Ntawm cov loj tus naj npawb ntawm Cherry ntau yam yog heev nyuaj rau navigate thiab xaiv ib tug zoo tsob ntoo rau koj qhov chaw.
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, them nyiaj rau lub caij ntuj no hardiness, tus kheej-fertility, tawm los ntau yam thiab nws tsis kam mus rau loj cov kab mob ntawm lub Cherry.
Zoo li hluas thiab tsis tshua muaj tshwm Cherry ntau yam Lighthouse. Koj yuav pom tias dab tsi zoo tshaj plaws txog lub lighthouse Cherry thiab seb nws yog tsim rau cog nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm ntau yam thiab cov duab ntxiv nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm.
Yug me nyuam keeb kwm thiab yug me nyuam thaj av
Nws muab tawm no ntau yam nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm painstaking ua hauj lwm nyob rau Cross-pollination ntawm ob peb xyoos seedlings Michurin ntau yam ntawm cherries.
Qhov ntau yam yog tsev rau Sverdlovsk (tam sim no Yekaterinburg). Breeders nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua lag luam horticultural tau koom nyob rau hauv yug me nyuam: S.V. Zhukov thiab N.I. Gvozdyukova.
Lub lighthouse twb zoned nyob rau hauv 1974 nyob hauv thaj av nruab nrab Volga, tab sis sai kis thoob plaws hauv central Russia.
Vim hais tias ntawm nws zoo Frost tsis kam, qhov no ntau yam yog tseem zus nyob rau hauv Baltic States thiab Belarus. Nyob rau hauv Soviet lub sij hawm, lub lighthouse twb dav siv nyob rau hauv industrial teb.
Cov nram qab no ntau yam ntawm Volochaevka, Chokoladnitsa thiab Lyubskaya kuj qhia zoo lub caij ntuj no hardiness.
Tshwm sim ntawm Cherry lighthouse
Xav txog qhov txawv ntawm tsob ntoo thiab nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Tsob Ntoo
Cherry ntau yam Beacon yog tsawg sprawling Bush nroj tsuag nrog ib tug tsawg oval crown, tsis loj hlob siab tshaj 2 m. Lub buds yog ntse, me me, tsis nyob ib sab mus rau tua.
Cov nplooj yog oval, ntseeg tau elongated, tsaus ntsuab, ci, nrog lub tswv yim ntse thiab nplua cov hniav ntawm cov sawv.
Lub paj yog dawb, loj hlob nyob rau hauv inflorescences ntawm 3 pieces txhua thiab lawv Bloom lig dhau lawm, nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov Lub rau hli ntuj. Tej nplaim plhaws nyob rau hauv. Loj hlob tsuas yog rau cov tub ntxhais hluas, txhua xyoo twigs.
Shrubs tseem muaj siab cherries, Moscow Griot thiab Zhukovskaya.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Cov berries yog heev loj, weighing txog 4-6 grams, tsaus liab, puag ncig, me ntsis flattened on ntawm seam sab. Cov nqaij yog ci liab, tsis tshua muaj muaj kua, nrog ib tug kuj zoo kawg thiab Sweet saj.
Loj ntau yam yuav khav li xws li ntau yam Podbelskaya, Vyanok thiab Morozova Khoom qab zib.
Cov suab thaj hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog siab thiab cov acidity yog tsawg. Cov pob txha yog oval, dav, lub teeb xim av, yooj yim heev cais los ntawm lub pulp.
Lighthouse - universal qib. Nws yog sib npaug zoo rau ob qho tib si tshiab thiab rau cov dej npau npau, compote los yog khov. Lub berries ntawm no ntau yam muaj ib tug zoo kawg thiab dessert saj thiab zoo nkauj tsos.
Diam duab
Yam ntxwv ntawm ntau yam
Beacon pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo twb 3-4 xyoo tom qab kev poob siab. Lub Bush yog heev ruaj, nrog tu nws muaj peev xwm muab zoo yields 30 xyoo lossis ntau dua.
Berries ripen tib lub sijhawmthiab txoj kev no yuav siv qhov chaw txij thaum Lub Xya Hli mus txog thaum Lub Yim Hli. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis nquag mus tawg, tab sis nyob rau hauv tej yam mob lawv tau tawg. Yog li ntawd cov qoob loo yog cov qoob loo raws li nws ripens.
Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab latitudes, tawm los ntawm no ntau yam yog zoo heev. Qhov nruab nrab, los ntawm ib tug neeg laus Bush tau sau txog 10-15 kg ntawm berries. Nyob rau hauv huab cua climates thiab yields yuav siab dua.
Xws ntau yam li Dub Large, Chernokorka, Uralskaya Rubinovaya thiab Rossoshanskaya Dub muaj siab yields.
Lub caij ntuj no hardiness ntawm lub Beacon kuj tsis yog phem. Nws tolerates frosts rau -30-35 C. Tab sis nyob rau hauv qis kub buds thiab tua tej zaum yuav khov. Qhov ntau yam tolerates ib tug ntev drought.
Cherry Lighthouse - ib nrab samoplodny qib.
Rau siab dua kev pom zoo kom cog tom ntej ntau yam tsim nyog rau pollination: Nizhnekamsk, Toiler ntawm Tartary, Shakirovskaya.
Rau tag nrho cov zoo, muaj ntau cov kev tsis zoo. Thaum siab ntub theem feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo rot thiab coccomycosis.
Ntawm pests, qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws rau Mayak yog slimy sawfly thiab cherry aphid. Tab sis nrog kev tu, cov kev ua tiav thiab cov pob txha, cov teeb meem no yuav raug txo kom tsawg.
Kev cog thiab kev kho mob
Vim lub fact tias lub lighthouse tsis yog lub caij ntuj no-hardiness, qhov chaw rau tsaws yog xaiv sov, ci thiab zoo tiv thaiv los ntawm cov cua.
Cov av yuav tsum yog lub teeb, zoo drained, xuab zeb los yog loamy.
Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom cog no ntau yam nyob rau hauv lub lowlands, thiab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nrog kaw tshwm sim ntawm av.
Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws yog tsim nyog los cog txog peb ntau yam ntawm pollinators, thaum nruj me ntsis tsom kwm landing tswvyim: 2 * 2.5 m.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm rau cog yog caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Cov av yuav tsum sov so kom zoo. Txiv qaub xaiv lub tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum yog lub caij nplooj zeeg. Rau qhov koj tuaj yeem siv tau ntoo tshauv, hais txog 500-600 grams ib square meter.
Lub caij pib av av npaj yog tseem nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, tab sis tsis ua ntej tshaj li 2-3 lub lis piam tom qab liming.
Lub ntiaj teb tsis sib sib zog nqus (on the bayonet ntawm shovel) dug li, xaiv cov nyom thiab ntxiv 15-20 kg ntawm humus, 100 grams ntawm superphosphate thiab txog 50 grams potassium sulfate ib square meter. m
Tom qab ntawd, npaj mus rau qhov kev npaj ntawm cog qhov. Khawb lawv mus rau ib tug tob ntawm 40-50 cm thiab ib lub cheeb ntawm txog 70 cm. Sau lub qhov dej nrog sib tov los ntawm humus, tshauv, pob zeb hauv av chiv (potassium sulfate thiab superphosphate) thiab lub Upper txheej ntawm lub ntiaj teb.
Tsav ib lub peg rau hauv txhua qhov thiab muab tso rau hauv cov yub, thaum lub sijhawm sim tsis txhob khawb hauv paus caj dab. Hauv av zoo trampled down, ib tug ncaj tob qhov ua yog thiab ib tug me me earthen bank yog ua ib ncig nws. Tom qab cog nyob rau hauv ib tug Bush poured ib lub thoob dej thiab mulch qhuav humus.
Txawm tias muaj siab drought tsis kam, cov tub ntxhais hluas cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau dej tsawg kawg 3-4 zaug ib lub caij.
Tom qab txhua tus watering, cov av yog kom zoo zoo loosened thiab sprinkled nrog ib tug tuab txheej ntawm mulch. Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab txog kev tshem tawm ntawm nroj nyob rau hauv lub voj voog ntawm pristvolnom.
Rau xyoo ob thiab tom qab xyoo rau cov txheej txheem no kev noj tshuaj thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov kab mob ntxiv.
Thawj hnav khaub ncaws ua tiav thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab nitrogen chiv siv.
Nyob rau hauv Autumn, lawv khawb hauv av ib ncig ntawm lub Bush thiab nqa tawm potash-phosphorus to top hnav khaub ncaws.
Cov tub ntxhais hluas bushes yog watered nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov Lub rau hli ntuj, 2 thoob rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Fruiting cherries yog zoo tshaj plaws watered thaum lub sij hawm ripening ntawm berries, tsis pub ntau tshaj li 20 liters rau ib lub hav txwv yeem.
Qhov dej ntau ntawm qhov dej nyob ntawm huab cua thiab cov av noo. Variety Beacon tsis nyiam waterlogging, thiab nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau dej nws yog tsim nyog.
Pruning yog nqa tawm tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ua ntej o ntawm ob lub raum. Tus neeg laus tuaj yeem cherry yuav tsum tsis muaj ntau tshaj 8-12 ceg loj.
Qhov qib no, nws rau kev loj hlob thiab thickening ntawm Bush, yog li ntawd pruning yuav tshem tawm ntxiv ceg thiab paus kev loj hlob. Tab sis nyob rau hauv tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv tau ib luv luv txhua xyoo tua.
Raws li rau rejuvenating pruning, nws yog nqa tawm 10-12 xyoos tom qab tsaws. Tshem tag nrho cov qhuav, muaj kab mob los yog khov khov.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Cherry Variety Lighthouse feem ntau yog cuam tshuam los ntawm coccomycosis thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo rot. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob hnov qab txog kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov kab mob phem.
Ntxiv nrog rau cov kab mob, pests yog ib qho txaus ntshai rau qhov no ntau yam: slimy sawfly thiab aphid.
Coccomycosis - tsis tshua muaj teeb meem fungal kab mob rau cherries. Nws yog qhia nyob rau hauv cov tsos ntawm me me liab me ntsis nyob rau Upper sab ntawm nplooj.
Lawv loj hlob sai sai thiab npog qhov nplooj thiab tua, thiab ces tus berries.
Cuam tshuam nplooj qhuav thiab crumble. Yog hais tias lub sij hawm tsis pib kev kho mob, cov nroj tsuag yuav tsis muaj zog thiab tej zaum tsuas yog tsis ciaj sia lub caij ntuj no. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv qhov tus kab mob no.
Raws li kev tiv thaiv koj tuaj yeem sim tau thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg. tshuaj tsuag ib tug Bush nrog heev feeb meej nitrogen fertilizer, ua kom paub tseeb tias nws tsis tau txais mus rau cov hauv paus hniav. Tag nrho cov cuam tshuam cov ceg thiab tua, raws li tau zoo raws li cov nplooj poob raug muab tshem tawm thiab hlawv.
Time-pruning kuj txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus kab mob. Yog tias koj tuaj yeem tsis txhob muaj coccomycosis, ces siv kev kho mob nrog tshwj xeeb fungicides.
Kuj ua rau coccomycosis yog Podbelskaya, Kharitonovskaya thiab Minx.
Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo Rot ua rau Cherry tsis tsawg teebmeem. Tsis zoo li coccomicosis, tus kab mob no cuam tshuam tsuas yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nws pib nrog cov tsos ntawm cov pob me me uas loj hlob sai thiab ua rau rotting txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Nrog cov tsos ntawm tus kab mob no, tag nrho cov rotten berries raug muab tshem tawm thiab hlawv. Tom qab harvesting Bush yog kho 1% Bordeaux sib tov. Siv tau tooj liab oxychloride daws ua ntej thiab tom qab flowering.
Cherry sawfly
Yuav kom ntaus nws, siv ntau tshuaj tua kab ("Iskra-M" los yog "Kinmiks"). Tsis ntau tshaj 2 liv dej ntawm ib tug Bush.
Cherry aphid Nws kuj tau txau ntawm cov kua txob kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tab sis nws tshwm thaum pib ntawm kev so qhuav. Qhov no kab hibernates rau ntawm ceg thiab tua ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Yog xav tau tshem ntawm aphids siv tib cov tshuaj xws li nyob rau hauv sib ntaus nrog sawfly.
"Tshooj" yog siv thaum pib ntawm nplooj ntoos blooming, thiab "Kinmiks" - tom qab flowering. Npaj cov tshuaj raws li cov lus qhia thiab siv li 3 liv ntawm ib lub hav txwv yeem.
Cherry ntau yam Beacon muaj ntau yam zoo, tab sis kuj muaj ntau yam tsis zoo.
Qhov zoo ntawm ntau yam muaj xws li:
- cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj;
- zoo tawm los;
- durability ntawm Bush;
- zoo heev saj ntawm berries;
- drought siab kam rau;
- ib nrab ntawm tus kheej fertility.
Lub downsides yog:
- tsis siab lub caij ntuj no;
- ib txoj kev xav swb cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov coccomycosis;
- cuam tshuam rau kev tua kab.
Tab sis txawm li no, Cherry ntau yam Lighthouse yog zoo heev haum rau ob qho tag nrho industrial thiab ntiav teb.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas nqa tawm kev tiv thaiv, kev txiav thiab cov nroj tsuag fertilizing.
Hauv qhov no, lub caij nyoog ntsib cov kab mob thiab kab tsuag yuav tsawg.
