Txawm tias twb muaj coob tus naj npawb ntawm gooseberry ntau yam, breeders mus txuas ntxiv ua hauj lwm ib qho nyuaj los txhim kho cov yam ntxwv ntawm qoob loo. Ib txhia ntawm gardeners nyob rau hauv ib tug hurry mus yuav ib tug tshiab cov khoom, thiab ib tug neeg trusts lub sij hawm-xeem ntau yam. Ib qho ntawm qhov zoo-paub ntau yam gooseberry - Malachite, txog nws thiab yuav tham txog hnub no.
Keeb kwm ntawm yug me nyuam ntau yam
Nyob rau hauv Lavxias lub nroog ntawm Michurinsk nyob rau hauv lub All-Lavxias Kev tshawb fawb lub koom haum ntawm Horticulture. Michurin nyob rau hauv qhov kev sau npe ntawm Sergeeva twb bred by hla ntau yam Phenicus thiab Dub Negus ib tug tshiab tsi ntawm Malachite. Hauv xyoo 1949, daim ntawv thov kev ntsuam xyuas ntau yam yog xa mus rau State Committee ntawm RSFSR rau kev sim thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm kev yug me nyuam. Thiab nyob rau hauv 1959, qhov ntau yam raug tso cai loj hlob, cheeb tsam tau pom zoo, ntawm uas yog cov Lower Volga, Ural thiab Far Eastern.
Nqe lus piav ntawm Bush
Gooseberry Bush Malachite ntom, nrog ib tug dav crown, siab (txog li ib thiab ib nrab meters siab). Thickly woody ceg intertwine nrog txhua lwm yam, cov tub ntxhais hluas ceg yog curved, nrog ntsuab daim tawv, tsis ntug. Cov spines yog ib qho, tab sis kuj muaj ob qho tib si, nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm ceg, nyob rau hauv pos thiab hauv internode. 
On qhov tua, spikes ntawm medium ntev thiab tuab, nyob rau hauv internodes - me thiab thinner, lawv loj hlob ncaw, yog li ntawd lub Bush yog suav hais tias nruab nrab-nplua nuj. Emerald ntsuab foliage, sib npaug puab, nrog ib tug ntug carved ntug ntawm lub phaj, lub Upper ib feem yog tus, tus qis ib yog pubescent. Cov nplooj ntawv ntawm nplooj ntawv yog khi.
Tej zaum koj yuav xav nyeem txog gooseberry pinless ntau yam.
Nqe lus piav ntawm berries
Loj puag ncig berries, ripening, muaj muaj ceeb thawj mus txog rau grams. Lub ntug ntawm daim tawv nqaij tsis tuaj, ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog them nrog ib tug kov ntawm wax. Cov xim ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo sib raug mus rau lub npe ntawm ntau - malachite-ntsuab. Vim hais tias ntawm nyias daim tawv nqaij, littered nrog lub zog tshaj lub keeb kwm yav dhau, weined, tus Berry nkawd translucent.
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog khaws cia ntawm nyias nyias, es ntev qis ntawm ib tsos tsaus tsawv ntxoov ntxoo. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj ntau lub noob me me. Gooseberry muaj ib qho tsis hnov tsw nqaij nyoos: ntawm 5-teev teev, nws saj yog kwv yees li ntawm 3.7 points: qab ntxiag, refreshing, thiab qaub. 
Peb qhia koj kom koj paub koj tus kheej nrog lub cuab yeej ua teb ntawm cultivation ntawm xws li ntau yam ntawm gooseberry, xws li: "Grushenka", "Kolobok" thiab "Komandor".
Yam ntxwv ntawm ntau yam
Malachite yog unpretentious thiab muaj zoo yam ntxwv, rau kev uas ntau gardeners thiab lub caij ntuj sov neeg txaus siab rau nws.
Disease thiab Kab Tsuag tsis kam
Raws li cov lus tshawb pom ntawm lub Xeev Tsoom Fwv, Malachite muaj peev xwm ua rau powdery mildew, yog mob tsis taus mus rau anthracnose, thiab ua suab tsis raug rau kev sib ntaus los ntawm sawflies thiab firefighting. Nws tsis yog xeb xaim thiab Septoria, nws yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm lwm yam kab tsuag.
Yog li ntawd, tiv thaiv kev ntsuas - kev kho mob nrog fungicides thiab insecticides, raws sij hawm txiav thiab kev saib xyuas ntawm cov av - yog cov tseem ceeb heev rau cov nroj tsuag.
Drought tsis kam thiab lub caij ntuj no hardiness
Gooseberry tsis yog ntshai ntawm ib tug ntse hloov nyob rau hauv kub, rho tawm cov cim nyob rau tus pas ntsuas kub tsis ntshai ntawm nws. Qhov ntau yam yog bred rau loj hlob nyob rau hauv txias thiab ntev winters. Txawm li cas los, xws li cheeb tsam tsis txawv thiab tshwj xeeb yog kub nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov; yog li ntawd, cov nroj tsuag tsis zam drought zoo heev. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov nws xav tau ntau tshaj watering. 
Gestation lub sijhawm
Malachite yog txawv los ntawm medium thaum ntxov ripening: nyob rau hauv May nws blooms, lub ripening ntawm berries pib nyob rau hauv lig rau hli ntuj, thiab nyob rau hauv lig Lub Xya hli ntuj lawv sau. Tsob ntoo qos tsis ntev los no, thiab ntev ntev, yog li koj tuaj yeem noj ntau tshaj ib qho qoob loo, tab sis yog tias koj tsis noj cov txiv tam sim ntawd, tab sis muab me ntsis "ncav cuag", lawv yuav tau txais ib qho kev kub thiab kub hnyav.
Saib ntawm lwm yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo: shrubs algae: algae algae, goji, txiv hmab, raspberries, currants, hiav txwv buckthorn, sunberry thiab dev rose.
Tawm
Gooseberry self-fruiting, pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo ob xyoos tom qab cog. Thawj zaug yog tsis zoo heev, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov nram qab no xyoo lawv sau txog li plaub kilograms los ntawm ib tug Bush. Fruiting kav txog li kaum tsib xyoos, nrog kom tu rau gooseberry tawm los yuav luag tsis txo.
Tsheb thauj mus los
Cov nplooj ntoos goos tev, txawm nws qhov muag, yog muaj zog thiab ntom. Berries yam uas tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj tau raug thauj mus los ntev ntev, tsis muaj qhov tsis pom los yog saj.
Tej kev mob loj hlob
Rau cog Malachite yuav tsum xaiv ib qho zes qhov chaw, zoo li coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov sib thooj ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo, uas crown tau npog lub hnub gooseberry. Variety yog resistant mus rau huab cua hloov thiab cua, tab sis tseem nws yog ntshaw vaj tse los ntawm drafts. 
Undesirable qhov chaw ntawm av thiab cog nyob rau hauv lub lowlands yog undesirable; qhov no yuav ua rau me ntsis fungal kab mob. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm av yuav tsum tsis pub ze tshaj li ib thiab ib nrab ntawm qhov teeb meem, qhov chaw yog zoo dua qis los yog me ntsis nce.
Gooseberry hlub ib tug huv, zoo-groomed av tsis muaj lub remnants ntawm weeds, nrog ib me ntsis acid los yog nruab nrab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov av yuav tsum zoo zoo nkauj; preference yog muab dub av los yog loam.
Koj puas paub? Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm Tsar Ivan III, nyob rau hauv lub tsev nyiaj ntawm Moscow River muaj vaj nyob rau hauv uas gooseberries raug zus. Thiab lub qub Lavxias teb sab berry twb hu ua "bersen", li no lub npe Bersenevskaya embankment.
Lub sij hawm thiab tsaws tswv yim
Gooseberries yog cog nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab caij nplooj zeeg, tab sis qhov tom kawg yog preferable: lub tua cog nyob rau hauv lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj yuav muaj sij hawm mus rau hauv paus thiab loj hlob muaj zog ua ntej qhov pib ntawm huab cua txias. Cog rau hauv cov khoom seem ntawm cov qoob loo thiab lwm yam nroj nyob hauv av. Qhov deb ntawm bushes, muab lawv kis, tsis yog tsawg tshaj li ib lub 'meter'.
Lub qhov yog khawb txog 40 cm tob, tib yam nyob rau hauv dav. Gooseberry hlub chiv, yog li ua ntej txhua cog peb yuav tsum muab tso rau ib qho khoom noj sib tov ntawm rotted manure thiab ntoo tshauv (10 kg chiv / 100 g tshauv) nyob rau hauv txhua qhov. Yog hais tias qhov zoo ntawm cov av yog tsawg, koj muaj peev xwm ntxiv 50 grams superphosphate. 
Lub seedling yog qis rau hauv lub qhov ntawm ib lub me me, them nrog av, maj mam tamped cia, ces nchuav nrog dej (txog ib thoob rau ib tug Bush).
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev saib xyuas raws caij nyoog
Kev tu rau shrubs - tus yuam sij rau ib tug zoo sau. Kev tu ncua ntawm cov av thiab cov pob txha yuav txuag tau qhov gooseberry los ntawm kab thiab kab mob, thiab weeding yuav tsis cia parasites rau cov nroj tsuag muab kev pab cuam, depriving cov kab lis kev cai.
Kev tu xyuas av
Watering yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog xav tau nyob rau hauv cov huab cua kub, nws yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug Bush. Watering yuav tsum raws li cov av dries, yog li ntawd raws li tsis mus overwet cov av. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los soj ntsuam dej nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm tsim ntawm ovaries, cov tub ntxhais hluas ceg, thaum lub sij hawm tshwm sim thiab ripening ntawm berries.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nrog ib tug tsis muaj dej, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm gooseberry tau sau cov kua qaub thiab tsis tau txais nyob rau hauv qhov ceeb thawj.
Cov av nyob hauv tsob ntoo log yuav tsum tau loosened thiaj li oxygenate lub hauv paus system ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tab sis qhov no yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo zoo thiaj li tsis los ua kev puas tsuaj txheej txheem ntawm lub keeb kwm.
Weeding yog tsim nyog rau cov nroj tsuag: weeds deprive lub gooseberry nrog noo noo thiab muab kev pab cuam. Tsis tas li ntawd, weeds loj hlob, tsim thim, thiab qhov no yog qhov yuav kis mob kab mob.
Yuav kom tsis txhob txhawj txog qhov tsim nyog txaus ntawm ya raws lossis tsim tawm ntawm ib lub voj voog nyob ib ncig ntawm lub pob tw, cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm lub pob zeb yog them nrog mulch, nyob rau hauv uas noo noo yog zoo kawg nkaus khaws cai thiab kev loj hlob ntawm weeds yog khi.
Pub Noj
Qhov ntau thiab zoo ntawm cov qoob loo yog cuam tshuam los ntawm cov khoom noj muab rau cov qoob loo thaum loj hlob thiab kev tuaj yeem. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav gooseberry xav tau nitrogen, uas pab tsim li nws cov ntsuab loj (urea 45 g, ammonium nitrate 60 g nyob rau hauv ib tug Bush). 
Thaum lub buds pib rau, lawv siv thib ob pub mis nrog phosphorus, nws yog txaus kom ntxiv 60 g ntawm superphosphate nyob rau hauv Bush.
Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, tom qab harvesting, potash-phosphate chiv yog thov, uas yuav ntxiv dag zog rau hauv paus system thiab ntoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag rau lub caij ntuj no. Ob dia ntawm superphosphate thiab potassium chloride yog nkag tau rau hauv cov nroj tsuag.
Cropping thiab crown tsim
Thawj pruning tus txheej txheem yog nqa tawm sai sai tom qab cog: shorten tus tua, tawm txog rau ntawm buds. Tom ntej hias cov kab txiav yog ua tiav ua ntej lub txav ntawm cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab qhov o ntawm ob lub raum.
Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg Autumn, laus thiab puas ceg raug muab tshem tawm, tua loj hlob hauv lub crown, thiab tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm lwm ceg. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob thickening Bush, thiaj li tsis mus provoke kab mob thiab ntxeem tau ntawm kab pests. Tsob ntoo caij nplooj ntoos zeeg pruning raws li lub Bush hlob muaj tshem lub saum ntawm tua, on uas berries yog crushed, tshem 5-xyoo ceg. 
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Tom qab cov pob txha, tag nrho cov kev txiav yuav tsum tau kho nrog vaj twawb kom tiv thaiv tau tus kab mob.
Npaj rau lub caij ntuj no
Ntxiv nrog rau qhov Autumn pruning, lub caij ntuj no npaj txheej txheem muaj xws li ntxuav ntawm tsob ntoo vaj tse los ntawm nplooj poob, ceg thiab lwm yam pav av thiab khij nyhiab. Tsuas yog cov feem ntau cov chiv (ntawm tsib) yog sab laug rau lub caij ntuj no, tus so yog txiav mus rau cov av saum npoo.
Pristvolny lub voj voog mulch peat, sawdust, humus. Tom qab lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, ib txheej daus yog raug thawb hauv txhua lub hav zoov. Yog hais tias muaj me ntsis los nag, npog nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb (agrospan).
Gooseberry Siv
Lub qab zib thiab qaub saj ntawm berries txiav txim siab ib tug ntau ntawm lawv siv nyob rau hauv ua noj ua haus. Berries yog noj tshiab, npaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo-zaub zaub nyoos. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no gooseberries yob compote, jam, jam, jam, berries thiab khov.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog siv raws li ib tug txhaws rau pies, boiled syrups thiab toppings, siav marshmallow, marmalade, jelly, refreshing txiv hmab txiv ntoo haus, berries yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog desserts. Ib qho pauj kua zaub ntsuab ntawm cov nqaij lauj kaub tais diav, ntses, nqaij qaib thiab garnish muab gooseberry sauces. Berry yog nrov nyob rau hauv kev npaj ntawm domestic dej cawv haus: liqueur, wine, liqueur. 
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm ntau yam
Qhov zoo ntawm ntau yam:
- siab yield;
- khaws cia cov txiv ntoo thaum caij tsheb thauj;
- qhov ntev ntawm fruiting;
- loj xaiv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- qab ntxiag thiab dej qab zib;
- qhov loj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- tsis muaj shedding berries thaum ripe;
- powdery mildew tsis kam;
- high tsis kam mus tsawg kub.
Koj puas paub? Ntsuab gooseberry, vim nws high pectin cov ntsiab lus, yog pom zoo rau cov neeg muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv tsim kev tsim. Cov khoom siv khi thiab nqus cov kab mob, cov ntses hnyav hlau, tshav tawg.
Tsis zoo:
- txo kev tiv thaiv rau anthracnose thiab xeb;
- ib txwm mus weave tua.
Nyob rau hauv dav dav, kev txheeb xyuas ntawm gardeners Malachite qib zoo. Cov kab lis kev cai yuav zus nyob rau hauv txias winters, nrog tu, Bush Bush txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau ib ntev lub sij hawm, lub berries muaj ib tug zoo nkauj kev nthuav qhia thiab ib tug zoo loj. Gooseberry, dhau li ntawd, yog ib qho tseem ceeb kab lis kev cai, muaj ntau hlau nyob hauv nws, ascorbic acid, nws yog low-calorie, uas ua rau nws ua tau rau berries rau consumed los ntawm cov neeg uas muaj ntau tshaj qhov ceeb thawj.
