Semen Fedorovich Chernenko tsim ib txheej ntawm "Chernenko Apple Card" uas muaj ntau yam txiv apples uas tau sau txhua lub hlis tom qab ripening.
Tsab xov xwm no yuav tsom mus rau ntau lub caij ntuj no. Khiav tawm Chernenkouas siv nws qhov chaw ntawm kev hwm hauv daim ntawv qhia hnub no.
Kev piav qhia ntawm ntau yam thiab cov duab hauv tsab xov xwm.
Zoo li cas?
Renet Chernenko - sawv cev lig lub caij ntuj no qib kawm
Apples yuav khaws cia nyob rau hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo cia mus txog 235 hnub.
Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los khaws cov txiv apples hauv cov thawv ntoo ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm 0 mus rau 2 ° C thiab high humidity 85-90%.
Xyuas tawm lwm lub caij ntuj no kua txiv: Lada, Cliff, Rennet Simirenko, Snowdrop, Khoom plig ntawm Grafsky, Persianka, Rozhdestvensky, Spartan, Starkrimson, Fuji, Krasa Sverdlovsk.
Pollination
Qhov ntau Renet Chernenko yog ib tus kheej-pollinating, thiab qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm ntau Kua pollinators uas yuav tsum tau cog rau tom ntej Rennet Chernenko yog: Rennet golden Kursk, Striped Autumn, Pepinka Lithuanian, Welsey, Antonovka ordinary, Northern synapse.
Qhia ntau yam Renet Chernenko
Renet Chernenko yog ib tsob ntoo uas muaj zog heev uas yuav ua kom haum hauv vaj huam sib luag.
Ntoo qhov siab nyob rau xyoo 15 ntawm lub neej ua rau 4.8 meters nrog crown diameter hauv 5.4 m
Lub crown yog hemispherical, npawv. Mus rau nruab nrab ntawm tsob ntoo yog pob tshab thiab tsawg.
Cov ceg khov kho mus rau lub cev ntawm lub kaum sab xis uas muaj qhov loj. Lub bark ntawm tsob ntoo yog grey-ntsuab, thiab tua yog liab-xim av, thiab los ze zog mus rau lub cev kuj ua grey-ntsuab.
U Reneta Chernenko medium branching, thiab tshiab tua tshwm ntawm lub pob nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub xyoo dhau los thiab los ntawm cov tom ntej 2-3 buds, ob peb ntxiv buds daim ntawv txheeb, thiab cov qis tshaj nyob hauv hibernation.
Thaum lub sij hawm lub xyoo ntawm kev loj hlob, ob peb tua loj hlob on txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub hnab - ib tug shortened, kev loj hlob los yog nplooj ntoos rosette. Qee zaum muaj ob qhov teeb meem.
Crohn muaj ntau ntau overgrown tua - kolchatok, twigs, kopeytsev.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshwm sim nyob rau xyoo tas los tus tuatsuas yog on twigs. Tus tua lawv tus kheej yog tsis heev tuab, ncaj, nrog loj tsawg lentils.
Nplooj muaj qee cov ntoo hauv no ntau yam loj dua li nruab nrab. Cov xim yog tsaus ntsuab, cov duab yog ib qho dav oval nrog ib puag ncig puag thiab ib qho kev qhia tau siab tshaj plaws.
Lub serration ntawm nplooj ntoos yog crenate, nplooj ntoos yog me ntsis curved raws vias lub ntsiab, thiab nws sawv yog me ntsis wavy. Cov nplooj yog nyob rau hauv relation mus rau tua nyob rau hauv ib qho kev mob kaum. Lub underside ntawm daim ntawv yog me ntsis pubescent, thiab to top yog tus thiab ci.
Cov nplooj cag muaj cov nram qab no: Medium loj, kob, pubescent, nrog nqaim thiab me me.
Paj ntawm Rennet Chernenko Kua ntoo: me, zoo li ntawv sau. Dawb, petals me ntsis laim ntoom. Anthers hauv qab rylets rau hauv pem teb ib centimeter.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog tsim los ntawm paj nrog cov nram qab no cov yam ntxwv: qhov loj - loj. Luj - 110-180 grams. Daim ntawv - sib npaug flattened.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv ib qoob loo tib hom thiab loj.
Cov nto muaj me ntsis ribbing nyob ze ntawm lub qia.
Tab xim elegantly yellowish ntsuab nrog ib tug me me garnet los yog liab plab blush ntawm sab sab.
Daim tawv nqaij tsis yog tuab heev, tsis ntxhib, tab sis tuab, ntub yog npub.
Subcutaneous ntsiab lus yog tam sim no, tab sis lawv yog cov me thiab inconspicuous, muaj cov ntsiab lus corrosive. Peduncle me, curved, thickened nyob rau hauv lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub hnab. Funnel - orzhavlennaya, tsis tob, dav.
Khob loj tshaj li qhov nruab nrab loj, ib nrab qhib rau hauv ib daim ntawv teev dav hlau uas muaj me ntsis ribbing. Noob zes daim ntawv me me - teeb, kaw cov chav tsis muaj kab xev.
Podchashechnaya tubule tsis txuas nrog zes, qhov zoo yog dav thiab funnel-puab. Noob medium-qhov loj, maub, xim av xim. Pulp caw-qab zib, nrog lub qab ntxiag muaj zog aroma, dawb, ntom, muaj kua, nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm vitamin C.
Ua haujlwm ntawm yug me nyuam ntau yam S. F. Chernenko nyob rau hauv lub koom haum All-Russia Research noob caj noob ces thiab xaiv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau lawv. I. V. Michurin.
Diam duab
Kev yug me nyuam yav dhau los
Ntau ntau bred raws li ib tug ntawm sowing noob Reneta Pepenova los ntawm dawb pollination.
Semyon Fedorovich lub npe nws hauv kev hwm N.I. KichunovaTias yog vim li cas nws ris lwm lub npe yog Renet Kichunova.
Tus qhab-nees nkag mus rau hauv Lub Xeev lub npe nyob rau hauv 1986.
Kev loj hlob thaj av ntuj
Raws li cov npe no, Rennet Chernenko tuaj yeem raug coj tuaj rau hauv cov cheeb tsam hauv qab no: Central, Central Black Ntiaj Teb, Nruab Nrab Volga, Ural, Volga-Vyatka, North-West.
Cov cheeb tsam ntawm ntau tshaj plaws ntau yam - Central Black Lub Zostsuas yog Sab Europe ib feem ntawm Russia thiab Bashkortostan. Nyob rau hauv Bashkiria, lub caij ntuj no tsis kam yog tsis heev, me ntsis qis dua li ntawm Antonovka.
Tawm
Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov cheeb tsam, Rennet Chernenko pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm 7-8 xyoos tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm kaum tsib ib tsob ntoo ntoo muab sau txog 62 kgthiab feem ntau 120 kg.
Qoob loo raug tshem tawm hauv lub Cuaj Hli, thiab txiv apples ripen nyob rau hauv lub txaj nyob rau hauv Lub Kaum Ib Hlis thiab yuav khaws cia kom txog rau thaum kawg ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
Yuav kom muaj lub siab tshaj plaws sau koj yuav tsum tau paub txog lub nuances ntawm cog thiab tu rau no kua ntau yam.
Kawm txog high-yielding ntau yam ntawm cov kua ntoo: Gala, Augusta, Lub caij ntuj no Pear, Lyubava, Kua Spa, Stroyevskoye, Sokolovskoye, Kua Pour, Lobo, Pepinchik tus ntxhais.
Kev cog thiab kev kho mob
Thaum koj kawm txog kev cog qoob loo zoo li cas thiab yuav ua li cas thiaj tu tau nws, koj yuav muaj peev xwm tau siab tshaj plaws rau ntau xyoo.
Ob peb cov cai rau kev cog cog ntawm cov ntoo hauv qab:
- Kua ntoo yuav tsum cog rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, kom txog thaum lub buds muaj blossomed, los yog nyob rau hauv Autumn - tom qab foliage tau poob.
- Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg nws yuav tsum tau ua 2 lub lis piam ua ntej thawj Frost, vim hais tias seedlings tsis tau paus ntawm tsawg kub.
- Yog hais tias Autumn yog txias, ces cog yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
- Yog hais tias koj yuav seedlings nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam, lawv yuav tsum tau thauj, tom qab muab tso rau nyob rau hauv ib tug sib tov nrog av nplaum thiab qhwv nyob rau hauv ib tug ntub sacking.
Tom qab kev thauj mus los, lub keeb kwm yuav tsum tau shortened nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug secateur, tab sis tsuas yog skeletal rotten keeb kwm los yog cuam tshuam los ntawm cov kab mob, kev loj hlob.
Yog hais tias lub keeb kwm ntawm tsob ntoo yog qhuav, lawv yog cov muaj nqis rau ob peb hnub ua ntej cog, qhov chaw nyob rau hauv dej.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj av nplaum av los yog nrog cov dej hauv av, qhov hauv lub qhov tsau tsis tuaj yeem qhib rau ntev. Nws yog zoo dua cog ntoo nyob rau hauv xws li av tsuas yog nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
Yog tias koj nyob nyob rau hauv tsis-chernozem cheeb tsam, lub seedlings yuav tsum tau cog rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg ib tug yuav tsum khawb ntawm lub siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub cuab ntxhiab - khawb ib lub qhov ob ko taw tob thiab nteg ntoo muaj, ncuav lawv thiab nphoo lawv nrog cov xuab zeb.
Thiab tom qab frosts, qhov pit kom tiav nrog cov av, tawm tsuas yog lub Upper ib feem ntawm ceg pom.
Cov ntoo zoo yuav tsum tau npaj ua ntej: nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg - rau ib lub hlis thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav - rau 4-5 lub hlis.
Cov av aub tsiv yuav tsum ua raws li cov hauv qab no: plumb phab ntsa, tsawg kawg ib nrab ntawm 'meter' tob, yam tsawg kawg nkaus diam 70-120 cm
Tom ntej, koj yuav tsum tau ncuav chiv (rotten), ib lub thoob ntawm lub ntiaj teb los ntawm txheej txheej thiab pob zeb hauv av chiv. Ua kom txog thaum zoo txaus. 50%.
Thaum npaj dej los, ib ceg txheem ntseeg yuav muab tso rau hauv nws thiab tsob ntoo yuav tsum muab tso kom zoo li ntawd paus caj dab yog 30 cm saum toj no hauv av, lawv khi nws mus rau ib tug kev them nyiaj yug thiab muab tso rau qhov sib tov nyob rau hauv keeb kwm.
Nws yuav tsum ua kom tsis muaj tsheb.
Tom ntej, hauv av hauv av, watered thiab sprinkled nrog quav nyab, sawdust los yog straw.
Kom cog ntawm ib tug seedling yog tsuas yog thawj kauj ruam mus muab ib tug zoo sau.
Nws tseem yog tsim nyog los npaj cov kev tu xyuas ntawm tsob ntoo.
Nws muaj ntau theem:
- Pub Noj
Cov ntoo loj hlob ntau feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub xeem ib nrab ntawm Lub rau hli ntuj, nyob rau hauv uas lub sij hawm lawv yuav tsum tau pub nrog kua chiv. Rau 1 square. m projection ntawm crown xav tau 10 liv ntawm fertilizer los ntawm kua manure.
Ua fertilizing yuav tsum tau tom qab los nag los yog ua ntej kev noj qab haus huv. Koj yuav tsum tau nchuav pub rau hauv pre-siav qhov tshij 15 cm qhov tob
- Watering
Thawj ob peb xyoos tom qab cog ib qho kua ntawm no ntau yam yuav tsum tau tas mus li watering. Los ntawm hnub ntawm cog rau nruab nrab ntawm Lub Xya hli ntuj koj yuav tsum tau dej tsob ntoo tsawg kawg yog 5 zaug. Ntawm ib tsob ntoo yuav tsum xav txog 30 liv dej.
Mature ntoo yuav tsum tau muab dej rau hauv ib qho txawv. Thawj zaug lawv tau ywg dej rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub Rau Hli, ob zaug hauv ib lub hlis, thiab tom qab ntawd ces lub Yim Hli rov. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, ua ntej qhov pib ntawm Frost, ntoo yog watered rau plaub lub sij hawm.
- Qoob loo.
Yog hais tias koj tsis txiav ntoo, cov qoob loo yuav txaj muag heev, vim muaj ob peb sab tua yuav raug tsim. Vim li ntawd, lub ntsiab ceg excessively khoov nyob rau hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hnyav.
Lub sij hawm rau pruning yog ua ntej fruiting: thaum pib ntawm fruiting, thaum lub sij hawm fruiting lub sij hawm.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Ntxiv nrog rau qhov tsim nyog ntsuas rau kev saib xyuas ntawm Renet Chernenko lub kua ntoo, uas peb tham txog saum toj no, kev tiv thaiv ntawm apples tawm tsam pests xws li kab thiab nas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau lub chav tsev so.
Pab tiv thaiv yuav pab laj kab ntawm ntiav sib tsoo ib nrab ntawm ib lub meter siab uas yuav tsum tau khawb rau hauv av ntawm 30 cm.
Iav ntaub plaub - Yog hais tias koj qhwv cov ntoo nrog nws, lub nas yuav tsis muaj peev xwm puas rau lawv, thiab nws tseem yuav tiv thaiv cov nroj tsuag ntawm Frost.
Yog hais tias nas yog gnawed lub trunks, koj yuav tsum tau them lub qhov chaw puas nrog vaj twawb thiab qhwv lawv nrog ntawv ci.
Qhov no hom ntoo yog heev resistant rau scab, uas yog nws zoo dua. Tab sis yog hais tias lub scab tseem tsoo lub tsob ntoo, ces koj yuav tau tshem ntawm nws los ntawm spraying tsob ntoo daws ntawm tooj liab los yog hlau sulphate.
Yuav kom tiv thaiv cov ntoo ntawm kab yuav tsum siv sij hawm ntau qhov ntsuas:
- khawb thiab ntxuav cov voj voog pristvolny;
- nqa tawm cov khoom siv tu huv si;
- whitewash;
- nruab tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv;
- tsuag cov kua ntoo nrog cov tshuaj tua kab.
Qhov ntau yam Renet Chernenko yog muaj nqis heev, muaj qhov zoo li qhov zoo xws li: lub caij ntuj no tsis ua hauj lwm, lub cev tsis muaj zog, tsis ua hauj lwm mus rau scab, zoo tu zoo, ib feem ntawm tus kheej thiab zoo saj txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Saib yeeb yaj kiab seb yuav tiv thaiv tau kua txiv los ntawm cov nas tsuag.
