Kev lom neeg ntawm cov nroj

Ntau ntau maj qhov loj loj, thiab lawv yuav tsum tau muab cais ua ntej thiaj li kawm tau lawv zoo, nrog rau kev tsim cov kev ntsuas los tiv thaiv lawv. Hauv kev ua liaj ua teb, ob lub tswv yim tseem ceeb yog siv - kev siv tsiaj txhu (qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawm cov nroj tsuag: cov hom kev pub mis thiab kev yug, lub neej kev cia siab) thiab botanical (hoob, tsev, hom, cog genus yog txiav txim siab) kev faib tawm ntawm cov nroj. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav soj ntsuam cov lus qhia txog kev lom neeg ntawm cov qoob loo.

Non-parasitic nroj tsuag

Qhov no yog ib pawg me me ntawm autotrophic nroj tsuag nroj tsuag uas ua ke los ntawm cov organic khoom ntawm inorganic nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm photosynthesis. Lawv muaj lub tshuab tsim zoo thiab lub hauv paus system. Qhov kev faib tawm ntawm non-parasitic nroj tsuag los ntawm lub neej kev cia siab yog raws li nram no: tus menyuam (ib-thiab ob xyoos) thiab lub caij nyoog ntev.

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Xws li ib qho kev sib faib yog arbitrary, vim hais tias ib co me nyuam yaus muaj peev xwm ua tau ntau xyoo los ntawm tej yam kev mob ntawm lub neej.

Cov tub ntxhais hluas

Cov tub ntxhais hluas yog nroj tsuag uas tsuas yog yug los ntawm noob, nyob tsis muaj ntau tshaj ob xyoos thiab tuag tom qab tsim ntawm noob. Raws li lub neej txoj sia, lawv muab faib rau txhua xyoo (raws li cov qauv ntawm lub neej voj voog, txhua xyoo cov nroj tsuag faib rau ephemera, caij nplooj ntoos hlav, wintering, thiab lub caij ntuj no cov qoob loo) thiab ob xyoos (ob lub sij hawm tseev kom muaj kev txhim kho ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawm sprouting rau cov noob txha, ).

Qhov kev faib tawm ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas hnav muaj nyob rau hauv lub rooj:

Koj puas paub? Nyob rau hauv Nyiv, xws li ib tug nroj tsuag nroj tsuag, zoo li burdock, yog suav hais tias yog ib tug tag nrho-zaub zaub zaub thiab yog noj raw, boiled, stewed los yog pickled. Burdock keeb kwm muaj zog nutty aroma, thiab nws cov paj yog cov zoo sib xws nyob rau hauv saj rau artichokes.

Perennial Weeds

Cov no yog cov nroj tsuag uas muaj sia nyob ntau tshaj ob xyoos, lawv muab cov nroj tsuag thiab nroj tsuag, thiab txi cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau zaus hauv lub neej. Tom qab cov noob tau ripened, perennial weeds tuag tsuas yog saum toj no-av kabmob, thiab cov underground (qhov muag teev, tubers, keeb kwm, rhizomes) khaws lawv viability. Txhua txhua xyoo, tshiab hlav tuaj ntawm lub plab hauv plab hauv plab, sib sau stems, paj thiab noob. Yog hais tias peb tham txog txoj kev ntawm luam, lub perennial weeds yog muab faib ua ob pawg - tsis zoo propagating vegetatively los yog tsis loj hlob nyob rau hauv tag nrho vegetatively, thiab propagating tsuas yog vegetatively. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm perennial weeds yog khi bindweed, thaj mint, vaj taum, vaj tsaj nyom, horsetail, ntsim xau wormwood, dandelion, coltsfoot.

Qhov kev faib tawm ntawm perennial weeds by biological pawg yog raws li nram no: paus-rootstocks, rhizomatous, paus-paus, sis, tuberous thiab bulbous, urinary follicle thiab creeping.

Hauv paus sprinklers Cov nroj tsuag yog ib qho kev pheej hmoo perennials uas tau cog lus nrog lub hauv paus, qhov sib zog, lub hauv paus loj-rooted. Los ntawm hauv paus, lub lateral keeb kwm, on uas muaj regeneration buds, diverge radially, tsuas yog vegetatively, nrog adventitious buds nyob rau hauv keeb kwm thiab, rau ib tug tsawg li, noob. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm no hom perennials - daim teb sage, teb sow thistle, oxaloaceae me me, hom colza, creeping iab.

Rhizomatous Perennial weeds muaj vaj huam sib luag nrog cov underground vegetative reproductive plab hnyuv siab raum (rhizomes), uas tsim muaj ntau heev, thiab lawv muab tso rau hauv cov av ntawm nyias qhov tob. Cov rhizomes zoo nkauj heev, lawv muaj cov kev pab cuam ntawm cov as-ham. Lawv muab tsim los ntawm vegetative adventitious buds on underground stems thiab, mus rau ib tug tsawg li, noob. Cov neeg sawv cev yog cov nplej siab, cov ntiv tes ntau, cov pob qoob loo, cov xyoo txhiab xyoo, cov phom nyom.

Rodroot Cov nroj tsuag yog cov nroj tsuag ntev uas yug los ntawm cov noob thiab muaj lub hauv paus cag system. Qee lub sij hawm puas cov hauv paus hniav tuaj yeem tsim cov nroj tsuag. Root ib, thickened, extending tob rau hauv av, tsis muaj rudimentary nodes, buds thiab nplooj. Lub stalks tuag tawm txhua xyoo thiab raug muab kho dua los ntawm buds uas tau pw rau hauv paus ntseg tsho los yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ib feem ntawm lub qia. Qhov no ntawm perennial weeds yog sawv cev los ntawm wormwood, dandelion, curly sorrel, thiab chicory.

Txhuam hniav - Perennial nroj tsuag nroj tsuag nrog lub hauv paus fibrous paus thiab propagated los ntawm cov noob. Hauv paus khov lub dab teg. Cov nplooj thiab stems tuag tawm txhua xyoo, thiab cov tshiab yog yug nyob rau hauv lawv qhov chaw xyoo tom ntej. Sawv cev ntawm tus txhuam cag yog ib qho caustic buttercup thiab ib qho loj plantain.

Bulbous Weeds muaj ib lub noob uas ua hauj lwm pab pawg khoom noj khoom haus, muab cov nroj tsuag ntau, hloov kho hauv qab lub plab. Lub teeb muaj ib lub tiaj tus, txhawm rau qis qis-hauv uas qhov ntsuas loj loj, thiab qhov chaw ntawm qhov teeb meem yog raum-cov me nyuam mos. Tus neeg sawv cev yog ib tug dos dos.

Tuberous weeds - perennials nrog tubers, uas yog cov kabmob ntawm lawv cov vegetative propagation. Tus sawv cev yog Chistele marsh.

Creeping - Perennial weeds uas muaj saum toj-av creeping vegetative kabmob (stems) - ib yam ntawm ib lub paj qia thiab tiag underground rhizomes uas yog npaj rau vegetative luam. Nyob rau hauv lub pob hlav ntawm stems muaj buds thiab nplooj. Faib nroj yog tsim los ntawm buds, uas tsim lawv tus kheej lub hauv paus system. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm creeping weeds yog cinquefoil goose, creeping buttercup, zoo li no buds.

Koj puas paub? Ib qho ntawm cov nroj tsuag feem ntau yog dandelion, tab sis nws yog siv rau hauv cov tshuaj (ntxuav cov nplooj siab) thiab ua noj (ua zaub nyoos, jams, caw, thiab nws cov cag yog lub hauv paus rau kas fes).

Parasitic nroj tsuag

Nyob rau hauv cov kev kawm ntawm evolution, parasitic weeds tau poob lawv muaj peev xwm mus rau photosynthesis, thiab lawv cov zaub mov muaj tshwm sim ntawm cov nuj nqis ntawm tus tswv tsev cog los ntawm tshwj xeeb plab hnyuv siab raum-suckers los yog hausters. Nyob rau ntawm stems ntawm nroj tsuag muaj txo nplooj-nplai (yam uas tsis muaj chlorophyll), uas tiv thaiv generative tua nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov ua sawv ntawm lawv kev loj hlob. Parasitic weeds yog propagated los ntawm cov noob. Parasitic cov nroj tsuag muab faib ua lub hauv paus thiab qia nrog txoj kev txuas ntawm cov kab txuas mus rau cov tswv tsev.

Hauv paus

Parasitic nroj tsuag nrog tuab yooj yim los yog branching stems, nrog scaly nplooj ntawm xim av xim. Paj tau sau hauv pob ntseg yoojyim. Ib tug me nyuam yaus loj hlob tuaj ntawm noob, nws tsis tuaj sai sai rau ntawm cov av, tab sis tseem tshuav nyob rau ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd kom txog thaum nws pom lub hauv paus ntawm lwm tus tswv tsev cog rau hauv uas nws yog nyob ruaj ntseg thiab cov ntaub ntawv ib thickening rau nws - kev loj hlob. Tsis ntev tom qab lub stalks ntawm parasite ua lawv txoj kev los ntawm no loj hlob, thiab stalks ntawm cultivated nroj tsuag maj qhuav tawm. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov hauv paus parasites yog broomrape hemp thiab sunflower broomrape.

Qia

Cov no yog txhua xyoo thiab perennial parasitic nroj tsuag uas yog tag nrho devoid ntawm lawv tus kheej keeb kwm thiab nplooj. Xwb filamentous qia matures los ntawm cov noob. Nyob rau saum npoo ntawm av, nws pom ib qho nws xav tau los noj zaub mov ua noj thiab sticks rau nws kom txog rau thaum kawg ntawm nws lub neej. Tag nrho cov nroj tsuag parasitic loj hlob zoo paj, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab noob. Sawv cev ntawm parasitic qia nroj tsuag - flax noob dodder, daim teb dai, clover lub hnub yug thiab lwm tus.

Koj puas paub? Nyob rau hauv lub qhov, muaj mob txaus ntshai rau tib neeg kev mob nkeeg. Xws li ambrosia, hogweed, cychena, hemlock thiab wormwood.

Nyob rau hauv xaus, ib tug schematic ua tiav ua tiav ntawm nroj tsuag nroj tsuag yog nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib lub rooj: