tsuas yog cov tub ntxhais hluas larches pruned.
Fertilization
Nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo tom qab cog, nyob rau hauv Tej zaum, cov tub ntxhais hluas cov nroj tsuag yuav fertilized nrog complex fertilizer - Kemira Universal (20 g / 1 sq. M) yuav ze los yog pub nrog pub muaj potassium thiab magnesium. Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov lub caij ntuj sov, los txhim kho lub zoo nkauj zoo ntawm lub koob, lub crown yog poured tshaj nrog ib tug watering tau nrog ib tug daws ntawm urea (10 g / 10 l dej). Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, nws yog ib qhov ua tau txhua xyoo nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ua ntej pib ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tua, thov fertilizer rau conifers.
Av mulching
Cov av yog mulched nrog ib tug txheej ntawm 5-6 cm sai li sai tau tom qab cog, siv straw, peat, sawdust, Pine koob. Txawm tias feem ntau cov kab tshoob loj tshaj plaws ua rau lub cev muaj zog zoo thiab tsis tau ntxiv kev ntsuas los npaj rau qhov txias. Txawm li ntawd los, cov tub ntxhais hluas cov nroj tsuag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv pob tw, nws yog qhov zoo dua rau qhwv sacking. Qee hom yuav tsum xav tau ib tug qhi ntawm cov ceg ntoo thiaj li hais tias lawv tsis ua txhaum tawm hauv lub qhov ceeb thawj ntawm cov npog npog.
Larch ntawm ib pob tw thiab hauv kev tsim duab thooj av
Larch yog dav siv rau hauv kev tsim txua landscape. Vim lub fact tias nws yog tuaj tsis tsuas yog los ntawm loj ntoo, tab sis kuj los ntawm tej yam me me, nws cheeb tsam ntawm daim ntawv thov yog heev ntau. Nws yog cog nyob rau hauv pab pawg neeg thiab soliternyh plantings, raws li hedges, nyob rau hauv mob rocky teb thiab pob zeb lub vaj. Tsob ntoo tsau lub zej zog nrog lwm yam nroj tsuag. Cov neeg koom tes zoo tshaj plaws rau nws yog cov khoom siv, cov tsiaj nyhuv, cov noog ntoo, cov noog ntoo, cov ntoo tshauv, juniper, viburnum, barberry.
Lub lact compact rau ntawm pob tw yog zoo nkauj thiab txawv txawv. Feem ntau yog rau cultivation nyob rau hauv no txoj kev uas siv ntau yam ntawm European larch Kornik, Repens, Japanese: Blue Dwarf, Stiff Weeper. Lawv tuaj yeem muaj ntau hom crowns: quaj, creeping, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib lub hauv ncoo, thiab ntau yam xim ntawm koob: tsaus ntsuab, grey-xiav. Heev nicely lub txheem ntau yam saib ze ntawm qhov chaw ntawm so, nyob rau hauv lawn, ntawm nkag mus rau lub tuam tsev, nyob rau hauv lub toj siab alpine, openwork hedges.
Muaj cov kab ntsig ntau yam ntawm larch (piv txwv li, Wolterdingen), uas yog qhov zoo rau cog hauv ntim thiab pom siv nyob rau hauv tsim ntawm Japanese teb.
Kab mob thiab pests ntawm larch, txoj kev ntawm kev soj ntsuam nrog lawv
Zoo li txhua lub conifers, larch muaj ntau tus yeeb ncuab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov pests, fungi thiab cov kab mob. Qhov feem ntau txaus ntshai tus kab mob rau ib tsob ntoo yog larch cancer, uas cuam tshuam lub nplooj thiab pob tw. Lawv tsim cov iav ci iab, cov kab nrib tshwm tuaj hauv lub cortex, thiab cov pos hniav los ntshav. Qhov feem ntau yooj yim rau tus kab mob no yog cov nroj tsuag ntawm 3 mus rau 40 xyoo, European thiab Siberian ntau yam. 
Seedlings tau catch fusarium. Yuav kom tiv thaiv tau tus kab mob no, kev kho mob ntawm av thiab cov noob khoom nrog ib tug daws ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate, npaj muaj tooj, "Fundazole" yog siv. Nws cuam tshuam larch thiab shyutte. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no yog liab pwm ntawm nplooj, koob hauv lub Tsib Hlis. Tom qab ntawd, cov koob tau daj thiab poob tawm. Rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm tus kab mob no siv caij nplooj ntoos hlav spraying "Zinebom" Bordeaux kua, ib tug daws ntawm colloidal sulfur.
Tawm tsam tinder, paus sponge siv kev kho mob "Nitrofen", tooj liab sulphate. Ntawm cov pests, lub moth moth, uas nws caterpillars pub on koob, ua rau zoo heev raug mob mus rau zoo nkauj zoo ntawm larch. Txhawm rau muab tua pov tseg, thov kev kho mob nrog tshuaj tua kab. Qhov cuam tshuam cov ceg ntoo raug tshem tawm.
Pine koob yog tseem raug mob los ntawm striped deciduous sawflies, deciduous kab laug sab moths. Cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntawm cov nroj tsuag txau rau xim av aphids thiab greenish hermes. Cov koob ua daj thiab nkhaus. Insecticides, hauv particular Fozalon, Chlorofos, yog siv los tua.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tsob ntoo yog txaus ntseeg mus tawm tsam ntawm coniferous worms. Lub bark thiab crown yog puas los ntawm kab npuav kab, txoj hlua, thiab kab. Yuav kom tiv thaiv lawv caij nplooj ntoos hlav txau txau "Karbofos", "Nitrofen". Cones thiab noob noj lub caterpillars ntawm lub khob-lub moth. Ntawm no infusions thiab decoctions ntawm insecticidal nroj tsuag muaj peev xwm pab. Larch - ib tsob ntoo uas muaj tus cwj pwm, txawm li ntawd los, yog tias koj ua tiav tag nrho nws cov kev cai, ces nws yuav ntev ntev rau koj nrog nws cov lus zoo nkauj lush thiab mos nplooj, koob uas tsis tuaj yeem tawg.
