Kua ntau Uralets ntev paub rau pib xyaum ua gardeners.
Nws yog ntse zus ob ntawm nws tus kheej thaj av thiab ntawm ib qho kev lag luam.
Qib no yog nto moo high frost tsis kam thiab kev tiv thaiv rau cov kab mob loj Kua ntoo.
Vim nws cov khoom tshwj xeeb, Uralets tau dhau mus nyob rau hauv feem ntau ntawm qhov chaw Soviet.
Yuav ua li cas ntawm nws ntaus nqi? Nyeem nqe lus hauv qab no.
Zoo li cas?
Uralets yog thaum ntxov Autumn ntau yam.
Apples ripen nyob rau hauv pib los yog nruab nrab ntawm lub Cuaj Hli.
Zoned nyob rau hauv Volgo-Vyatka cheeb tsamhaum rau cultivation nyob rau hauv lub Urals, nyob rau hauv Siberia thiab nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov qaum teb thaj tsam ntawm Russia.
Hmoov tsis, apples ntawm no ntau yam yog khaws cia rau ib lub sij hawm luv luv, qhov siab tshaj plaws - 1-1.5 lub hlis.
Nws yog ib qho zoo siv lawv rau kev ua rau jam, compotes, jam thiab kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Nrog khaws cia, txiv apples tau noj tshiab.
Khaws daim apples zoo dua nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw txias nrog high humidity: nyob rau hauv qab daus, cellar, ntawm lub lawj los yog hauv lub tub yees.
Rau cia, koj tuaj yeem siv cov thawv uas muaj hlua nrog ib txheej batting. Cov txiv ntsej muag yog cov xau qhuav los yog muab qhwv txhua daim ntawv tso rau hauv ntawv los yog ib tus ntswg.
Apples ntawm Uralets ntau yam yuav khaws cia nyob rau hauv hnab yas.
Ua li no, nyob rau hauv ib tug ceev nteg nteg tawm 2-3 kg chilled txiv hmab txiv ntoo, loosely khi thiab muab tso rau hauv ib qhov chaw txias heev.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau muab cia rau ntawm t ntawm +1 mus rau 2 C thiab cua tshuab pa - 90%.
Mus saib lwm lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg Kua ntau hom: Aelita, Gala, Cinnamon Striped.
Pollination
Qhov no yog lwm qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov ntoo. Independent qib Uralets tsis pollinated.
Nyob ze koj mas nws yeej yuav tsum cog pollinating ntau yam.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntau yam ntawm pollinators: rau Uralts yuav Ural tej thiab Gorno-Altai.
Kev piav qhia ntau hom Uralets
Tsob Ntoo heev, ruajNrog ib tug zoo heev nqaim, high thiab muaj zog crown.
Lub bark rau ntawm ceg loj yog tsaus xim av.
Cov ceg muaj txheej txheem kwv yees horizontally rau lub pob tw, tom qab ntawd khoov vam khom.
Tua xim av, tsaus, ncaj thiab heev pubescent.
Cov nplooj yog medium loj, dull, nrog jagged sawv.
Lub paj yog me me, dawb, tshwm los ntawm me me paj yeeb buds.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ib-seem, du, zoo nkauj, tab sis me me. Qhov zoo ntawm cov txiv apples yog khov-puab, nrog ib tug truncated taub.
Daim tawv nqaij xim yog creamy daj nrog dashed crimson blush. Cov nqaij yog lub teeb daj, heev muaj kua, nrog thawj ntsim qab zib saj.
Diam duab
Kev yug me nyuam yav dhau los
Qhov ntau yam Uralets twb bred nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puas xyoo, nyob rau hauv Sverdlovsk.
Yog xav tau nws hla lub kua ntau hom Tuam Tshoj Wax nrog ntau yam Anise thiab Ukrainian Saratovskaya.
Raws li ib tug ntawm ntau xyoo ntawm zog ua hauj lwm, lub Kua ntau yam Uralets tau, haum rau cultivation nyob rau sab qaum teb latitudes.
Kev loj hlob thaj av ntuj
Qib Uralets qib tau txais los siv Siberia, nyob rau hauv lub Urals thiab sab qaum teb thaj tsam ntawm Russia, nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam nrog kev pluag xau thiab hnyav kev nyab xeeb.
Tsaug rau nws unpretentiousness, Frost tsis kam thiab tsis kam mus yuav luag tag nrho cov kab mob kua, qhov no ntau yam yuav zus nyob rau hauv txhua cheeb tsam ntawm CIS thiab dhau.
Rau tag nrho nws cov merits, Kua Uralets muaj ntau yam siab yields.
Kawm txog kua ntau hom tsim rau cog hauv thaj av uas tau teev tseg: Gornist, Altynai, Lyubava, Kitayk Belfleur, Phoenix ntawm Altai, Daughter Pepinchik.
Tawm
Fruiting nyob rau hauv ntau yam Uralets thaum ntxov txaus ntawm 4-5 xyoos tom qab tsaws.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ib xyoos ib zaug, abundantly. Nrog lub hnub nyoog, yields yuav txo.
Apples ripen nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-Cuaj hlis. Lawv tuaj yeem raug muab tshem tawm cia, thiab yuav noj tau ncaj qha los ntawm tsob ntoo, i.e. qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm cov txiv apples coincides nrog tus neeg tau txais kev pab.
Los ntawm ib tsob ntoo koj tuaj yeem tau txais txog 70-80 kg ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Zoo li txhua lub qaum teb ntau yam, apples muaj Uralets ntau yam me me tab sis heev six.
Txhawm rau kom muaj cov qis qis, nws tsim nyog yuav tsum tau cog cov tsob ntoo kua thiab muab kev kho mob zoo.
Xyuas seb lwm yam ntawm cov ntoo hauv paus rau lub Urals.
Kev cog thiab kev kho mob
Txhua yam kua txiv xav tau kev cog qoob loo thiab kev saib xyuas zoo, txawm tias yuav ua li cas los xij tsis txaus ntseeg li Uralets.
Cog cog qoob loo yuav Ural thaum lub Plaub Hlis los yog Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj thaum ntxov
Tsis txhob hnov qab txog ntau yam ntawm pollinators.
Lawv yuav tsum nyob ntawm luv nrugthiaj li tsis kom obscure txhua lwm yam.
Cov av rau lub hauv paus yuav tsum tau xaiv rau loess-xws li lub teeb thiab nruab nrab loam los yog Sandy loam.
Av dej thaum cog cog qoob loo zom zaws yuav tsum nyob tob tshaj 3 meters los ntawm qhov chaw.
Lub nyem ntawm cov av yuav tsum yog laim ntoom, nrog maj qhov slopes.
Rau 2-3 xyoos ua ntej cog, cov av yog nquag plowed thiab dawb los ntawm cov nroj.
Qhov tsua qhov khawb nyob rau hauv 2-3 lub lim piam ua ntej yuav tsaws thiab los ntawm 1/3 sau nrog npaj tov los ntawm to top txheej ntawm lub ntiaj teb thiab humus.
Qhov lub cheeb ntawm lub qhov taub - txog ib lub 'meter', qhov tob - 60-70 cm. Yog hais tias cov av yog kum, ib tug me me txheej ntawm av nplaum yog muab tso rau hauv qab ntawm aub tsiv.
Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm aub tsiv tsim ib peg rau garter sapling, thiab ces ntaub ntawv 5-15 kg ntawm humus.
Fresh manure tsis siv thaum cog. Pob zeb hauv av chiv tsis siv rau fertile xau.
Yog hais tias cov av yog cov neeg pluag, ua ntej yuav tsaws koj ntxiv tau me ntsis poov tshuaj phosphate chiv.
Lub seedling yog muab tso rau hauv ib qho chaw npaj, tawm hauv 4-5 cm paus caj dab nyob rau saum npoo, thiab loosely tied rau ib tug pas.
Tom qab cog - tshaj watering.
Kev tu lub tsob ntoo ua kua yuav tsum muaj dej, xoob, chiv, ua kom cov yas, thiab muaj chaw rau lub caij ntuj no.
Pristol lub voj voog tsis tu ncua maj thiab mulch tom qab watering.
Nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo tom qab cog, lawv tsis fertilize lub kua ntoo.
Tom qab-tawm pruning yog nqa tawm thiab watered tsis tu ncua.
Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, lub seedling yog qhwv nyob rau hauv Frost, thiab nyob ze-qia lub voj voog yog mulched nrog humus.
Los ntawm ob xyoo ntawm lub neej siv caij nplooj ntoo hlav thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg.
Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, lawv tsom rau nitrogen chiv, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg - on organic thiab poov tshuaj phosphate chiv.
Pub ua paus thiab foliar. Thaum lub caij ntuj sov koj tseem tuaj yeem siv ob peb qhov tshuaj nitrogen, tshwj xeeb yog hauv huab cua sov.
Tall Ural tus neeg nyob hauv yuav tsum tau tu ncua cov pob txha los tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob poob yas.
Raws li tsob ntoo hnub nyoog, siv rejuvenating pruning. Pruning yuav ua tau ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm Lub Xya hli ntuj.
Tab sis txawm nrog txoj kev saib xyuas zoo, muaj tseem qhov txaus ntshai ntawm tsob ntoo ua rau cov kab mob thiab cov kab tsuag.
Saib yeeb yaj kiab seb yuav ua li cas thiaj saib xyuas cov kua hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg.
Kab Mob thiab Kab Tsuag
Kua ntau hom qoob loo resistant rau scab thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo rot.
Xyaum tsis tau cuam tshuam los ntawm lwm cov kab mob.
Undemanding rau cov av thiab unpretentious nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas.
Muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev tua. npaub.
Cov seem pests Uralets cuam tshuam heev tsawg.
Nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus nrog moths nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb: sau cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv lub sij hawm, rake thiab hlawv qhuav nplooj thiab ceg, ntxuav lub pob tw ntawm lub qub ntoo, khawb thiab ua rau ntoo.
Nco ntsoov tshuaj tsuag tshuaj tua kab peb zaug rau ib lub caij.
Ntau yam ntawm cov ntoo hauv paus Uralets muaj ntau yam zoo. Ntawm cov kev tsis txaus siab ntawm ntau yam tsuas yog sau tseg me me txee lub neej thiab me me ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Txwv tsis pub, qhov no muaj peev xwm raug hu ua qhov zoo tagnrho autumn ntau yam rau txhua lub vaj.
