Niaj hnub no, Lakenfelder yog qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov nqaij qaib: yog tias yav dhau los cov neeg qaib no suav cov txhiab txhiab tus txhiab tus, niaj hnub no muaj peev xwm suav tau tias yog tshaj ib txhiab plhis. Tab sis koj yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab no nthuav yug - cov qaib tseem tseem yuav pab tau rau niaj hnub breeders. Dab tsi yog qhov nta ntawm lakenfelders, yuav ua li cas tswj thiab dilute lawv - hais txog qhov no tom qab nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm.
Keeb kwm keeb kwm
Lakenfelder yog ib yam ntawm cov hlob breeds: Thawj cov lus ntawm hens, zoo li nyob rau hauv tsos rau lachenfelders, pom nyob rau hauv XVIII-XIX centuries. Cov noog no tau tuaj nyob rau hauv Westphalia, lub Netherlands thiab Belgium, thiab ntau dua nyob hauv lub zos Zotterghem thiab Lackervelt. Sab nraum lub teb chaws no, tus tsiaj tsis tshwm sim. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lachenfelders tau tsim los ntawm pib xyaum ua breeders uas ua hauj lwm rau kev txhim kho ntau hom ntawm chickens thiab yug me nyuam tshiab nqaij thiab qe yug. 
Tab sis maj, lwm, ntau prolific breeds pib mus rau pawg neeg tawm no hybrid, thiab tam simi laekenfelder yog nyob rau lub verge ntawm extinction. Tus txheej txheem ntawm degeneration ntawm yug yug mus rau nyuab - qhov zoo li ntawm chickens raws li tus qauv ua ib rarity. Tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa ntawm breeders connoisseurs ntawm lachenfelders, tsis yog ib qho kev hnoos qeev ntawm cov noog tej zaum yuav sab laug nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb sai.
Hails los ntawm Netherlands kuj yog barnevelder chickens thiab velzumer, txawv los ntawm lawv cov xim xim thiab zoo qe-tso kev ua tau zoo.
Cov yam ntxwv thiab nta
Nws yog precisely vim hais tias ntawm lawv cov tsos thiab cov yam ntxwv uas lakenfelders, txawm tias tsis tshua muaj, tab sis tseem tshwm sim nyob rau hauv breeders thiab tsis tau kiag li ploj.
Sab nrauv
Tus qauv yug tus cwj pwm no qhia txog laquenfelders zoo li cov noog uas muaj sib npaug ntawm lub cev, cov tis yog loj, haum haum rau lub cev, lub caj dab yog nruab nrab ntev, ntseeg nkaws mus rau hauv ib lub me ntsis rov qab rau hauv roosters thiab hauv qab rov qab hauv cov qaib. Lub xub pwg yog qhov dav, lub hauv siab yog dav, cog tob. Cov maum hauv cov poj niam yog cov me nyuam fuller thiab rounder dua caug. 
Hauv cov cocks, tus Tsov tus tw yog tsim los ntawm ob peb lub braids nrog ntev plaub curving nyob rau hauv ib qho arc. Cov nqaij qaib muaj ib tus tail me me, tsis muaj braids.
Lub taub hau me me, cov txiv neej muaj kab loj loj thiab cov qhwv ntsej loj. Nyob rau hauv chickens, txawm li cas los, lub crest yog me me, tab sis nws kuj sawv upright; tsis muaj tsej. Cov kaus ncauj yog me me, grey. 
Nrog rau tag nrho nws lwm massiveness, qhov ceeb thawj ntawm cov noog me me - qhov hnyav nruab nrab ntawm cov txiv neej yog 2.2-2.5 kg, tus pojniam - 2.0-2.2 kg.
Koj puas paub? Ntawm tag nrho cov tsiaj txhu, nqaij qaib yog cov txheeb ze ntawm dinosaurs.
Xim
Qhov tseeb laekenfelder muaj xim ntawm ob lub xim - dub thiab dawb (daj), hauv kwv yees li ntawm tus qauv. Lub taub hau, lub caj dab thiab tus tw ntawm cov lauj kaub thiab hens yuav tsum dub. Torso thiab txhais ceg lawv tus kheej muaj xim dawb (daj) ntawm plumage.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Raws li lawv paub, cov lakenfelders hloov xim, thiab ntau tshaj ib zaug. Yog li ntawd, txhawj tias tus qaib ua tsis tau raws li tus qauv tsis tsim nyog nws.
Temperament
Qhov xwm ntawm lub lakenfelders yog qhov nqig, tab sis sociable, lawv tsis ua teeb meem rau tus tswv. Cov phooj ywg tsis sib zog, lawv txoj kev sib ntaus sib tua tsuas yog thaum muaj kev tsim txom rau tsev neeg tshwm sim. Lub ntsiab ntawm qhov kev tu ntawm cov noog zoo li no yog xyuas kom muaj tseeb muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm tsev neeg: ntawm ib tug qaib 10 hens. Tsiaj txhu ua haujlwm heev, lawv nyiam khiav hauv aviary. Tsuas yog qhov tsis zoo xwb yog lub plab ntawm cov noog, lawv txaus siab rau kev sib raug zoo.
Cov breeds ntawm nqaij qaib nqaij thiab qe qhia muaj xws li maran, amrox, austlororp, Kyrgyz grey, Pushkin Lavxias teb sab crested, golosheyka, Kuban liab, thiab vyandot.
Hatching instinct
Nqaij qaib lakefelder - zoo hens. Lawv nquag zaum hauv lub zes thiab hatch qaib, thiab tom qab ua tus hlub niam. 
Cov khoom zoo
Lakenfelders tau bred li nqaij thiab qe qaib, tab sis nrog lub advent ntawm cov tshiab breeds lawv pib mus ntawm tus nqi es hniav, thiab lawv cov txiaj ntsim zoo tsim nyog rau tom qab.
Chickens muaj ib tug zoo nkauj tsos: Shell silk, sybright, araukana, Oryol, silver brekel, Ayam cemeni, Pavlovskaya, bielefelder.
Puberty thiab txhua xyoo qe ntau lawm
Thaum muaj hnub nyoog rau lub hli Lackenfelders ncav cuag lub hnub nyoog ntawm kom loj hlob thiab yog npaj txhij rau yug.
Thaum ncav rau rau lub hlis, lub hens pib zes, tab sis lub ncov ntawm qe qhuav yog 1-2 xyoo. Ib tug poj qaib ib xyoo twg muaj li 180 lub qe - tsis yog qhov phem tshaj plaws, txawm tias piv nrog cov ntaub ntawv cog qoob loo ntawm qe. Chickens rush 10 lub hlis ib xyoo, ob lub hli so vim los ntawm lub caij nyoog yaj molting.
Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tom ntej, qhov txo txo, thiab tom qab peb lub xyoos ntawm lub neej hens raug xa mus rau slaughter. Qhov nruab nrab, cov lachenfelders nyob 6-7 xyoo. 
Precocity thiab saj ntawm nqaij
Nyob rau ntawm 6-7 lub hlis, roosters ncav lawv lub siab tshaj plaws qhov ceeb thawj, hens - nyob rau ntawm 9-10 lub hlis. Chickens raug xa mus rau slaughter tom qab txo qe qhuav - nyob rau hauv peb los yog plaub lub xyoo.
Cov qoob loo pwm yog 80-85%. Laws hnyav - 2.0-2.2 kg, nqaij qaib - 1.8-2.0 kg.
Tsawg dua qhov hnyav yog compensated los ntawm delicious nqaij - dawb, ilv hauv saj.
Koj puas paub? Nyob rau hauv ntau cov khw nojmov, lakefelder nqaij yog muaj nuj nqis rau nws cov saj.
Cov xwm txheej ntawm kev raug txim
Cov ntsiab lus lakenfelder tshwj xeeb teeb meem tsis yog.
Coop Yuav Tsum Tau Muaj
Lawv khaws cov lakenfelders nyob rau hauv ib tug dav qaib coop, raws li tus yug yog heev active thiab tej zaum yuav xav tau ntau qhov chaw tshaj li lwm cov qaib. 
Mus nqa qhov loj ntawm cov nqaij qaib coop, raws li no tus qauv - 1-1.5 square metres. m rau ob tug qaib. Rau ib tsev neeg nyob rau hauv 10 chickens yog coj lub chav tsev tsawg ntawm tsis pub tsawg tshaj 2 x 3 meters.
Yuav tsum tau ua hauv pem teb tsis yog - nws muaj peev xwm ua tau lub ntiaj teb, lub tsev teev ntuj, xis mas los yog pawg thawj coj saib xyuas. Nyob rau hauv pem teb ua litter rau rwb thaiv tsev thiab yooj yim ntawm tu. Straw, sawdust, thiab xuab zeb yog haum raws li cov ntaub ntawv txaj. Raws li lawv tau txais lo av, hauv pem teb yog tu thiab lub litter hloov mus rau ib lub tshiab, txog li ib zaug 1-2 lub lis piam.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Tsis txhob ncua qhov kev hloov ntawm khib nyiab - cov khoom siv av qis nyhav nce ntxiv cov dej ntws thiab kev kis cov kab mob, uas tsis tshua muaj teeb meem rau cov noog.
Nyob rau hauv lub hen lub tsev teem caij teeb pom kev zoo - rau ib tug zoo qe tso, nruab hnub nrig yuav tsum sib npaug li 15-17 teev. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm qhov chaw ntawm lub teeb yuav pab tswj cov cua kub hauv chav. Txawm hais tias lakenfelders tiv thais frosts zoo, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los tuav cov ntsuas ntawm + 16-18 ° C sab hauv tsev. 
Pw tsaug zog chickens nyob rau perch, uas yog ua los ntawm ntoo cav nyob rau ntawm ib qhov siab ntawm 50 cm los ntawm hauv pem teb. Nws tsis tsim nyog los tsim ib lub ru tsev ntawm ob sab, kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem nruab nrab ntawm cov qaib thiab cov pa phem hauv pem teb ua ntej los ntawm cov noog zaum saum toj. Qhov ntev ntawm tus ncej yog xaiv nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm tus xov tooj ntawm cov noog: ib tug nqaij qaib yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg 25-30 cm - qhov no yuav cia lawv mus khwv tau ntau freely.
Rau hens xav tau nests. Lawv txaus siab nyob rau hauv ib lub kaum xim dub ntawm ib tug nqaij qaib coop los ntawm thawv los yog baskets. Lub zes tob yog 35-40 cm, dav - 30 cm, qhov siab - 30 cm Cov nram qab ntawm lub zes yog them nrog sawdust los yog straw. Cov nests - 1 txog 5 qaib.
Qhia koj tus kheej nrog cov tswv yim seb yuav ua li cas thiab tsim kom muaj ib tug qaib coop koj tus kheej, nrog rau kev tsim ib lub caij ntuj qaib coop nrog koj tus kheej tes on 20 chickens.
Taug kev vaj tsev
Rau lakenfelders nws yog tsim nyog los muab ib tug loj taug kev cheeb tsam - lub chickens yog heev mobile, thiab muaj me ntsis ntawm 6-7 square metres rau taug kev. Lakenfelder nyiam taug kev mus ntev thiab ntau heev, txawm tias muaj huab cua phem thiab tuaj txog li 10 ° C. Lawv plumage tso cai rau koj los ua txoj haujlwm zoo li no. Qhov siab ntawm lub laj kab ntawm taug kev caij yuav tsum yog 1.8-2 m. 
Feeders thiab drinkers
Tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsum tau pub rau noj rau lub tais thiab haus cij los ntawm lakenfelders.
Koj tuaj yeem siv lub cev thiab daim ntawv:
- tais;
- gutter;
- bunker.
Tib yam siv rau drinkers - ib tug loj ntuag yas lub raj mis, lub tais hlau, los yog lwm lub thawv dej yuav ua.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tsis yog hom los yog hom ntawm cov chiv thiab dej haus, tiam sis kev tu ncua kev nkag mus rau cov zaub mov thiab dej.
Yuav ua li cas nyiaj kom txias thiab cua sov
Lub plumage ntawm lub lakenfelders tso cai rau lawv zam sov huab cua thiab kub li txias raws li -10 ° C. Tab sis nyob rau hauv chav nyob qhov twg chickens nyob, yuav tsum muaj ib txwm yog ib tug xis kub rau lawv - + 16-18 ° C nyob rau lub caij ntuj no thiab + 20-25 ° C nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov. 
Moult
Nyob rau hauv lub Autumn, lub lakenfelders pib shedding - lawv discard lub qub plumage. Qhov no yog ib qho kev coj ua thiab qhov qub, nws yog tshwm sim los ntawm lub caij nyoog thiab cov kev hloov hauv nruab hnub.
Shedding yog ib qhov kev nyuaj siab loj rau cov qaib. Nyob rau lub sij hawm no, lub tso tawm ntawm qe nres tag, cov hens saib mob, lawv yog cov sensitive kov. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los muab cov noog kev noj haus protein ntau (tab sis tsis pub siab tshaj 5%), nkag mus rau cov dej huv, txhua txhua txoj kev mus yos hav zoov. Nrog kev pabcuam ntawm teeb pom kev zoo koj yuav tsum tau nce lub teeb hnub - qhov no yuav cia lub molt mus dhau ntau calmly.
Yuav ua li cas pub ib tug neeg laus yaj
Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau koj nrhiav kev xoom kuas rau lakenfelders ntawm koj tus kheej. Yog li ntawd, txhua tus neeg cog qoob cog lus pom zoo tias cov khoom noj zoo tshaj plaws yuav tsum muaj kev sib xyaw pub mis thiab mash, xws li "Vogel" thiab cov zoo li no. Cov hnab yuav tsum tau ua kom sov thiab sov me ntsis. Nyob rau hauv qhov sib tov koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv tshiab nyom, nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no lub zaub ntsuab hloov nrog soaked quav nyab thiab straw.
Ntawm koj tus kheej, koj tuaj yeem ua kom ntau ntau qhov kev noj haus nrog cov nplej, ntses roj, pob txha noj mov, poov xab. Nco ntsoov haus dej haus huv kom txaus. Vitamin tshuaj yog pom zoo nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav - thaum lub sij hawm molting thiab txo lub tso ntawm qe. 
Nws tsis yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau muab tshuaj rau cov qaib kom nce qe ntau lawm, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no lawv tsis siv thiab txawm teeb meem.
Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov lawv pub lub chickens thaum sawv ntxov thiab yav tsaus ntuj, txhua txhua hnub noj mov yog hloov los ntawm ntsuab pasture rau ntawm ntau. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, lawv hloov mus rau peb pluas noj ib hnub nrog cov khoom siv npaj txhij ua thiab mash.
Xav paub ntau ntxiv txog kev noj haus ntawm tso hens: pub npaj, tus nqi ntawm pub rau hnub.
Yug me nyuam qaib
Txawm hais tias lakenfelder poj niam yog cov me nyaum qaib, tsim kom zoo dua yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tau qaib. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog rarity ntawm yug: ob peb liaj teb yug lakenfelders, thiab nws ua yooj yim kom tau txais ib lub qe rau kev tsim kab mob dua li ib tug nyob qaib. Qe yog xa los ntawm abroad, muaj ntau tus neeg raug thiab khoob. Yog li ntawd, lakenfelders yog suav hais tias nyuaj rau yug thiab tsis pom zoo rau breeders. 
Qe Ua kom yuag
Ua ntej yuav muab cov qe los ua kom zoo, lawv yuav tsum xaiv thiab npaj. Tag nrho cov qe yuav tsum yog tib lub loj, loj, tsis muaj kev loj hlob, tawg, roughness thiab lwm yam teeb meem. Yuav kom disinfect lawv koj yuav tsum tau so nrog ib tug qaug zog daws ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Ntxuav cov qe ua ntej yuav muab tso rau hauv cov kab tsim tawm.
Kev Xyaum Cov Cai:
- Nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau muab cov qe nyob rau hauv ib qho incubator thaum yav tsaus ntuj - qhov tshwm sim ntawm hatched chickens thaum sawv ntxov thiab yav tav su, thiab tsis thaum tsaus ntuj, nce significantly.
- Thaum lub sij hawm sov so ntawm lub qe koj yuav tsum tig 10-12 zaug ib hnub twg.
- Kev tsim kom ua kom ntev li 21 hnub thiab muab faib ua peb lub sijhawm, txhua tus uas muaj nws qhov kub.
- Los ntawm 1 mus rau 11 hnub, qhov ntsuas kub yuav tsum yog 39 ° C, humidity 75%.
- Los ntawm 12 mus rau 18 hnub lub ntsuas kub yog txo los ntawm 0.5 ° rau 38.5 ° C, humidity - txog li 60%.
- Txij li 19 mus rau 21 hnub, qhov kub txias dua los ntawm lwm cov degree - mus 37.5 ° C, cov av qis nyob tib theem lossis nce mus txog 65%.
Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov mob, qaib yuav tshwm nyob rau hnub 21-22.
Kawm seb yuav ua li cas xaiv txoj cai incubator rau koj lub tsev thiab nkag siab txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws: "Layer", "Ideal hen", "Cinderella", "Blitz".
Kev saib xyuas rau cov hluas
Cov qaib hauv lawv cov xim tsis zoo li cov noog laus. Lawv yog xim daj nrog hnav, kwv yees li 50% hatch dawb huv thiab dub. Tus dawm hatching yog 38 g. Lub siab ciaj nqi ntawm me nyaum qaib - 95% yuav suav tau tias yog ib tug virtue ntawm yug. 
Tom qab hatching, me nyaum qaib yuav tsum tau wiped, qhuav thiab rhuab. Lawv cog rau hauv ib lub thawv los yog lub thawv nrog sawdust los yog quav nyab, uas yog muab tso rau hauv ib chav tsev sov nrog kub ntawm + 30-32 ° C. Tom qab ntawd txhua lub lim tiam tus kub yog qis los ntawm 2-3 °.
Thawj ob peb hnub ntawm lub neej, lub teeb rau cov qaib yuav tsum nyob rau 24 xuab moos, tom qab lub hnub nrig hnub txo mus txog 14 teev.
30 hnub tom qab hatching, lub tshav pob hluas npaj tau muab tso rau hauv lub coop loj rau ib tug neeg laus herd.
Nqaij qaib noj
10-12 xuab moos tom qab hatching, pub cov chickens. Raws li pub, ib qho av qe nrog tsev cheese thiab ntxiv me me ntxiv ntawm cereal yuav ua. Yog li ntawd lawv tau pub 10-14 hnub.
Nyob rau hauv peb lub lim tiam ntawm lub neej, lub ntsiab loj yuav pub rau cov qaib nrog ntxiv ntawm nyom tshiab. Rau kev haus dej muab dej rau cov muaj potassium permanganate.
Hloov tshiab
Cov phwj yog kho txhua txhua 3-4 xyoo. Txawm hais tias qaib tau nyob mus txog 7 xyoo, tab sis tom qab peb xyoos lawv tau poob, thiab txawm nres tag, tso cov qe, thiab tsis muaj kev nkag siab tias ua rau cov poj niam no. By lub sij hawm no, nws yog ua tau kom loj hlob cov tub ntxhais hluas ntawm lachenfelders thiab hloov txheej. 
Pros thiab cons
Lub ntsiab zoo ntawm lub yug:
- Txawv txawv thiab zoo nkauj tsos.
- Ntsuas qis thiab siab kub.
- Txaus siab thiab nyob nrog lwm cov tsiaj.
- Maj mam nqaij.
- Kev siab tus kab mob siab.
- Tus nqi ua cov qauv luam yeeb.
Ntawm qhov tsis muaj peev xwm hu ua:
- nruab nrab khoom tsim tau;
- ntau qhov chaw yuav tsum tau muab piv rau lwm hom tsiaj txhu;
- teeb meem yug me nyuam, coob tus me nyuam qaib ua tsis tau raws li tus qauv;
- ib tug rarity, thiab yog li ntawd nyuaj nyob rau hauv acquire qe thiab chickens.
Yees duab: Lakenfelder Hens
Lakenfelder - tsawg, tab sis zoo nkauj heev yug ntawm chickens. Qhov teeb meem nyob rau hauv chaw ua taus zes yog compensated los ntawm ib tug txawv txawv tsos, kev sib tw thiab six nqaij. Lakenfelders tsis haum rau pib tshiab pib tshiab, tab sis kev yug breeders yuav ua rau lawv tus kheej tshab rau preserving tus ancient yug ntawm cov noog.
