Feem ntau anthracnosis tshwm sim hauv cheeb tsam nrog sov thiab humid kev nyab xeeb: nyob rau hauv sab qab teb ntawm Russia, nyob rau hauv Moldova, Ukraine thiab Central Asia. Tsis ntev los no, nws tshwm sim hauv Belarus thiab nruab nrab latitudes.
Qhov no yog ib qho kab mob txaus ntshai heev uas cuam tshuam feem ntau yog grape ntau yam resistant rau mildew thiab oidium thiab tsis kho nrog fungicides. Anthracnose tsoo tag nrho cov seem ntawm cov nroj tsuag: tua, nplooj thiab berries. Yuav ua li cas tsis nco cov cim ntawm tus kab mob thiab paub lawv nyob rau theem pib?
Cov cim qhia ntawm grape anthracnose
Yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem pib rau lub sijhawm los tiv thaiv cov kev tiv thaiv kab mob, ces muaj txhua txoj kev tshwm sim ntawm kev tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob tsis zoo no. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, anthracnose nplooj raug cuam tshuam. Ua ntej, lawv them nrog me tsaus nti dots, uas tom qab qee lub sij hawm tig mus rau hauv me me brownish me ntsis nrog ib tug maub ciam.
Ua tsaug rau cov pob no, tus kab mob tau txais lwm lub npe: Grape pox los yog Spotted anthracnose.
Ib me ntsis tom qab, cov pob no pib tshwm ntawm tua. Feem ntau kis tau tus kab mob cov tub ntxhais hluas nplooj thiab nplooj.
Cov qhab nees sai sai, npog yuav luag tag nrho ntawm thaj tsam ntawm daim ntawv, thiab tau txais cov lus qhia qias neeg-xim liab. Puas tsuaj tawm qhuav tawm thiab crumble. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog sau uas suffers, feem ntau diseased nroj tsuag tsuas tuag.
Kab mob tua dhau mus nrog ntev xim av me ntsisuas sprout inward, nthuav thiab ua xim av dub. Cov chaw muaj teeb meem pib tawg. Nyob rau hauv ib ntev ntev drought, tua qhuav tawm thiab ua txhaum tawm, thiab nyob rau hauv huab cua ntub lawv rot. Ntau zaus txom nyem los ntawm anthracnose grape stalks, crests thiab inflorescences.
Nrog rau tus kab mob ntawm pawg, nyob rau berries tshwm concave inward puag ncig ntawm xim av xim nrog ib tug tub ntxhais violet. Vim yog qhov txawv txav ntawm cov pob no, anthracnose feem ntau hu ua noog qhov muag. Txij lub sij hawm, lub berries tawg, qhuav thiab poob tawm.
Anthracnose kis tau sai heev thiab tuaj yeem ua kom puas txog li 80% ntawm tag nrho cov qoob loo. Los nrog nws yog ib qhov nyuaj heev, nws yog ib qhov zoo dua tsis pub tus mob ntawm tus kab mob.
Ua rau muaj mob
Anthracnose yog fungal kab mob. Nws cov pathogen tuaj yeem nyob rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntev heev, txog li 5-6 xyoo thiab tsis qhia nws tus kheej, mus txog rau ib qho chaw. Lub fungus overwinters ntawm tua thiab nplooj thiab awakens nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Anthracnose mob ceev heev tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntawm cov av qis thiab t txog + 25-35S.
Lub impetus rau nws tsos kuj pab:
- hnyav rains nrog lawg;
- mechanical kev puas tsuaj rau kev tua thaum tsis ua kev pruning;
- tsis muaj potassium phosphate chiv;
- heev qaub los yog salty av.
Diam duab
Txoj kev ntawm kev tawm tsam
Yuav ua li cas kho, yog hais tias tus kab mob yuav tsis raug zam? Nws yog tsim nyog yuav tau tshem tawm sai sai thiab hlawv tag nrho cov cuam tshuam nplooj thiab tua thiab kho cov nroj tsuag nrog ib tug 3% daws ntawm Bordeaux sib tov. Thawj zaug yuav tsum tau nqa tawm thaum tua tau ntev txog 7-10 cm, thiab ob tom qab txog 2 lub lis piam, tab sis nrog 1% kua.
Thaum lub sij hawm ua, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias cov tshuaj poob rau hauv qab ntawm daim ntawvtab sis tsis ntws lawm. Rau qhov no nws yog ib qho zoo siv cov sprayers nrog me me qhov. Kev kho yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua thaum ntxov thaum sawv ntxov los yog yav tsaus ntuj kom tsis txhob sunburn.
Hmoov tsis pej xeem tshuaj nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam tus kab mob no tsis pab, thiab yog hais tias tus kab mob yog khiav, koj yuav tau mus rau resort "hnyav artillery" - systemic fungicides. Zoo siab tiv thaiv nrog anthracnose Ridomil, Abiga-Peak, Fundazol, Cardots, Ordan, Skor thiab Acrobat.
Tsis ntev los no, rau kev kho mob ntawm anthracnose grapes tau ua dav siv. lom tshuaj: Gaupsin, Mikosan thiab Planriz. Kev ua yuav tsum tau nqa tawm tsis tu ncua, nrog ib lub caij nyoog ntawm 10-14 hnub thiab nco ntsoov txo cov dej ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Zoo, thiab, ntawm chav kawm, tsis nco qab txog kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Yuav kom tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau tu lub vineyard. Yuav tsum tsis pub Bush thickening.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau ua kom tiav raws sij hawm thiab ua kom tsis muaj zog. Cov cuab yeej thiab khoom siv yuav tsum tau kho nrog ib qho kev daws muaj zog ntawm potassium permanganate. Qhov kev daws tib yam yuav ua tiav thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo nplooj.
Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ua ntej flowering, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los tshuaj tsuag ib 1% Bordeaux sib tov los yog tooj liab oxychloride. Tom qab 2 lub lim piam kho lawm. Pollinating nrog sulfur hmoov pab kom zoo.
Nyob rau hauv lub Autumn pruning tag nrho tej thaj chaw deb ntawm cov nroj tsuag raug kub hnyiab. Av kom zoo txhua zaus loosenedwatered thiab mulched. Nco ntsoov siv cov chiv ua, nrog ib qho predominance ntawm calcium thiab phosphorus, khawb ntawm nruab nrab ntawm cov kab thiab ua puas lub weeds. Tom qab hnyav rains nrog lawg, Bordeaux sib tov los yog fungicides yog sai li sai tau kho.
Vulnerable ntau yam
Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog feem ntau txom nyem los ntawm anthracnose ntau yam xws li:
- Lydia;
- Viorica;
- Muromets;
- Isabella;
- Danko;
- Karaburnu;
- Dniester liab dawb;
- Husayne;
- Vierul
Tsawg tshaj tawm tau tus kab mob ntau yam:
- Riesling;
- Mustard dawb;
- Cabernet Sauvignon;
- Saperavi.
Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov hais tias grape ntau yam tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm mildew, grey rot thiab oidium tej zaum yuav zoo tau anthracnose. Yuav kom tsis txhob no, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau nqa tawm cov kev tiv thaiv tsis tu ncua thiab kom ntseeg tau tias lub vaj txiv hmab yog tu zoo, muaj kev tu saib xyuas zoo.
Anthracnose - phem kab mobuas muaj peev xwm tua tau tag nrho vineyard nyob rau hauv ib qhov teeb meem ntawm hnub. Yog hais tias cov cheeb tsam yav dhau los raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev khaum no, nrog kev nyab xeeb thiab kev nyab xeeb, tam sim no cov kev pabcuam geographic yog ib txoj kab dav dav thiab tsis muaj ib txoj hauv kev ua tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv.
Yuam kev video:
