Feem ntau feem ntau greenhouses yog siv rau cultivation ntawm zaub, ib qho ntawm tsawg chaw yog xam loj hlob nceb nyob rau hauv av kaw.
Rau ntau, tos nceb nyob hauv hav zoov yog txuam nrog muaj lub sij hawm zoo, tab sis cov nceb on koj zaj lus qhia rau koj kom zoo dua yog muaj peev xwm muaj cov tshiab nyob rau hauv lub rooj. fragrant nceb hauv hom xyoo puag ncig.
Cov kev pab ntawm loj hlob nceb nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev xog paj
Cultivation ntawm nceb nyob rau hauv lub tsev xog paj yog nqa tawm feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm thaum nws yog dawb los ntawm zaub. Rau cov hom phiaj no, feem ntau siv unpretentious ntau yam, tshuav tom qab fungi humus yog nquag siv raws li ib tug fertilizer. Cov txheej txheem no kuj yog kev lag luam, nceb tsis tas yuav xws li peevxws li zaub.
Lwm cov txiaj ntsig:
- kev loj hlob ntawm kev muag khoom;
- ib puag ncig kev nyab xeeb;
- muaj cov noob khoom siv;
- tsis xav tau kev txawj ntse;
- tus nqi qis dua.
Yuav nce cov nceb noj li cas?
Nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv muaj koob meej oyster mushroom, qhov zoo ntawm nws cultivation yog high yield thiab luv luv luv voj voog. Cov competitors yog nceb-koltsevik thiab lub caij ntuj no nceb.
Champignons yog suav hais tias yog ntau tshaj lij, cov av rau lawv yog npaj los ntawm ib txoj haujlwm txheej txheem. Ntau yam yuav ua li cas kom loj hlob champignons nyob rau hauv lub tsev cog khoom, qhia rau hauv qab no.
Zuj zus dawb nceb nyob hauv ib lub tsev cog qoob loo, kab phom thiab ib hom tshiab ntawm shiitake nceb, tseem tsis muaj teeb meem loj nrog rau txoj kev mus kom ze.
Greenhouse cov neeg mob
Yuav ua li cas loj hlob nceb nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev xog paj? Lub tsev xog paj rau nceb yog xyaum tsis sib txawv ntawm cov zaub, lub oyster mushroom yuav ua tau av tib lub sijhawm nrog cucumbers, qhov txawv yog yuav luag tib yam. Champignons feem ntau yog zus rau tom ntej muag, raws li nws yog heev profitable.
Nws yog ua tau kom loj hlob champignons nyob rau hauv lub tsev xog paj tag nrho cov xyoo puag ncig. Rau profit nyob rau hauv lub xyoo-round tsev xog paj yuav tsum tau nruab cub, hluav taws xob thiab roj cua sov. Cov nceb loj hlob zoo hauv cov iav thiab zaj duab xis greenhouses, thaum tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau ntsib - yam tsawg kawg nkaus teeb pom kev zoo, lub tsev yuav tsum raug tiv thaiv los ntawm kev nkag mus ntawm lub hnub.
Yuav ua li cas los tsim thiab ntxiv dag zog rau lub tsev cog khoom los ntawm polycarbonate, yuav ua li cas ua ib qho arched, lean-to (phab ntsa), los ntawm qhov rais ntas los yog xaiv ib lub tsev cog khoom-npaj, thiab seb yuav ua li cas tsim lub tsev ntawm lub vev xaib, koj tuaj yeem hais meej rau peb lub vev xaib.
Rau nceb nws yog tsim nyog los npaj ib ntu cais - npog lub teeb nrog tsaus ntuj nti zaj duab xis los yog agrofibre, nws yuav tso cai rau tsim lub zoo tshaj plaws tej yam kev mob rau kev loj hlob ntawm mycelium.
Tshwj xeeb mloog yuav tsum tau them mus rau theem ntawm humidity, uas yuav tsum tau loj txaus - rau qhov no nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog rau cov tshuaj tsuag dej tas li substrate thiab phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev xog paj. Me me sawdust muaj peev xwm mus dhia dej thiab muab rov qab rau yav tom ntej, yog li ntawd, kom cov av noo nyob rau hauv pem teb yuav tsum sawdust.
Muaj peev xwm nrog dej, muab tso rau ntawm ib qho kev ncua deb ntawm 1.5 m los ntawm txhua lwm yam, yuav pab kom paub meej tias ib theem siab ntawm cov av noo; ntxiv kev ncig ntawm noo noo.
Ntaus zuj zus
Oyster nceb
Yuav ua li cas loj hlob oyster nceb nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev xog paj? Oyster tuaj yeem zus nyob rau hauv ob lub ntsiab txoj hau kev: on ntoo nrog lossis hauv hnab. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thib ob, koj yuav tsum tau nce npaj cov tawv nruj thiab sau lawv nrog substrate. Nyob rau hauv no muaj peev xwm, zoo straw, sawdust los yog buckwheat hulls yuav siv tau, lawv muaj peev xwm yuav coj ob qho tib si thiab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv mixed.
Mus rau substrate yuav tsum tau ntxiv ib co mycelium, muab tso rau hauv hnab thiab khi nws. Oyster mushroom mycelium hlob sai heev, nyob rau hauv qee zaus nws txawm tau muab faib.
Nyob rau hauv lub pob nws yog tsim nyog yuav ua rau 7-10 qhov, los ntawm qhov twg nceb yuav loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej. Ntawm theem kawg, lub hnab yuav tsum qhov chaw nyob hauv limbo ntawm hooks lossis hlua.
Loj hlob hauv lub tsev cog khoom oyster nyob rau hauv txoj kev thib ob yog kev cog ntawm mycelium rau ntawm ntoo, rau qhov no koj yuav tsum tau ntoo tuav. Pre-moistened pieces ntawm ntoo yog them nrog ib tug mycelium, qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm qhov uas nkag mus rau hauv tsob ntoo thiab kho nyob rau hauv nws rau ob peb hnub.
Hauv kauj ruam tom ntej germination cheeb tsam nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los muab cov ntaub ntawv vov tsev los sis yas yeeb yaj kiab, nphoo nrog cov hmoov av, av thiab sawdust, ntim cov tuav kom tag rau txhua txhua 30 cm Npog lawv nrog lub ntiaj teb thiab nplua sawdust, sprinkle nrog quav nyab, saum txaj agrofibre.
Tseem ceeb video txog kev loj hlob oyster nceb:
Champignons
Yuav ua li cas kom loj hlob nceb nyob rau hauv lub tsev xog paj? Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thaum loj hlob nceb yog cov creation ntawm dej siab mob. Optimum noo noo theem pa yog 75-90%, qhov kub tau txawv ntawm 0-25 degrees.
Cov cuab yeej ntawm loj hlob champignons nyob rau hauv lub tsev xog paj yog raws li nram no: nyob rau hauv thawj theem, straw thiab manure yuav tsum tau pw nyob rau hauv piles, sprinkle ammonium nitrate on to top, nyob rau hauv lub ib feem ntawm 4 kg ib 1 cubic meter, dej, tawm rau plaub hnub. Thaum lub sij hawm no, lub compost warms li, tom qab uas nws yuav tsum tau dug li thiab chalk ntxiv rau qhov sib tov ntawm tus nqi ntawm 1 kg ib 1 cubic meter, tom qab uas lub substrate yog moistened.
Rov qab rov qab dua tom qab plaub hnub ntxiv, ntawm 1 cubic meter. mixtures ntxiv 4 kg ntawm superphosphate thiab 10 kg ntawm alabaster. Qhov thib peb digging yog nqa tawm los ntawm tib lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm, tib cov tshuaj ntxiv. Tom qab ntawd, nrog kev so ntawm plaub hnub, plaub ntau digging tsis muaj additives yog nqa tawm, lub substrate yuav tsum decomposed rau hauv txaj rau kwv yees li 24-25 hnub av ph yuav tsum tsis txhob ntab ntau ntawm 7.5.
Kev sib xyaw kom haum yuav tsum tau muab pov rau hauv cov txaj, hnab los sis thawv, qhov tob ntawm lub lwg yog 20 cm, thaum cog hauv cov hnab yas-4 hli ntuj 1. Cov av kub plays lub luag hauj lwm tseem ceeb hauv cog mycelium, nws yuav tsum tau hloov mus rau ntawm 25-30 degrees (ntawm qhov tob ntawm 5 cm)
Yog hais tias tus mob no tsis pom, lub mycelium yuav tsis germinate. On lub txaj koj yuav tsum tau ua qhov txhua txhua 25 cm thiab ib lub tob ntawm 8 cm, pieces ntawm ib tug peb-centimeter loj mycelium yuav tsum muab tso rau hauv lawv, compost thiab ntub ntawv xov xwm yuav tsum tau muab tso rau on to top.
Nrog nce humidity, lub mycelium yuav kis tau nyob ib ncig ntawm lub vaj teb, teeb pom kev zoo yuav tsawg. Yuav kom muaj ib qho av noo ntawm 85-90%, hauv pem teb yuav tsum tau muab ywg dej kom raws sijhawm.
Thawj fungi tshwm tom qab ob lub lis piam, tej yam zoo li lub vas laij tau tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw. Tom qab qhov tsos ntawm qhov tsw ntxhiab tsw ntawv xov xwm yuav tsum tau hloov nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb sib tovmuaj raws ntawm peat thiab txiv qaub (crumbs) nyob rau hauv proportions ntawm 3: 1. Lub thickness ntawm txheej yuav tsum 3-4 cm, lub teeb alkaline av mixtures kuj ua ib tug neeg hloov zov rau peat.
Lub mycelium yog them nrog moistened lub ntiaj teb, lub ntsuas kub yuav tsum tau ceev cia nyob rau hauv 14-17 degrees. Tom qab 2-3 lub lis piam koj yuav tsum tau tos rau thawj zaug, tom qab ib qho kev caij nyoog ntawm 8-10 hnub, lub mycelium pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo dua.
Sau yuav tsum nyob rau ntawm ib theem thaum lub hau npog yog nyob rau hauv lub xeev raug kaw. Rov dua nyob rau tib qhov chaw loj hlob nceb tsis pom zooLub substrate yog siv raws li ib tug fertilizer.
Yooj yim yees duab hais txog nceb mushroom:
Xaus
Nrog rau txoj cai mus kom ze, loj hlob nceb nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev cog paj tag nrho cov xyoo puag ncig yuav ua tau los ntawm txhua leej txhua tus, Cov nceb yuav ua tsis tau thiab tsis tas yuav tshwj xeeb, kev nqis peev uas yuav luag xoom. Tus txheej txheem hais kom ua raws li qee hom kev ua liaj ua teb, ntsuas kub thiab qhov av yuav tsum tau ceev cia ntawm qib siab. Qhov tseeb mus kom ze rau lub koom haum thiab kev siv cov av yuav cia nyob rau hauv hom xyoo puag ncig kom muaj tshiab nceb noj saum lub rooj.
