Qhov txawv saj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kua txob sai sai nws muab los ntawm ib qho khoom noj mus rau hauv ib lub vaj teb qoob loo, uas hnub no hlob nyob rau hauv lub site ntawm txhua gardener.
Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua leej txhua tus tswj hwm rau nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, xws li cov kua txob yog cov xim tshwj xeeb thiab xav tu.
Qhov tseeb tias cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb mloog, gardeners yog ntxias los ntawm thawj hnub ntawm cultivation, vim hais tias feem ntau cov nplooj poob tawm lub kua txob. Yuav ua li cas rau qhov no, thiab yog vim li cas thiaj li muaj tus cwj pwm zoo li no? Cia peb sim nrhiav lo lus teb.
Irrigation yuam
92% ntawm kua txob yog dej, thiab hauv paus system ntawm nws seedlings tsis tob nyob rau hauv tag nrho. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias cov nroj tsuag xav tau ntau ntawm noo noo, yog li koj yuav tsum tau dej nws ntau thiab plentifully.
Lub ntiaj teb yuav tsum tau moistened 15-20 cm tob. Dej tsis txaus thiab ziab ntawm cov av tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau koj tus "tub ntxhais kawm".
Zaub "qhia" rau koj txog qhov tsis muaj nyob rau ntawm lawv cov tsos: cov kua txob yuav pib tig daj thiab tso cov nplooj. Lub teeb liab tom ntej - lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg ntawm paj thiab ovaries. Lub seedling zoo li nyuaj siab thiab tsis muaj zog, nws stems ua mos thiab pliable.
Txawm hais tias cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj hlob rau nws, lawv yuav tsis yuav txawv los ntawm presentable, noj qab haus huv tsos thiab saj. 
Ib lub sij hawm ntev ntawm drought yuav ua rau ib tug tuag taus kev hem thawj rau seedlings thiab cov neeg laus laus. Kev paub gardeners yog qhia mus rau dej lub nroj txhua hnub thaum sawv ntxov.
On rainy days nws yog tsim nyog los txo cov dej noo kom ib zaug ib lub lim tiam. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov hais tias ntau av noo noo tseem fraught nrog seedlings rau peppers thiab muaj peev xwm ua rau blackening ntawm foliage, rotting ntawm keeb kwm thiab stems.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Qhov zoo tshaj plaws los mus siv dej yog kom ncuav dej los ntawm ib qho dej nyob hauv qab hauv paus. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm noo noo rau ntawm nplooj, nws muaj peev xwm nyob ua si muaj thiab provoke cov tsos ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov pests. Dej yuav tsum sov, ze li 25 ° C.
Teeb pom kev tsis ncaj ncees
Improper teeb pom kev zoo yog lub ntsiab yog vim li cas vim kua txob nplooj poob.cog ob qho tib si rau ntawm windowsill thiab nyob rau hauv lub tsev xog paj, los yog nyob rau hauv qhib tua.
Kua txob - lub teeb pom kev zoo. Kev tsis huv los yog cov teeb meem tsis txaus yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem ntau. Tus nroj tsuag xav tau lub teeb 12 teev ib hnub twg. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ib tug ncaj qha hit ntawm tshav ntuj rau nws kuj yog tsis tsim nyog - lub teeb yuav tsum diffused.
Qhov tsis muaj lub teeb yog lub ntsiab yog vim li cas yog vim li cas seedlings pib ncav thawj, thiab ces lub kua txob pib los los nws cov nplooj.
Yuav kom daws tau qhov teeb meem no yog los ua kom muaj zog. Ua ntej, muab seedlings nrog diffused lub teeb thaum nruab hnub. Qhov thib ob, koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas qhov teeb meem. 
Rau cov laj thawj no, cov roj fluorescent nrog lub hwj chim ntawm 40-80 watts. Lawv yuav tsum tau muab tso rau saum cov ntoo ntawm qhov ntev ntawm 8-10 cm. Cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm cov teeb cig yog tias lawv muab cov kev cai nrog lub teeb, tab sis lawv tsis hlawv lawv.
Thirdly, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias seedlings tsis cog heev thickly, raws li tus tawm tsam rau ciaj sia taus yuav pib nruab nrab ntawm lawv.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Ntau heev gardeners kev txhawj xeeb groundlessly. Yog hais tias lub peppers tig daj thiab poob tawm tsuas yog qhov qis nplooj, muab hais tias lawv cov kev loj hlob yog 10-15 cm, qhov no yog qhov ib txwm. Qhov laj thawj yog tias koj cov nroj tsuag loj hlob tuaj.
Kub ncos
Ib qho ntawm lub ntsiab whims ntawm kua txob - thermophilic. Zaub yog ntshai ntawm txias, tsis zam drafts. Qhov kub zoo rau nws cov sau qoob yog + 22-30 ° S thaum nruab hnub thiab tsis qis dua 14 ° C thaum tsaus ntuj.
Ntse kub qhov hloov mus rau qhov tseeb tias seedlings pib tsis muaj zog, lawv tsis muaj txaus lub zog los pub on muab kev pab cuam los ntawm hauv av. 
Qhov tsuas yog qhov ntawm lub zog ntawm peppers yog nplooj, los ntawm uas lawv kos cov tshuaj uas tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm. Vim li ntawd, cov nplooj pib tig daj, tig daj thiab poob tawm.
Gardeners nrog kev raug qhia kom muab cov nroj tsuag nrog ib qho kev ntsuas kub tsoom fwv: thaum lub sij hawm hnub, nyiaj nyob rau hauv penumbra, nyob rau hauv thaum yav tsaus ntuj - vaj tse. Yog hais tias tsim nyog, pub nrog cov tshuaj uas ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv tsis haum txias (piv txwv, tshauv).
Nrhiav kom paub lub ntsiab ua rau kua txob nplooj ntoos wilt.
Qhov kub yog siab dhau, fraught nrog overheating ntawm zaub, tom qab uas cov nplooj tig dub.
Av depletion
Kom xaiv cov av - ib qho ntawm cov khoom plig ntawm high tawm los ntawm kua txob. Zaub prefers substrate, uas muaj xws li humus, lub ntiaj teb thiab xuab zeb nyob rau hauv ib qho ratio ntawm 2: 1: 1.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov av yuav tsum muaj nplua nuj nyob rau hauv kev pab cuam, txij thaum depleted av yog ib qho ntawm lub ntsiab catalysts, vim uas nplooj nplooj tig daj thiab poob tawm lub kua txob.
Yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj qhov tsis zoo tshwm sim yuav pab qoob loo hloov. Nroj tsuag kua txob tom qab eggplants, txiv lws suav, qos yaj ywm, los yog 2 xyoo nyob rau hauv ib kab nyob rau tib qhov chaw yog txwv tsis pub. 
Cucumbers, dos, cabbage yog zoo predecessors ntawm zaub - ib tug nplua nuj sau thiab muaj kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog guaranteed nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no.
Koj yuav ntshe yuav xav paub thaum twg yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm rau sowing kua txob rau seedlings.
Kab tsuag thiab kab mob
Ua tsis zoo los yog tsis txaus ua raws li cov kev cai ntawm kev tu rau seedlings thiab omission ntawm tiv thaiv kev ntsuas yog ib qho ntawm lub ntsiab ua rau ntawm kab mob kua txob. Kev paub txog cov kab mob kis tau yooj yim heev.
Ntawm cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab mob thiab muaj kab tsuag yog nplooj ntoos, daj los yog blackening ntawm stems, nplooj thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, wilt, kev nyuaj siab. Kua txob yog tsob nroj tsis muaj zog tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb.
Cov kab mob loj thiab kab tsuag ntawm kab lis kev cai:
- Stolbur. Qhov ua rau ntawm tus kab mob - kab uas nqus cov kua txiv hmab txiv los ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Qhov tsim nyog ntawm tus kab mob yog yellowed nplooj ntoo, dwarf kev loj hlob, twisted txiv hmab txiv ntoo, ib qho uas tsis yog-hom ntawm zaub. Nws yog ua tau kom kov yeej qhov teeb meem nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm tas li weeding, loosening cov av, yog hais tias tsim nyog, tshuaj cog yuav tsum tau nqa tawm.
- Ci daj thiab tas li withering kua txob seedlings qhia lub xub ntiag thiab kev vam meej fusarium - koj cov kab mob yog kis tau tus kab mob hu ua fungi. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau cov kab mob deplorable, vim mob seedlings yuav tau muab pov tseg ntawm. Uninfected yuav sim txuag tau. Lub ntsiab ntawm txoj kev cawm siav yog qhov mob tsawg.
- Lig blight cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov tsos ntawm cov pob tsaus nti rau ntawm kab lis kev cai, thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm qhov cuam tshuam. Yuav kom kov yeej nws koj tuaj yeem pab rau kev pab ntawm cov Txuas Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv thiab Teeb Meem.
- Cov tshuaj yaj yeeb "Teeb meem" kuj tseem siv tau rau hauv kev tawm tsam dub ceg - ib tug kab mob uas ua rau rotting thiab ziab ntawm cov nroj tsuag stems, provokes yellowing thiab ntog foliage. Nws yuav tsum tiv thaiv cov zaub los ntawm txias thiab ntev dej.
- Aphid - ib tug kab uas tsis tsuas yog tsim kev puas tsuaj rau kab lis kev cai, tab sis tuaj yeem ua rau nws tuag, raws li nws nqus tawm tag nrho cov tseem ceeb heev juices. Nws reproduces instantly thiab lub neej nyob rau hauv seedlings nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov zos. Vim li ntawd, seedlings yog depleted, foliage hloov daj thiab ntog. Txhawm rau tshem tawm kab tsuag tshuaj siv tshuaj tsuag tshuaj (Keltan, Karbofos), los yog los ntawm kev siv tswv yim zoo. Aphids ntshai haus luam yeeb plua tshauv thiab ntoo tshauv, yog li ntawd lawv yuav tsum ua kom "cocktail": nyob rau hauv 10 litres dej, dissolve ib khob hmoov av, los yog tshauv thiab tshuaj tsuag cov ntoo nrog nws.
- Tsis txhob noj zaub kua txiv thiab kab laug sab miteuas settles nyob rau hauv nplooj. Koj tuaj yeem tshem tus neeg nyob hauv kev pabcuam ntawm Actellic, Karbofos, Fufanon.
- Nyob rau hauv cov huab cua kub, lub kua txob yog attackable. whiteflies (ib kab zoo li me npauj npaim). Whitefly provokes cov tsos ntawm puab nyob saum npoo ntawm cov kab lis kev cai. Los mus tshem tawm cov npauj siv tshuaj yeeb tshuaj.
Koj puas paub? Qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov kua txob loj hlob nyob hauv cov neeg Ixayees. Nws qhov hnyav yog 0.5 kg. Cov zaub ntawd tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv phau Guinness Book of Records.
Tsis muaj chiv
Feem ntau, nrog nws cov nplooj ntoos yellowed thiab ib hom kab mob qog, kua txob txuag koj tias nws yog depleted thiab yuav tsum tau pub. Qhov xav tau rau txhua cov ntxhia thiab cov organic teeb meem nws muaj nws cov yeeb yam uas muaj nyob rau ntawm cov tsos ntawm cov kab lis kev cai:
- Hlau deficiency tshwm sim los ntawm pallor thiab fading ntawm foliage. Ntev ntev heev ntawm kev xav tau hlau yuav ua rau cov hlaws daj thiab poob nplooj, khov lub viability ntawm seedlings. Nws yog ib qho ua tau rau to taub thiab tiv thaiv xws li ib qho teeb meem ntawm cog qoob loo: yog tias koj tau xaiv av nplaum los yog calcareous av rau seedlings, koj yuav tsum tau kho nws nrog complex fertilizers.
- Qhov yuav tsum tau rau poov tshuaj yog tshwj xeeb heev tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm fruiting lub sij hawm. Txhawm rau noj cov kab lis kev cai ncaj qha ntawm lub sij hawm no tsis yog qhia. Tab sis ib tug zoo xws li tshwm sim kuj yuav foreseen: xuab zeb thiab peat xau rau kua txob cog yuav tsum tau nkag nrog potassium ua ntej.
- Cov kab nplooj av, zoo li qeeb ntawm kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lub hauv paus system, qhov muag ntawm grey-daj me ntsis rau ntawm foliage, lub rotting ntawm saum ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm peppers qhia qhov xav tau rau calcium fertilization thiab overdose nrog nitrogen thiab poov tshuaj.
- Txawm tias ib tug aspiring gardener paub hais tias lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau yellowing ntawm nplooj thiab tua ntawm kua txob, qhov tsos ntawm nyias curved txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog ib qhov tsim nyog tsis muaj nitrogen hauv cov av. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv xws li ib qho tshwm sim yuav pab txhawb slurry. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog them nqi rau qhov chaw ntawm cov ntoo ntawm nplooj ntoo tuaj yeem daj: daj ntawm qis nplooj qhia tias tsis muaj phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, thiab nitrogen; qhov xav tau rau hlau, manganese, boron, zinc yog manifested nyob rau hauv lub yellowing ntawm Upper cov tub ntxhais hluas nplooj.
Koj puas paub? Cov kua txob qab zib yog qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm vitamin C nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb no, txawm citrus txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis tuaj yeem sib piv nrog nws.
Cov kauj ruam zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv kom tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam thaum cog cov kua txob yuav qhia txog cov chiv ua rau hauv qhov txheej txheem ntawm cog qoob los yog tsis ntev tom qab ntawd.
Txhim kho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev cog thiab kev tu cov kua txob, ua raws li nrog txhua yam kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas yuav yog tus yuam sij rau ib qho kev sau qoob loo.
Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov hais tias cov kab lis kev cai yog ib yam nkaus thiab tsis txaus ntseeg, cov nroj tsuag tam sim ntawd yuav qhia rau koj txog nws qhov teeb meem nrog nws qhov tsos. Yog li ntawd, qhov ua tiav cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas muaj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob ntawm seb koj cov xim thiab ua siab ntev.
