Koj yeej ib txwm xav kom tau ib tug zoo sau ntawm raspberries los ntawm koj lub cuab ntxhiab. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los xaiv ib tug zoo ntau yam thiab xyuas kom zoo kev kho mob ntawm bushes.
Ntau Krasa Russia, raws li gardeners, tau pov thawj nws tus kheej. Qhov no hom raspberry thiab nws cog yuav tsum tau sib tham nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm.
Kev yug me nyuam yav dhau los
Ntau yam no tau tawm los ntawm Professor V. Kichin xyoo 1990. Nyob rau hauv Moscow, Maroseika thiab Mirage ntau yam tau hla, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov uas loj thiab cov tawm los yog siab.
Koj puas paub? Tus thawj coj nyob rau hauv loj hlob raspberries nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb kev ua lag luam yog Russia.Ib tus zuj zus, cov ntau yam tsis tau mus txog qhov siab tau. Tab sis lawv hybrid Kev zoo nkauj ntawm Russia tau txais lub siab tshaj plaws rating.
Kev piav qhia thiab txawv txav ntawm ntau yam
Xav txog kev piav qhia ntawm ntau yam raspberry Krasa Russia.
Bushes
Bushes yog sredneroslymi, loj hlob los ntawm 1.5 mus rau 2 m. Lawv yog cov compact. Lub caij ntuj no txog 10 tshiab tua thiab tsis pub tsawg tshaj 5 hauv paus zag tshwm rau lawv. Cov hlua khov muaj zog, muaj lub teeb thiab ib qho me me quav.
Yeej tsis muaj kev sib tw rau lawv. Nyob rau cov ceg uas dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo, muaj ntau lub antennae. Hauv nruab nrab, hais txog 20 berries ripen rau txhua ceg. Cov nplooj yog loj, muaj ib tsos xim ntsuab xim ntsuab thiab me ntsis ci. 
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Tus duab ntawm berries yog zoo li ib tug elongated lub khob hliav qab. Lawv muaj xim liab los yog xim liab qab. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov loj, lawv cov nyhav tuaj yeem los ntawm 4 mus rau 12 g, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm ib tug txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav sib npaug zos rau ib lub voj voos.
Muaj me ntsis noob nyob hauv lawv. Raspberries yog Sweet, muaj ntom thiab muaj kua nqaij. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj ib tug txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Xyuas seb xws li raspberry ntau yam li Novost Kuzmina, Meteor, Vera, Patricia, Giant daj, Lyachka, Atlant, Caramelka, Cumberland, Bryansk Divo, "Pob zeb diamond".
Tawm
Raspberry bears txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv ob xyoo tom qab cog. Yog hais tias koj saib xyuas zoo ntawm bushes thiab tsis nco qab txog pub, ces koj muaj peev xwm sau txog 5 kg ntawm berries los ntawm ib tug nroj tsuag. Cov tub ntxhais hluas seedlings dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsawg. 
Yuav ua li cas mus nrhiav rau thaum yuav seedlings
Seedlings yuav tsum tau yuav nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb pov thawj me nyuam.
Cov khoom cog zoo:
- stems yuav tsum ntawm medium thickness;
- seedling yuav tsum muaj 2-3 paub tab tua;
- cov hauv paus hniav yuav tsum zoo tsim thiab muaj ntau txoj hau me me;
- cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum muaj qhov siab txog 20 cm.
- muaj yuav tsum tsis muaj cov cim ntawm cov kab mob fungal rau ntawm stems;
- tawm on ib tug seedling tej zaum yuav tsis yuav, vim nyob rau hauv lub chaw zov me nyuam lawv raug muab tshem tawm kom txo evaporation ntawm dej;
- qhov kev txiav yuav tsum yog huv thiab txawm tias tsis dub thiab dub.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Thaum thauj seedlings tom qab yuav khoom, koj yuav tsum qhwv lub keeb kwm nyob rau hauv ib daim ntaub damp. Yog hais tias lub tsaws yuav nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ob peb lub hlis, tom qab ntawd cog cov khoom yuav tsum tau khoov mus rau ib tug tob ntawm 40 cm.
Xaiv qhov chaw zoo
Yog xav tau ib tug zoo sau, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog tsis tsuas yog xaiv los xaiv high-zoo seedlings, tab sis kuj yuav xaiv qhov chaw rau raspberries.
Teeb pom kev zoo
Raspberries xav tau ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm lub hnub, yog li lub cheeb tsam yuav tsum zoo zes thiab tsis muaj drafts.
Av
Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los mus cog raspberries nyob rau hauv nruab nrab loam, qhov twg cov av tsis yog greasy - ces lub bushes yuav tsis loj hlob ntau ntawm vegetative tua. Nws tseem yog yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau cov dej hauv av - lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob khiav ze tshaj li 1.5 m mus rau saum npoo ntawm lub ntiaj teb.
Npaj ua haujlwm
Qhov no kab lis kev cai prefers ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm humus nyob rau hauv cov av. Yog hais tias cov av yog av nplaum, scatter txog 2 thoob ntawm humus thiab xuab zeb rau 1 square meter nyob rau saum npoo thiab khawb hauv av on lub cheeb tsam ntawm ib tug shovel.
Qhov no yog ua tiav 6 lub hlis ua ntej yuav tsaws. Nws tseem yog ib qho tsim nyog los tshem tawm cov keeb kwm ntawm weeds. Yog hais tias woodlice, plantain, nees sorrel loj hlob ntawm no qhov chaw, ces cov av acidity yog tej zaum nce. 
Raspberry yuav tsis nyiam nws. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv kev khawb nws yog pom zoo kom ntxiv 500 g ntawm txiv qaub, ntoo tshauv thiab dolomite hmoov rau ib 1 square meter. Txog ib lub hlis ua ntej cog koj yuav tsum khawb qhov ntxig los yog kev ntxhib ntxoo rau kev cog ntoo.
Stepwise tsaws txheej txheem
Nroj tsuag raspberries yuav ua tau ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab Autumn. Rau ib tug trench los yog Bush cog, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum adhere mus rau deb nruab nrab ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawm 0.5-0.7 m, thiab nruab nrab ntawm kab yuav tsum sab laug txog 1.5 m.
Trenches yuav tau khawb ntawm cov ntev, nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg tus seedlings. Yog hais tias lub bushes yuav cog nyob rau hauv lub qhov, ces koj yuav tsum khawb qhov 30 x 30 cm, 40 cm tob.
Nyob rau hauv txhua Bush yuav tsum ntxiv humus (1 thoob), superphosphate (100 g) thiab poov tshuaj sulfate (75 g). Fertilizers sib tov nrog hauv av thiab sau cov pits mus rau ib nrab, dej thiab condense.
Tshem puas cov keeb kwm puas los ntawm seedlings. Lawv tau muab tso rau hauv qhov dej los yog hauv ib lub tshuab ua kom lub hauv paus caj dab tsis tob thiab tsis siab dhau saum av. Tom qab ntawd, lub npoo npoo bury thiab tamp hauv av thiaj li hais tias tsis muaj cua voids. Cov nroj tsuag ntev yog txiav mus rau 0.3 m. Tom qab ntawd, raspberries yuav tsum tau watered siv txog 5 liv dej rau txhua Bush. Tom ntej, hauv av yog mulched nrog peat los yog humus txheej ntawm tsawg kawg 5 cm.
Kev saib xyuas zoo - tus yawm sij mus rau qhov zoo
Ib tug zoo sau ntawm raspberries yuav tsum tsuas yog nrog zoo saib xyuas rau bushes.
Tshuaj thiab mulching
Dej cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum muaj ntau, thiaj li hais tias to top txheej ntawm lub ntiaj teb nyob rau hauv 30 cm yog zoo moistened. Cov tub ntxhais hluas hluas tuaj yeem ywg dej ntau dua. Los ntawm xaus ntawm May mus txog thaum pib ntawm ripening, tus nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau moistened 1-2 zaug ib lub lim tiam.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nws yog pom zoo rau dej nyob rau hauv hauv paus kom cov dej tsis poob rau ntawm nplooj, lwm yam bushes tau mob thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo rot.
Nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub kaum hli ntuj, tshaj dej recharge dej yog pom zoo - 5-6 thoob dej siv rau ib 1 square meter. 
Yog li ntawd tias noo noo evaporates tsawg thiab lub ntiaj teb crusts tsis ua, cov av ib ncig ntawm lub bushes yuav tsum tau mulched nrog peat los yog rotted nyom.
Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws
Thawj 2-3 xyoo tom qab cog, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau fertilize lub zoo nkauj ntawm Russia, raws li cov keeb kwm yog nquag tsim. Raspberries xav tau nitrogen, yog li tom qab lub snow melts nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ntxiv urea (txog 8 dia rau ib 1 square meter).
Nyob rau hauv lub Autumn nws yuav pab tau nqa 1-2 thoob ntawm non-kua manure rau txhua Bush. Tsis tas li ntawd, raspberries nyob rau hauv thawj 3 xyoos ntawm lub neej yuav tsum tau potash chiv - 1-2 dia yog siv rau ib 1 square meter. l poov tshuaj sulfate.
Nrog 4 xyoos ntawm lub neej txwv rau humus, ua nws nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg nyob rau hauv lub bushes ib txheej ntawm 5-10 cm
Txhua 4 xyoo nws yog tsim nyog los noj raspberries nrog ua chiv, uas muaj microelements. Ua nws tom qab harvesting. Kev pub noj yuav tsum muab sib xyaw nrog dej.
Kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv
Rau cov kab mob ntawm raspberries yuav tsum tau tsuag Bordeaux kua los yog Nitrafenom. Nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau kho thiab cov av qab lawv. Txoj kev ua no yog ua tiav thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
Tom qab harvesting, koj yuav tsum tau muab tshuaj tsuag cov kab xau nrog tib cov tshuaj los rhuav tshem cov kab mob uas tshwm sim thaum lub caij ntuj sov.
From kab tsuag yuav tsum siv Actellic los yog Karbophos. Qhov no yog ua nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ua ntej Bud so. Tsis tas li tom qab harvesting yog nqa tawm kev tiv thaiv nrog kev siv ntawm tib cov tshuaj.
Prop
Suav ntau yam yog loj-fruited, vim hais tias ntawm cov ceg tau sag los ntawm kev loj ntawm lub berries. Yog li ntawd, nruab kev them nyiaj yug nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm trellis. Nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug hlua los yog xaim, qhov bushes tied rau lawv nyob rau ntawm ib qhov siab ntawm 0.7 thiab 1.5 m.
Koj puas paub? Nyob rau hauv 1893, hauv Geneva, thawj thawj zaug, artificially hla dub thiab liab raspberries thiab tau txais cov paj ntau yam.
Pruning
Yuav kom paub meej tias cov kab lis kev cai ntawm kev noj qab haus huv thiab tau txais ib tug zoo sau, raspberries yuav tsum tau txiav. 5-7 tua yuav tsum tau sab laug, thiab tus so tau muab tshem tawm. Ua ib qho cuab yeej ntse.
Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg Autumn, pruned puas, diseased thiab tawg ceg, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav - tua uas raug puas los ntawm snow thiab txias.
Lub caij ntuj no
Frost tsis kam ntawm no ntau yam yog nruab nrab - Lavxias teb sab kev zoo nkauj muaj peev xwm tiv tau kub li tsawg li -30 ° C. Yog hais tias snow feem ntau ntog nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, lub bushes xav zoo.
Kawm yuav ua li cas npaj raspberries rau lub caij ntuj no.Thiab yog hais tias muaj me ntsis snow, ces cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau vaj tse. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis Ntuj, koj yuav tsum khoov cov ceg ntoo rau hauv av thiab npog lawv cov saum nrog lub ntiaj teb. Lawv tuaj yeem raug khi rau kom lawv tsis ncaj.
Tom ntej, lub bushes yog them nrog cov hnab, spruce ceg los yog laug cam. Npog raspberries thaum sov hnub dhau thiab ua ntej frosts tuaj. Yog hais tias qhov no yog ua tiav lawm, ces tus tua tau yaj. 
Thiab yog tias koj tsis muaj lub sij hawm txias, ces cov ceg ua nkig thiab puas ntsoog. Nrog rau qhov zoo thiab kom tu ntawm raspberry bushes, ntau yam Krasa Russia yuav ua tsaug rau nws rau nws high tawm los thiab loj txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
