Txhua tus vaj zaub loj uas hlob txiv lws suav rau hauv ib lub tsev cog khoom muaj cov kab mob. Tab sis, hmoov tsis, tsis muaj ntau paub yuav ua li cas thiaj li kuaj pom mob thiab qhov txhab, thiab tom qab ntawd nqa cov kev kho mob zoo. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav pom cov teeb meem feem ntau, thiab kev daws teeb meem.
Cracking txiv lws suav
Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, lub tsos ntawm tawg nyob rau lws suav peel tsis yog ib qho ntawm cov kab mob ntawm ib tug kab mob, tab sis qhov tshwm sim ntawm tsis loj hlob ib tug zaub. Txawm li cas los, ntuav txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog ib hom kab mob ntawm cov txiv lws suav rau hauv lub tsev cog khoom. Los ntawm cov kab mob kab mob no, kab mob thiab cov kab mob hu ua fungi mus rau hauv cov nroj tsuag. Ua rau tawg:
- overheating ntawm zaub,
- nquag dej ntau tshaj cov dej ntws tawm ntawm cov av;
- ntse zom ntawm qhuav av thaum dej nce ntxiv sab hauv cov zaub, thiab nws tawg lawm;
- excesses nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam Bushiness;
- kev noj zaub mov tsis muaj peev xwm, kev kos npe uas yog daj thiab tuag tawm ntawm nplooj ntoo;
- overdose ntawm chiv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nitrogenous.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Concentrates ntawm chiv yuav tsum ib txwm yuav diluted nrog dej raws li cov lus qhia nyob rau hauv lawv daim ntawv lo.
Los tiv thaiv xws li ib tug kab mob, txiv lws suav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas zus nyob rau hauv polycarbonate greenhouses, Saib xyuas cov txheej txheem hauv qab no:- Xaiv ntau yam unpretentious mus rau watering.
- Tiv thaiv cov nroj tsuag ntawm scorching lub hnub nrog ib lub scattering kab sib chaws, muab pov rau ntawm tsev cog khoom, los yog txiv qaub jelly, npog lawv nrog sab hauv sab ntawm lub khob.
- Soj ntsuam cov uniformity ntawm sim dej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum pib ntawm lub ripening ntawm zaub. Lawv cov kev ua neej nyob ntawm cov av noo noo, uas, ntawm lwm yam, yog pawg ntawm cov huab cua puag. Nyob rau hauv lub tshav kub, dej nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov thaum sawv ntxov los yog lig hmo ntuj, thiab nyob rau hauv lub txias nws yog zoo dua rau dej nyob rau hauv lub yav tav su.
- Ua kom zoo rau koj lub vaj tsev "sov vaj", tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau cov huab cua sov, tsim kom muaj cov cua ntsawj ntshis rau hnub uas ntsiag to, los yog qhib ib qho "leeward" khawm ntawm cua hnub.
Fungal kab mob
Nquag qhoos qhua nyob rau hauv greenhouses qhov twg txiv lws suav yog zus yog fungi, thiab sib ntaus tawm tsam cov kab mob uas lawv ua rau yuav tsum muaj kev mus kom ze.
Los tiv thaiv txiv lws suav los ntawm tus kab mob, cov nram qab no yog siv fungicides: Kvadris, Ridomil Kub, Thanos, Tiovit Dav hlau, Strobe, Fitolavin, Skor, Acrobat MC, Ordan, Previkur Zog "," Antrakol "," Fitosporin-M ", Fundazol".
Feem ntau spores ntawm fungi penetrate rau hauv lub qhov txhab los yog mus rau hauv lub ntuj qhib ntawm zaub, instantly tawm tsam lawv. Qhov no kuj txhawb rau ntau qhov cog ceev.
Lig blight
Lig blight yog feem ntau cov kab mob nroj tsuag. High humidity thiab kub extremes favour nws tshwm sim.
Kawm txog yuav ua li cas ib tug tsev xog paj tau ntawm polycarbonate los ntawm phytophthora.
Cov tsos mob ntawm lig blight:
- qhov tsos ntawm dub los yog xim av me ntsis nrog arachnoid Bloom, uas sai sai tag nrho cov nplooj ntoos, tom qab uas nws dries thiab tuag;
- qhov tsos ntawm me ntsis rau ntawm berries.
Koj puas paub? Botanists cais cov txiv lws suav li berries, thiab cooks ua yuam kev xav txog lawv li zaub.Kev tiv thaiv kab mob: ua tib zoo txuag dej hauv qab ntawm cov hauv paus hniav (nws yog tau los ntawm tus tsiaj hwj nrog txiav tawm hauv qab thiab sab qhib, khi nyob ze lub stems), txhua lub lis piam txau nrog cov ntses nyuj cov kua mis los yog cov fungicides.
Grey rot
Qhov txawv rau kev tsim kab mob - txias huab cua rainy, tsis muaj tsev xog paj qhov cua.
Cov tsos mob:
- qhov tsim ntawm grey me ntsis rau ntawm nplooj ntoo thiab paj;
- me ntsis yog pib qhuav, thiab ces lizlye, nyob rau hauv ib lub xuab moos ntawm lub sij hawm (feem ntau yog thaum hmo ntuj) siv rau tag nrho Bush nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug grey Bloom.
Cov ntshav muaj ntau lub qhov txhab. 
Kev tiv thaiv ntawm tus kab mob:
- tswj kev kub hauv lub "npog teb", nrog rau nws cov cua kom txo cov av ntawm huab cua thiab hauv av;
- nqa tawm cultivation ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv qhuav, calm huab cua thaum sawv ntxov, thiaj li hais tias lub qhov txhab yuav kho los ntawm lub hmo ntuj.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nco ntsoov tias grey rot spores tswj lawv cov viability rau ob (!) Caij.
Brown chaw
Cov tsos mob ntawm cladosporia (tseem hu ua xim av spotting) tshwm sim maj. Ua ntej, daj me ntsis tshwm rau sab sauv ntawm nplooj ntoo, uas, loj hlob, ua ke rau hauv ib qho chaw; qhov qis sab ntawm nplooj yog them nrog xim av velvet, spores ntawm fungus.
Cov txheej txheem xaus nrog lawv sib ntsug thiab ziab. Tus kab mob no tshwm sim thaum lub caij cov paj txiv lws suav (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias lawv loj hlob hauv lub tsev cog khoom) los yog tsim kom muaj qe menyuam thiab kis tawm hauv qab.
Tus kab mob thaum ntxov yog feem ntau txaus ntshai, txij li thaum nruab hnub thaum nruab hnub thiab siab ntub, uas yog li tsim nyog rau cov tub ntxhais hluas, pab txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm fungus. Cov berries lawv tus kheej yog tsis tshua muaj cuam tshuam, tab sis yog hais tias qhov no tshwm sim, lawv kuj ua xim av thiab mos, maj qhuav tawm.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Cov pob txha muaj xim pob txha: provocateurs: dampness, kub kub, nrog rau vim dej txias heev.Kev Kho Mob:
- ua ntej kev kho mob, tshem tawm cov kab mob cuam tshuam nplooj thiab tom qab ntawd ces nphoo (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau qis dua ntawm cov nplooj ntoo) nrog cov kua mis thiab iodine sov (15 tee ntawm iodine thiab ob tsom iav ntawm mis nyuj rau ib nrab ntawm cov dej);
- txau cov nroj tsuag thiab tshuaj ywg dej nrog iodine chloride tov (40 tee ntawm iodine thiab ob dia ntawm potassium chloride ib thoob dej);
- kev siv cov dav spectrum fungicides lossis tooj liab sulfate.
Sib ntaus kab mob:
- tsis tu ncua, lwm txau ntawm txiv lws suav rau hauv lub tsev cog qoob loo nrog kua qoob loo ntawm cov kua qaub liab thiab cov hmoov av tshauv (ob tsom iav ntawm tshauv ib thoob dej);
- Txau nrog ib tug qaug zog daws (1:10) ntawm whey.
Fusarium
Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov kab mob ntawm lws suav nplooj ntoos cultivated nyob rau hauv lub tsev cog khoom. Lub fungus uas ua rau muaj tus kab mob no tau qhib kom sov lub cev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog hais tias cov noob qos tsis muaj zog vim yog cov zaub mov tsis muaj nuj nqis ntawm cov av, thiab muaj kev hloov ntau zaus los nag thiab kub hnub thaum lub caij txias heev. Ntev li "Bush" tshaj, "hnyav" hnav khaub ncaws, hnyav av noo noo los yog, hloov dua siab tshiab, tsis muaj dej, ntev hmo, thiab cov tsev lag luam uas tsis muaj teeb pom kev zoo tuaj yeem nyiam kev luam ntawm lub fungus.
Cov tsos mob ntawm Fusarium Wilt:
- deformation ntawm primordial stems;
- yellowing, ziab, thiab tawg tu ncua ntawm qis theem ntawm nplooj ntoo;
- wilting tag nrho Bush.
Hmoov tsis, yog hais tias cov zaub raug cuam tshuam los ntawm Fusarium, nws yuav tsis tau mus kho nws, txij li thaum lub fungus tsim nyob rau hauv nws cov ntaub so ntswg sab hauv. Nws tshua tsuas yog mus pluck li ib tug Bush thiab hlawv.Fusarium Kev Tiv Thaiv:
- mop-up nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg;
- sib sib zog nqus plab thiab tshuaj tua kab ntawm av ua ntej sowing lossis cog;
- noob disinfection nrog fungicides;
- pasynkovanie huv twj;
- li niaj zaus hilling
Macroscopic
Macrosporia yog xim av los sis qhuav qhuav uas cuam tshuam cov nplooj thiab cov kab, thiab qee zaus cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nws kis tau tawm hauv qab taw txog: ntau cov xim ntawm cov xim av yuav tshwm rau ntawm nplooj ntoo, uas maj mam loj hlob thiab sib tshuam, tom qab uas cov nplooj tuaj yeem tawm. On qia, xws li me ntsis (oval) ua rau rotting thiab fading.
Nyob rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, feem ntau yog qia, muaj maub tsaus nti, nyob rau saum toj ntawm uas ib tug velvet velvet yog tsim - spores ntawm fungus. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws tej yam kev mob rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob: tshav kub (+ 25 ... + 30 ° C) thiab high humidity. Cov kaus mom mob siab rau cov seem ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab hauv cov ceilings ntawm chav tsev thiab kis nrog cov cua thiab cua daj cua dub.
Koj puas paub? Broth tau los ntawm qhov seem ntawm lws suav stems yog toxic rau kab, pests ntawm lwm cov qoob loo. Piv txwv li, yog hais tias qhov no ntuj insecticide sprays txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo cuam tshuam los ntawm aphids, lawv yuav sai sai zoo. Qhov no yog ib qho txiaj ntsim zoo thiab pheej yig rau lwm yam kev kis mus rau kev haus luam yeeb.
Tiv Thaiv: - disinfection ntawm noob ua ntej sowing;
- ua ntej qhov tsos ntawm ovaries, kev kho mob ntawm fab nrog tooj liab-muaj fungicides;
- qhov sib hloov ntawm cov qoob loo nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev xog paj, uas yuav tsum tsis txhob koom solanaceous thiab cabbage;
- tag rhuav pov cov nroj tsuag seem;
- fertilization nrog potash chiv.
Kev Kho Mob: ua ntej pib ntawm fruiting - kev kho mob nrog antifungal siv yeeb siv tshuaj, thiab nyob rau hauv tom qab lub sij hawm - nrog npaj kev lom neeg. Txau rov qab txhua ob lub lim tiam tsawg kawg peb zaug ib lub caij.
Alternaria
Qhov kab mob no tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv ntawm qhuav, tsaus xim av (los yog dub) concentric chaw ntawm nplooj thiab stems, cov ntaub so ntswg uas nyob hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov pob qij ua cov txiv ntseej "velvet", thiab thaum kawg tuag.
Lub fungus, wintering ntsiag to rau cog khib nyiab los yog on noob, penetrates rau hauv lub zes qe menyuam hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab tsim hauv lub fetus thoob plaws hauv lub caij, xa nws cov cag rau hauv prellum.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Tej yam kev mob uas ua rau Alternaria: sov huab cua thiab kev kho mob puas tsuaj thaum lub sij hawm kho, nrog rau lwm cov kab mob.
Combating Alternaria:- sib sib zog nqus khawb av ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg;
- noob disinfection ua ntej sowing;
- paub txog cov tsos mob thaum pib ntawm kev loj hlob thiab txau fungicides peb zaug ib hlis;
- qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm kab tua kab ntsaum phom (cicadas, ticks, aphids, etc.);
- thaum lub sij hawm harvesting qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub cuam tshuam cov qauv.
Vertex Laj
- Tus kab mob pathology no tsis yog kis kab mob. Qhov no yog kev mob plawv vim yog kev tu siab tsis zoo: cov dej tsis sib haum;
- thaum pib ntawm lub caij loj hlob, tsis muaj calcium deficiency (nyob rau hauv zaub, tab sis tsis nyob rau hauv cov av), tshwm sim los ntawm ib qho tshaj ntawm tshav kub hauv lub tsev cog khoom;
- overfeeding nroj tsuag nrog nitrogen.
Kev puas tsuaj cuam tshuam tsuas yog lub berries - lawv muaj dub dents rau hauv qab, uas nws thiaj li ua watery, nce nyob rau hauv loj thiab pib rot. Cov teeb meem tom kawg yog txaus ntshai vim tias tawg tuaj yeem tsim kev noj qab nyob zoo "cov neeg zej zog."
Hmoov tsis, zaub raug cuam tshuam los ntawm sab saum toj rot tsis kho - lawv tsuas yog yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm thiab pov tseg. Tab sis koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov kev ua txhaum no. 
Tiv Thaiv:
- thaum cog seedlings, ntxiv rau qhov dej sib tov ntawm dos tev thiab shredded shells, thiab tom qab - fertilizing nrog cov organic teeb meem uas muaj calcium (crushed eggshell, tshauv, thiab lwm yam) los yog chemistry (calcium nitrate);
- txau cov zes qe menyuam thiab unripe berries nrog 1% calcium nitrate tov;
- tsim kom muaj kev noj qab haus huv microclimate nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev cog qoob loo, muaj ntsis av noo noo, tsis muaj hws thiab kev nkag mus ntawm cov huab cua ntshiab.
Hauv paus rot
Fungi uas ua rau paus rot - kev puas tsuaj rau cov keeb kwm thiab hauv paus pauv, nkag mus rau cov nroj tsuag ntawm cov av thiab tsim sai nrog ntau watering. Hauv kev xyaum tsis paub txog kev ua liaj ua teb, tus kab mob no yuav tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob thiab kev vam meej thoob plaws tag nrho kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Nrog cov hauv paus tawg qhov nqaij ntuag, blackening (browning) thiab cov kev hloov hauv qhov kev ntxhib los mos ntawm cov hauv paus hniav thiab lawv cov dos ("whitish" velvet "coating), thiab lawv cov hniav lwj thiab fading, raug pom. Nyob rau hauv sprouts, ib tug flagellum tshwm nyob rau hauv seedbed nplooj, thiab nyob rau hauv laus seedlings, nyob rau hauv thawj yeej muaj tseeb nplooj, lub qia yooj yim kua muag tawm ntawm lub hauv av, txij thaum lub hauv paus tsis tsim lateral keeb kwm.
Yog hais tias lub keeb kwm twb tau muaj tus kab mob, ces Bush yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm nrog rau earthy clod - nws yog ib qhov tsis yooj yim sua kom kho tau tus kab mob no. 
Hauv paus Ceeb Toom Ceeb Toom:
- av lim;
- disinfection ntawm seedling sib tov;
- noob hnav ua ntej sowing;
- ua raws li tsoomfwv txoj cai (tsuas yog lub tebchaws qhuav xwb);
- fungicide dej nyab;
- av kua thiab aeration.
Viral
Ntawm cov kab mob kis tau uas cuam tshuam cov txiv lws suav zus hauv lub tsev cog khoom, nws yuav tsum tau muab cov ntsiab lus mos lwj thiab cib nyom.
Mosaic
Thaum ib tus kabmob phem mos mos kis kab mob, cov nplooj ntawm cov zaub yog "pleev xim rau" rau hauv lub mosaic ntawm cov pob ntsuab ntawm cov xim sib txawv. Qee zaus, daj me ntsis tshwm saum cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Kev loj hlob ntawm lub Bush slows down, foliage tiav niam txiv thiab curls. Ripening ntawm zaub yog tau, tab sis lawv yog cov tasteless.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Lub ntsiab lus "dej siab" rau kev haus luam yeeb mosaic: sowing of infected seeds; nyob hauv ib lub tsev cog qoob loo ntawm tsikadok, ticks, aphids thiab lwm yam kab, muaj cov kab mob; mechanical kev puas tsuaj rau lub keeb kwm thiab stems vim careless kev kho mob ntawm cov nroj tsuag.Hmoov tsis, tshuaj antiviral rau cov txiv lws suav tseem tsis tau raug tsim, vim li ntawd nws tseem tshuav tsuas yog tua cov nroj tsuag ntawm lub txaj nrog lub hauv paus thiab hlawv nws xwb. Thiab kom tsis txhob muaj teebmeem no, koj yuav tsum ceeb toom nws.
Ntsuas rau tshwj kom txhob lws suav viral kab mob thaum lub sij hawm lawv cultivation nyob rau hauv lub tsev xog paj:
- disinfection ntawm noob, thiab cov khoom cog qoob loo;
- kev puas tsuaj ntawm kab, muaj cov kab mob kis;
- greenhouse disinfection (Autumn los yog caij nplooj ntoos hlav);
- kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov nroj tsuag seem tom qab sau, tob plowing thiab steaming ntawm cov av nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ua ntej cog sprouts.
Txiv lws suav Strick
Strick cuam tshuam lub Upper qhov chaw ntawm Bush, manifesting nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm xim av kab txaij, uas nws thiaj li qhuav tawm. Cov petioles ua tsis muaj zog, thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog riddled nrog irregularly puab furrows. Nrog rau cov nqaij ntshiv ntshiab ua ke, thiab cov foliage yuav ploj mus thiab ntog; bushes yog oppressed thiab kuj tseem tuag.
Qhov ua rau muaj tus kab mob no zoo ib yam li hauv lub mosaic: kev tua kab, kab ntsig thiab qhov ntsuas tsis huv, thiab tseem kho tsis tau cov kabmob - koj tuaj yeem ua tau, lossis zoo dua, tshem cov kab mob kis kab mob. 
Kev tiv thaiv ntawm tus kab mob:
- tshem tawm cov nroj tsuag;
- kev puas tsuaj ntawm kab tsuag kab (insecticide spraying);
- tswj kev ruaj khov thiab cov av noo, ua kom cov noob qoob loo ua ntej cog, nrog rau kev cog qoob loo, kev hloov txhua xyoo ntawm lub ntiaj teb (nrog rau lub qhov muag muag);
- txau cov seedlings nrog ib tug daws ntawm boric acid ob peb hnub ua ntej cog, thiab zoo li watering cov av nrog ib tug 2% poov tshuaj permanganate daws.
Kev tiv thaiv yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws txoj kev uas yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj kab mob ntawm seedlings ntawm txiv lws suav, thiab ces lawv cov kev kho mob yuav tsis tsum yuav tsum tau. Tsuas yog forethought ua ntej cog txiv lws suav thiab kev tu ncua kev kho rau lawv txhua lub caij yuav cia lawv tswj hwm lawv txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab sau ib tus nplua nuj sau qoob loo.
