Resistant rau scab thiab Frost - Altai Rudy kua ntoo

Kua ntoo yog ib yam ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv Lavxias.

By yug me nyuam ib tug loj pes tsawg tus sib txawv ntau yam ntawm Kua ntoo tau tsim, nrog rau resistant kom txias txias climatic.

Lub caij ntuj no Hardy ntau yam uas yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv xws li cheeb tsam raws li Siberia, Sab Hnub Tuaj, thaj tsam Ural.

Ib qho ntawm ntau yam tau los ntawm kev ua hauj lwm ntawm breeders ntawm Altai Ib ncig yog kua ntau yamAltai ruddy.

Zoo li cas?

Lub Altai ruddy kua ntau yam yog tau los ntawm kev hla lub Belfleur-Suav thiab Melba pollen nrog lub Northerner. Qhov no ntau yam muaj ib tug yam ntxwv periodicity ntawm fruiting. Los ntawm ripening - Lig ntau lub caij ntuj sovhauv txaj mus txog 60 hnub.

Cov ntoo coj qoob loo txhua xyoo, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib lub xyoo. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau pom tias yog vim li cas rau qhov no.

Qhov tseeb yog tias ib qho kua ntoo nyob rau hauv ib xyoos twg ib tug loj pes tsawg tus txiv hmab txiv ntoo buds thiab muab ntau tus txiv hmab txiv ntoo, vim li no tsis muaj sij hawm los npaj tau rau ntawm tus nqi tsim nyog ntawm cov as-ham thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau lub xyoo tom ntej tsis tsim.

Lub caij ntuj sov muaj xws li cov ntoo kua: Arkadik, Arkad Summer, Dachnoe, Elena, Quinti, Lub Xya hli ntuj Chernenko, Korobovka, Lub caij ntuj sov Striped, Liab, Tus Cawm Seej, Malinovka, Papirovka, Gornist, Gorno-Altai, Augustus.

Kev piav qhia ntawm qib kawm Altai Ruddy

Kua ntoo muaj zoo nkauj tsosnamely nruab nrab lub cev siab nrog balanced compact crown puabuas zoo li pob.

Ceg ntoo ntawm cov ntoo ntawm cov ntoo loj, muaj hwjchim, qhia ncaj nraim kom siab dua.

Cov no yog me me luv luv twigs nrog buds on kawg. Lawv ntev npaum li cas los ntawm 5 mus rau 7 centimeters. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lawv hais tias fruiting tshwm sim.

Kua nplooj yog xim ntsuab, muag muag. Daim ntawv zoo li lub qe, thiab muaj khoov ntawm txoj hlab plawv.

Kua ntoo tus kheej kheej thiab yog zoo heev pollinatorshaum rau Cross-pollination caij ntuj sov ntau yam: Melba, Dawb Pouring, Altai nquab.

Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm ib qib Altai ruddy puag ncig, me me loj, lawv qhov hnyav nruab nrab ntawm 55 mus rau 100 grams.

Cov xim ntawm apples yog lub teeb liab nrog cream Lee. Daim tawv nqaij yog du nrog cov nplua nuj liab kab txaij.

Lub teeb daj nqaij ntawm ib lub kua muaj ib lub qab zib-qaub saj thiab lub qab ntxiag ci aroma.

Apple stalk nqaim thiab ntev tshaj li qhov nruab nrab.

Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj ib qho kaw hom thaj chaw thiab ib lub qhov me me lub qhov taub.

Diam duab

Kev yug me nyuam yav dhau los

Lub creators ntawm Altai Rosy kua ntau yam yog: Lisavenko MA, Kornienko L.Yu., Grankina Z.A., Kalinina I. P., Zhebrovskaya L.Yu.. Lawv ua haujlwm rau hauv Tshawb nrhiav lub koom haum ntawm Teb ntawm Siberia.

Tom qab, qhov ntau yam ua rau ntau thoob plaws nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb thiab sab qaum teb-western thaj tsam ntawm Russia: Arkhangelsk, Vologda, Murmansk, Leningrad, Novgorod, Pskov, Kaliningrad cheeb tsam.

Qhov no ntau yam nkag rau hauv lub register ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo cov qoob loo nyob rau hauv 1985.

Kev loj hlob thaj av ntuj

Lub cheeb tsam ntawm ntau yam kev loj hlob yog Altai Krai. Nyob rau hauv 1988, nws tau raug zoned rau thaj tsam Far Eastern (Primorsky, Khabarovsk Territory, Amur Obast), Western Siberia (Omsk, Tomsk, Novosibirsk, Kemerovo, thaj tsam) thiab Urals (Kurgan, Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk Regions).

Qhov kev nyab xeeb nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam yog txawv los ntawm cov nram qab no nta: ib ntev ntev ntawm lub caij ntuj no thiab tsawg kub thaum lub sij hawm no, ib lub luv luv kub lub caij ntuj sov.

Qhov hloov ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm Kua ntoo nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no yog vim lub txheej ntawm biochemical yam muaj tseeb nyob rau hauv no ntau yam.

Kev cog qoob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no, cov nram qab no yuav tsim: Belfleur Bashkir, Altai Crimson, Anis Sverdlovsk, Ntev (Tuam Tshoj), Bratchud, Ntaub Pua Plag, Cov Pej Xeem, Khoom Plig rau Gardeners, Snowdrop, Persian, Pepin Shafranny, Teeb lub teeb, Sokolovskoye, Ural Haiv neeg, Txiv kab ntxwv, Pentin Shafranny , Phoenix ntawm Altai, tus ntxhais Pepinchik, Lyubava, Altynai.

Tawm

Kua Altai ruddy pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo xwb 4 los yog 5 xyoos tom qab tsawslawv muaj siab yields los ntawm 60 mus rau 80 kg los ntawm ib tsob ntoo.

Kwv yees kwv yees li cas rau lub xeem 10 xyoo tau mus ua 13 tons ntawm ib hectare.

Kev cog thiab kev kho mob

Yuav kom ua tiav siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntoo hauv paus, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los cog rau lawv thiab muab koj lub vaj teb nrog kev tu thiab kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kab tsuag.

Kev cai tsaws:

• Nyob rau lub chaw xaiv ua tib zoo npaj cov av. Koj xav tau fertilize tsawg kawg 50 cm sib sib zog nqus. Ua li no, koj xav tau txog li ntawm 100 quintals ib hectare ntawm cov organic thiab mus txog 2 quintals ib hectare ntawm pob zeb hauv av chiv.
• Qhov no ntau yam yuav cog hauv ib qho ntawm 2 cov nqe lus: txawm yog ntxov nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav (qhov no yuav tsum yog los ntawm ob nrab ntawm lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj mus rau thawj ib nrab ntawm Lub Tsib Hlis), los yog nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg (txij lig Cuaj Hlis mus txog thaum lub Kaum Hli Ntuj).

Yog hais tias koj cog seedlings nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, qhov aub tsiv yog zoo dua los npaj nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, npog nws rau lub caij ntuj no, piv txwv li, nrog ib tug tarpaulin. Yog hais tias cog rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg, qhov aub tsiv yog npaj ib lub hlis ua ntej cog ntoo.

• Qhov dav ntawm qhov tsaws tsoo yuav tsum yog 70-100 centimeters, qhov tob ntawm 70 txog 90 centimeters. Raws li cov av zwm, lub qhov tsoo yuav tsum tau deepened los ntawm 5 centimeters.
• Cov hauv paus hniav yuav tsum tau moisturized. Ua li no, lawv muab tso rau hauv ib qho kev sib tham ntawm hauv av. Nws yog ib qho sib tov sib xyaw dej, av nplaum thiab av. Los tsim nws, siv ib daim ntaub ntub dej uas dissolve qhov sib tov thiab tso ib lub yub rau hauv nws. Tom qab ntawd, qhwv ntaub thiab muab tag nrho cov qauv hauv ib lub hnab yas.

Yog hais tias muaj qhov chaw puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv paus system, lawv yuav tsum pruned kom noj qab haus huv ntoo. Thaum cog tsob ntoo ua kua hauv av, cov hauv paus hniav maj mam muab sib sib zog nqus mus rau hauv thiab mus rau sab.

• Thaum nqa lub tshav tawm, tawm qhov chaw ntawm kev hloov ntawm lub hauv paus mus rau saum toj no-av ib feem ntawm theem ntawm cov av los yog me ntsis hauv qab nws. Ib ncig ntawm seedling ua ib qhov rau tag nrho qhov loj ntawm aub tsiv.
• Rau ib tsob nroj koj yuav tsum tau 3-4 thoob dej.. Tom qab cov dej haus tag, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo rau cov hmoov zoo. Koj tuaj yeem nqa sawdust, peat los yog qhuav hauv av.
• Tom qab cog lawv seedlings shortened los ntawm ib feem peb los ntawm lawv kom ntev mus rau sab qhov muag, ntawm uas ib tug khiav dim yuav tom qab ntawd yuav tsim.

Ntxiv nrog rau cog kom zoo, cov tub ntxhais hluas sapling xav tau kev tu zoo kom nws tuaj yeem mus ua ib tsob ntoo zoo.

• Nyob rau hauv thawj ob peb xyoos tom qab cog cov nroj tsuag spud 20 centimeters siab thiab muab cov khoom rau lub cev tsis tau pib loj hlob tuaj.
• Thaum lub sij hawm fruiting lub sij hawm, los tiv thaiv tsob ntoo los ntawm tawg tus ceg ntoo nyob rau hauv lawv muab khib nyiab. Thaum twg muaj, qhov nyhav ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov ceg yog muab faib ua ke.
• Autumn siv khawb av, ua cov roj teeb. Yuav kom tiv thaiv lub keeb kwm nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no nyob rau hauv ze-av txheej ntawm lub ntiaj teb Kuv khawb hauv humus.
• Los tiv thaiv cov nas tsuag thiab tshav kub, lub pob tw qhwv nrog cov khoom seem, nws zoo dua siv cov ntaub, raws li lawv cia huab cua thiab dej kom dhau.
• Los npaj rau lub caij ntuj no nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub caij ntuj sov nres watering ntoo. Cov ntaub so ntswg yuav tsum nres txoj kev loj hlob thiab tsim ib qho khoom noj ntawm cov khoom txawb. Koj tseem yuav tsum tau txau ntoo tawm tsam wintering pests. Txoj kev ua no yog ua tiav ntawm qhov kub tsis qis tshaj 5 C.

Ua raws li cov kev cai tsim nyog rau kev cog thiab kev tu cov ntoo hauv qab kua txiv yuav ua rau koj zoo yields.

Tab sis dua li uas koj tau ua mus tua tawm tsam pathogens thiab kab tsuaguas xav kom muaj nyob ntawm cov nuj nqis ntawm koj cov nroj tsuag.

Kab mob thiab kab tsuag

Mealy dew. Nws yog tshwm sim los ntawm microscopic fungi uas tsim ib gray Bloom on nplooj, buds, inflorescences, tom qab maturation ntawm pathogen spores kua dauv tshwm, thiab Bloom acquires ib xim av tint.

Nplooj, buds thiab buds qhuav tawm thiab poob tawm. Siv rau kev kho mob tshuaj "Topaz", "Hom", Skor ". Cov kev kho mob yog nqa tawm rau thawj lub sij hawm thaum lub sij hawm tsim ntawm nplooj, ob tom qab flowering, peb tom qab sau lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo.

Cytosporosis.Fungal tus kab mob cuam tshuam lub bark ntawm cov ntoo. Cov tsos mob yog tsim los ntawm cov xim av daj rau ntawm lub cev ntawm ib tsob ntoo. Cov chaw puas tsuaj tawm nrog cov ceg ntoo nyob ntawm lawv.

Thawj kev kho mob tawm tsam cytosporosis yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ua ntej qhov tsos ntawm nplooj, siv "Homa" daws. Qhov thib ob kev kho mob yog ua ua ntej lub sij hawm ntawm tsim ntawm paj - tooj liab sulphate. Qeb peb tom qab flowering - daws "Homa".

Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo Liab. Brown xim tshwm rau ntawm txiv apples ripening. Yuav kom tiv thaiv nws, siv cov tshuaj "Hom", ua ob txoj kev kho mob. Thawj zaug thaum lub sij hawm ntawm lub tsim ntawm nplooj, ob - tom qab flowering. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo raug puas tsuaj los ntawm ntoo thiab av thiab hlawv.

Kabmob dub Koj tuaj yeem pom tus kab mob no los ntawm kev muaj cov cwj pwm ntawm cov nplooj, uas nce loj thiab zauv. Lub taub tawv ntawm tsob ntoo yog tawg, tsob nroj cov ntaub so ntswg thiab tuaj tawm.

Tom qab flowering nplooj sprayed Bordeaux kua. Tej thaj chaw deb yuav tsum raug kub hnyiab rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw.

Ntxiv nrog rau ntau cov kab mob cov ntoo raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov kab tsuagcuam ​​tshuam nplooj, tawv, paj thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo.

Kab tsuag thiab txoj hauv kev zoo rau lawv.

Lub ntsiab pests ntawm Kua ntoo yog kua mites, aphid thiab moth nplooj thiab moths, crayfish, moth thiab tsvetoyed.

Apple aphid nqus cov kua txiv los ntawm nplooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag, los tiv thaiv tawm tsam nws yog siv txau siv luam yeeb los yog karbophos daws.

Yuav tiv thaiv thiab ntaus rog kua mite lawv ntxuav tawm qub chaw ntawm bark thiab hlawv lawv deb los ntawm Kua plantings.

Los ntawm slates thiab brakes tshem tau nyuaj heev. Txau nrog cov kua qaub los yog cov pa luam yeeb.

Siv tshuaj tsuag chlorophos los yog "Zolona", koj tuaj yeem yeej kua moth, leafworm thiab paj beetle.

Tiv thaiv cov ntoo los ntawm kab tsuag thaum npaj rau lub caij ntuj no thiab lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thaum ntxov.

Nyob rau hauv lub Autumn, nco ntsoov sau thiab hlawv poob nplooj. Caij nplooj ntoos hlav prophylactic kev kho mob ntawm bark thiab ceg.

Nyob rau hauv xaus, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub Altai Rosy ntau yam.

Zoo: tsis kam mus hloov kub, thaum ntxov ripening thiab fruiting li niaj zaus.

Cov kev tsis zoo muaj xws li: qhov me me ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, lawv muaj zog shedding thiab me me txee lub neej.