Birches yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Lavxias teb sab kev coj noj coj ua, nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev uas lawv tuaj yeem hu ua ib qho ntawm nws cov cim. Paub txog qhov no, txhua tus neeg nyob hauv lub caij ntuj sov yuav zoo siab los kho nws lub dag zog nrog kev pab ntawm tsob ntoo no, koom nrog Lavxias teb sab xim. Txawm li cas los xij, birch yog tsob ntoo uas muaj tus kabmob hais ua lus polymorphism, hauv cov lus yooj yooj yim, nrog ntau hom ntau hom thiab hom. Qhov tsab xov xwm no yog xav los qhia rau koj kom paub txog cov paj ntoo zoo tshaj plaws rau qhov kev tsim kho kom zoo nkauj no.
Warty (dai)
Wart birch yog qhov feem ntau ntawm txhua hom ntawm tsob ntoo no. Nws yog peev xwm loj hlob mus rau qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm 25-30 meters thiab muaj ib lub pob tw circumference ntawm 85 cm. 
Lub chaw loj hlob ntawm birch yog qhov dav thiab muaj tag nrho cov av ntawm Europe, North Africa thiab Asia. Qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm lawv tuaj yeem raug pom nyob ntawm thaj chaw tsuas yog siv los ntawm Kazakhstan txhais tes, thiab nyob rau lwm qhov - los ntawm Ural Toj siab.
Qhov no muaj ntau hom kab tsis tau zoo, yooj yim copes nrog kev nyab xeeb qhuav, tab sis qhia tau tias yuav tsum muaj zog rau hnub ci.
Koj puas paub? Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ntau tshaj ib lub thoob ntawm birch SAP yuav muab tau los ntawm ib nrab-ib tug me nyuam qaib ib hnub.
Cov tub ntxhais hluas cov ntoo ntawm no hom muaj xim liab tawv nqaij, uas, thaum lawv ncav lub hnub nyoog kaum, hloov mus rau ib txwm dawb. Qhov qis tshaj ntawm cov ntoo hlob tuaj yeem ua rau dub thiab yog them nrog lub network sib sib zog nqus tawg. 
Txhua ceg ntawm birch yog them nrog ntau tus kab mob resinous, uas zoo sib xws hauv cov tsos mob rau cov pob txha, thiab lub npe ntawm tsob ntoo no tau los ntawm no. Thiab nws pom lub npe "dai" vim yog cov khoom ntiag tug ntawm cov ntoo ntawm cov ntoo rau kom khwb.
Ntawv
Tsob ntoo zoo li pob zeb ntoo ceg.
Koj tuaj yeem kho koj zaj lus nrog kev pab ntawm cov ntoo xws li hornbeam, Japanese maple, pyramidal poplar, Pine, elm, red maple, tshauv, pleev.Qhov tsob ntoo no, nws qhov siab li ntawm 20 m (qee zaum txog 35 m) thiab lub cev, nws kab uas tawm mus txog rau 1 m Qhov chaw tsis zoo rau Asmeskas qaum teb.
Sufficiently loj tsob ntoo cog ntoo tuaj yeem muaj nyob hauv Western Europe. Nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm Russia nws yog pom tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ntau cov chaw ua si, botanical teb thiab hav zoov noj. Lub npe tau txais nws vim yog qhov tseeb tias cov neeg Yudais thaum ub siv nws lub cev los ua ib daim ntawv sau tseg. 
Lub crown yog irregularly cylindrical nyob rau hauv cov duab, cov ceg yog cov tsis nyias thiab ntev.
Nyob rau hauv cov qauv uas nws hnub nyoog tsis tau hla lub tsib xyoo ciam teb, daim tawv nqaij yog xim av nrog lentils dawb. Cov neeg laus muaj cov kab dawb dawb, qee zaus nrog cov pinkish tinge, nrog cov xim ntev ntev lossis xim daj daj, thiab ntub dej los ntawm cov paib kab rov tav.
Cov ceg ntoo txua rau lawv tus kheej thiab tsis tshua pom cov pob tw ntawm lub teeb xim daj lossis ntsuab hawj. Sij hawm dhau mus, cov ceg ua tsaus xim, ci xim thiab poob pubescence.
Cherry
Qhov no ntawm cov nroj tsuag tau txais nws lub npe vim yog xim ntawm nws daim tawv, uas muaj xim av dub, yuav luag Cherry ntxoov ntxoo. Qhov no tsob ntoo tuaj yeem loj hlob mus txog 20-25 m nyob rau hauv qhov siab thiab muaj ib lub pob tw nkag mus txog 60 cm. 
Lub vaj tsev ib ncig tsuas yog siv rau North America thiab Eastern European lub teb chaws: Baltics, lub hauv paus ntawm Russia, thiab Belarus.
Koj puas paub? Cov ntoo no muaj peev xwm zoo heev los ntxuav cov huab cua los ntawm ntau yam ntxhiab tsw thiab impurities. Tias yog vim li cas lawv thiaj li siv los tsim kev thaiv kab hauv kev loj.
Lub bark muaj coob tus irregularities thiab rassechin es loj npaum li cas. Nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas cov ntoo, cov bark muaj ib tug pleas ntxiag aroma thiab ib tug tart, ntsim saj. Cov tub ntxhais hluas tua me ntsis pubescent, tab sis nrog lub hnub nyoog lawv ua liab qab thiab tau ib tug xim av-liab zas.
Nws yog noteworthy tias lub buds ntawm no tsiaj ntawm cov ntoo, thiab raws li bark, dais ib xim liab-xim av.
Daurskaya (dub)
Dahurian birch tau exceptional xav tau nyob rau hauv cov av, yog li ntawd muaj qhov no tsob ntoo rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv yog ib qho qhia tau ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb zoo ntawm cov av. Prefers rau nws kev loj hlob loamy av thiab Sandy loam. 
Qhov siab ntawm cov nroj tsuag no txawv ntawm 6 mus rau 18 m, thiab lub pob tw hauv lub pob zeb tuaj yeem ncav cuag li 60 cm Cov kab kev los ntawm kev loj hlob yog qhov dav dav thiab suav nrog Siberia, Mongolia, sab hnub poob ntawm Russia, qee thaj tsam ntawm Tuam Tshoj, Nyiv thiab Kauslim Teb.
Lub cev ntawm tsob ntoo yog ncaj, cov qauv hnyav zuj zus nyob rau yav qab teb ntawm lub ntiaj teb muaj cov ceg uas sawv ntawm ib qho mob loj. Cov ntoo uas loj tuaj nyob rau sab qaum teb latitudes muaj ntau tshaj tawm txoj yas.
Dyuk, juniper, ib co txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab pears, Persian lilac kuj zoo cog hauv qaum teb latitudes.Cov tawv ntoo ntawm cov laus muaj xim daj muaj xim dub los yog xim dub, uas muaj ntau cov kab nrib pleb ntev, cov ntawv fawm thiab cov thawv kov. Cov menyuam yaus muaj cov ceg ntoo, xim liab, lossis xim daj. Cov ceg muaj nplua mias nrog cov lentils dawb.
Yellow (American)
Muaj ib tsob ntoo me me muaj qee qhov peculiarities, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov uas yog ob hom ntawm tsob ntoo no yog hu ua ib zaug, ib tus uas pom hauv Asia, thiab lwm qhov mas nyob hauv North America. Tshooj lus no muaj feem nrog ob. 
Cog qhov siab yog li ntawm 18-24 m, lub pob tw nkag tau mus txog rau 1 m. Nyob rau hauv cov qus, nws pom nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm North America, nyob rau hauv qhov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv nws cov cheeb tsam yav qab teb.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Hom kab npua no, tsis zoo li lwm cov neeg, blooms thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, uas yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws los pab kom koj lub vev xaib rau lwm cov ntoo.
Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov siab ntawm kev ntxoov ntxoo siab siab; nws nyiam cov ntug dej thiab dej nraum rau nws txoj kev loj hlob. Nws muaj ib txoj hlua kub los yog xim daj-xim, uas tau txais nws tus kheej zoo heev, thiab densely them nrog longitudinal cracks ntawm cov xim dawb.
Hauv paus yog heev superficial, lug branched. Cov tub ntxhais hluas tua yog xim nyob rau hauv cov xim, thaum ncav lub hnub nyoog ntawm ib xyoos lawv tsim daim iav dawb ntawm lawv qhov chaw.
Me-leaved
Qhov no tsob ntoo muaj ib qho me me nplooj me me, tsuas yog 1.5-3 cm ntev, rhombic-ovoid los yog obovate. Tsis tas li, nws yog me me loj me me piv rau lwm tus neeg hauv nws tsev neeg, tsuas yog 4-5 m. 
Lub cev ntawm thaj chaw tsis tshua muaj ntau tshaj li 35-40 cm Lub thaj tsam ntawm hom tsiaj tsuas yog siv rau Western Siberia thiab sab qaum teb ntawm Mongolia.
Cov tawv ntoo yog daj-grey xim, qee zaum nrog ib tus pinkish sheen, speckled nrog ntau tus longitudinal kab txaij ntawm cov xim dub los yog xim av. Cov ceg ntoo txaij ntau heev ua rau cov tawv nqaij tawv zoo li loj hlob thiab hnyav pubescent, hnav xim av-xim daj.
Fluffy
Downy birch twb yav tas los kuj hu ua dawb, tab sis txij li thaum lub npe no feem ntau thov rau dai birch, nws yog tam sim no npaj tawm kom deb ntawm lub npe no kom tsis txhob tsis meej pem. Qhov siab yog hais txog 30 m, thiab lub cheeb ntawm lub pob tw ncav cuag 80 cm.
Tsob ntoo no muaj nyob thoob sab hnub poob ntawm Russia, Sab Hnub Tuaj thiab Western Siberia, Caucasus Toj siab thiab yuav luag tag nrho thaj chaw ntawm cov teb chaws Europe. 
Lub bark ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov nroj tsuag muaj xim xim av xim av, uas hloov mus dawb tom qab yim xyoo. Feem ntau cov tub ntxhais hluas tsis meej pem nrog ntau hom kev qhia.
Hauv cov laus cov ntoo, cov tawv ntoo muaj lub plhaw dawb los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub cev, nws tsis muaj kab nrib pleb thiab tsis zoo, tshwj tsis yog cov me me nyob ze lub ntiaj teb. Cov tub ntxhais hluas tua tau yog densely them nrog downy, tus.
Cov ceg tsis yog nquag hu ua wilting. Crohn nyob rau ntawm ib tug hluas hnub nyoog es nqiam, tab sis nrog lub hnub nyoog ua sprawling.
Ribbed (Sab Hnub Tuaj)
Qhov no hom ntawm birch yog tej zaum tseem mistakenly hu ua daj. Tsob ntoo no muaj nyob hauv roob hav zoov, qhov uas nws muaj peev xwm ncav cuag li 60% ntawm tag nrho cov nroj tsuag. Nws muaj peev xwm ncav cuag qhov siab ntawm 30 m nrog ib tug girth ntawm lub pob tw, ncav txog li 1 m. 
Lub vaj tse rau nws yog Kauslim Hiav Txwv, Tuam Tshoj thiab Far East ntawm Russia.
Lub bark muaj ib lub teeb daj, daj-grey los yog xim daj-xim av, ci iab, tuaj yeem ua tau los sis me ntsis flaky. Nyob rau ntawm cov qauv hnyav heev koj tuaj yeem pom cov chaw ntawm cov neeg khov kho. Cov tub ntxhais hluas tua tau luv luv.
Ceg ntoo yog xim av, feem ntau liab qab, thiab qee zaus muaj cov kab qaub ncaug rau ntawm lawv qhov me me.
Woolly
Tsob ntoo muaj qhov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam sab hnub tuaj ntawm Russia - Yakutia, Khabarovsk, Irkutsk Region thiab Primorsky Krai. Qhov siab ntawm hom yog txawv ntawm 3 mus rau 15 m, thiab nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam subalpine koj yuav nrhiav tau no nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug shrub.
Koj yuav xav paub ntxiv txog cov nroj tsuag li stefanandra, santolina, euonymus, calmia, camellia, rhododendron, spirea, irga, qus velvet, zis, honeysuckle, Chubushnik, goofYog hais tias cov ntoo no cog densely, ces lawv ceg feem ntau nyob ncaj, thiab yog hais tias lawv loj hlob nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam qhib, lawv tsim ib tug tuab kis crown.
Cov ceg ntoo yog cov qog nrog cov qog thiab pubescent nrog cov plaub hau ntawm ob hom: thawj yog luv luv, velvety rau qhov kov, tuab thiab muaj xim liab, thiab qhov thib ob yog theej loj, tsis tshua muaj nyob, dawb.Schmidt (hlau)
Qhov no hom ntawm birch yog muaj npe tom qab Lavxias teb sab botanist Fyodor Schmidt, uas thawj nrhiav tau cov ntoo no. Iron birch muaj cov yam ntxwv nta, ib qho ntawm uas yog tias qhov no yog cog ntev, muaj peev xwm muaj sia nyob txog hnub nyoog ntawm 300-350 xyoo.
Qhov siab ntawm cov ntoo ncav txog 35 m nrog lub pob tw diam 80 cm Nyob rau hauv cov qus, lawv muaj peev xwm raug pom nyob rau hauv Nyiv, Tuam Tshoj thiab nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm Primorsky Krai Russia.
Cov tawv ntoo ntawm lub tsob ntoo muaj qhov nyiam ua kua nplaum thiab xim yob, xim daj - xim daj lossis grayish-cream. Cov tub ntxhais hluas cov xim ntsuab yog xim. 
Lub bark ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas ceg yog xim tsaus cherry xim, uas nws thiaj li hloov mus ua ntshav-xim av. Qee lub sij hawm cov ceg ntoo muaj ib qho me me ntawm cov qog resin.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Hom hawb no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau nws cov kabmob paj hlwb, vim li no nws pom zoo rau cog ze ntawm apiaries.Peb cia siab tias tom qab uas tau paub cov npe ntawm cov hom nrov tshaj plaws hauv cov noog ntoo, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tsis meej txog qhov twg ntawm cov hom yuav zoo tshaj plaws los kho koj qhov chaw. Hmoov zoo rau koj thiab koj lub vaj!
