Nyiaj txiag ntawm kev noj qab nyob thiab nyiaj pab - dub currant ntau yam "Belarusian Sweet"

Qhov no Berry shrub yuav pom nyob rau hauv lub vaj teb los ntawm ib tug meej ntxhiab ("currant" - nyob rau hauv lub qub Lavxias).

Li ntawd, peb hu nws rau ob peb centuries currants, qhov txawv qhov xim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau dub, liab thiab kub.

Dub peb xav tias: raws li lub niaj zaus faib, qhov tshwj xeeb tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm berries, kho cov cuab yeej ntawm tag nrho cov morphological ntsiab ntawm Bush.

Peb tsis nres picking berries los ntawm cov nroj tsuag qus, tab sis peb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hwm lub varietal berries.

Thaj chaw ntawm yug me nyuam thiab yug me nyuam keeb kwm

Qhov ntau yam ntawm dub currant yog tag nrho cov av ntawm Northern Hemisphere. Qhov chaw currant sawv cev los ntawm tsuas yog ib hom, raws li nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe, thiab ib qhov twg los ntawm tag nrho cov lwm yam 149th hom. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntawm qus berries - Siberia, lub Far East thiab North America.

Txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ib tug txiv neej uas tau koom nrog dub currant cultivation txij li thaum lub xyoo pua 16th tau txais cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj dua nyob rau hauv qhov thiab muab cov tshiab lub neej-ua hauj rau cov kab mob thiab kab tsuag.

Yog li ntawd, cov nroj tsuag savages thiab mus rau hnub no yog cov khwb khuav koom tes rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev hla, muab cov khoom zoo li "Belarusian Sweet".

Nyob rau hauv cov creation ntawm no ntau yam, lub breeders ntawm National Lub koom haum ntawm Critical Studies ntawm Belarus siv ib txoj kev ntawm interspecific hla.

Lawv coj raws li lub hauv paus hybrid 2-4D los yog 2-6D, nyob rau hauv lub pedigree ntawm uas heredity ntawm nrov European hom thiab xaiv subspecies ntawm Siberia thiab Far East cuam tshuam.

10 xyoo ib tug hybrid dhau varietal xeem thiaj li tau txais mus rau hauv lub Xeev Sau npe nyob rau hauv 1979 raws li pom zoo rau cultivation hauv 10 thaj tsam ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation.

Niaj hnub no, tus qhab nia zoo, tau muab pov thawj, txhim khu kev qha "Belarusian qab zib" - ib qho chaw cog vaj tse hauv vaj liaj teb thiab cov khoom ntiag tug ntawm 45 thaj chaw ntawm Russia. Nws yog lees paub tias ua rau ntau hom kab mob no rau thaj tsam tsis-chernozem.

Txawm li cas los, xws li ntau yam raws li Bagheera, Gulliver, Venus, Dachnitsa, Valovaya thiab Dobrynya yog feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm cheeb tsam no.

20 berries dub currant nyob rau hauv txhua hnub noj haus - txhua hnub tus nqi peb lub cev nyob hauv ascorbic acid.

Diam duab

Nqe lus piav ntawm Belarusian Sweet currant ntau yam

Dub currant "Belarusian qab zib" piav qhia. Nws yog ncaj qha gooseberry txheeb ze, deciduous, bushy nroj. Nyob rau hauv lub qhov, nws prefers tov cov hav zoov, cov hav dej hav dej thiab cov kab txaij. Loj hlob ib leeg lossis hauv cov zej zog.

Ua tau, cov cwj pwm zoo tib yam kuj yog yam ntxwv ntawm ntau yam. "Belarusian qab zib":

• hlub lub teeb, tab sis tsis txhob ib nrab-ntxoov ntxoo
• prefers fertile drained xau, tab sis hlob zoo ntawm loams;
• ntshai kev hloov kub nyob rau hauv lub flowering theem thiab tsis zam waterlogging.

Nyob rau hauv ntxoov ntxoo, lub nroj tsuag yuav nres fruiting, thiab nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm sedge tuaj khob khob.

1. Tsob nroj raws li qhov siab, lawv tau ntaus nqi mus rau vigorous (txog 1.2 m), raws li lub scatter ntawm tua - medium kis (txog li 1, 2 m).

   Daim ntawv muaj ib qho sib npaug, sib sau cov kab ua muaj zog ntawm lub cev nrog cov plaub ncaj.

   Nws hlob txhua xyoo los ntawm lub hauv paus nrog tshiab hov paus tua, uas nyob rau hauv ib lub xyoo twb pib ceg, thiab tom qab 3 xyoo - dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo.

   Lawv tsim lub cev pob txha ntawm ib tug Bush, uas tom qab 8 xyoo loses nws qub tsim tau. Cov kab mob hnav tau txiav tawm lub sijhawm, thiab lub qub cog, uas tau mus txog 15 xyoo, yog hloov los ntawm ib lub tshiab.

2. Hauv paus system nyob hauv superficially nyob rau hauv ib tug 30-centimeter txheej ntawm av, tab sis ib tug neeg laus muaj peev xwm muab tau haib keeb kwm tob cia (txog li 2 m). Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qhov tseem ceeb thaum cog cog mus rau hauv tus account qhov tob ntawm av.
3. Currant Tua sawv cev los ntawm 4 hom (tov, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, pob paj, tsho). Lawv kuj txawv hauv cov xim: qee yam ntawm lawv cov xim anthocyaonic - nyob rau hauv cov ntau ntawm saturated liab - violet xim, uas nyob ntawm acidic ib puag ncig.

   Nruab nrab nyob rau hauv tuab - grey, me ntsis pubescent. Txhua tus tshiab tua muaj 3 txoj kev loj hlob aav thiab tsuas yog 2 (qaum) cov khoom ua si.

4. Raum nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm functionality lawv qhia: tsaug zog, kev loj hlob thiab flowering. Nyob rau ntawm txawv tua, buds sib txawv nyob rau hauv cov xim, qhov loj thiab cov duab. Loj hlob buds muab txoj kev loj hlob hov paus, paj - txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Sleepers - tos hauv tis, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm heev mob rau cov nroj tsuag.
5. Nplooj - lub teeb ntsuab (me thiab lighter ntawm qhov xaus ntawm cov ceg ntoo) muaj ib tug 3-hau qauv nrog ib tug lobe haib nruab nrab. Qhov saum npoo ntawm daim ntawv phaj yog dull, ntsws ntsws, ntug nto dej nrog cov hniav. Scape - liab-liab doog, ntev.
6. Paj - tus kheej-fertile, uas nyob ntawm qhov ratio ntawm lub stamens thiab sab. Cov xim yog faded yellowish-ntsuab, lub paj yog me me tswb, nrog 5 oval petals, sau nyob rau hauv ib tug txhuam, uas muaj peev xwm yuav qhib paj thiab buds tib lub sijhawm. Flowering tsis noj chaw ib txhij, tab sis sequentially: los ntawm lub hauv paus mus rau qhov kawg ntawm txhuam.
7. Txhuamtsim nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm flowering, nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm cov tsos ntawm ovary acquires ib tug me me txog li 7 cm (3-6 berries). Ripening berries yog tib yam li flowering, li qhia siv kuj. Txhuam cov xoob, dai, qee zaus ua ke hauv cov pawg.
8. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo - sib npaug, tsw qab, tsis muaj calibrated, nyob rau hauv ntau theem ntawm kev loj hlob hloov xim ntawm ntsuab mus rau xim av thiab tsaus liab doog; daim tawv nqaij yog ci iab, ntom muaj dyes - los ntawm cov pab pawg flavanoids; txhua Berry weighing 1.6 grams. mus txog 37 noob.

   Cov ntsiab lus ntawm vitamin "C" muab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nplua nuj-qaub saj. Overriding ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua rau lawv shedding.

9. Tawm ntau yam - txog li 5 kg los ntawm ib tug Bush los yog 12 t / his (nyob rau hauv industrial ntau lawm). Kev tsim tau nyhav dhau 4-5 xyoos, tom qab ntawm stabilization (mus txog 12 xyoos).

   Qhov siab tshaj plaws tsim tau ntawm Bush yog pom nyob rau ntawm 6-8 xyoo ntawm hnub nyoog. Txawm tias unfavorable mob thaum lub sij hawm flowering theem tsis cuam tshuam rau lub tawm los.

Raws li nws tau hais, lub saj ntawm no currant yog zoo, uas ua rau nws ua tau kom zoo jam los ntawm nws, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog lub caij ntuj sov kua ntau yam: Yellow Qab zib, Korobovka, Red Hill, Papirovka, Dachny.

Tsis yog-simultaneous ripening ntawm berries nyob rau hauv txhuam ua rau ib tug txawv me me ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, uas cuam tshuam qhov kev nthuav qhia. Qhov ntau yam yog weakly yooj yim rau kev mob qhov mob.

Main zoo siab Belarusian dub currant ntau yam:

• thaum ntxov nkag rau hauv lub sij hawm fruiting (rau xyoo thib ob ntawm seedling lub neej);
• peev xwm rau tus kheej-pollination nrog efficiency txog li 72%;
• ntau tshaj txhua xyoo fruiting;
• thaum ntxov ripening (los ntawm nruab nrab Lub Xya hli ntuj);
• zoo heev neeg zoo ntawm berries;
• universality ntawm kev siv;
• lub caij ntuj no hardiness;
• tsis kam mus rau kab mob kab mob thiab zuam puas;
• kev ywj siab zoo ntawm kev siv tshuaj ntsuab.

Siv ntawm berries

Txij li thaum lub Belarusian Sweet yog ib tug universal ntau yam, nws tej zaum yuav zoo siv raws li nram no:

• rau cov hom phiaj kho mob, nyob rau hauv multivitamin preparations (berries, buds, nplooj) thiab anti-inflammatory ointments, raws li gamma-linolenic acid muaj nyob hauv cov noob;
• rau cov hom phiaj zoo nkauj, raws li ib lub caij ntawm kev tsim cov toj roob hauv pes;
• raws li ib tug tsim cov zib mu nroj (30 kg / his);
• raws li ib tug flavoring (tshuaj yej, kvass, sauces) thiab txuj lom rau pickling;
• raws li muaj cov khoom noj khoom haus (khoom qab zib qab zib);
• raws li cov khoom siv rau cov dej cawv thiab kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo: kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, kwj pwm, tinctures, wines, liqueurs, yogurt, jams, jams, jellies, pastila, ntsaws rau pies thiab khoom qab zib;
• raws li ib yam khoom ntawm instant khov nrog preservation ntawm saj ntawm nyob berries.

Dub currant tag nrho khaws tag nrho nws cov khoom siv tseem ceeb tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm khov, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv txhua yam ntawm kev ua rau tsev-ua npaj.

Nws mus zoo nrog liab currants, piv nrog rau ntau yam: Andreichenko, Natalie, Jam, Beloved.

Kev kho mob

Koj yuav tsum paub dab tsi "Belarusian qab zib" loj hlob thiab txi txiv ntoo hauv koj lub vaj.

1. Xaiv qhov chaw zoo:
   • kaw rau zog cua;
   • nrog cov teeb pom kev txaus;
   • muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav dej thaum lub sij hawm melting ntawm snow;
   • tshem tawm ntawm av;
   • av acidity tsis siab tshaj pH7.
2. Tsaws kom txog thaum nrab-Lub Kaum Hlis, tsis txhob hloov tsheb tom qab.
3. Tsim nyob rau hauv collective plantings ntawm tej yam kev mob rau cov ncaj qha (hauv ntau yam) thiab Cross (nrog rau lwm yam ntau yam) pollination. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm qhov deb ntawm bushes yuav tsum nyob twj ywm yam tsawg kawg 1.5 meters.
4. Los tas li hloov lub Bush ntawm cov nuj nqis ntawm hov paus tua, nws twb pib cog rau hauv av ntawm ib kaum ntawm 45◦ thiaj li hais tias kev loj hlob buds muaj qhov twg tig.
5. Nrog kev pab ntawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav pruning tau significantly pab lub nroj tsuag zoo tom qab lub caij ntuj no, tawm hauv 10-12 tua ntawm txawv hnub nyoog.
6. Tsis tu ncua watering - 10 liv nyob rau hauv Bush.
7. Loosening yuav tsum precede watering.
8. Weeding kuj tseem ceeb rau currants.
9. 2 zaug ib lub caij currants nyiam dua sprayed nrog ib tug daws ntawm tooj liab sulphate.
10. Npaj lub Bush rau lub caij ntuj no, koj yuav tsum tau tshem tawm tag nrho cov nplooj qhuav thiab ib tug muaj zog qaum kom rub tawm Bush nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv ib feem.

Nyob rau hauv feem ntau heev frosts, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub caij ntuj no nws yog pom zoo dej cov nroj tsuag thiab hauv av nyob rau hauv nws nrog boiling dej. Xws li kev nyuaj siab kho kom lub siab ntawm qhov txhuam thiab qhov loj ntawm lub berries.

Raws li rau cov kab mob, peb xav kom koj paub koj tus kheej nrog cov kab mob zoo nkauj tshaj plaws ntawm kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog peb lub vev xaib: anthracnose, chlorosis, bacteriosis, oidium thiab mildew, as well as //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha .html, xeb, kab mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab kab mob khees xaws, rubella.

Dub currant ntau yam "Belarusian Sweet" - cov khoom muaj nqis rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab cov txiaj ntsig nyob hauv ib tsob nroj. Sow nyob rau hauv ib tug kab - yeej nyob rau hauv lub sau.