Grapes

Loj hlob grapes rau berries: yuav ua li cas xaiv ntau yam rau cheeb tsam Moscow

Yog hais tias lub cheeb tsam nyob qhov twg gardener lub neej yog lub npe hu rau qhov txias kev nyab xeeb thiab nees nkaum degrees ntawm Frost, qhov no yuav tsis yog ib qho kev nyuaj siab mus rau cultivation ntawm vines. Peb lub tswv yim yuav pab koj xaiv cov kev cai tiv thaiv kabmob uas tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv rau kev tso cov vajvoog, muab kev tu nws thiab kom tau ib qho zoo.

Ukryvnye thiab nekryvnye ntau yam

Hauv viticulture, tsis muaj cov tswv yim ntawm "npog thiab tsis zais cov txiv hmab", nws yog hais txog ib qho ntawm cov tib neeg cov yam ntxwv ntawm ntau yam. Piv txwv li, ib qho hmab hauv lub teb chaws Crimean los yog Krasnodar Territory raws li thaj chaw uas tsis yog vov nyob hauv cheeb tsam hauv Moscow xav tau ib qho chaw rau lub caij ntuj no.

Tsuas yog tus kws kho mob - cov nroj tsuag txiav txim siab uas hom tsiaj (npog los yog tsis npog) nrog rau ntau hom nroj tsuag. Nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm Russia, yuav luag tag nrho cov ntau yam yog zus tsis muaj ib lub caij ntuj no chaw, tab sis ze zog mus rau hauv nruab nrab cheeb tsam, ib txhia ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau yam yuav tsum tau sov so rau lub caij ntuj no.

Txawm hais tias muaj kuj frost-resistant grape ntau yam uas zam luv luv los yog ntev frosts zoo kawg nkaus. Cov ntau yam yog heev fertile txawm nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm cheeb tsam Moscow.

Video: lub caij ntuj no Hardy grapes

Unopen txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj xws li ntau yam tau los ntawm breeders raws li ib tug ntawm hla cultivated grapes nrog American ntau Librusek. Lawv muaj cov kabmob tsis haum, thaum ntxov ripening, tsis kam mus rau cov kabmob loj ntawm no kab lis kev cai, thiab kev saib xyuas rau lawv yog yooj yim thiab tsis yooj yim.

Rau cov uas tsis tau cog qoob loo xws li ntau yam tsim nyog:

  • Aleshenkin;
  • Tus nqi;
  • Nadezhda Aksayskaya;
  • Victor;
  • Shun;
  • Couder;
  • Jupiter;
  • Sovering Tiara;
  • Alpha;
  • Thawj Hu
Koj yuav tsum txaus siab kom tau txais cov neeg paub nrog lub 10 ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws uncovered grapes.
Cov neeg pib cog qoob loo yuav tsum paub: cov tub ntxhais hluas, tsis paub cai vines lub caij ntuj no yog ib qho tsim nyog, cov nroj tsuag yog siv rau qhov txias hauv theem, xyoo tom qab xyoo:

  • thawj xyoo - lub vine yog them;
  • xyoo ob - qhov chaw yuav tsum tau dhau lawm;
  • peb lub xyoo - cov nroj tsuag yog ib feem them, ib lub tes tsho yog sab laug uncovered rau Frost tsis tuaj xeem, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav (rau cov kab tshoob tseem ciaj) cov txiaj ntsig yuav meej.
Xyuas seb qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm txiv lws suav, eggplants, carrots, plums, apricots, cherries, cherries, kua-puab ntoo, strawberries thiab remontant raspberries rau thaj tsam Moscow.

Ntxiv nrog rau kev loj hlob grapes nyob rau hauv ib tug npog los yog tsis-npog kab lis kev cai, nws yog siv nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Moscow kom loj hlob no heat-loving qoob loo nyob rau hauv greenhouses.

Frost winters tsis yog txaus ntshai rau lub vine li thaws uas hloov txhua lwm thiab subzero kub. Nrog tsim khaub thuas, cov nroj tsuag tuaj yeem muaj kev nyab xeeb, thiab thaum tsis muaj kev kub ntxhov muaj qhov txaus ntshai tias cov vines tau zoo yuav pib tig thiab ua rau pwm nyob hauv vaj tse.

Frost-resistant grapes rau cheeb tsam Moscow, uas tsis tau them rau lub caij ntuj no

Thaum xaiv ntau yam rau kev tso ib lub vaj hauv thaj av no, koj yuav tsum tau ua kom pom tseeb txog qhov siab tshaj plaws hauv subzero muaj peev xwm ntawm thaj chaw no. Kuj yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account lub sij hawm ripening.

Thaum ntxov maturing ntau yam (thaum ntxov, thaum ntxov thiab nruab nrab-thaum ntxov) yuav feem ntau haum rau cheeb tsam Moscow. Tseem ceeb heev yog lawv tsis kam mus fungal kab mob thiab kab tsuag.

Aleshenkin

Thaum ntxov grapes txiv hmab txiv ntoo, lub ripening lub sij hawm ntawm uas tsis pub dhau 118 hnub. Cov txhuam txhuam muaj ntau heev, zoo-branched, muaj cov duab ntawm ib lub khob hliav, qhov nruab nrab txhuam hnyav yog los ntawm 700 grams mus rau 1.5 kg, tab sis Giants uas mus txog 2.5 kg kuj nquag! Lub grapes yog loj (los ntawm 3 mus rau 5 grams), oval nyob rau hauv cov duab, cov xim ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas lub teeb zib mu, nrog ib tug me ntsis ciab txheej. Nyob rau hauv txhua txhua thib ob txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis muaj pob txha. Lub saj ntawm Aleshenkin grapes yog harmonious, Sweet thiab muaj kua pulp yog tus qauv ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub rooj grapes.

Peb pom zoo kom tau txais kev ntsib nrog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntau yam ntawm thaum ntxov, nutmeg, dawb, liab, dub, lub rooj, txias-resistant thiab technical grapes.

Nrog zoo saib xyuas nyob rau hauv peb lub xyoo ntawm cultivation, tawm los ntawm ib tug nroj tsuag ncav 25 kg. Aleshenkin grapes muaj zoo Frost tsis kam, uas tsis muaj kev txom nyem muaj peev xwm withstand kub mus rau - 26 C, tab sis tsis zoo resistant rau fungal kab mob.

Qhov kev nyiam no yog tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ntub, dej nag. Yuav kom tsis txhob mob, grapes yuav tsum tau kho txhua ob lub lim tiam nrog tshwj xeeb npaj.

Video: Aleshenkin grape ntau yam lus piav qhia

Victoria

Qub, sij hawm-mus kuaj nqaij toxic ntau yam. Thaum ntxov ripe, lub ncov ntawm ripening yog 110-120 hnub tom qab flowering. Oval grapes yog heev loj (6-7 grams), daim tawv nqaij thiab cev nqaij daim tawv yog xim liab dawb nyob rau hauv cov xim, ntawm daim tawv nqaij muaj ib tug yam ntxwv ciab txheej.

Victoria cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog muaj kua thiab qab zib, daim tawv nqaij nyias nyias thiab muaj qhov nyiam ua tawg thaum lub sijhawm los nag. Zoo-ripened txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau vine tau txais qhov saj thiab aroma ntawm nutmeg. Cov berries nyob rau hauv ob txhais tes yog xoob, tus txhuam nws tus kheej yog xoob, qhov loj ntawm ib pawg yog los ntawm 500 grams mus rau 1 kilogram.

Victoria yog ib qho kev thauj mus los kom zoo tshaj li kev ncua ntev, zoo nkaus li zoo thiab ua liaj ua teb. Cov qhab nees no yog kev lag luam. Vim lub siab zoo siab ntawm berries, lub nkev yog loj cuam tshuam, los tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm kev puas tsuaj, nyob rau hauv ntiag tug tsev neeg ntsim grapes yog ntim rau hauv tshwj xeeb hnab ntawm agrofibre. Qhov no ntau tolerates frosts txog - 26 C.

Koj puas paub? Nyob rau hauv Yixayee lub nroog Ishi- yawa, tus neeg yuav khoom uas tau xaiv los ua tus neeg tsis muaj npe yuav ib qho txiv hmab txiv ntoo "Ruby romans". Tus nqi no yuav raug nqi nws $ 5,400. Lub pawg muaj peb caug lossis loj grapes, txhua tus txiv hmab yog qhov loj me me ntawm cov qe me me. Tus nqi ntawm ib tug txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog 180 dollars.

Kuderka

Winegrowers paub ntau yam nyob rau hauv ob lub npe: Kuderka los yog Kudrik. Cov tawm los ntawm no lig ntau yam yog tsuas yog amazing - rau ib tus neeg laus cog nws ripens txog li 100 kilograms ntawm berries. Xiav xiav puag ncig txiv hmab txiv ntoo (nrog pob zeb) yog cov heev qab zib, ua tsaug uas lub cawu cub tau los ntawm berries ntawm no ntau yam yog npaj tsis muaj ntxiv qab zib.

Cov txhuam muaj qhov nruab nrab thiab loj, qhov nyhav yog li 300 grams, qhov txhuam ntawm qhov txhuam yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub plhaub tiab los yog lub khob ntawm qhov nruab nrab, qee zaus lawv kuj xoob. Lub Kuderka yog undemanding thiab lub caij ntuj no-Hardy, nws tsis ntshai frosts txog -30 C, nws yog ib qho yooj yim tu nws. Tsis muaj qhov zoo rau cov kab mob hu ua fungal disease (mildew, oidium), tab sis muaj txaus txaus rau cov phylloxera, thiab yog li ntawd yuav tsum tau muab txau nrog cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb. Los ntawm Kuderki tsim zoo heev fortified wines.

Lydia

Mid-lub caij ntau yam, thawj ripe berries tshwm 150-160 hnub tom qab flowering. Nroj tsuag ntawm medium vigor, Berry tassels yog tsis heev loj. Pawg hnyav yog kwv yees li 100 gram, txiv hmab txiv ntoo los yog ib nyuag oval, nrog cov tawv nqaij liab thiab nqaij tawv. Muaj ib tug ciab ntawm daim tawv nqaij uas muab nws ib lub teeb liab-liab doog hue.

Lub saj ntawm Lydia yog harmonious, Sweet thiab qaub nrog ib tug Strawberry qab. Qab zib ntau yam - 19-20%. Ib qho ntxim nyiam feature ntawm ntau yam yog lub strawberry tsw. Lub caij nplooj ntoos ntev dua ntawm cov txiv hmab hauv lub vine, lub richer thiab sweeter lawv saj yuav yog. Tus sau los ntawm ib tus neeg laus tuaj yeem ncav 40-42 kilograms ntawm berries. Lydia muaj kev ywj siab zoo rau cov kab mob xws li cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo li mildew thiab oidium, thiab kuj feem ntau reacts rau overwetting ntawm cov av. Lub vine yog heev Frost-resistant, nws tolerates freezing down mus rau - 26 C, nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam yav qab teb nws yog zus raws li ib tug unopened qoob loo.

Jupiter

Qhov ntau yam ntawm heev thaum ntxov ripening lub sij hawm, los ntawm flowering mus rau tag nrho ripeness, yuav siv sij hawm los ntawm 110 mus rau 115 hnub. On medium-qhov loj qhov me loj heev grape pawg ripen, nruab nrab qhov hnyav nyob rau hauv txhuam yog 300-500 grams. Txhuam hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub cylinder los yog ib lub khob hliav qab, muaj qhov nruab nrab (muaj cov xoob).

Cov xim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo Berry ntawm maub liab kom xiav-violet. Lub hue ntawm berries nyob ntawm lub degree ntawm ripeness ntawm pawg. Loj berries (4-6 grams) muaj ib qho zoo nkauj oval duab, lub cev nqaij daim tawv thiab lub teeb ci tom qab. Cov txheej txheem qab zib nyob rau hauv lub pulp yog los ntawm 21% thiab siab dua. Frost tsis kam mus txog - 27 C, zoo tsis kam mus rau fungal kab mob.

Koj puas paub? Raws li cov lus Henplais thaum ub, tus vajtswv ntawm viticulture, Dionysus, muaj kev pom zoo ntawm ib tug tub hluas zoo nkauj nrog ib pawg ntawm cov txiv hmab hauv nws txhais tes, dhau los ntawm tag nrho lub ntiaj teb. Qhov chaw uas cov tub ntxhais hluas tau dhau los, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas tau muab tsob txiv hmab txiv ntoo raug coj mus thiab muab nws cov nplooj. Yog li ntawd cov neeg tau kawm tau loj hlob tshav ntuj berries, uas tau muab lawv nqhis dej quenching, noj qab haus huv thiab kev xyiv fab.

Sovering Tiara

Qhov no vine ripens heev thaum ntxov, thawj berries yog ripening twb nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-Lub yim hli ntuj. Tus nroj tsuag yog vigorous, lub bushes yog haib, razlohie. Kev tsim tau zoo. Txhuam ntawm grapes weighs txog 200 grams (medium), berries yog me me (2-4 grams), puag ncig, dawb.

Vim lub luv luv Berry cuttings (los ntawm 3 mus rau 5 mm), lub arrangement ntawm grapes nyob rau hauv pawg yog heev ntom. Lub saj yog qab ntxiag, qab zib thiab qaub. Frost tsis kam ntawm ib tug neeg laus (los ntawm 3 xyoos) vines ncav mus cuag - 30 C. Ntau hom rooj lub hom phiaj.

Valiant

Grapes nrog ib tug loj qauv ntawm Bush, on tuab vines matures ntau me me Berry txhuam (ntev 8-10 cm, ceeb thawj 80-100 g). Qhov ntau yam yog thaum ntxov, loj ripening tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo caum kawg ntawm lub yim hli ntuj los yog thawj xyoo caum ntawm Cuaj hlis (nyob ntawm huab cua).

Muaj coob tus tab tom nrhiav cov lus teb rau cov lus nug: Yuav ua li cas cog cov txiv hmab hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thaum twg thiab yuav ua li cas grape txiv hmab, seb puas yuav tu grapes thaum lub sij hawm flowering, yuav ua li cas hloov thiab tsis puas grapes, yuav ua li cas kom loj hlob los ntawm chubuk thiab pob txha.

Cov txiv hmab yog xiav-dub, ncig, me me nrog cov tawv nqaij tsis sib cais los ntawm cov nqaij thiab tus pob txha loj theej. Lub berries yog tightly nyob rau hauv txhuam. Cov txheej txheem qab zib nyob rau hauv lub pulp yog los ntawm 18 mus rau 20%. Productivity thiab Frost kuj yog zoo heev.

Tus paub tab, zoo-ripened vine tsis khov tawm txawm nyob rau hauv Frost mus txog -45 C. Valiant Grapes yog siv los ua wine caw, tab sis nws kuj siv tau raws li ib lub hom phiaj lub rooj. Ib qho txawv ntawm qhov ntau yam yog ib lub teeb nrig Strawberry.

Koj puas paub? Muaj ib qho kev ntseeg qub uas hais tias qhov xim thiab tsos ntawm cov txiv hmab nyob ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm hnub thaum lawv muaj siav. Yog hais tias pawg ntawm grapes ripened ntawm xibfwb, lawv cov tawv nqaij yuav tau txais ntxoov ntxoo ntawm yav sawv ntxov kaj ntug, yog thaum tav su, lub rays ntawm lub hnub yuav colour lawv nyob rau hauv cov xim ntawm melted kub. Grapes ripening nyob rau hauv thaum yav tsaus ntuj thiab thaum hmo ntuj yuav tig xiav thiab dub (cov xim ntawm lub hmo ntuj ntuj).

Phenomenon

Lub sij hawm teem rau lub rooj sib tham nrog lub khob loj loj, qhov hnyav nruab nrab ntawm ib pawg yog los ntawm 0,5 kg mus rau 1 kg. Bush nruab nrab lub zog loj hlob. Berries yog dawb-daj (8-10 hom g), oval-puab, nrog ib tug Sweet-qaub saj. Cov txheej txheem qab zib ntawm berries yog 20-22%.

Kev loj hlob ntawm kev txhuam hniav pib ntawm ob xyoo kaum xyoo ntawm lub yim hli ntuj thiab kav ntev mus txog rau thaum lub Cuaj Hlis. Lub vev ntses vine yog frost-resistant, nws nyob tsis tau-pub dawb-txog li-24 ° C tsis muaj kev piam sij.Ua ib hectare ntawm muaj cov vineyard, yield yield reaches 140 centners.

Alpha

Zoo tshaj plaws Frost-resistant ntau yam los ntawm North-American pawg ntawm ntau yam tau los ntawm hla nrog Librusek. Qhov no muaj peev xwm ua tau rau - 35 C yam uas tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj. Tus vine yog lianoobrazny, nws lub qhov luaj ncav cuag 9 meters, nplooj daim phaj loj heev (25 cm ntev thiab 20 cm dav).

Qhov ntau yam yog medium lig, flowering tshwm sim nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-Lub rau hli ntuj, thiab ncov ntawm fruiting yog 140-150 hnub. Pawg ntawm qhov loj me, muaj ib hom cylindrical, ntom. Lub grapes yog medium loj, puag ncig, xiav xiav (yuav luag dub) nyob rau hauv cov xim nrog ib tug Hawj liab liab los yog xim liab.

Cov nqaij yog heev qaub, slimy, muaj ib lub teeb Strawberry qab. Daim tawv nqaij ntawm grapes yog them nrog ib tug grey wax paj tawg. Cov tawm los ntawm no ntau yam yog zoo heev, nrog kom tu koj muaj peev xwm tau txais txog li 10 kg ntawm berries los ntawm ib tug nroj tsuag.

Nyob rau hauv industrial cultivation, qhov tawm los ncav cuag 180 centners ib hectare. Alpha yog heev resistant mus rau loj cov kab mob ntawm grape thiab grape vine, tab sis nws yooj yim tau chlorosis. Qhov qhab nia no yog siv los hnav khaub ncaws los ntawm cov xim ntsuab ntawm tus kheej, khov, phaj.

Koj puas paub? Nyob hauv phau Vaj Lug Kub Npaiv Npaum los ntawm Yexus Khetos rau nws pab yaj, nws hais txog nws tus kheej nrog lub vine, thiab Vajtswv tus txiv - nrog ib tug saib xyuas thiab nyuaj ua haujlwm winegrower.

Twm

Muaj ntau yam thaum ntxov ripening, nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Moscow, pib ntawm fructification yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub Cuaj Hli. Bushes yog haib, vigorous, cov tub ntxhais hluas tua ua ntej Frost muaj lub sij hawm kom paub tab zoo. Grape txhuam nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm ib tug cone, medium loj, ntom. Lub loj Berry yog puag ncig, me ntsis kheej li lub qw, loj.

Xim yog dub-xiav, ib tug tev nrog ib tug grey wax paj ntaub. Lub saj yog harmonious, Sweet thiab qaub, nrog ib tug pear tom hav zoov aftertaste. Qab zib cov ntsiab lus - 18-21%, tawm los rau industrial cultivation - txog li 120 centners ib hectare. Twm muaj ib qho kev tiv thaiv siab zoo (- 28 C), cov nroj tsuag muaj me ntsis mildew los yog grey rot ntawm berries. Cov taum grapes yog siv los ua cov ntxhuav wines thiab kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo.

Tswv yim rau kev loj hlob grapes nyob rau hauv lub suburbs

Rau cov neeg tsis muaj kev paub nyob rau hauv viticulture, peb yuav pom zoo kom ib tug ntev-ntev cultivation ntawm seedlings nyob rau hauv lub chaw zov me nyuam (shkolke). Cov menyuam yaus sab (zus los ntawm cuttings nyob rau hauv ib lub hotbed) nyob rau hauv ob xyoo ntawm lub neej yog transplanted mus rau hauv ob-luj ntim ntim nrog qhib rau dej khiav hauv qab.

Cov ntim no kuj tau nruab rau hauv lub shkolka, qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lawv yog ib nrab tau nrog av. Cov tub ntxhais hluas cov nroj tsuag nyob twj ywm ntawm kev loj hlob nyob hauv hoob zov me nyuam kom txog thaum uas tag nrho loj hlob. Ib qho kos npe hais tias nws yog lub sij hawm mus cog cov nroj tsuag mus rau qhov chaw mus tas li yuav yog thawj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo grape.

Loj hlob hauv shkolke simplifies kev saib xyuas ntawm cuttings: lawv yog cov yooj yim mus rau dej, harden, txheej txheem los ntawm pests thiab vaj tse los ntawm Frost. Thaum pib los yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm Kaum Ib Hlis, ntim nrog saplings yog tsiv mus rau lub qab daus rau wintering. Loj hlob grapes nyob rau hauv shkolka caij nplooj ntoos hlav (May 20-25), lawv transplanted mus rau ib tug mus tas li qhov chaw los ntawm tus qauv ntawm ceev faj tuav, yam uas tsis muaj damaging lub keeb kwm. Qhov no technology ntawm loj hlob tub ntxhais hluas grapes tsim los ntawm kev paub txog growers thiab yog siv rau thaum ntxov pib ntawm fruiting seedlings.

Xaiv qhov chaw

  • Av Qhov zoo tshaj plaws xau rau lub vineyard yog dub av los yog Sandy av. Cov av nrog xuab zeb yog txawm zoo tshaj chernozem, ua tsaug rau nws xoob qauv (kua), nws zoo dua kis kub thiab freezes sai dua. Kiag li tsis tsim nyog rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qis swampy lowlands, nyob rau hauv xws li qhov chaw lub nroj tsuag yuav rot lub keeb kwm.
  • Kev taw qhia Lub vines yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv qhov chaw siab tshaj (xav sab qab teb los yog sab qab teb sab hnub poob). Yog tias qhov chaw tsis muaj qhov chaw siab tshaj plaws, thiab tsis muaj chaw seem rau qhov chaw sab qab teb ntawm lub tsev, ces nws yog qhov pom zoo kom tsim ib lub laj kab ntawm cov laug cam los yog lub laj kab (ob qho chaw siab). Xws li tus qauv yog taw qhia los ntawm sab hnub tuaj mus rau sab hnub poob.
  • Qhov chaw Thaum npaj ib lub vaj txiv hmab, qhov chaw zoo tuaj yeem raug xaiv, tsis tuaj yeem mus rau qhov cua txias ntsiag to. Raws li tus txheej txheem cua tsis muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm ua ib lub laj kab loj lossis phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev.

Tsaws

Peb txoj kev mus nteg ib lub vaj txiv hmab

  1. Tsaws hauv qhov dej. Yuav tsum nteg ib lub vaj hauv av rau txhua tus nroj tsuag, cog cog nrog qhov ntev ntawm 80 x 80 x 100 cm yog nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb dub av, lub qhov dej loj ntawm 80 x 80 x 80 cm yog txaus.
  2. Tsaws hauv qhov quav. Cov tub ntxhais hluas grape saplings yog cog nyob rau hauv no txoj kev on Sandy xau. Qhov tob ntawm qhov trenches yuav tsum ncav cuag 80 cm, thiab lawv dav yog coj mus rau 1 meter. Lub hleb yuav tsum nyob ntawm sab qab teb mus rau sab hnub poob.
  3. Tsaws hauv kev siab npau taws. Tsis zoo rau av (loam los yog av nplaum) tsis tau txaus los ntawm lub hnub, yog li ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thaj av uas tau cog hauv siab heev (txog li ib meter). Laus Lavxias lub npe ntawm xws landing embankments - "ua haujlwm."

Koj puas paub? Lub npe ntawm cov khoom siv loj tshaj plaws ntawm hnub no tseem nyob rau Chilean cov ntaub ntawv, nws qhov hnyav yog 9398 grams. Xws li ib pawg zoo tshaj plaws hauv xyoo 1984 hauv Chile.

Tseg sijhawm - hlob grapes nyob rau hauv lub suburbs, koj yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tias thawj frosts tau pib thaum ntxov, thiab cov nroj tsuag tsis muaj lub sij hawm kom tau zoo thiab paub tab. Yog li ntawd, thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav disembarkation, qhov feem ntau lub sij hawm zoo rau cog yog peb los yog plaub xyoo ntawm lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj.

Thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg cog qoob loo, lub sij hawm pib lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg nyob rau tag nrho ntawm Lub Kaum Hlis, nyob rau lub sij hawm no muaj tseem sov heev thiab ntau heev ntawm noo noo. Autumn grapes tau cog ua ntej qhov pib ntawm thawj Frost. Yuav kom tsis txhob poob siab nyob rau hauv lub cultivation ntawm no qoob loo nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, ib tug gardener yuav tsum tau xaiv txoj cai seedling.

Cov kev cai rau kev yuav khoom ntawm seedlings

  1. Yuav cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tom qab lub Peb Hlis los sis thaum Lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj.
  2. Ib tug ob-xyoos-laus sapling yuav muaj zog thiab lush ci keeb kwm.
  3. Ua ntej cog, yuav seedlings yuav tsum tau soaked nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb npaj rau kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam aphid (phylloxera). Kev npaj "BI-58" los yog "Kinmiks" yog zoo tsim nyog rau lub hom phiaj no; ob koob tshuaj noj rau hauv qab so qhov cuttings: 2 ml ntawm kev npaj yog ntxiv rau 10 liters dej. В раствор укладываются саженцы на 30 минут, после чего промываются в чистой воде.
  4. Приобретенные в марте-апреле двухлетние саженцы высаживаются в пятилитровые контейнеры (можно в дырявые ведра) и выращиваются в перфорированном пленочном укрытии (школке, временной теплице) или на южном подоконнике, лоджии.

ВИдео: как выбрать саженцы винограда Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws mus thov rau yuav khoom ntawm grapes saplings mus gardeners - lolus nrog ib tug zoo lub koob npe nrov los yog yuav lub yam ntau yam nyob rau hauv lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo me.

Ob leeg nyob rau thawj zaug thiab hauv zaum thib ob, nws yog ntshaw mus ntsib tus neeg nyob hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv nrog tus neeg muag khoom seb qhov no puas loj tuaj, nws ua li cas txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nrhiav seb tus neeg muag khoom pom zoo li cas rau qhov sib txawv ntawm no.

Kev yuav cov seedlings ntawm txhim khu kev qha sellers, koj yuav nco ntsoov tias thaum kawg nws yuav loj hlob raws nraim ntau yam uas koj xav yuav. Tsis txhob yuav txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob hauv cov kev lag luam.

Muab kev saib xyuas zoo

Grapes yog zus tsuas yog zoo-fertilized av. Ua li no, nyob rau hauv lub Autumn khawb hauv cov av pab cov teeb meem organic, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav lub vineyard yog pub kua mineral hnav khaub ncaws. Tus nqi ntawm kev ua cov organic caij nplooj zeeg Pub mis yog nqa tawm hauv Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj. Nyob rau hauv hauv paus txheej ntawm txhua tus nroj tsuag, ib thoob ntawm nyuj manure yog pw tawm on to top ntawm cov av thiab 50 grams ammonium nitrate, 50 grams poov tshuaj ntsev thiab 100 grams superphosphate yog evenly tawg. Tom qab ntawd, cov av yog dug li nyob rau spade bayonet thiaj li hais tias tag nrho cov chiv yog heev them nrog av.

Koj yuav pab tau nyeem txog yuav ua li cas kom dej thiab pub cov txiv hmab hauv lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg.

Tus nqi ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av chiv ua rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij ntuj sov thaum ntxov Qhov no hnav khaub ncaws yog nqa tawm ob zaug: ua ntej grapes Bloom thiab tom qab thawj ripe berries pib tshwm.

On ib tug neeg laus vine Bush: to top hnav khaub ncaws yog npaj raws li nram no: 20 grams superphosphate thiab 10 grams ammonium nitrate dissolve nyob rau hauv 10 liv dej. Cov tshuaj yog siv nyob rau hauv hauv paus thaum lub sij hawm watering.

Yees duab: thaum twg thiab yuav ua li cas pub grapes

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yog tias cov tshuaj ntxhua thiab cov organic ua ke, daim ntawv tus nqi ntawm txhua cov khoom raug txo 50%.

Loos - Cov av nyob rau hauv qhov vineyard yuav tsum tau tas li khaws xoob thiab tshem ntawm cov nroj tsuag, rau lub hom phiaj no, txog li kaum kev kho av yog nqa tawm thaum lub sij hawm lub caij ntuj sov.

Watering - Tom qab cov nroj tsuag cog, lawv yuav tsum tau muab cov dej kom ntau (tsawg kawg 30 liv hauv ib lub hav txwv) ob zaug ib hlis. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, lub zaus ntawm dej txo, vim hais tias kev nyab xeeb nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Moscow yog rather humid.

Rau qhov yooj yim ntawm watering los yog thov kua fertilizer ze ntawm txhua Bush, koj muaj peev xwm nruab ib tug tshwj xeeb muaj peev xwm rau watering. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog ib lub hwj yas uas muaj tsib-qhwv nrog lub cut-off hauv qab (khawb hauv av hauv lub caj dab), los yog ib lub thawv qub uas tau khawb av nyob ze ntawm cov hauv paus hniav. Xws li tsis paub "paub-yuav ua li cas" yuav ua kom cov khoom ya lossis cov chiv ncaj ncaj rau lub hauv paus ntawm cov txiv hmab. Yog hais tias qhov cog txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau yam yog rooj, tom qab ntawd 3 xyoos tom qab lub raj xa dej mam hloov nrog lub ntsuas pa (asbestos los yog hlau) khawb.

Rau technical (wine) grape ntau yam, nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub ib ntus tank rau dej yog tag nrho muab tshem tawm, txij li ntawm noo noo ntawm xws li ntau yam yog muab los ntawm keeb kwm ntawm tob dej txheej.

Qhov piav qhia txog kev siv dej yog tsim rau cov nroj tsuag me me. Dej ntawm neeg laus cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsuas yog pub rau caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab caij nplooj zeeg dej ntau xwb. Txog ib lub lim tiam ua ntej lub flowering ntawm vines pib, lub watering nres, raws li ntau noo noo yuav ua rau shedding ntawm paj, uas yog, poob ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov qoob loo.

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Grape bushes watered tsuas yog nyob rau ntawm hauv paus! Watering los ntawm sprinkling tshaj nplooj (raws li zoo raws li lub caij nyoog rains) yuav ua rau ib qho outbreak ntawm fungal kab mob. Nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Moscow yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los mus loj hlob grapes nyob rau hauv ib tug los ntawm daim ntaub pob zeb ntawm polyethylene.
Yees duab: txhim kho cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo

Trimming thiab shaping - lub caij ntuj sov tua ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas kev txiav ntoo (txiav nrog shears) ntawm ib qhov siab ntawm 1.7 m Qhov no yuav tsis cia cov tub ntxhais hluas cog rau nws cov dag zog hauv kev loj hlob ntawm tsis tsim nyog lashes thiab cia lub vine kom paub meej zoo mus rau Frost.

Kom tsim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hluas: ntau yam nrog tsawg tsis kam mus Frost yog them los ntawm pawg. Nws yog cov ntau yam uas tau pom zoo kom tsim los ntawm tus kiv cua los yog cordon tsim. Frost-resistant grape ntau yam tsis zais rau lub caij ntuj no, yog li lawv siv tus qauv los yog sib tsoo shaping.

Kawm ntxiv txog qhov tseeb pruning ntawm grapes nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav, lub caij ntuj sov thiab Autumn.

Vaj tse rau lub caij ntuj no - cov tub ntxhais hluas ntau yam (txawm Frost-resistant) nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo ntawm lub neej yuav tsum tau npog rau lub caij ntuj no. Hauv av ib feem ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas Bush yog qhwv nrog spunbond los yog agrofiber, nws paus cheeb tsam yog them nrog ib tug txheej ntawm sawdust 5-7 cm tuab.

Ua ntej yuav pib loj heev, cov nroj tsuag ntim rau hauv av thiab them nrog cov nroj tsuag khib nyiab (nplooj, koob, ceg ntoo, cov pob kws los yog cov paj ntoo), thiab cov thawv ntoo tshwj xeeb. Nyob rau hauv qhov pib ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thaws, lub caij ntuj no Cross yog muab tshem tawm sai sai, raws li qhov kev ncua kev hawv mus tshuab tawm cov txiv hmab.

Yuav ua li cas los txiav txim seb nws yog lub sij hawm kom tshem tawm tsev los ntawm wintering grapes thiab seb puas yuav nroj tsuag txom nyem los ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav frosts? Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, tom qab yaj tas thiab sov so (5-7 degrees Celsius), cov chaw raug tshem tawm ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tab sis lawv yog ib ntus sab laug mus nyob ze ntawm lub vaj txiv hmab.

Yog li ntawd, cov paj tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm nws cia li rov qab tuaj frosts (yog tias tsim nyog, cov khoom siv rau vaj tse yog nyob rau ntawm tes thiab nws tsis yooj yim rau qhwv lub bushes nrog lawv dua). Tag nrho cov no lub sij hawm, lub vine tseem dag rau hauv av, khi lub lash on trellis yog ua tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov Tej zaum, thaum kev hem thawj ntawm Frost rov qab yuav recede.

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom noj straw tshiab ntawm lub xyoo no raws li lub caij ntuj no zaub rwb thaiv tsev rau lub vaj txiv hmab. Nws attracts rau wintering nyob rau hauv lub grape Cross ntawm thaj nas gnawing lub stems thiab keeb kwm ntawm bushes. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, xyoo tas los, lub straw semi-ripe yog zoo kawg nkaus rau lub hom phiaj no. - nws yog lub teeb, sov thiab nas tsis nyiam nws tsis hnov ​​tsw tsw.
Yees duab: thaum twg qhib cov txiv hmab
Koj puas paub? Nyob rau ntawm Crimean exhibition-competition "Golden Rev ntawm Grapes" hauv xyoo 2009, tus tau txais kev pab yog tus neeg txheeb ze S. Ilukhin, uas nyob hauv cheeb tsam Dzhankoy. Lawv tau muab rau kev ntsuam xyuas qhov kev sib tw txiav txim siab loj grape txhuam ntau yam "Hloov". Qhov loj ntawm pawg tau 8600 grams!
Peb vam tias peb lub tswv yim yuav pab koj hauv kev tso ib lub vaj txiv hmab rau thaj tsam hauv cheeb tsam Moscow thiab nws cov khoom tom qab. Peb xav koj ib tug siab zoo sau ntawm tshav ntuj cawu cub berries!

Kev txheeb xyuas los ntawm lub network

Rau peb qhov chaw, bred thiab ntau yam.)) Thiab ntau heev. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, nws yog zoo dua mus rau loj hlob ob peb ntau yam nyob rau ntawm ib zaug, thiab peb yuav txaus los pib nrog. Ntxiv mus, xaiv ntau yam, nws yuav zoo rau kev txiav txim siab txog yam koj xav cog rau nws. Noj los yog los ua caw. Yog hais tias qhov no thiab hais tias, nws yog twb tsawg kawg yog ob yam. Zoo, nrog rau xim, saj, dhau lawm, yuav zoo mus nrhiav tau tawm. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, Friendship, Timur, Laura, Super Ntxiv, Charlie yog zoo rau thaj tsam Moscow - chaw nres tsheb wagons. Thiab hais txog cov hybrids - kuv tsis paub, kuv yuav tsis hais. Kuv xav tias qhov kev lom zem no twb yog rau cov neeg cog qoob loo.
Denis35
//www.agroxxi.ru/forum/topic/3764-#entry15129

Nroj tsuag grapes yuav ua tau nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg, thiab nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov thiab lig caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Saplings nrog ib tug kaw paus system, nws yog pom zoo kom cog nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis-ua. Thiab seedlings nrog ib qhib paus system yuav cog los ntawm thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav mus rau nruab nrab-Autumn. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, muaj ob peb txoj kev ntawm cog grapes saplings. Kuv xyaum ua raws li nram no: Kuv khawb tawm ntawm 50 centimeters, kuv pw tsaug zog hauv qab taw qhia, txog 15-20 cm, ib qho tawg cib txhuam los yog ntxhib gravel, ces kuv tsaug zog hauv lub qhov taub nrog lub ntiaj teb. Kuv thaj av muaj ib qho sib npaug ntawm cov pob zeb, cov xuab zeb, min. fertilizer thiab manure. Ntawm 4 sab ntawm lub fossa kuv ntxig yas yas 50-60 cm ntev (uas yog siv rau cov chaw tu huv). Kwv yees li ntawm 5-10 cm yuav tsum nyob rau hauv av mus rau dej lub seedlings thiab pub lawv los ntawm lub tub. Raws li rau ntau yam, kuv loj hlob "Saperavi North", "Amur", "Sukribe".
tushin
//www.agroxxi.ru/forum/topic/3764-#entry15175

Kuv tus kwv tseem tabtom nrog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj hlob nyob hauv nruab nrab txoj kab, nws yuav pom tau tias yuav luag thaj tsam Moscow). Thiab nws hais rau kuv tias nws siv los siv ib qho chaw vaj tse rau lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tiam sis tom qab ntawd nws tau taug kev deb ntawm nws, raws li nws qhov muag khawb ntawm cov hmab. Thiab tam sim no 5 xyoo twb npog, thiaj li mus hais lus, "qhuav" hom. Tom qab lub caij nplooj zeeg Autumn, nws ntxiab cov vines thiab txo nws hwj ib tug lapnik nyob rau hauv lawv, tom qab uas nws kuj muab lapnik on to top thiab npog nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb txheej txheem ntoo thawv. Tom qab ntawd, nws npog tag nrho cov pob zeb nrog cov khoom vov lossis cov yeeb yaj kiab, tab sis cov xim ntawm cov huab cua loj heev yuav tawg, yog li kuv xav tias cov khoom siv vov tsev yog qhov ntau tshaj.
sablikova
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Hais txog lub vaj tse ntawm cov txiv hmab hauv lub cheeb tsam Moscow, nyob ntawm ntau yam, ntau yam ntawm-25 C yog txaus los nias rau hauv av, nrog frost tiv thaiv -29 C thiab hauv qab no yuav zus tsis npog, peb muaj ib tug zoo zoo dua lwm regions, nws yog ib qho zoo insulator rau bury cov hmab hauv av nws tsis tsim nyog, ntau yam nrog Moro resistant los ntawm i20C rau-25C yuav tsum tau them, rau qhov no yog txaus npog khoom, tab sis qib-23 kuj tsis cover tab sis khi vine thiab nias nws mus rau hauv av, zoo lub caij ntuj no los ntawm snow. Grapes nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Moscow yog ib qho yooj yim! Txhua yam nws yog nyob ntawm qhov kev xaiv ntawm ntau yam, rau cov tub ntxhais tshiab kuv qhia Crystal, dawb, qab zib tsis xeb, xim xiav-Zaum, Zilga, tab sis feem ntau nws yog qhov zoo dua rau cog tam sim ntawd relying rau koj saj, yog tias koj cog kom raug,
vinogradmo
//www.agroxxi.ru/forum/topic/3764-#entry32055