Pears vim rau qhov txaus nyiam saj, tawm los thiab zoo nkauj inflorescences, pleasing peb nrog lawv cov ntxhiab thaum lub sij hawm flowering lub sij hawm, yog heev pab rau muaj ua liaj ua teb nyob rau hauv loj lub vaj thiab nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov cottages.
Nyob rau hauv kev nrhiav ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws zoo ntawm no six, qab zib thiab noj qab haus huv txiv hmab txiv ntoo, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tsim muaj ntau hom pear varied uas yog optimally suited rau climatic mob ntawm ib cheeb tsam. Ib qho ntawm cov thawj ntau yam yog pear "Nco Zhegalov" - piav qhia ntawm tag nrho cov qualities ntawm ntau yam, cov duab thiab xyuas ntawm gardeners tom qab nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm.
Cov creators sim investing rau lawv cov offspring tsis tsuas zoo heev qualities, tab sis kuj kuj zoo kawg thiab hwm rau lub cim xeeb ntawm ib tug zoo heev breeder Lavxias teb sab, uas ua ntau heev rau kis no kub-hlub kab lis kev cai nyob rau hauv cov nyom geographic latitudes.
Zoo li cas?
Ntau pears "Nco Zhegalov" yog ib hom raug nws tus kheej infertile txiv hmab txiv ntoo nroj tsuag. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias qhov no kab lis kev cai tsis muaj peev xwm feem ntau fertilize nrog nws tus kheej pollen.
Vim li no, ib tug txiv neej yuav tsum tsis txhob siv ntoo ntawm no ntau yam thaum tso ib lub vaj teb cuab ntxhiab. Txawm tias txawm tias tshwj xeeb yog sov tus cwj pwm ntawm nws.
Yog li, rau txov pollination ntawm pears ntawm "nco ntawm Zhegalov" pears, pears ntawm lwm yam ntau yam yuav tsum tau, ntau precisely, lawv pollen.
Qhov tsis zoo nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog rau kev hloov ntawm pollen los ntawm tsob ntoo ntoo pollinator mus rau ntau yam kev cai, tej huab cua tsim nyog xav tau, thaum lub sij hawm uas bees nquag ya tawm.
Nrog ntev lub caij nyoog huab cua, cov kab nyob twj ywm rau hauv lawv cov khaus, uas yuav muaj ib qho tsis zoo rau lub nplhaib thiab sij hawm ntawm lub zes qe menyuam.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws pollinators ntawm pear "Nco ntawm Zhegalov" raug suav hais tias yog yuav ntau yam "Bergamot Moscow" thiab "Favorite Yakovlev".
Cov kab lus piav qhia kuj siv rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo nrog Autumn txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripening (lig Autumn ntau yam). Raws li cov lus qhia agrotechnical, nws cov txiv pears ua siav thiab tag nrho npaj kom raug. nyob rau hauv peb lub xyoo caum ntawm lub Cuaj Hli.
Nrog rau qhov no lawv muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo - lawv tuaj yeem muab khaws cia tsis tau poob lawv cov theem pib saj los ntawm 100 mus rau 120 hnub, uas yog, txog rau thaum lub Ib Hlis - Lub Ob Hlis.
Lub caij nplooj zeeg Rossoshanskaya, Karataevskaya, Vernaya, Kupava thiab Moskvich kuj mus rau Autumn ntau yam.
Yug me nyuam keeb kwm thiab yug me nyuam thaj av
Qhov no ntau yam yog bred los ntawm zaum breeders nyob rau ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm Moscow Agricultural Academy. KA Timiryazev.
"Memorial" pear yog muaj npe nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab Soviet paub txog-geneticist, xib fwb Sergey Ivanovich Zhegalov (1881-1927).
Nws ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua vim yog lub npe "Timiryazevka"thawj tshwj xeeb ntawm kev cog qoob loo nyob rau hauv Russia tau tsim, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo cov qoob loo raug tsim kho thiab zoo tuaj.
Yuav kom tau pears "Nco Zhegalov" nws siv lub system ntawm hla ntau yam "Hav zoov kev zoo nkauj thiab Olga.
Nyob rau hauv 1990, ntau yam tau muaj nyob rau hauv lub xeev cov kev xeem ntau hom kev xeem. Tom qab, ib tug pear ntau yam ntawm Memory ntawm Zhegalov, yees duab ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo, kev piav qhia thiab kev txheeb xyuas ntawm uas tau muab rau hauv qab no, raug pom zoo rau muaj distribution nyob rau hauv Central thaj av cheeb tsam ntawm Russia.
Nyob rau hauv Central Region, ntau yam xws li Noyabrskaya, Marble, Autumn Yakovleva, Larinskaya thiab Tatyana yog ntse zus.
Kev piav qhia ntau yam nco Zhegalov
Kev piav qhia ntawm sab nraud yam ntxwv uas txawv ntawm lwm cov pears, pear ntau yam Memory Zhegalov:
Tsob Ntoo Raws li txoj cai, muaj qhov siab qhov nruab nrab, cov neeg siab siab tsis yeem. Lub bark ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog txawv grey los yog tsaus grey.
Plaub, ceg. Thaum cog lus cog yog tseem hluas, nws cov ntaub ntawv ua ib lub kaus mom nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib qho kev lom zem. Thaum ib tug pear ncav lub xeev ntawm tag nrho thiab tsis tu ncua fruiting, nws crown acquires ib tug yam ntxwv sib npaug (feem ntau oval) duab.
Lub crown yog tsim los ntawm skeletal ceg nyob rau lub pob tw yuav luag vertically, nrog ib tug me nqes hav. Qhov ceev ntawm cov khoom noj yog kwv yees li nruab nrab los sis nruab nrab nruab nrab (tsawg tsawg).
Lub bark ntawm lub skeletal ceg yog tab xim nyob rau hauv ib lub teeb ntsuab xim. Lub krone hlob mus rau qhov siab tshaj plaws txaus.
Tua. Brown tua nrog mid-ntev internodes yog me ntsis curved. Lawv cov thickness thiab ntev yog kwv yees li nruab nrab. Pubescence ntawm cov txheej txheem yog suab tsis tau pom.
Heev ntxov heev nyob rau hauv tua tshwm tsaus xim pob zeb-puab puab, nrog me ntsis sib txawv ntawm lub ceg.
Nyob rau saum npoo ntawm tua nyob rau hauv nruab nrab qhov ntau yog me me nyob rau hauv loj, convex lentils. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, tsob ntoo ntawm ntau yam "Zhegalov lub cim xeeb" qhia tau hais tias ib tug tsis muaj zog txaus tsim muaj peev xwm.
Nplooj. Tus qauv nruab nrab-qhov loj, cov ntawv thawv ntawv nruab nrab muaj ib lub voj voog npu (oval), nrog rau tus yam ntxwv me ntsis curvature raws li lub plawv theem. Lub predominant xim ntawm nplooj yog tsaus ntsuab.
Qhov saum npoo ntawm nplooj ntoos phaj, raws li txoj cai, yog ywj-du rau qhov kov, nrog cov yam ntxwv tawv tawv. Lub pubescence on ob lub Upper thiab sab sab ntawm nplooj yog tsis tuaj. Qhov sawv ntawm nplooj yog serrate. Nplooj yog khaws cia rau hauv ceg nrog by mid-long petioles.
Inflorescences Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug txhuam txhuam ntawm nruab nrab ntawm 5-7 paj. Rau txhua lub paj cupped silhouette paub los ntawm medium loj. Cov av nplaum dawb muaj cov npoo tawv, thaum lawv raug kaw heev. Lub buds kuj dawb.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Lawv yog cov qub nruab nrab ntawm qhov tseem ceeb thiab qhov hnyav nruab nrab ntawm 120 mus rau 130 g. Nws zoo li lub qe.
Cov tawv nqaij ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog tus, qhov nyias, qhov kev ntxhib los mos yog glossy, tej zaum nrog ib tug tsis muaj zog kov ntawm oiliness.
Cov tseem ceeb xim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog daj-ntsuab, nrog ib tug faint, me ntsis diffuse reddish tinge. Muaj me ntsis orzhavnost tawv nqaij.
Pulp txawv whitish los yog lub teeb daj thiab muaj kua ntau dua.
Nws muaj qhov sib luag, nrog nruab nrab lis, ua rau lub pob ntseg oily hauv lub qhov ncauj. Sab hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj 5 los 10 xim av daj hnub ci noob qes ntawm qhov loj me.
Peduncleon uas pear yog tuav, ntawm medium ntev thiab medium tuab. Attractiveness ntawm cov tsos ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm ntau yam "Memory Zhegalov" kwv yees ntawm 4.3 ntsiab lus (rau ntawm 5-point scale).
Diam duab
Yam ntxwv
Pears ntawm ntau yam "Zhegalov nco" yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm ob peb nta uas ua rau lawv heev pab rau industrial cultivation nyob rau hauv loj thiab me me horticultural teb.
Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, hais txog cov kev mob saj. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no hom yog heev ua kom zoo siab thiab zoo dua qub, yog ib qho zoo heev vitamin thiab qab additive rau ntau yam tais diav.
Cov txiaj ntsig no tau ua tiav los ntawm Exquisite qab zib saj nrog accented qab ntxiag. On zoo heev saj "superimposed" ib tug heev elegant aroma ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab.
Xws li ntau yam ntawm pears qhia zoo kawg saj: Rogneda, Krasulya, Lada, Dekabrinka thiab Ilyinka.
Lub ntsiab tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog nyob rau hauv cov nram qab no proportions:
| Muaj pes tsawg leeg | Cov naj npawb ntawm |
|---|---|
| Sahara | 9,3% |
| Acids | 0,41% |
| Soluble tshuaj | 14,2% |
| Qhuav teeb meem | 16,5% |
| P-nquag tshuaj | 211 mg / 100 g |
Rau ntawm 5-theem teev ntawm tasting attractiveness, pear "Nco ntawm Zhegalov" tau txais los ntawm cov kws tshwj xeeb qhab nia score 4.3.
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov kab lis kev cai no yog qhov zoo rau lawv universal lub hom phiaj.
Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, lawv yeej nquag noj ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv lub tshiab thiab kev ua daim ntawv raws li ib tug raw khoom rau ntawm ntau yam compotes, marmalades, jellies, jams, thiab lwm yam.
Tsis tas li no cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo cog yog nyob raws li high-yielding kab lis kev cai. Nyob rau hauv kev, nyob rau hauv dej siab climatic thiab huab cua puag thiab nrog tsob ntoo kom tu, nws nquag muab nyob rau hauv cov sau lub caij tsawg kawg yog 40 kg.
Ib lub vaj cog nrog ntau yam ntawm "Nco ntawm Zhegalov" muab los ntawm ib hectare rau nruab nrab rau 122 centners ntawm qoob loo.
Lub high productivity ntawm ib tug pear contributes rau nws thaum ntxov precocity. Nws pib muab nws thawj harvests. 3-4 lub xyoos tom qab cog lub seedling.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov loj qhov zoo rau kev lag luam cultivation ntawm ntau yam nws high degree ntawm lub caij ntuj no hardiness, zoo tsis kam mus rau huab huab cua puag, pluag shedding ntawm pears thiab lawv zoo kawg thauj.
Pears yog suav hais tias yuav high-yielding ntau yam: Sverdlovchanka, Yanvarskaya, Chudesnitsa, Bere Bosk thiab Dushes.
Kev cog thiab kev kho mob
Raws li nrog txhua yam pear hom, thaum xaiv ib qho chaw rau cog ib seedling ntawm ntau yam "Nyob rau hauv nco ntawm Zhegalov", nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau soj ntsuam ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov yooj yim zog tej yam kev mob.
Nyob rau hauv kev, ib qho chaw tsim nyog yuav tsum ua kom zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm tshav ntuj, yuav tsum nyob ntsiag to, yog tias ua tau kom tsis muaj dab tsi hauv vaj, tsis muaj dej nyab los ntawm dej hauv av.
Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas nyob rau hauv qhov chaw no cov av yuav dub lub ntiaj teb, xuab zeb, loamy los yog ua kom sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom seem saum toj no.
Thaum khawb lub qhov qhov cog, nws yuav tsum tau lam xav tias lub keeb kwm ntawm seedling yuav tsum haum dawb nyob rau hauv nws. Feem ntau nws yog qhov txaus kom khawb ib tug aub tsiv nrog ib qhov tob ntawm 1 m thiab ib lub cheeb ntawm 60-70 cm.
Ua ntej cog, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los npaj hauv av rau backfilling ntawm hauv paus system.
Feeb ntau, nws yog npaj los ntawm cov av muab rho tawm thaum khawb ib lub qhov, uas yog ntxiv 2 thoob ntawm humus thiab xuab zeb thiab ib khob ntawm superphosphate. Nws tsis yog tawm ntawm qhov chaw mus ncuav ib lub thoob dej nrog 2 tsom iav ntawm lub txiv kab ntxwv fluffy yaj hauv nws ua ntej tsaws. Tom qab hais tias, qhov no yuav tsum tau tso cai rau ib lub lim tiam thiab ib nrab mus txog hnub tim cog.
Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm cog ntoo, nws cov hauv paus hniav poob pw tsaug zog nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev uas saum toj no hauv av rau 6-7 cm, nws paus caj dab protruded (qhov chaw ntawm kev hloov ntawm lub hauv paus mus rau qia). Yog hais tias, tom qab watering nrog dej, qhov no parameter twb tsis pab, nws yog pom zoo kom rov ua dua lub tsaws.
Tom qab backfilling lub keeb kwm thiab tamping cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm lub pob tw, pristvolny lub voj voos ntawm qis earthen ncej, pw ib tug ib voos ncig ntawm 35-40 cm
Mus rau lub funnel li tsim Ncuav 2-3 thoob ntawm dej sib cais. Sprinkle qhov chaw nrog mulch (qhuav humus nrog sawdust).
Saib xyuas kom muaj kev tu tsiaj raws li cov av xoob qhuav nyob ib ncig ntawm tsob ntoo, raws sijhawm thov cov organic thiab pob zeb hauv av chiv, pruning heev overgrown thiab qhuav ceg.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Raws li rau lub ntsiab kab mob prevalent ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo cov qoob loo, ntawm no ntau yam "Nco ntawm Zhegalov" qhia nws tus kheej los ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws sab.
Xijpeem, nws yog heev Zoo tawm tsam loj fungal kab mob, nrog rau txoj kev mob nyhav li no hauv //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html.
Raws li koj tau pom, tus piav pear tau muaj ntau cov khoom zoo heev.
Kab mob pwm ntau yam pear: Skorospelka los ntawm Michurinsk, Fairy Tale, Silent Don, Moscow Early and Svarog.
Txawm li cas los xij, kom lawv pom tshwm sim hauv nws lub yeeb koob thiab txiaj ntsim rau tib neeg, tus tu vaj tsev yuav tsum tau ua hauj lwm nyuaj. Txawm li cas los, nws yog tsim nyog nws!
