Shchitovki (Diaspididae) - cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg ntawm cov kab-npog-kab-coccid nrog cov ntaub ntawv tsis tiav. Tag nrho cov coccides, uas muaj li ntawm 3 txhiab tsiaj (kab thiab felts, zoo li ntau tshaj 2,600 teev kab), herbivorous - noj tsob nroj kua ntoo thiab yog cov kab tsim kev puas tsuaj. Yog hais tias koj tsis muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg rau "cov phooj ywg ntsuab", ces nws yuav zoo yuav tsum paub seb tus tiv thaiv zoo li cas thiab seb dab tsi ntsuas los nrog lawv, - kom tiav clarity, peb yuav muab koj ib Diam duab.
Nws zoo li cas
Xav txog thawj zaug poj niam tus qauv - Los ntawm txoj kev, feem ntau ntawm "lovers" ntawm sab hauv nroj tsuag muaj ib qho zoo sib xws:
- ob txhais ceg, tis, qhov muag, antennae - tsis tuaj kawm ntawv, tab sis nyob rau hauv muaj qhov ncauj zoo-tsim ntawm lub cev ntawm piercing-nqus hom;
- rau cov tub ntxhais hluas, muaj cov ntaub thaiv npog thiab muaj caij nyoog rau kev khiav, ces daim ntaub thaiv npog, thiab cov poj niam tsis tsiv lawm;
Koj puas paub? Ntawm tag nrho cov av tsiaj, tus poj niam coccid, nrog rau lub scarab, yog pawg uas tsuas yog "evolves" mus rau txoj kev ua neej dhau, uas yog nrog los ntawm kev noj zaub mov tsis tuaj yeem.
- lub cev ntev 1.5-2 hli, oval los yog hloov cov duab, tsis faib zuj zus (noj ntawm cov vaj teb ntawm cov vaj teb loj dua, nrog ib lub pear-puab lossis muaj lub cev zoo li 5 hli nyob ntev);
- lub cev xim nyob rau hauv lub ntaub thaiv npog - dawb los yog daj ntseg daj;
- cov ntaub thaiv npog hauv cov neeg paub tab yog npog lub cev ntawm tag nrho los yog ib nrab, qee zaum convex, hemispherical los yog flattened thiab muaj cov secretory tshooj thiab larval tawv;
- nrov plig plawg xim - daj xim daj thiab xim av dub; thaum lub sij hawm qhov maturation ntawm larvae, xim ntawm lawv cov tawv nqaij yuav hloov, lub shield kuj colour raws li - tsis-niaj hnub, piv txwv li, lub nplhaib Golden-xim av nplaum nrog lub xim dub lub puab tsaig.
Tam sim no tus txiv neej:- tsis muaj qhov ncauj ntawm qhov ncauj, tab sis tsis yog ntawm lub qhov muag thiab tsim cov nquag thiab tis;
- lub cev segmented: taub hau, hauv siab thiab plab mog;
- feem ntau yog xim dawb thiab fluffy, tab sis reddish, liab-grey thiab xim txiv kab ntxwv;
- nyob rau hauv muaj ib tug me me shield.
Lub larva tshwm sim ob hnub nyoog:- thawj lub hnub nyoog (xws li larvae yog hu ua vagrants) - lub cev nqaij daim tawv yog oval thiab flattened, txog li 0.3 hli ntev, muaj peb khub ntawm ceg, thiab antennae thiab ob lub qhov muag;
Koj puas paub? Them sai sai rau cov xim ntawm lub larvae - nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ntau hom ntawm Diaspididae nws yuav to taub nyob rau hauv uas nws yuav reborn. Piv txwv li, dawb broods ntawm mulberry shchitovki loj hlob mus rau pojniam, thiab liab sawv daws - rau hauv caug.
- ob lub hnub nyoog - loj me me, mus txog 0.5 millimeters, dawb los sis grey nrog, raws li txoj cai, ib qho kev tsaus ntuj nti ntawm lub plab hlaub, feem ntau muaj ob txhais ceg, tsis kav hlau, los yog muag. Qhov tsuas yog tshaj plaws uas distinguishes xws larvae los ntawm cov neeg paub tab yog qhov loj thiab ntaub thaiv npog: nws yog sib dua.
Tsis nco qab txog hom kab sib txawv ntawm cov scutes: cov poj niam ntawm ib co kab yuav luag los, lawv cov ntaub thaiv npog tsis yooj yim rau qhov txawv; nrog tawg, blot zoo li lub cev; Ib tug neeg muaj ib tug dub nrov plig plawg thiab li ntawd. Tib yam siv rau kev txhim kho morphological: piv txwv li, nyob rau qee lub teb chaws sov Diaspididae tsis muaj qes.Ua li cas raug mob
Shchitovki - tsis tshua muaj teeb meem kab, uas txaus rau 3-4 xyoos rau rhuav tshem ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv lub vaj teb. Lawv yog cov txaus ntshai hais tias nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam agrarian ntawm lub teb chaws yav qab teb, nyob rau hauv lub slightest kos npe rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawm shields (piv txwv li, mulberry), nruj quarantine yog tshaj tawm, txwv tsis pub lub export ntawm seedlings thiab seedlings. Thaum siv tshuaj tua kab, cov tshuaj tua kab yog siv los ua cov ntoo txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov nroj tsuag, thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov tshuaj yej cog ntoo.
Shchitovka nyob rau sab hauv nroj tsuag, yog li koj yuav tsum paub qhov chaw uas nws tawm los ntawm: saib rau ntawm paj los ntawm lub khw, nrog cov khoom cog (lawv tuaj yeem raug tus kab mob), thiab nrog rau qhov rai-qhov rooj - cua tuaj yeem nkag mus hauv tsev.
Cov kab mob hauv tsev feem ntau kuj raug kev txom nyem los ntawm aphids, mealybugs, cuav shields, kab laug sab mites, nematodes, thrips, whiteflies.
Cov tshwm sim ntawm yeej
Nqus mus rau nplooj, tus poj niam nqus lub cell kua, raws li ib tug ntawm cov nplooj los ua cover nrog daj me ntsis, ces tig daj los yog tig xim av kom meej, ntswj thiab poob los ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Tom qab, nws ceases loj hlob, ziab tawm, maj mam raug cov ceg ntoo thiab tuag. Citrus txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov kuj raug puas tsuaj.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yog tias koj pom cov nplaum nplaum rau ntawm nplooj, nws yog ib qhov ua tau tias qhov no yog lub caij nplooj zeeg, lub kua qaub ntawm cov pob zeb ua kom zoo nkauj, uas lawv npog cov stems, nplooj, lawv cov petioles, buds thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo.Cov hauv ncoo muaj kab mob nrog cov kab mob dub thiab cov hmoov av.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Yuav kom tsis txhob xav tias yuav ua li cas kom tshem tau cov scythes ntawm cov vaj tsev, tiv thaiv koj tus kheej ua ntej thiab ua raws li cov cai no:
- Muas vases hauv khw muag khoom tshwj xeeb; qhov no yuav txo qhov yuav ua rau kis tau tus kab mob uas muaj mob. Npaj li ntau yam resistant mus rau kab mob thiab cov pests, sab laj koj tus neeg muag khoom.
- Freshly tau txais "phooj ywg" yuav tsum tau "cais tawm". Yog hais tias tom qab 7 hnub tsis muaj dab tsi phem tau raug pom - "acquaint" lwm tus.
- Ntxuav cov nroj tsuag nrog xab npum. Nws yog txaus ua ib hlis ib zaug, tab sis nws tau ntau zaus (tsis muaj fanaticism). Qhov "kev ua si" yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas txav ib lub paj tawg los ntawm ib lub sam thiaj los yog txoj kev mus rau hauv ib lub tsev.
- Tshem tawm qhuav los yog ploj hlav nplooj thiab ua thaj ua rau lub sijhawm.
- Disinfect cov av nrog ib tug daws ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate - nyob rau hauv Ntxiv thiab, nws yog ib tug zoo fertilizer thiab yuav ntxiv dag zog rau cov nroj tsuag.
- Kev siv tshuaj rau cov me nyuam yaus nplaum kab rau sab hauv nroj tsuag yuav yog kev daws dej sov nrog rau hauv av qej thiab xab npum, uas ua rau irrigate lub yub thiab txheej txheej hauv lub ntiaj teb.
- Thaum kawg, muab cov tsiaj txhu tso rau hauv lub tsev zoo: qhov tsis muaj neeg coob coob yuav txuag tau ntawm kev kis mob - tus so yuav tsum ua kom pom los ntawm lub teeb thiab kub kub, huab cua vaum, dej kom huv thiab qhov huv si ntawm qhov chaw.
Yuav ua li cas kom tshem tau cov nplai
Nyob rau ntawm thawj cov tsos mob ntawm ib tug sapling - txawm nws yuav ib co ntawm scab los yog lwm yam kev coj txawv txawv - nws yuav tsum tau sib cais los ntawm lwm yam nroj tsuag, thiab tom qab ntawd ua tib zoo xyuas cov neeg uas nyob ze. Insecticides rau cov neeg laus yuav tsis ua hauj lwm (lawv npog nrog cov ntaub thaiv npog), tab sis lawv tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm ntawm tes.
Koj puas paub? Cov qog ntawm Lepidosaphes ulmi - nws kuj yog ib qho kua ntoo kab ntoo - tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv txhua lub qab ntuj ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Lub peculiarity ntawm hom yog hais tias nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si parthenogenetic thiab bisexual cov ntaub ntawv.
Thaum siv cov paj ntaub, siv cov paj rwb thiab ib daim txhuam cev, rau cov neeg uas muaj denser, tus txhuam hniav muag muag yuav ua: muab ntim rau hauv tshuaj ntxuav tes thiab so tag nrho nplooj thiab stems rau ob tog. Mob disinfect rau tag nrho cov nroj tsuag, raws li ib tug uas tsis muaj sia nyob larva yuav ua rau reinfection tom qab ob peb lub lis piam.
Rau kev daws, txhua yam tshuaj ntxuav tais diav los yog xab npum yuav haum - nyiaj txiag, ua, ntsuab. Npog cov nplooj nrog cov npuas npau npau npau rau ib nrab, ces yaug nrog dej kub (txog 50 degrees Celsius) rau 2-3 feeb. Txhua lub lis piam cov txheej txheem ntawm no hom yuav tau tshem ntawm shchitovki yam tsis siv tshuaj.
Tshuaj
Yog tias qhov ntxuav tsis haum rau koj lossis nws tsis tuaj yeem txuas rau ib tus neeg sab hauv tsev, tshuaj preparations, tshuaj tua kab, yuav pab tshem tau cov kab tsuag. Tseeb, kev ua haujlwm ib zaug yuav tsis txaus. Cov ntaub thaiv npog ntawm cov poj niam tiv thaiv tau cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm kev cuam tshuam nws - koj yuav tsum tsau cov nroj tsuag tag nrho hauv cov thoob cov tshuaj, los yog siv cov tshuaj xaiv - cov kab tsim kab mob "Aktara" thiab "Confidor".
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, xws li kev sib cuag yeeb tshuaj no zoo:
- hormonal insecticides thiab juvenoids - piv txwv, pyriproxyfen "Admiral";
- Neonicotinoids: Aktara, Apache, Iskra Zolotaya, Korado, Konfidor, Mospilan, Tanrek;
- organophosphate compounds: "Aktellik", "Alatar", "Antiklesch", "Iskra", "Karbofos", "Kemifos", "Novaktion", "Fufanon", lwm yam.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Khaws cov cua kub hauv chav tsis txhob qis tshaj 18 degrees, txwv tsis pub cov nyhuv ntawm tshuaj preparations yuav poob.Yuav kom ntseeg tau hais tias txhua tus kab xo tag nrho yuav raug muab tshem tawm, nrog rau cov neeg los ntawm larvae, tiv tauj thiab cov tshuaj hu rau enteric insides yuav tsum tau siv tsawg kawg peb zaug, siv cov sij hawm ua ntej ib lim piam. Tsis txhob hnov qab mus so lub qhov rais xaum, qhov rai thiab lub iav, qhov twg lub lauj kaub uas tau txav lawm, nrog kua cawv los yog kua ntxuav tais diav.
Ua ntej koj tshem tawm cov ntaub thaiv npog ntawm sab hauv nroj tsuag nrog kev siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm kev nyab xeeb hauv high school, nco ntsoov tias koj tuaj yeem:
- kom ventilate chav;
- tso nws ntawm cov neeg muaj mob hawb pob thiab ua xua, nrog rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub.
Txhua tus neeg nyob hauv nws lub tsev muaj nws cov nuances hauv kev saib xyuas thiab kev tswj cov kab tsuag, yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum paub tiv thaiv orchids, cacti, roj hmab nroj tsuag, dab, clerodendrum, kalanchoe, hovey, streptocarpus, swellies.
Pej xeem txoj kev kho
Cov tib neeg txoj kev sib ntaus sib tua tiv thaiv tsis muaj tseeb: ib tug neeg xav tias lawv tsis muaj zog thiab, nrog rau lwm yam, yuav tsim kev puas tsuaj rau cov nroj tsuag. Ua tib zoo, cov kabmob tsis muaj kabmob yog qhov zoo, tabsis yog tias koj tsis tau ntsib nrog lub sijhawm kawg ntawm kev kis kab mob, nws ua rau kev paub pib nrog pej xeem tshuaj.
Lub hauv paus rau kev daws yuav ua tau:
1. Kerosene:
- do hauv 1 liter dej 40 g ntawm tsev neeg xab npum (los yog 25 g ntawm ntsuab) xab npum;
- ntxiv 5 tee ntses thiab muab cov tshuaj tov kom zoo.
2. Cov dos:
- noj ib nrab-qhov loj hlob dos thiab chop finely;
- RUB lub pieces thiab ncuav ib khob dej rau 2-3 teev.
3. Cov roj:
- ntxiv 6-10 g ntawm xab npum mus rau ib khob dej thiab khaub thuas kom txog thaum foam tshwm;
- sib tov nrog 15-20 ml ntawm roj cav (koj tuaj yeem siv 2 diav txiv ntseej lossis paj noob hlis).
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Ua ntej txoj kev kho dej, cov av qe yog them nrog ib zaj duab xis. Nws yog undesirable rau kev ua tiav cov nroj tsuag nrog pubescent, kev sib tw nplooj.Qhov no nroj tsuag yog rinsed nrog tag nrho cov emulsion thiab tso cai rau sawv rau 6-10 teev, ces ntxuav tawm. Nws yuav siv 2-3 cov txheej txheem nrog lub caij nyoog ntawm 7-10 hnub.
4. Cov kua txob:
- Tsoo 50 g ntawm tshiab iab kua txob;
- boil lawv nyob rau hauv 500 ml ntawm dej;
- cia qhov sib tov sawv rau ib hnub thiab lim;
- rau kev nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv ib liter dej, ntxiv 10 ml ntawm Txoj kev lis ntshav thiab 5 g ntawm xab npum.
"Kua txob" tuaj yeem siv rau txhua txhua ob lis piam. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog khaws rau ib lub sij hawm ntev, uas yog yooj yim yog hais tias nws yog tsim nyog los sai sai rau cov nroj tsuag.5. Cawv thiab xab npum:
- tsev neeg, lub xuab zeb xaj qhwv thiab ntsuab xuj yog tsim rau kev daws (nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv huab - txhua yam); kuj tshuab ntxuav tais diav kuj yuav ua;
- ib khob ntawm dej sov yuav tsum kom ib tug tablespoon ntawm xab npum chips;
- rau ntau txoj kev daws teeb meem, koj tuaj yeem tau ntxiv dej cawv (ib tug teaspoon ntawm kev kho mob, ammonia, technical - thiab vodka yuav ua), tsis nco qab mus ntxiv 300 g dej.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Cawv yog cov tshuaj hauv cov nroj tsuag me me.6. Haus luam yeeb:
- ib lim dej twg yuav tsum tau 80 gram ntawm luam yeeb lossis haus luam yeeb;
- cia qhov sib tov sawv rau ib hnub;
- lim thiab ntxiv rau qhov daws ib liter dej.
7. Qij: 
1) thawj daim ntawv qhia:
- chop tsib cov hniav ntawm qej mus rau hauv ib khob dej;
- tawm cov emulsion hauv lub thawv kaw nruj nreem rau ib hnub lossis ob.
2) daim ntawv qhia ob:
- sau tsib crushed cov hniav nrog 500 ml ntawm boiling dej;
- cia lawv sawv ntsug 4-5 teev.
Ib daim ntaub thaiv npog yog ib tug yeeb ncuab dab ntxwg nyoog, qhov tshwm sim uas tsis yoojyim rau kev pom. Sib ntaus nws yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam xyuas cov nroj tsuag thiab ua raws li kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas.
Tsis txhob hnov qab txog kev tiv thaiv tus kheej: siv tshuaj tua kab hauv cov khaub ncaws thiab cov khoom tiv thaiv, nyeem cov ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab, tom qab ua haujlwm tshuaj, ntxuav cov tawv nqaij kom huv si nrog xab npum thiab dej. Tshem cov khaub ncaws thaum twg tau tawm sab nraum lub tsev.
