Unpretentious nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas thiab zoo kawg zam lub Lavxias teb sab lub caij ntuj no ntau yam ntawm Rogned pear

Ib tug poj niam lub npe zoo nkauj Rogned lub npe hu ua ib qho khoom noj qab zib ntau yam pears uas nrov heev hauv lub vaj nyob ze Moscow.

Tsawg tus neeg paub tias tragic yog txoj hmoo ntawm tus hluas nkauj hluas nkauj Rogneda, leej twg tau poob mus rau hauv lub zeb millennium ntawm kev tsim kev kub ntxhov. Nws tsis yog los ntawm lub caij nyoog uas lub cuab pob zwm los ua lub hauv paus ntawm cov libretto ntawm Opera ntawm tib lub npe los ntawm A. Serov.

Tab sis cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm pear ntau yam tsis resemble lub keeb kwm ua yeeb yam - lawv muab tawm elegant, six thiab fragrant, zoo li ib tug hluas nkauj nyob rau hauv lub ci xim ntawm lub caij ntuj sov.

Rogned Pear - piav qhia ntawm ntau yam, daim duab ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo, xyuas thiab pom zoo ntawm gardeners tom qab nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm.

Kev yug me nyuam yav dhau los

Zoo li ntau lwm pear nrov ntau yam, lub hybrid tsim hom phiaj raws li lub caij ntuj no-resistant rau Central, North-West thiab Volga-Vyatka cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv Moscow Agricultural Academy. K.A. Timiryazeva.

Txij li thaum xyoo 1987, nws tau mus sib hais plaub lawm, thiab thaum xyoo 2001 nws tau ua tiav hauv Lub Xeev Txoj Haujlwm thiab tau pom zoo rau cov vaj teb hauv tsev thiab lub vaj ua vaj tse, thiab ib qho khoom cog rau kev cog qoob loo.

Authoritative gardener ntawm pomologov - Gennady Petrovich Rylov (tus creator ntawm thawj zaug nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws varietal chaw zov me nyuam) tsim nyog no ntau yam ntawm pears li ib qho ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau central Russia rau ib txoj haujlwm ntawm qhov khoom muaj nqis.

Thiab lub ntsiab tseem ceeb yog high school lub caij ntuj no hardiness, ntaus nqi nyob rau hauv peb tiam ntawm Ussuri pear thiab hom ntawm pej xeem xaiv uas tau npaum li cas nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb ntawm lub cheeb tsam Leningrad - Finnish daj.

Lub caij ntuj no lub zog tseem ceeb yog qhov tseem ceeb: Orlovskaya Kev Zoo Nkauj, nco txog Zhegalov, Lyubimitsa Yakovleva, Talgar kev zoo nkauj thiab Tyoma.

Nyob ntawm seb qhov chaw uas muaj kev kub ntxhov nyob rau hauv uas nws yog cultivated, cov Rognedu ntau cov neeg sawv cev lawv tus kheej xws li:

• lub caij ntuj sov;
• thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg;
• Autumn.

Nws saj yog ntaus nqi mus rau "Rognedu" mus rau dessert ntau yam, thiab kev sib haum xeeb zoo nrog quince (Ba-29) ua tus txheej txheem ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm lub vaj lub tsev nrog ib txoj haujlwm ua tau, txawm tias ib tug neeg caij ntuj so novice.

Qhov feem ntau txhim khu kev qha nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm ciaj sia taus yog seedlings mus txog rau ob xyoos: lawv cov hauv paus system tsis raug mob thaum tua tau nyob rau hauv nurseries thiab yog yooj yim dua mus hloov mus rau ib qho chaw tshiab.

Cov tsos mob tshwm sim

Dab tsi ntawm kev ntseeg ntawm "Rogneda" suav GPRylov li qhov zoo?

Ua ntej tshaj plaws:

• Frost tsis kam thiab tsis tuaj yeem ua rau te;
• txoj kev tsis kam mus rau lub ntsiab hom kab mob ntawm cov kab mob Rosaceae;
• thaum ntxov ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv fruiting (rau xyoo thib 3);
• thawj saj nrog sau ntawv nutmeg;
• high yield (50 kg rau ib tsob ntoo);
• khoom muag zoo nkauj thiab kev ua kom zoo zoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo (txog 2 hli ntawm qis dua);
• tsis tshua xav tau ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb tom qab;
• yug me nyuam zeem muag.

Unpretentiousness kuj yuav boast: Bere Russkaya, Silent Don, Fairy Tale, Svarog thiab Larinskaya.

Los ntawm European niam txiv "Rogneda" niam txiv hmab txiv ntoo tau tu cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thaum siav. Thiab nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm sorting kev ntsuam xyuas qhia lwm tus muaj txiaj ntsim zoo: fruiting irregularity.

Lub pedigree ntawm tshiab hybrid

Qhov ntau yam ntawm Rogned pear, qhov kev piav qhia thiab duab ntawm uas yuav qis, yog tsim los ntawm hla tus uas twb muaj ntau yam nyob rau hauv ntau theem ntawm pollination. Thawj, thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20, tshwm nyob rau hauv lub Khabarovsk arctic chaw zov me nyuam thaum ntxov Autumn pear ntau yam - "Tyoma".

Nws tau ruaj khov rau kev ua kom muaj siab Ussuri pear thiab Baltic hybrid ntawm lub teb chaws xaiv - "Finnish daj". Nrog rau nws, 3 ntau tus menyuam muaj cov qauv zoo sib xws: "Teb", "Olga" thiab "Lida".

Tag nrho cov tshiab hybrids muaj thawj (kua-xws li) roundness txiv hmab txiv ntootom qab uas tag nrho cov khoom ntawm pears feem ntau pib muab faib ua ob pawg (hauv daim ntawv ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo):

• puag ncig ("lukashovki" - los ntawm lub npe ntawm breeder);
• blew (Laus Lavxias lub npe ntawm pears, qiv los ntawm cov lus Polish).

Yog li, ib tug ntawm Rogneda niam txiv tau ua tiav lawm ntau xyoo. "Lukashov"-" Tyoma ".

Nws cev dhau mus rau tshiab hybrid:

• cov duab ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
• kev muaj peev xwm loj hlob thiab dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau sab qaum teb thaj tsam ntawm European feem ntawm lub teb chaws, Siberia thiab Sab Hnub Tuaj Far. Nyob rau hauv Amur cheeb tsam nws hlob nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug stanza, uas yog heev yooj yim nyob rau hauv ib lub caij ntuj no snowy ntev;
• ncua kev txee lub neej;
• high marketability ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
• lub peev xwm los mus tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm tus kheej-fertility (raws li ib qho kev xaiv).

Qhov thib ob niam txiv ntawm Rogneda yog I.V. Michurin tus nyiam yug me nyuam - tus Belgian ntau. "Hav zoov kev zoo nkauj", uas muaj ntau tshaj 30 daim ntawv pab nyiaj ua haujlwm thiab qhov ntaus nqi zoo heev ntawm ntau hom.

Ib tug pov thawj European ntau yam muab ib tug tshiab hybrid:

• high yields rau 15-20 xyoo ntawm cov hnub nyoog deev;
• koj tus neeg zoo;
• undemanding ntawm cov av muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab agrotechnical ntsuas;
• drought siab kam rau;
• lub caij ntuj no hardiness;
• durability.

Rogned ntau yam lus piav qhia

1. Raws li peb lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo, ntau yam ntau dua hais txog nruab nrab muaj zogi.e. nws txoj kev loj hlob yog nyob rau hauv 10 meters. Tsob ntoo qauv yog tus qauv.

   Crohn npawv, qee zaum pyramidal, tab sis tsis tuab, vim lub peculiarity ntawm txo txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas tua. Lub pob tw thiab pob txha taub hau yog grey-xim av, tus.

2. Cov tub ntxhais hluas tua yog ntsuab-xim av, ncaj tuab, me ntsis curved, me ntsis pubescent rau lub xaus. Fruiting muab cov hluas tsho.
3. Cov tsiaj yog cov cim ntawm vegetative thiab generative buds nrog kev sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv thiab loj. Tus thawj ib qho cov nplooj ntawv ntawm nplooj ntoo, qhov thib ob - nws tus kheej infertile los yog nws tus kheej-fertile paj.
4. Ntau "Rogneda" tau piav nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw raws li nws tus kheej-fertile thiab raws li xav tau ntxiv pollination. Paj tus kheej fertility nyob ntawm lub qhov siab ntawm stamens thiab lawv muaj peev xwm pollinate. Lub sterility ntawm pollen thiab underdevelopment ntawm txiv neej plab hnyuv ntxwm ntawm lub paj yog txoj kev mus rau tus kheej-ua kab mob.

   Pears "Hauv Anzin nco" thiab "Chizhovskaya" yog pom zoo ntau yam uas cuam tshuam txog fruitiness ntawm Rogneda paj - lawv feem ntau lees paub cov ntaub ntawv-kev tiv thaiv lub caij ntuj no hardiness muaj feem keeb kwm ntawm chaw ua haujlwm ntawm chaw ua haujlwm ntawm Moscow Agricultural Academy. K.A. Timiryazeva.

   Rau ib tug xov tooj ntawm ntau yam ntawm "Rogned" self-fertile thiab yog nws tus kheej ib tug pollinator yuav tsum tau.

   Nws tseem ceeb heev: Rau cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm fertilization ntawm ovary, pollinators yuav tsum muaj tib lub sij hawm ntawm flowering theem raws li pollinated hybrid. Gardeners pom zoo kom muaj kev tiv thaiv kom muaj nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv txog 3 hom pears uas txawv ntawm kev sib npaug.

• Pear nplooj - nplua nuj ntsuab, glossy, medium-qhov loj, qe-puab; bent raws hauv nruab nrab; ntug tau tshaj tawm; nrawm nrog ib qia ntawm medium tuab.
• Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog me me, round (txog li 120 gr.)Lawv muaj cov tawv nqaij uas ci ntsa iab, zoo nkauj, tab sis yooj yim tom los ntawm. Cov xim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog complex: greenish-daj nrog ib tug blurred blush tshwm thaum lub sij hawm ntawm kom loj hlob.

  Ntau heev ntsuab dots ci los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo cover. Stony hlwb tsis hnov ​​li thaum chewing.

  Cov nqaij yog muaj kua, me ntsis oily, lub teeb beige, muaj ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm fiber, suab thaj (7.5%) thiab ib qhov negligible ntawm acids (0.1%), uas ua rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo saj kws qab zib.

  Pears ntawm cov chav kawm no yog qhov tseem ceeb teeb ntawv ntawm nutmeguas muab rau lawv ib tug meej aroma ntawm yav qab teb congeners. Khoom noj qab zib txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhov tseem ceeb yog kwv yees li ntawm 4.1 points nyob rau lub tasting nplai.

• Tsob ntoo nkag mus rau hauv kev ua lag luam nyob rau xyoo 3 hauv lub neej.
• Txiv hmab txiv ntoo mus txog 20 xyoo yam tsis muaj nruj nruj.
• Tsim tau los ntawm xyoo fluctuates, tej zaum ncav siab tshaj plaws - 100 kg rau ib tsob ntoo. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb xyoo tsim tseem pom zoo kom tshem tawm txog li 50% ntawm lub zes qe menyuam tom qab lub caij ntuj nplooj zeeg.

Ntau yam ntawm pear kuj distinguished los ntawm high yields: Tonkovetka, Sverdlovchanka, Samara Kev Zoo Nkauj, Bere Bosk thiab Tatiana.

• Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripening tshwm sim rau thaum pib ntawm lub yim hli ntuj los yog nws xyoo thib kaum xyoo (cov hnub kos yog nyob ntawm thaj teb ntawm thaj av ua teb, qhov twg ntau yam yog cais li lub caij ntuj sov, thaum ntxov los yog caij nplooj zeeg).
• Qhov ntau yam muaj ib tug hereditary ib qho zuj zus kom poobyog li ntawd, kev cog qoob loo yog qhov tsim nyog kom tag nrho cov neeg kom loj hlob zoo. Mature txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog khaws cia rau 1 lub lis piam nyob rau hauv ib txwm tej yam kev mob thiab 2 lub hlis - nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm lub tub yees refrigerating.
• Pears ntawm no ntau yam yog tsawg cuam tshuam los ntawm fungal kab mob, uas qhia tsis kam mus rau scab thiab grey pwm.
• Cov cua daj cua dub loj heev thaum lub sij hawm sim mus sib hais tshwj xeeb lub caij ntuj no hardiness "Rognedy".

Nws tseem ceeb heev: Cov pear yog unpretentious, txawm hnyav av nplaum xau los yog sandstones yuav haum rau nws, lub ntsiab tshaj plaws yog mus raws sij hawm pub cov nroj tsuag nrog cov organic qhov teeb meem.

Diam duab

Ntaus zuj zus

1. Pear tsis pub hloov hlav. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau nrhiav ib zaug thiab rau tag nrho ib qho chaw tsim nyob rau hauv lub vaj teb. Nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam yav qab teb ntawm lub tshav kub-hlub pear feem ntau yog khaws tshav ntuj sab qab ntawm sab phab ntsa ntawm cov tuam tsev.

   Cov nyuab "Rogned" zoo zoo thiab nyob rau sab qaum teb lossis sab qaum teb ntawm lub vev xaib, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias thaum ntxov daus uas npog cov nroj tsuag kom txog thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav tsis ua ib qho dej hiav txwv thaum lub sij hawm yaj (qhov pear tsis nyiam cua ntsws).

   Qeeb melting ntawm snow cover yuav cawm tau lub pear los ntawm sunburn uas threatens txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub caij ntuj no. Qhov tseeb, nws yuav ua rau nws. nce ib feem ntawm lub vaj teb, kev tiv thaiv los ntawm tas mus li cua.

2. Cov cuab yeej ntawm cog ib pear yog zoo li cov yam ntxwv ntawm cog ib qho kua ntoo:
   
   • tib qhov loj ntawm qhov aub tsiv (inch 50cm, qhov tob - 0.7m);
   • cog ib lub yub rau ib lub pov toj ntawm av thiab humus;
   • fortification sab qaum teb;
   • planting raug txiav txim los ntawm txoj hauj lwm ntawm hauv paus ntseg tsho (5 cm saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm ntug ntawm lub qhov);
   • qhov tsim ntawm hauv paus hauv paus;
   • dej tshuaj;
   • mulching nrog peat.

   Tswv yim: Li niaj zaus pub ntawm seedlings pib los ntawm lub caij ntawm nws nkag mus rau hauv fruiting theem (tom qab 2-3 xyoos).

3. Rau pear, tag nrho plaub feem ntawm lub agro-complex ntawm cov txheej xwm yog yuav tsum tau:
   • watering (txog li 5 zaug hauv ib lub hlis rau ib lub thoob thaum sawv ntxov thiab yav tsaus ntuj); ntawm qhov tseem ceeb yog watering thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripening thiab tso lub buds ntawm yav tom ntej no sau; qhov nyiaj ntawm noo noo yog kho los ntawm cov huab cua puag, qhov sib thooj ntawm av thiab lub lingering txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas tua;
   • trimming: thaum tsaws - rau 1/3; txhua xyoo ua ntej qhib lub raum; kho cov yas ntawm cov ceg ntoo; thinning nyob rau hauv thiaj li tawm tawm muaj zog tua;

   Nws tseem ceeb heev: Nrog rau tej yam pruning tsis tau tshaj ¼ qhov loj ntawm tag nrho cov ceg!

   • to top hnav khaub ncaws (Tshuaj, ammonium nitrate, superphosphate, phosphate pob zeb, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, ntoo tshauv, ammophos, nitroammofoska) tshuaj los ntawm lub sij hawm pom zoo ntawm lub voj voog ntawm cov nroj tsuag;
   • txau raws li ib txoj kev tswj hwm cov cab thiab cov kab tsim tshuaj, yog siv cov tshuaj tua kab thiab tshuaj tua kab, thiab cov tshuaj tua kab (pej xeem tshuaj, kev daws, thiab lwm yam).
4. Lub crown ntawm ib tug pear nce txhua xyoo los ntawm ib tug nruab nrab ntawm 40 cm, yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj ib qhov chaw rau nws ceg nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej thaum cog ntoo. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los pw raws li ib tug catering cheeb tsam rau "Rogneda" 15 square meters ntawm lub vaj teb. Thiab yog hais tias koj cog ntoo nyob rau hauv ib tug kab, ces lub interval mus rau lub nyob rau hauv lub cev yuav tsum yog 4-5 meters.

Pear "Rogned" tsis nyuaj, raws li koj pom, koj lub neej, tab sis yuav kho vaj thiab yuav zoo siab rau tsev neeg. Ntawm qhov unpretentious ntau yam tseem muaj nqis them rau ntau yam: Krasnobakaya, Hera, Cathedral, Krasulia thiab Lada.