Cherry yog rightfully nrov ntawm cov neeg ua teb hnub no. Muaj coob tus neeg nyiam qhov qub saj ntawm appetizing thiab noj qab haus huv qab zib thiab qaub liab berries.
Ib tug xws li tseem ceeb Cherry hom yog qib Morozovka.
Cherry Morozovka yog nyiam los ntawm gourmets rau nws zoo heev saj, thiab muab lub tswv yim los ntawm gardeners, nws kuj yog ib tug zoo tawm los, ib tug tag nrho piav qhia ntawm ntau yam thiab ib tug yees duab ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog ntxiv nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm.
Yug me nyuam keeb kwm thiab yug me nyuam thaj av
Cherry ntau Morozovka (lub thib ob lub npe yog Morozovskaya) twb bred nyob rau hauv Russia nrog ib lub qhov muag nyob rau agrotechnical thiab huab cua tej yam kev mob ntawm lub nruab nrab cheeb tsam ntawm lub teb chaws, uas yog txawv me ntsis kev nyab xeeb thiab txias ntev winters.
Raws li cov kev cai ntawm lub caij ntuj no hardiness tswj ntawm no txiv hmab txiv ntoo hom, rau ob peb lub xyoo nyob rau hauv lub 1980s target tareding ua hauj lwm tau nqa tawm All-Lavxias Kev tshawb fawb lub koom haum ntawm Horticulture thiab Nursery. I. V. Michurin (Michurinsk, Tambov cheeb tsam).
Cov ntau tau txais nws lub npe tsis tsuas yog vim nws tsis kam mus rau Frost, tab sis kuj los ntawm lub npe ntawm tus sau - Tamara Morozova, ib tug paub zoo kws nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob zeb cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Cov hauj lwm yog tsim kom muaj ntau yam uas yuav tsum tau txais kev haum xeeb rau cov huab cua hauv cheeb tsam ntawm lub zog hauv teb chaws Russia thiab yuav txawv ntawm qhov nce lub caij ntuj no hardiness, siab yields, exquisite saj thaj, me me kev loj hlob thiab muaj zog tiv thaiv rau tus kab mob fungal coccomycosis.
Frostbite tau txais los ntawm kev hla cherry ntau yam Lyubskaya thiab Vladimirskaya.
Ntxiv mus, cov noob ntawm Vladimirskaya ua ntej hla tau kho nyob rau hauv germinated theem nrog ib tug mutagenic tshuaj ethyleneimine (EI) ntawm ib tug concentration ntawm 0.025%.
Qib Morozovka hauv 1988 raug xa mus rau lub Xeev cov kev sib tw.
Xws li ntau yam xws li Turgenevka, Kharitonovskaya, Shokoladnitsa, Shubinka yog npaj rau cultivation nyob rau hauv nruab nrab cheeb tsam.
Tsos ntawm Cherry Morozovka
Cherry Morozovka muaj cov yeeb yam nram qab no:
Tsob Ntoo
Differs nyob rau hauv qis los yog nruab nrab qhov siab, feem ntau yog nroj tsuag qhov siab tsis pub tshaj 2.5 meters.
Plaub thiab ceg ntoo. Txaus dav, tsa. Nws yog characterized los ntawm ntsis thickness thiab muaj ib cov duab nyob ze rau pob. Tsim cov me ntsis wilted ceg. On lub ntsiab pob tw thiab skeletal ceg ntawm crown cov ntaub ntawv ib bark ntawm ib lub teeb xim av xim.
Tua. Loj loj heev, grey-ntsuab xim. Lawv tsim muaj tsawg tus lenticles. On qhov tua buds raug tsim, nyob rau hauv contour zoo li lub qe, uas, tsim, deviate los ntawm tua.
Nplooj. Lawv yog cov txawv ntawm ib tsos xim ntsuab, nrog lub ci ntsa iab, ntawm lub hauv paus - nrog lub me ntsis reddening. Cov duab ntawm ib tug nqaim ntawv zoo li lub vov oval. Nyob rau ntawm lub sawv ntawm nplooj, muaj ib qho txawv bicuspid serration, nplooj ntoos saum npoo nws tus kheej yog tus. Cov nplooj ntoos no cia rau ntev thiab tsis heev petiole.
Paj Cov paj, theej loj loj, tau sib npaug ntawm cov xim dawb. Cov Hnub ntawm flowering Cherry Morozovka kwv yees li nruab nrab.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Lub ntsiab wealth ntawm no tsob ntoo - nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo - muaj ib puag ncig cov duab thiab ib tug nplua nuj tsaus liab xim.
Ripe Berry ceeb thawj nce 4-5 grams ntawm nruab nrab. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog khaws cia ntawm tsob ntoo los ntawm txoj kev qis qis.
Txawm li cas los, nrog mechanical tuav, txiv hmab txiv ntoo tau yooj yim ua txhaum tawm lub qia. Sab hauv lub cev ntom ntub thiab muaj kua voos liab-liab yog ib pob txha loj heev, uas yog yooj yim nrug ntawm lub lauj kaub tais diav. Nyob rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus cwj pwm thiab me ntsis.
Diam duab
Yam ntxwv ntawm ntau yam
Qhov no Cherry belongs rau feem ntau ntau ntawm cov uas twb muaj lawm pawg ntawm ntau yam - pawg ntawm nws tus kheej infertile cherries.
Ib tug yam ntxwv ntawm cov nroj tsuag xws li lawv cov tsis muaj peev xwm fertilize nrog kev pab los ntawm tus kheej-pollination ntawm lawv cov paj.
Yog li ntawd hais tias cov kab lis kev cai yuav nquag loj hlob, tsim thiab dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nyob rau hauv qhov ze ntawm nws yog tsim nyog yuav tau cog qoob loo tus kheej-fruited cherries.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws pollinators rau ntau yam Morozovka xam Griot Michurinsky, Zhukovskaya, Lebedyanskaya.
Cov pollinators zoo heev, txawm nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm ib tug neeg pluag kev nyab xeeb thiab nyob rau hauv qhaj ntawv ntawm "ua hauj lwm" ntawm bees.
Nyob rau hauv ib txwm ua ecology tsob ntoo pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv 3-4 xyoo tom qab cog lub seedlinguas muab vim li cas rau qhov no ntau yam li skoroplodny. Nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm yug me nyuam, nyob rau hauv Michurinsk, lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm lub sij hawm nruab nrab ntawm maturation yuav tau sau nyob rau hauv ob ib nrab ntawm Lub Xya hli ntuj.
Nrog kev saib xyuas zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb rau cov huab cua, tsis tu ncua Tawm los yog nruab nrab ntawm 50-65 quintals ib hectare.
High yields kuj qhia los ntawm tib lub hnub nyoog, Rossoshanskaya Dub, Ural Ruby thiab Tsarevna.
Tus ciaj sia zootxaus high yield thiab tseem ceeb tsw thiab txheeb raws roj ntsha zoo ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo Qee cov khoom ntawm Morozovka kuj pab txhawb.
Nyob rau hauv kev, tsob ntoo ntawm no ntau yam qhia txog qib siab drought tsis kam thiab lub caij ntuj no hardiness. Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias qhov tom kawg ntiag tug tsis yog nyob hauv txhua qhov ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Lub caij ntuj no hardiness ntsuas paug paj buds thiab paj ntawm no Cherry, uas muaj peev xwm khov thiab tuag thaum lub sij hawm hnyav lub caij ntuj no thiab txawm nrog me rov qab frosts, feem ntau kaw tseg nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb thaj tsam ntawm Lavxias teb sab dub av cheeb tsam.
High school lub caij ntuj no hardiness kuj qhia los ntawm Volochaevka, Shokoladnitsa thiab Zhukovskaya ntau yam.
Ib qho loj ntxiv ntawm ntau yam yog qhov uas ua rau cov neeg tsis hnov mob. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias Frost txiv hmab txiv ntoo tau tso ntev thauj zoouas yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau kev xa khoom tuaj raws sij hawm ntawm cov khoom siv rau kev ua lag luam. Tag nrho cov no ua rau no Cherry universal qib nrog zoo nruab nrab thaj chaw ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Qhov piv ntawm lub ntsiab tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv Morozovka yog raws li nram no:
| Muaj pes tsawg leeg | Cov naj npawb ntawm |
|---|---|
| Qab zib | 10,5% |
| Acids | 1,37% |
| Ascorbic acid | 30 mg / 100 g |
Kws txawj hais txog cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev noj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov tsiaj no.
Ntxiv nrog rau ascorbic acid, Morozov cherries yog nplua nuj nyob hauv cov organic thiab folic acids, muaj nqis macro-thiab microelements, pectin tshuaj, ntau cov vitamins.
Dietitians pom zoo tsis tsuas noj txiv ntoo tshiab, tab sis kuj ua ntau yam noj qab haus huv compotes, jams thiab jams los ntawm lawv.
Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov ntoo no zoo li qhov chaw ntawm raw khoom noj rau kev npaj ntau cov khoom noj, nrog rau cov dej cawv hauv tsev (liqueurs thiab liqueurs).
Thiab qhov no yog to taub heev, txij thaum lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm Morozovka, ripening, tau ntau heev qab ntxiag thiab tseem ceeb tsw "raisins".
Liab cherries ntawm no dessert ntau yam, lub qab ntxiag tsos ntawm uas yog ntse underlined los ntawm ib tug me ntsis qaub, tig tawm mus yuav heev delicious. Ntxiv mus, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo xyaum tsis txhob poob lawv saj, tab txawm thaum lub sij hawm ua noj ua haus thiab kev kho cua sov.
Versatile kuj ntau yam Volochaevka, Moscow Griot thiab Lighthouse.
Kev cog thiab kev kho mob
Rau qhov zoo kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag thoob plaws hauv nws lub neej nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau xaiv qhov chaw zoo rau cog lub seedling.
Yog li ntawd qhov chaw zoo rau Morozovka yog ib qho av ua av uas absorbs ya raws thiab zoo ventilated. (tab sis tsis muaj cua txias). Ntawm chav kawm, nws yuav tsum tau zoo zes los ntawm tshav ntuj.
Nws tseem yog yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tias Cherry ntau Morozovka tsis zam stagnant dej, uas yog fraught nrog overwetting ntawm hauv paus system thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm hnyav dej nag. Vim li no, kua dej yuav tsum muab - muab cov dej ntau dhau ntawm qhov chaw tsaws.
Hloov Morozovka li niaj zaus tshwm sim los ntawm grafting thiab budding. Lub hauv paus rate ntawm ntsuab cuttings yog txog 70%.
Sau seedlings nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, tab sis lawv cog nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Cov av zoo dua. nrog nruab nrab acidity. Zoo nyob cov nroj tsuag me on zeb, xuab zeb xau thiab loams.
Thaum xaiv ib lub av tsis haum rau cog, koj yuav tsum xav txog qhov tseeb faib ntawm seedlings nyob rau hauv lub vaj teb cuab ntxhiab. Thiaj li rau cov ntoo kom mob siab, nruab nrab ntawm lawv nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tiv thaiv nrug nyob rau hauv qhov ntau ntawm 2.5 mus rau 3.5 m.
Tom qab ntawd qhov tsaws pits yog tsim. Txhua fossa yuav tsum muaj lub cheeb 50-60 cm thiab tob 40-50 cm. Cov av muab tshem tawm thaum lub sij hawm kev khawb yog tov nrog chiv (humus), ib qho me me ntawm chloride poov tshuaj, tshauv, superphosphate. Yog hais tias cov av muaj ib cov av nplaum cov ntsiab lus, nws yog ntshaw ntxiv 1-1.5 thoob ntawm cov xuab zeb zoo tib yam.
Muaj tsim ib sapling nyob rau hauv ib lub qhov, nws lub cev yog instilled nyob rau hauv nws, cov av ntawm lub pob tw yog stamped. Hauv vojvoog 20-30 cm ntawm lub pob tw los ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsim ib tug radial ncej. Nyob rau hauv lub funnel li tsim ncuav 2-3 thoob ntawm txias dej refined.
Cov av uas sank tom qab watering yog mulched nrog ib tug sib tov ntawm humus thiab sawdust. Rau ib tug zoo zoo, ib txheej ntawm mulch uas tiv thaiv cov av los ntawm ziab tawm yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 2-3 cm tuab.
Muab kev saib xyuas ntawm cov nroj tsuag thaum lub sij hawm tag nrho ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob yog li niaj zaus weeding thiab loosening cov av, raws li tau zoo raws li nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov Periodic ntawm tsim nyog chiv.
Nws yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub siab no nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm Ntxiv ntawm pob zeb hauv av chiv thaum lub sij hawm ntawm cog, muab kev pab cuam tsis qhia nyob rau hauv ob peb xyoos tom ntej.
Tsis tas li ntawd ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev tu zoo ntawm cherries Morozovka yog tas mus li xyuas ntawm qhov mob ntawm nws crown thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, nws dilution. Pruned ceg kuj nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim hais tias cov tua ua dhau lawm ntev (50 cm los yog ntau tshaj).
Yog hais tias koj tsis ua raws li cov txheej txheem no, lub sij hawm ntawm tseem ceeb kev ua si ntawm bouquet ceg yuav heev ntim, thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo lawv tus kheej yuav feem ntau ua me thiab poob lawv cov qualities gustatory.
Ntawm no koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias pruning ntawm crown yog pub tsuas yog nrog tuaj txog ntawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav, peb lub lis piam ua ntej lub buds swell.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias raws li ib tug ntawm Morozovka xaiv nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm susceptibility mus rau cov kab mob, ib tug zoo heev ntau yam tau.
Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, muaj ntau tus kws paub xav paub yuav luag zero zero ntawm no Cherry rau coccomycosis thiab tsis tshua muaj siab siab ntawm ntau yam mus rau lwm cov kab mob nrov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qoob loo.
Cov ntau yam Lebedyanskaya, Malinovka thiab Novella qhia zoo tsis kam mus rau fungal kab mob.
Txawm li cas los, zoo li lwm cov ntoo Cherry, Morozovka heev hlub los ntawm tag nrho cov xaiv ntawm nas. Cov pests, deprived ntawm yooj yim mus siv khoom noj thaum lub caij ntuj no, pub on bark thiab ceg.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov neeg loj hlob, lawv lub cev thiab cov ceg ntoo raug pom zoo rau lub caij ntuj no los muab qhwv cov teeb meem ntom ntom.
Ob qho tib si tshiab thiab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm jam los yog compote, ib tug six thiab noj qab haus huv Morozovka yuav muab ib tug neeg uas tau nqis peev nyob rau hauv nws ua hauj lwm thiab tus ntsuj plig ib tug kuj zoo kawg thiab Library.
