Kua ntoo - ib qho ntawm lub ntsiab ntoo nyob rau hauv lub teb. Muaj ntau ntau yam nrog sib txawv ripening thiab saj. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv txhua tus muaj nuj nqis khoom muaj nqis ntawm cov vitamins. Txawm li cas los xij, yuav kom ua tiav ib qho kev zoo, ib tug txiv neej yuav tsum txuag ntoo ntawm kab mob thiab kab tsuag.
Melba cov kab mob loj thiab lawv txoj kev kho mob
Melba - zoo heev ntau yam ntawm cov ntoo kua, nto moo rau nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo kawg thiab cov siab. Txawm li cas los, kev paub gardeners yog paub zoo ntawm qhov teeb meem ntawm cov neeg pluag tsis kam ntawm no tsob ntoo tawm tsam kab mob thiab pests, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog scab.
Vim li no, thiaj li yuav tau noj tshais rau cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum saib xyuas tus mob ntawm tsob ntoo, txhawm rau txhom tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus kab mob hauv lub sij hawm thiab paub teb rau qhov teeb meem tshwm sim.
Yuav ua li cas los tiv thaiv lub kua ntoo los ntawm scab
Sab nraud tshwm sim ntawm scabqhia txog qhov yuav tsum tau qhib lub tswb, muaj cov xeeb ceem ntawm nplooj, pib olive-ntsuab, tom qab dub thiab tawg.
Thaum pib ntawm nplooj ntoo, tus kab mob sai sai kis mus rau hauv lub zes qe menyuam thiab rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, cuam tshuam rau tag nrho tsob ntoo, yog li nws tsis tuaj yeem tshem ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv Melba tsis siv lub sijhawm thiab kev siv dag zog loj.
Ntau dua los xav txog kev tiv thaiv. Yuav kom qhov no kawg, nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, sai sai tom qab sau, cov txheej txheem nram qab no yuav tsum tau ua: tshem cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav, txiav tawm cov tuag ceg ntoo, pob tw, yog tsim nyog, ntxuav thiab dawb huv. Av nyob ib ncig ntawm tsob ntoo yuav ncuav nrog urea (0.5 kg ib thoob dej).
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Tag nrho cov nplooj, poob los ntawm lub Kua, yuav tsum tau sau thiab tshem tawm los yog hlawv.
Caij nplooj ntoos hlav kuj yog lub sijhawm zoo rau kev txij nkawm, tab sis lawv yuav tsum kom txog thaum uas tawg paj. Nws yog tseem ceeb rau tshuaj tsuag cov ntoo nrog ib tug 1% daws ntawm Bordeaux sib tov. Yog hais tias xav tau, sai li sai tau lub kua ntoo muaj blossomed, nws muaj peev xwm yuav re-sprayed nrog Bordeaux los yog nrog ib tug daws ntawm "Zineba", "Kaptan" los yog "Kuprozan".
Tom qab ob lub lis piam, qhov kawg yog txau tawm, tab sis kom tsis txhob kub hnyiab, tsuas yog ob peb ceg yuav tsum tau kho nrog Bordeaux kua thiab, tsuas yog ua kom paub tseeb tias tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, tshuaj tsuag tag nrho tsob ntoo.
Scab feem ntau yog pib tshwm rau nws tus kheej thaum kawg ntawm lub Tsib Hlis. Mus txog qhov no nws yog qhov zoo los noj cov kua ntoo nrog "Humate" los sis "Fitosporin-M", ces daim ntawv thov "chemistry" tsis tuaj yeem yuav tsum muaj rau yav tom ntej.
Yog hais tias tus kws kho mob ua rau tsob ntoo, tus xov tooj ntawm kev kho mob rau ib lub caij tau nce mus txog rau xyoo.
Yuav ua li cas los kho ib tsob ntoo los ntawm powdery mildew
Mealy dew Nws zoo nkaus li ua ib plhaw, dawb-dawb tawg ntawm nplooj, uas yog yooj yim erased thaum xub thawj, tab sis, ces pib thicken thiab tsaus ntuj. Panting tsis muaj oxygen thiab noo noo, foliage pib tig daj, curl rau hauv plab, qhuav tawm thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg. Cov qe menyuam kuj poob tawm.
Mus tua nrog mealy dewraws li nrog scab, nws yog qhov nyuaj tshaj los tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv. Txhua lub lis piam, ib tsob ntoo kua txiv raug kho nrog potassium permanganate, copper oxide, hlau sulphate, Bordeaux sib tov los yog kev npaj tshwj xeeb (piv txwv, Topaz tau ua haujlwm zoo), thiab yog hais tias lawv tsis nyob ntawm tes, siv cov kua tshuaj tov.
Koj kuj yuav tsum tau ceev faj nrog kev siv cov chiv keeb, thaum lawv kev tsim txom tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Thaum thawj cov cim ntawm tus kab mob, qhov cuam tshuam nplooj los yog ovary yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm sai li sai tau.
Sib ntaus cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo rot (moniliosis)
Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo Liab ua rau fungal mycelium muaj nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los lub qhuav apples. Yog hais tias xws cuam tshuam txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis raug muab tshem tawm ntawm tsob ntoo nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm, lub mycelium tsiv los ntawm lawv kom noj qab haus huv ceg, qhov twg nws winters beautifully thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntaus cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo sai li sai tau tom qab tying.
Tus kab mob no pib nrog cov xim daj rau cov txiv apples, uas loj hlob sai sai, ces cov kab dawb hlob tshwm sim, cov nqaij ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua xim av thiab tsis zoo rau zaub mov, nws ntog.
Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo Rot Kev Kho Mob muab cov tshuaj txau ntawm "Quick", "Horus" thiab "Fundazole": thawj zaug - sai li sai tau thaum nplooj bloomed, lub thib ob - tom qab lub tsob ntoo kua muaj blossomed, thiab lub thib peb - txog peb lub lis piam ua ntej sau.
Ntxiv mus, koj yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai hauv qab no:
- nyob rau hauv lub Autumn nws yog tsim nyog los khawb li lub pob tw lub voj zoo;
- nquag sau cov txiv apples poob thiab tshem tawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas tawg hauv Melba tam sid;
- thaum harvesting apples tsis pub lawv mechanical kev puas tsuaj.
Cov nroj tsuag ntawm Cytosporosis
Brown me ntsis, zoo li ulcers, tshwm nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij ntawm ib tsob ntoo kua. Ua kom loj, lawv ua reddish. Cov ceg ua brittle, nyob rau txiav koj yuav pom tus yam ntxwv tsaus nti xov ntawm mycelium.
Cov kab mob Cytosporosis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm cov av qe deficiency thiab ntau dhau dej.
Kev kho mob ntawm tus kab mob muaj feem ntau ntawm stripping wounds ntawm lub pob tw kom noj qab haus huv cov ntaub so ntswg nrog tom ntej kev kho mob nrog tooj liab sulphate (10-20 g ib thoob dej) thiab smearing nrog vaj twawb.
Nws yog ib qho yuav tsum tau export los yog hlawv cov tawv bark thiab qhuav ceg. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, mus txog rau thaum kub nce tshaj 15 ° C, thaum pathogenic fungus pib nquag npaj.
Ua ntej lub budding thiab tom qab flowering, lub kua ntoo yog sprayed nrog Tig, thiab ua ntej flowering, nrog Fundazole. Nyob rau hauv lub Autumn, tsob ntoo yog tseem ceeb los noj phosphate thiab potash chiv.
Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm tus kab mob burns
Yam ntxwv cwj pwm ntawm hlawv - lub hauv paus ntoo pib curl thiab poob tawm nplooj, lub apples shrivel thiab kuj poob.
Tus kab mob pib nrog cov lom ntawm cov av thiab feem ntau pauv los ntawm tus txiv neej lub vaj, los yog nws cov cuab yeej siv uas nws cog cov kab mob thiab thaj chaw ntawm thaj av los yog kev txiav tawm cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob zoo. Tus kab mob kuj tuaj yeem "coj" nrog rau ib tsob nroj tshiab.
Kab mob hlawv dej yuav luag tsis paub sib ntaus. Nws yog qhov zoo dua rau qhov uproot ib tsob ntoo dua li poob tag nrho lub vaj.
Yuav kom txhawm rau tiv thaiv tus kheej, ib qho yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav cov noob qoob loo hauv cov chaw tsis paub, disinfect garden cuab yeej tom qab txhua tus siv thiab, ntawm chav kawm, ua puas pests, raws li lawv kuj kis tus kab mob. Rau kev tiv thaiv, nws yog tseem tau nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav mus rau tshuaj tsuag lub av rau lub site nrog ib tug daws ntawm tooj liab sulphate.
Lub ntsiab pests ntawm Kua ntoo, txoj kev los tiv thaiv cov kab mob siab phem
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo raug teeb meem tsis tsuas yog los ntawm cov kab mob, tab sis kuj los ntawm tag nrho cov xaiv ntawm cov pests. Yog li ntawd, lub ntsiab pests ntawm Kua ntoo, nrog rau Melby, yog npauj, npauj, tsveroyed, sawflies, scytworm thiab haws, uas nws cov teebmeem yuav raug txiav txim los ntawm cov npe lawv tus kheej. Peb yuav to taub tias yuav ua li cas nrog txhua kab ntawm cov kab no.
Kua leafworm
Qhov no me me npauj npaim yog tsis kaj siab vim tias nws lays qe rau ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas nplooj ntawm tsob ntoo, tom qab uas lawv curl mus rau hauv ib lub raj, los ntawm uas lub npe ntawm cov kab. Caterpillars, hatched, muaj peev xwm noj nplooj ntoos kom tag, tawm tsuas yog streaks.
Los tua nrog cov ntawv sau yuav txawv. Tej zaum kuj zoo kev puas tsuaj ntawm kev tua kab (hlawv cov nplooj tawm los yog nyiam cov kab tua kab noj rau lub vaj) lossis tsim kom muaj cov ntxiab cuab uas tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob tuaj txog tsob ntoo.
Yuav siv tau los tua cov kab Cov pej xeem txoj kev: Txoj kev haus luam yeeb ntawm tob hau, kev siv qoob loo ntawm qos yaj ywm, qos yaj ywm los yog lws suav saum.
Thiab tseem muaj feem xyuam zoo tshaj plaws tau tshem ntawm butterflies thiab caterpillars tshuaj lom neeg. Hom no tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb, yog li koj xav tau kev pab rau nws thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev - yog tias cov kua ntoo cuam tshuam los ntawm cov kab nroj tsis txaus.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Cov ntawv cab yuav tau yooj yim hloov mus rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm co toxins ntau, yog li tshuaj lom neeg yuav tsum tau tas li hloov.Txij li thaum lub moth caterpillars muaj peev xwm txav mus sai heev los ntawm tsob ntoo mus rau tsob ntoo, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau ua hauj lwm tsis tsuas yog lub mob Kua diseased, tab sis tag nrho lwm tus.
Codling npauj
Butterflies ntawm no kab, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lub leafworm, xav kom nteg qe nyob rau hauv paj buds. Tom qab, tus kab ntsig gnaws lub noob, gnaws tawm thiab mus rau tom ntej txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nyob rau hauv lub meantime lub Kua tsis ripen thiab ntog tawm.
Koj puas paub? Ib tug larva nyob rau hauv nws lub neej yuav ua puas 2-3 apples, thaum lub kab yog li ntawd prolific hais tias lub offspring ntawm ib tug neeg tau kev puas tsuaj mus txog ib txhiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv npauj npog Nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog kom tsis tu ncua lub carrion, tom qab maj mam tuav lub tsob ntoo thiaj li hais tias cov apples puas tsis nyob twj ywm rau nws, thiab ob zaug ib xyoos - nyob rau hauv Autumn thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav - los ntxuav lub qub bark, nyob rau hauv uas cocoons tau nyob twj ywm.
Nyob rau hauv lub qia muaj ntuj yeeb ncuab ntawm kab. Qhov no yuav siv tau los ntawm kev cog qoob loo kom ntau li ntau tau rau ntawm lub vev xaib mus cuag cov "pabcuam." Nws pom hais tias lub npauj tsis nyiam qhov tsis hnov tsw ntawm txiv lws suav, yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cog lawv nyob ze. Adhesive tapes rau yoov kuj siv los tswj npauj.
Kua paj hlwb
Cov kab, raws li lub npe implies, ua puas lub bud, gnawing nyob rau hauv nws ib tug kab noj hniav rau tso qe.
Kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas kom tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kab tsuag no yog zoo li cov neeg tau piav saum toj no - tawb ntsej muag. Dhau li zoo mus rau whiten ntoo nrog ib tug daws ntawm freshly txiv qaub (1.5-2 kg ib thoob dej).
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws pom zoo kom tawm ib tsob ntoo tsis kho thiab nws yog siv los kho nws cov khoom siv sib ntaus los ntawm cov kab (co co ntawm litter thiab poob dej lawv hauv ib lub thoob ntawm kerosene).
Koj tuaj yeem tau tshuaj tsuag lub buds nrog "chlorophos".
Kua sawfly
Qhov no yog ua rau lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg ntawm lub zes qe menyuam ua ntej tshaj nws tuaj txog npauj. Muaj gorged on, lub larva tau tawm ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, ntog mus rau hauv av, khawb hauv nws rau 5-15 cm, qhov twg nws ua rau ib tug cocoon thiab winters.
Yuav kom muaj kev tiv thaiv kab tsuag Kua ntoo ua ntej thiab tom qab flowering yuav sprayed nrog Chlorofos los yog Karbofos.
Kua shchitovka
Cov kab yuav txau rau ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig ntawm tsob ntoo, uas yog pom los ntawm me me xim av loj hlob nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij. Ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm shitovki yuav nres qhov kev loj hlob ntawm lub kua ntoo, tsob ntoo dries thiab resets xim.
Koj puas paub? Lub shield yog heev tenacious, nws cov qe muaj peev xwm zam ib tug cuaj caum-degree Frost, thiab lub plhaub tiv thaiv ua rau cov kab insensitive rau kev txiav txim ntawm ntau yam kev npaj.
Raws li prophylaxis ib qho yuav tsum ntxuav cov ntoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas tua, txiav tawm cov ceg ntoo qhuav, tu cov tawv ntoo, khawb av hauv av kom zoo nkag mus rau hauv chiv, tam sim ntawd ua kom puas tsuaj pom ntawm cov ntoo hauv cov ntoo.Kev ua tshuaj lom neeg cov ntoo nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg siv tooj liab sulfate, nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav - "Nitrafen".
Ob peb hnub tom qab lub caij nplooj ntoo, cov kab laum nkag mus rau lub sij hawm nquag, yog li ntawd tsob ntoo yuav tsum raug kho nrog tshuaj tiv thaiv kabmob, piv txwv li, "Decis". Cov txheej txheem yog rov qab thaum lub caij cog qoob zog ob zaug lossis peb zaug.
Hawthorn
Qhov no yog nroj tsis muaj zes los ntawm ib lub vas sab nyob rau hauv nplooj poob los yog ib tsob ntoo, uas nws lays qe rau lub caij ntuj no, mus txog 500 daim txhua. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, lub larvae hatch thiab noj lus tag nrho cov tub ntxhais hluas qhov chaw ntawm tsob ntoo.
Qe overwinter nyob rau hauv nplooj poob, fastened nrog cobwebs zoo li ib lub zes. Tej zaum yuav muaj zes thiab ntoo. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, lub hatched larvae ua puas nplooj ntoos thiab paj buds, cov zaub ntsuab thiab paj.
Koj puas paub? Tsis zoo li qhov scythe, tus hawthorn, zoo hmoo, tsis muaj lub zog loj hlob, nws cov tsos yuav tu ncua ntau xyoo, tom qab uas nws tau tshwm sim dua.
Cov dej no tsis ua kom muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov ntoo xws li npauj npauj, npauj thiab lwm yam kab tsuag, yog li kev sib ntaus tawm tsam nws tsis yog li ntawd - tsuas yog saib xyuas rau tsob ntoo, ua kom cov kab zes pom, thiab thaum lub caij ntuj sov, thaum caterpillars tau pom ntawm nplooj, kho cov kua ntoo nrog cov tshuaj tua kab.
