Pear ntau yam Rossoshanskaya Zoo nkauj cog nrog high yields.
Los ntawm ib tsob ntoo los ntawm 70 mus txog 80 kilograms txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Zoo heev tsis kam mus rau tus kab mob thiab Frost.
Cog ntau yam los ntawm cuttings los yog budding nyob rau hauv lub chaw zov me nyuam.
Cov pears hais txog dab tsi?
Pear Rossoshanskaya Zoo nkauj hais txog lub caij ntuj sov lig ntau yam. Universal siv.
Nws yog siv hauv kev txuag, ua noj thiab tshiab. Compotes tau los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no ntau yam yog nyob high school - 4.5 ntsiab lus tawm ntawm 5.
Ntau ntau muaj zoo heev transportability dhau mus ntev. Kev lag luam zoo ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog siab. Cov tsos ntawm pears tau kwv yees nyob ntawm 4.6 cov ntsiab lus tawm ntawm 5.0.
Cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg tus pear grade Rossoshanskaya Zoo nkauj:
| Muaj pes tsawg leeg | Cov naj npawb ntawm |
|---|---|
| Sahara | txij li 9 mus rau 9.40% |
| Qhuav teeb meem | los ntawm 12 mus rau 12.4% |
| Titrated acids | ntawm 0.15 rau 0.17% |
| Pectic tshuaj | txij 0.3% 0.4% |
| Ascorbic acid | 10 mg ntawm 100 g. |
Lub caij ntuj sov ntau yam ntawm pears kuj muaj xws li: Duchess, Tonkovetka, Chizhovskaya, Rogneda thiab Lel.
Yug me nyuam keeb kwm thiab yug me nyuam thaj av
Cov tsob ntoo pear yog muab los ntawm RZOSS - Rossoshansk lub koom haum ua kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov qoob loo ua liaj ua teb.
Originators ntawm ib qib: G. D. Neporozhny (Follower M. M. Ulyanischeva rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm xaiv ntawm pear ntoo) thiab A. M. Ulyanischeva (Tus sau phau ntawv "Lub tswv yim paj kws sau").
Ntau yam tau txais los ntawm hybridization ntawm ntau yam "Nyiam Klapp" (unpretentious nyob rau hauv cultivation ntau yam nrog siab saj) thiab "Nyuab xov" (lub siab-tiv thaiv qib). Xyoo ntawm yug me nyuam ntau yam 1952. Lub xeev kev xeem raug coj tawm thaum xyoo 1965.
Lub ntsiab faib ntawm ntau yam suav rau 1979-1992 ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem. Nce nyob rau hauv Chernozem cheeb tsam Central, thaj tsam Volga thiab Altai, lub Oryol, Bryansk cheeb tsam thiab sab qaum teb Caucasus.
Tsis ntev los no, ib tug pear ntawm no ntau yam ntes tau nyob rau hauv yav qab teb ib feem ntawm Russia, Ukraine thiab Belarus.
Nyob rau hauv Central Black ntiaj teb cheeb tsam, ntau yam xws li Carmen, Otradnenskaya, Severyanka Krasnoshchekaya, Hera, thiab nyiam Yakovlev zoo.
Nqe lus piav ntau yam zoo nkauj Rossoshanskaya
Xav txog qhov txawv ntawm tsob ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Tsob Ntoo
Cov ntoo muaj zog loj hlob, ncav cuag qhov siab ntawm ntau tshaj 6 meters. Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov theem ntawm txoj kev loj hlob muaj nqaim pyramidal daim ntawv, nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm kom loj hlob - thoob plaws pyramidal. Lub productivity ntawm tua yog tsis txaus, yog li qhov ceev ntawm foliage ntawm tsob ntoo yog tsis tseem ceeb.
Bark lub cev pob zeb ntxoov ntxoo. Skeletal stems perpendicular mus rau hauv av, qhia mus rau sab saum toj. Muaj maroon-xim av ntxoov ntxoo. Qhov ntau tau muaj xyaw qe - rau cov hmuv, me me qws, qia nplaim thiab thaum xaus ntawm xyoo tas los no qhov kev nce ub nce no.
Tua ca, elongated, muaj ib tug maroon-xim av ntxoov ntxoo. Raum spiky thiab me ntsis elongated. Nplai ntawm xim av ntxoov ntxoo. Nplooj emerald, ci ntsa iab, me, khiav mus rau saum lub tsob ntoo.
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Pears nruab nrab qhov loj, hauv qhov hnyav ntawm 115 mus 120 grams. Cov loj tshaj tsis tshaj 200 gram. Lawv tau cog lus nrog txoj cai classic zoo nrog tus npoo.
Qhov saum npoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog du nrog ib daim nyias nyias. Lub ntsiab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm pears yog snow-dawb Amber, nrog subcutaneous emerald freckles. Npog ntxoov burgundy, me me, yuav siv 1/2 ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Peduncle elongated. Nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus muaj ib tug me me Fruity fleshy influx. Lub phais yog yam me me, kev ua haujlwm. Lub khob muaj hom qhib.
Noob me me, ntev, xim av ntxoov ntxoo. Cov nqaij ntawm pears yog muag heev, ntawm Amber xim nrog ntau juicing. Nws muaj ib lub qab zib saj nrog me ntsis qaub. Cov neeg tau txais kev saj tau muab ntsuas ntawm 4.0 cov ntsiab lus tawm ntawm 5.0.
Inflorescence Qhov no ntau yam yog ib lub kaus-shaped txhuam nrog ntau ntau paj. Inflorescences muaj 8 los sis 9 paj. Lub paj yog dawb, medium loj, tsis tshaj 3 centimeters.
Muaj ib lub khob thiab ib qho chaw npias. Buds dawb-liab. Anthers thiab stigma pestles yog nyob rau tib theem. Cov nplaum nrog tus npoo ntawm npoo, nplawm, tais.
Yam ntxwv
Qib Rossoshanskaya Zoo nkauj vaj ntxwv high yield. Los ntawm ib tsob ntoo tuaj ntawm 70 txog 80 kilograms txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Los ntawm ib hectare sau txog 250 centners ntawm pears.
Lub sij hawm kaum plaub xyoos ntawm kev soj ntsuam, ib qho tawm los tsim tau los ntawm cov chaw ua si. nyob rau hauv 1000 quintals los ntawm ib hectare. Ntxawm nyiaj nyob rau xyoo ob ntawm lub yim hli ntuj.
Mus txog tas nrho kom loj hlob pears yog muaj nyob rau ntawm stems khov kho, yam uas tsis muaj shedding. Nyob rau hauv ib chav tsev txias mob siab rau 30 hnub. Fruiting los txog 6 lossis 7 xyoo tom qab cog cuttings los yog los ntawm budding nyob rau hauv lub chaw zov me nyuam.
Nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm Dub ntiaj teb Central thaj av, lub caij ntuj no hardiness ntawm tsob ntoo pear no heev. Nyob rau hauv loj heev winters ntawm rho tawm 34 degrees Celsius nyob rau hauv 1976 thiab 1980. ib tug qaug zog khov ntawm hauv paus system ntawm 1.3 ntsiab lus tau pom.
Nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Oryol thiab nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm Voronezh, muaj tsis muaj khov heev ntawm tsob ntoo pear. Thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav frosts (rho 6 degrees Celsius) ntawm qhov kawg ntawm flowering ntawm tsob ntoo nyob rau hauv 1999 thiab 2000. 100% puas paj. Thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm muaj tsis muaj sau.
Yog li ntawd, thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav tsawg kub, tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau saib xyuas zoo.
Puas tsuaj tsis nyob ntawm seb qhov ntsuas kub ntawm frosts, tab sis nyob rau lawv lub caij.
Yog li ntawd hais tias lub paj thiab ovaries ntawm pear tsob ntoo ntawm no ntau yam tsis puas thaum lub sij hawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav frosts, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau siv ib txoj kev zoo ntawm qeeb ub flowering.
Frost-resistant ntau yam kuj muaj xws li: Bere Russkaya, Wonderful, Fairy, Quiet Don thiab Fairy Tale.
Diam duab
Kev cog thiab kev kho mob
Vim lub fact tias huab cua yog unpredictable thiab nws yog ib qhov nyuaj heev rau twv seb frosts, thiaj li tsis txhob khov ntawm ovaries thiab paj, lawv siv flowering ncua txoj kev.
Autumn pristvolnuyu qhov saum npoo ntawm lub ntiaj teb rau 10-15 centimeters mulch manure tov nyob rau hauv vaj huam sib luag nrog peat.
Nyob rau hauv Lub ib hlis ntuj, cov av nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug txheej ntawm mulch pib kom khov. Kom khov lub ntiaj teb tsis mus ntxiv, rau hauv av ib ncig ntawm tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau muab tsau npog npog.
35 centimeters ntawm snow yog zoo compacted thiab qhuav sawdust yog pw tawm on top ntawm 8-16 centimeters. Tom ntej txheej tom qab lub sawdust yuav dua yuav snow. Nws kuj yog tamped cia, tom qab uas lub sawdust hardens.
Tom qab qhov pib ntawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav on sawdust txheej ntawm lub Upper snow cover pib yaj. Thiab hauv qab txheej ntawm snow cover nrog sawdust thiab mulch seem unchanged.
Mulch thiab ib feem ntawm cov av yuav tsum nyob twj ywm hauv ib daim ntawv ruaj khov khov.
Txawm hais tias thaw, tsob ntoo pear yuav tsis teb rau lub alertness ntawm xim buds. Flowering yog ncua kom txog thaum muaj dej sov sov.
Nyob ntawm qhov pib ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav khov kho huab cua, ib ncig ntawm May 7-13, sawdust yog muab tshem tawm hauv av ib ncig ntawm tsob ntoo. Hauv qab txheej txheej ntawm daus pib yaj sai.
Ob hnub tom qab tiav disappearance ntawm snow, tsob ntoo pib maj tuaj rau lub neej. Nrog no tus txheej txheem, qhov kev loj hlob ntawm tsob ntoo yog lig rau 10-14 hnub.
Qhov no yog tib txoj kev los txuag paj thiab zes qe menyuam los ntawm pliaj caij nplooj ntoos hlav frosts thaum tswj kev ruaj khov tag nrho.
Cog ntau yam los ntawm cuttings los yog budding nyob rau hauv lub chaw zov me nyuam. Pear ntau yam Rossoshanskaya Zoo nkauj hlub zoo-fertilized dub av. Prefers drained av.
Qhov ntau yam yog Responder rau fertilizer. Tsis nyiam cov hnub kub sab hnub tuaj. Drought tolerance ntawm no ntau hais txog qhov nruab nrab kos. Nrog rau cov av tsis txaus, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov nyom.
Tsis nyiam cov dej ntau. Yog li ntawd, watering xws li ib tsob ntoo tsis yog feem ntau, tsuas yog thaum cov av dries. Thaum siv tshuaj ywg yuav tsum siv dej nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub kom tsis txhob txias hauv paus system.
Nyob rau ntawm ib theem thaum ntxov ntawm kev loj hlob, tsis yog pruning, raws li tsob ntoo muaj qhov nqaim pyramidal. Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntev, yuav tsum tau txheem pruning. dav crown.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Ntau ntau zoo heev tus kab mob tsis kam. Rau Nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm Voronezh, lesions //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html tsis tau pom. Nyob hauv thaj av Oryol muaj cov nqaij me me.sib npaug zos rau qib nrab.
Ib tug kab mob septoria pom tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub xyoo epiphytotic. Qhov ntau yam tsis tas yuav tsum tau kho cov kev kho mob. Kab Tsuag puas yog me ntsis.
Xaus. Rossoshanskaya Zoo nkauj pear ntau yam muaj universal siv. Nws yog siv hauv kev txuag, ua noj thiab tshiab. Pears ntawm medium loj, nyob rau hauv qhov hnyav ntawm 115 mus 120 grams.
Lawv tau cog lus nrog daim ntawv coj zoo nrog rau cov npoo ntawm ntug. Qhov ntau yog ib feem ntawm tus kheej-fertile, cog nrog high yields. Los ntawm ib hectare sau txog 250 centners ntawm pears.
Zoo yields kuj pom los ntawm ntau yam Autumn Yakovleva, Krasulya, Lada, Lyubimitsa Yakovleva, Nursery thiab Dekabrinka.
Saib cov yees duab uas koj yuav pom cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm Rossoshanskaya Pear zoo nkauj.
