Lub ntsiab subtleties ntawm fertilizing rau txiv lws suav rau hauv lub tsev cog khoom: thaum twg, yuav ua li cas, thiab dab tsi chiv ua?

Ua ntej gardeners, uas tau xaiv los cog txiv lws suav nyob rau hauv greenhouses, muaj ib lo lus nug txog kev yuav ua li cas pub rau ib qho nroj tsuag kom nws tsis raug mob thiab muab qoob loo zoo. Qhov tseeb yog tias tsev cog khoom sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws nws muaj nws tus yam ntxwv, thiab dhau li ntawd, lws suav yog ib qho cog qoob loo theej uas tas li xav tau kev pab thiab tsim nyog los tsim kev tsim nyog.

Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm koj tuaj yeem nyeem txog qhov tseeb ntawm hnav khaub ncaws ntawm txiv lws suav thaum lub sij hawm germination thiab cog rau hauv ib lub tsev cog qoob loo, piv txwv li, los ntawm polycarbonate, thiab txog kev tu tus txiv lws suav.

Nta thiab qhov txawv ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm txiv lws suav

• Loj hlob txiv lws suav nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev cog khoom nyob ntawm seb muaj ntau yam. Rau greenhouses xaiv ntau yam tsiag ntawv los ntawm tsis kam mus rau cov kab mob, yooj yim tolerance ntawm kub hloov thiab ib txhia tsis muaj teeb. Tsawg-loj hlob nroj tsuag yog tsim rau me me caij nyoog greenhouses, thiab siab ntau yam rau chav dav.
• Av npaj yog ua tiav ua ntej. Nws yuav tsum tau rhuab, thaum tsis muaj cua sov, lub qhov rooj thiab lub qhov rais raug kaw ruaj ruaj, thiab hauv av zoo loosened. Av kub rau cog yog +10 degrees.
• Cog cog ntoo ua 50 hnub tom qab germination. Nyob rau hauv pre-watered av, pits yog tau, ib tablespoon ntawm pob zeb hauv av fertilizer yog muab pov tseg muaj, poured nrog poov tshuaj permanganate, thiab txiv lws suav yog cog. Ua ntej cog, txo nplooj raug muab tshem tawm los ntawm seedlings.
• Qhov chaw uas haum rau nws - 23-26 degrees, khoom noj khoom haus raws sij hawm thiab kev niaj zaus - qhov kev saib xyuas rau kab lis kev cai no. Rau dej nws yog yooj yim siv siv tshuab: nag, drip, subsurface.

Qhov xav tau tshwj xeeb

Cov chiv rau cov txiv lws suav yog cov ntxhia thiab cov organic, lawv siv nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw qhuav, kua los yog ib lub xeev ua kua. Qhov kev kho mob nws tus kheej yog nqa tawm dua thiab nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev.

Macro thiab kab kawm

Ntawm daim ntawv. Lub macroelements xav tau los ntawm txiv lws suav rau hauv lub tsev cog khoom yog nitrogen, poov tshuaj, thiab phosphorus.

1. Nitrogenous chiv lub luag hauj lwm rau kev loj hlob ntawm nplooj thiab qia. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas: thaum nitrogen deficiency nplooj yuav me thiab daj ntseg, thiab nrog ib tug ntau ntawm lawv loj hlob ntau heev, ntxiv unnecessary sab tua, uas yuav ua rau qhov phem tshaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo lawv tus kheej.
2. Phosphorus txhawb qhov tsis kam ntawm cov nroj tsuag mus rau cov kab mob thiab cov kab tsuag. Ib qho txaus phosphorus cov ntsiab lus txhawb rau tsim thiab ntxiv zog ntawm hauv paus system, thiab tseem accelerates tus tsim ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Ua kom cov phosphorus cov ntsiab lus tsis pub zinc zus. Koj tuaj yeem paub ntxiv txog phosphate chiv ntawm no.
3. Tshuaj Ntshaw accelerates thiab pab txoj kev txhim kho txoj kev, pab tsim kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam fungal kab mob uas yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm greenhouses. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj hu ua potassium ua rau lub cev tsis haum rau cov neeg mob.

No peb cov macronutrients yog theem pib hauv kev noj haus ntawm tsev cog khoom txiv lws suav. Lawv muaj lub luag haujlwm rau qhov tsim ntawm lub sim saum nruab ntug ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab cov saj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Kev tsim nyog ntawm qhov tsis txaus tu ntawm ib qho ntawm lawv yog ib txoj kev poob qis. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov loj macroelements, kab kawm kuj feem xyuam rau kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm txiv lws suav.

1. Boron lub luag hauj lwm rau tsim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zes qe menyuam, thiab kuj siv nyob rau hauv kev kho mob los ntawm ntau cov kab mob. Nws pab txhawb kev tiv thaiv ntawm kev coj noj coj ua.
2. Manganese lub luag hauj lwm rau tus txheej txheem ntawm photosynthesis, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv lub neej cog. Yog tsis muaj nws suffers nplooj ntoos ntawm txiv lws suav, nrog qhuav me ntsis tshwm ntawm nplooj.
3. Zinc siv ib feem hauv kev pauv cov as-ham thiab biosynthesis ntawm cov vitamins, tusyees nourishes nroj tsuag nrog sab saum toj hnav ris tsho.
4. Magnesium accelerates tus txheej txheem ntawm tsim chlorophyll. Nws yog ntshaw tias lub fertilizer muaj molybdenum, raws li nws tswj cov kev pauv ntawm macronutrients.
5. Sulfur nqa tawm cov synthesis ntawm amino acids, thiab ces cov proteins. Nws faib thiab thauj khoom sib txuas thoob plaws hauv cov nroj tsuag.
6. Muaj cov calcium txaus nyob rau hauv cov av yog tsim nyog, raws li nws txhawb nqa lub assimilation ntawm ntsiab thiab kev pauv ntawm tseem ceeb tshuaj.

Thaum twg, cas chiv yog siv thiab ua li cas lawv pub raws li cov txheej txheem kev txhim kho?

Tswvyim rau kaw hauv av

Yuav kom pub lub tsev xog paj thaum lub sij hawm lub caij, chiv yog thov peb lub sij hawm.

• Thawj zaug - ob lub lim tiam tom qab kev hloov ntawm seedlings nyob rau hauv lub vaj tse.

  Ua li no, npaj xws li ib tug compound: 200 g ntawm ammonium nitrate, 500 g ntawm ob superphosphate thiab 100 g ntawm poov tshuaj chloride yog diluted nyob rau hauv 100 liv dej.

• Qhov thib ob pub mis tsim thaum lub sij hawm tsim ntawm ovary.

  Cov tshuaj yog diluted nyob rau hauv 100 liv dej, 300 g ntawm poov tshuaj nitrate thiab 800 g ntawm superphosphate yog ntxiv thereto. Cov sib tov yog poured ncaj qha nyob rau hauv hauv paus ntawm bushes.

• Rau peb lub sij hawm tsev xog paj txiv lws suav yog pub thaum ripe.

  400 g ntawm poov tshuaj nitrate thiab 400 g ntawm superphosphate yog pov rau hauv tib volume ntawm dej.

Thawj txoj haujlwm nyob rau hauv lub germination ntawm noob

Tag nrho cov noob ntawm hybrid ntau yam, uas yog yuav nyob rau hauv khw muag khoom tshwj xeeb, yog nyuam mus preprocessing thaum lub ntim. Lawv yog cov tsis muaj txhij thiab sprout nyob rau hauv lub npaj cov av ntawm qhov ua ntej germination. Yog hais tias lub noob tsis tau yuav, tab sis sau, lawv yog disinfected nrog poov tshuaj permanganate.

• Thawj sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws yog nqa tawm tom qab tos, yog li ntawd, cov as-ham muab tso rau hauv cov noob substrate. Ua ntej thawj fertilizer, sprouts pub on dab tsi muaj av.
• Ob lub lim tiam tom qab lub dhia dej, thawj daim ntawv thov fertilizer tshwm sim. Rau lub hom phiaj no, ntau cov khoom uas muaj cov macro- thiab microelements. Xaiv lub chelated daim ntawv ntawm kab kawm: nws ua txhaum mus rau hauv qhov uas cov tub ntxhais hluas cov nroj tsuag muaj peev xwm assimilate. Yog hais tias daim ntawv no yog sulphate, cov tub ntxhais hluas cov dej tsis yoog tsis pom nws cov khoom lwj
• Tom qab kev pub thawj zaug ua raws li kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm kev coj noj coj ua, nrog rau kev qaug zog hauv kev loj hlob tom qab kaum hnub, rov ua txoj haujlwm. Lub complex sib tov yuav hloov nrog ib tug daws: 3 g ntawm poov tshuaj, 8 g ntawm superphosphate, 1 g ntawm nitrate yog pov rau hauv ib liter dej. Yuav kom pub txhua Bush siv 500 g ntawm composition.

Tsis tas li ntawd, koj muaj peev xwm kawm txog thawj zaug pub ntawm seedlings ntawm txiv lws suav ntawm no, thiab no peb tau qhia seb yuav ua li cas ua ntej no thiab tom qab xaiv.

Thaum tsaws

Ua ntej cog rau hauv lub tsev cog khoom, cov av npaj, crushed eggshell thiab tshauv yog ntxiv rau qhov dej hauv me me (nws yog nplua nuj tseem ceeb). Pob zeb cov chiv tsis tuaj yeem nchuav mus rau hauv qhov dej, qhov siab ntau yog qhov teeb meem rau cov keeb kwm, tib yam siv rau manure los yog humus.

Tom qab tsaws

Nws yog pom zoo kom ncuav lawv nrog Txoj Kev lis ntshav ntawm crushed tshuaj ntsuab (nettle, plantain) sai li sai tau tom qab cog. Ntoo tshauv thiab mullein yog ntxiv rau nyom, nws yog tag nrho tov li, thiab tom qab ob peb hnub nws yog diluted nrog dej nyob rau hauv ib tug ratio ntawm 1: 8. Thaum watering noj yog 2 liv ib Bush.

Txiv lws suav nyob rau hauv Bloom

Thaum lub sijhawm no, cov kab lis kev cai tseem tab tom muaj qaug zog ntawm potassium thiab phosphorus, thiab nitrogen lub sijhawm ntawd ntau tshaj li qhov txaus. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua ntxiv flowering txiv lws suav rau urea. Thaum flowering, potash thiab phosphate chiv yuav qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Siv cov chiv ua kom muaj kev loj hlob. Cov no muaj xws li poov xab, boric acid. Tsis tas li ntawd, boric acid yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj lig blight.

Daim ntawv qhia tshuaj: 10 g ntawm cov khoom pov tseg yog muab pov rau hauv 10 liters ntawm cov dej kub. Thaum twg dej txias, cov txiv lws suav yog txau, thiab kwv yees li 100 ml ntawm cov kua uas siv rau ib lub ntsuas (meter).

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yuav kom nce lub tawm los nyob rau hauv lub tsev xog paj nws yog tsim nyog los tsim kho pollination. Yuav kom nce cov zes qe menyuam, chav quaj quaj nrov thiab tawg zuj zus tuaj yeem nrhau; xws li kev sib zog txhawb nqa kev hloov cov paj ntoos mus rau tom hav zoov.

Foliar chiv

Los ntawm kev kho foliar muaj xws li txau rau cov phom sij ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Los ntawm cov nplooj, cov nroj tsuag sai assimilates lub tsim nyog ntsiab. Qhov no yog siv los ua kom tau qhov kev tshwm sim yam tsawg kawg nkaus. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub ntsiab yuav tsum tsis txhob concentrated.

Cov ntxhia chiv tseem siv tau nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv qhuav, tawg lawv ntawm ntub av. Thaum lub sij hawm flowering lub sij hawm rau txiv lws suav nws yog pom zoo kom siv ib tug pej xeem tshuaj - tshauv nrog dej (2 khob ntawm tshauv ib 10 liv dej); tooj liab sulphate thiab manganese sulphate 1: 2. Cov kev kho mob yog nqa tawm hauv cov huab cua kaub khaum kom tsis txhob tshav.

Cov lus qhia ntxiv txog kev noj zaub mov foliar tuaj yeem pom ntawm no.

Yuav ua li cas kom paub txog qhov xav tau rau foliar pub mis?

Tsis muaj txhua lub caij muaj nws tus yam ntxwv.

1. Nrog ib tug nyiaj tsawg ntawm boron, muaj ib tug curvature ntawm sab saum toj ntawm Bush, qhov tsos ntawm xim av me ntsis rau ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab yellowness nyob rau ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub tua.
2. Nrog rau cov zinc, cov nplooj me me tuaj nrog xim av me ntsis, maj filling tag nrho cov nplooj, thiab nrog rau tej yam zoo li sunburn.
3. Yog hais tias magnesium tsis tuaj, cov nplooj ntawm cov leeg hlav daj los sis kab tawm.
4. Nrog ib tug tsis muaj molybdenum tawm curl, muaj cov cim qhia ntawm chlorosis.
5. Yog tias tsis muaj calcium uas txaus, muaj cov kev hloov hauv lwm cov menyuam yaus, lawv cov tswv yim qhuav, thiab ces tag nrho nplooj ntoos phaj, thaum lub qub nplooj loj tuaj thiab tsaus ntuj. Qhov saum ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo pib rot, thiab nrog ib tug tsis muaj calcium, sab saum toj ntawm Bush tau feem ntau tuag tawm.
6. Sulfur tsis muaj peev xwm muab heev nyias stems, nplooj tig lub teeb ntsuab thiab maj tig daj.
7. Yog hais tias tsis muaj hlau, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, foliage ntawm puag puag daj, ces lawv tig dawb nrog ntsuab leeg.
8. Ib qho kev tsis txaus siab ntawm manganese muaj tib lub cim, tab sis yellowness tsis tshwm rau hauv qab, tab sis yog faib tawm.
9. Nrog ib tug tsis muaj nitrogen Bush fade sai, pib nrog qis nplooj.
10. Deficiency ntawm phosphorus muab cov nroj tsuag ib ntshav xim, yog hais tias tsis muaj ib qho tseem ceeb, lub qia thiab qis ib feem ntawm Bush tau txais tsis muaj ib lub siab Hawj.
11. Qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm poov tshuaj nyob rau hauv neeg pluag flowering thiab ib tug me me ntawm tus ovaries.

Ua kom tiav cov tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm cov as-ham

• Raws li kev loj hlob stimulator, dog dig yeasts yog haum, lawv saturate lws suav nrog cov tshuaj noj thiab ntxiv dag zog rau lub cev. Rau kev daws teeb meem:
  1. hnab me me ntawm poov xab;
  2. 2 tbsp. l qab zib;
  3. ib co dej sov kom yaj tag nrho nws;
  4. Qhov loj yog diluted nrog 10 liv dej; ib nrab ib liter ntawm kua yog yuav tsum tau rau txhua tus nroj tsuag.
• Ib zaug los yog ob zaug ib lub caij, txiv lws suav muaj noj nrog iodine. Rau 100 liv dej, 40 tee uas yuav tsum tau muaj, lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav npau tsuag, 2 liv txhua. nyob rau hauv Bush.
• Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas ua kom foliar kev kho mob nrog ashes nyob rau txhua theem ntawm kev loj hlob, kev noj ntawm cov nyob tus yoojyim yog tib yam li nyob rau hauv yav dhau los muaj. Cov tshuaj muaj 10 iav ntawm tshauv ib 100 liv dej.

Nyob rau hauv xaus, nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias li niaj zaus thiab raws sij hawm fertilization ntawm tsev xog paj txiv lws suav yog tseem yuav tsum tau, zoo li watering thiab weeding. Ntxiv nrog rau kev yuav khoom ntawm cov chiv ua, kuj siv cov ntaub ntawv ua los ntawm kev tsim kho kom zoo nkauj. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, koj yuav tsum paub qhov kev ntsuas, txij li ib qho nce nqi ntawm pob zeb hauv av chiv leads mus rau ib tug deterioration nyob rau hauv lub saj ntawm txiv lws suav.