Gravilat cog (Avens, pniknits) yog nyob rau hauv kev thov nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj, ua noj, tshuaj pleev ib ce, thiab lwm yam. Vim yog nws cov khoom siv, cov nroj tsuag no tau siv dav thiab siv los kho neeg mob thiab kho neeg mob tsis yog nyob hauv peb lub teb chaws xwb. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav qhia rau koj txog cov khoom noj thiab zaub mov muaj nqis ntawm gravilat, hais txog nws daim ntawv thov nyob rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub neej thiab txog kev tshwm sim muaj kev phiv thiab kev tsis haum xeeb.
Kev piav qhia
Avens yog lub paj uas yog ib tug tub ntxhais ntawm tsev neeg Rosaceae. Lub genus suav nrog ntau dua 50 hom nroj tsuag uas yog dav faib rau txhua lub tebchaws ntawm peb ntiaj chaw, tsuas yog Antarctica. Qee hom kab mob gravilatus yog nyob rau ntawm qhov kev tuag ntawm cov tsiaj tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv. Cov tsiaj no raug muab tso rau hauv kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov tub ceev xwm hauv lub teb chaws thiab cov vaj tsev botanical.
Koj puas paub? Rau thawj thawj zaug uas yog tshuaj ntsuab, gravilatus tau piav nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv kho mob thaum ub thaum ntxov li xyoo pua 16th, tiam sis cov ntsiab lus me me kuj raug pom nyob rau hauv Hippocratic cov lus sau.
Botanical piav qhia thiab yam ntxwv ntawm avence yog heev uas zoo sib xws rau lwm yam nroj tsuag tsiaj - strawberries thiab potentilla. Nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm peb lub teb chaws ib tug yuav nrhiav tau tsuas yog xya ntau yam ntawm gravilate, tab sis feem ntau cov uas yog cov dej gravilat thiab nroog gravilat. Avens dej nyiam ua rau cov qoob loo qias neeg nplua nuj, yog li feem ntau pom ntawm cov swamps lossis cov ntug dej sab nrauv. Tab sis Avens lub nroog no muaj nyob rau ntawm lub pob zeb qhuav. Nws yog feem ntau pom nyob rau sab nraud ntawm txoj kev, nyob tom teb, chaw ua si, lub vaj los yog hav zoov hav zoov. 
Dej piknitsa yog ib qho nroj tsuag herbaceous uas nce mus txog qhov siab ntawm 80-100 cm Cov qoob loo ntawm cov nroj tsuag no weakly, thiab feem ntau yog branching yog pom tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub Upper ib feem ntawm lub qia. Stems of Avens ua tiav nrog cov plaub mos mos. Nyob rau hauv qis dua ntawm lub qia, cov plaub mos mos muaj ib txoj hlua rougher tshaj li nyob hauv nws sab qaum. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov plaub mos mos muaj zog dua thiab mob ntsws.
Yoojyim ntawm lub pob zeb txaus, ua rau peb daim faib ua ke. Nyob rau hauv Avens muaj ob hom nplooj: qia thiab hov paus. Thawj hom nplooj muaj ib ceg luv luv thiab hlob zoo ntawm cov qia. Tab sis hov paus nplooj muaj ib tug qauv ntev-petiole thiab, raws li, loj hlob on ntev petioles. Tsis tas li ntawd, basal nplooj yog ntau loj heev thiab muaj qhov pub tuab pubescence. 
Qhov feem ntau nthuav ntawm tus dej gravity yog nws cov paj. Lawv tsis muaj loj loj thiab ci xim, tab sis lawv kho thaj chaw yog paub txog ntau cov neeg laus cov kws kho mob. Avens av nplaum muaj xim nplaum xim (qee zaum teeb daj thiab lwm tus) nrog qaim liab lossis pinkish leeg. Cov hau ntawm lub paj yog tswb-puab thiab tau qis dua, uas pab cov nqus ntawm tus kheej-pollinate.
Lub gravel blossoms nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-May - thaum ntxov Lub rau hli ntuj, thiab tom qab ib lub hlis los yog ob lub noob pib rau ntawm lub paj. Txhim kho cov txheej txheem nrog hooks thiab ib reddish tint yog thawj cov cim qhia ntawm ripened noob. Los ntawm txoj kev, nws tsis yog vim tias kev sib xyaw zoo sib xws muaj daim ntawv no, vim nws ua rau cov noob tuaj yeem txia ua rau tib neeg khaub ncaws lossis tsiaj plaub hau thiab xa mus rau lwm qhov chaw. 
Lub nroog Gravilat muaj ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov dej gravilat. Piv txwv li, ib qho dej ciam tsis tuaj yeem loj hlob tshaj 60 cm ntawm qhov siab, thaum tus dej pom ntawm ib tsob nroj hauv qee qhov muaj peev xwm ncav cuag qhov siab ntawm ntau tshaj ib qho. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus dej picnic tau greenish stems, thiab lub nroog - reddish los yog xim av. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov paj ntawm cov nroj tsuag no: nroog gravels sepals tsis xim liab.
Zaub mov muaj nqis thiab calorie
Avens yog ib qho kev noj haus uas ua tiav tag nrho uas yog siv rau cov hom phiaj tshuaj vim nws cov ntsiab lus qis dua. Txawm li cas los, qhov no nroj tsuag kuj tau xyaum tsis muaj zaub mov zoo. 
Yog li, tsuas yog 1 kcal rau ib 100 grams ntawm cov khoom no xwb. Muaj cov suab tsis muaj proteins, cov rog thiab carbohydrates hauv Ponicnit, yog li ntawd nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv botanical siv cov ntaub ntawv nws qhia hais tias nyob rau hauv 100 grams ntawm no nroj tsuag tsis muaj ib tug Gram ntawm proteins, cov rog thiab carbohydrates. Yog li, los ntawm nws cov zaub mov muaj nqis thiab cov ntsiab lus caloric, gravilat resembles ntsuab tshuaj yej nplooj.
Nroj tsuag muaj pes tsawg leeg
Yog hais tias peb sib piv cov dej tshuaj lom neeg hauv dej thiab lub nroog gravilat, yuav tsis muaj kev sib txawv, vim li no ob qho tib si yog tsim los siv tshuaj, tshuaj pleev ib ce, thiab lwm yam.
Nyob rau hauv lub aboveground ib feem ntawm no nroj tsuag muaj phenol carboxylic acids, tannins (yuav luag ib plaub ntawm tag nrho cov nyom qhuav), flavonoids, ntau yam xim coloring thiab alkaloids. Dyes nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau muaj nyob hauv cov dej av avalanche. Txawm li cas los xij ob leeg muaj ntau cov vitamins, suav nrog provitamin A thiab vitamin C (ascorbic acid).
Vitamin C kuj tseem muaj nyob rau hauv ntsuab dos, elderberries, radishes, dawb currants, actinidia, tarragon, irghe, paam dlev, zaub qhwv, raspberries, Jerusalem artichoke.
Tab sis nyob rau hauv hauv paus system ntawm picnic muaj ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm txoj thiab yooj yim carbohydrates, uas tsis nyob rau hauv lub qhov chaw aboveground. Xws li cov carbohydrates muaj xws li qabzib thiab hmoov txhuv nplej siab. Ntxiv mus, cov keeb kwm ntawm gravilaton yog nplua nuj hauv cov khoom xws li cov roj yam tseem ceeb, pectin, organic acids, tannins, glycosides thiab saponins.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Eugenol yog ib qhov phenolic substance nyob hauv cov hauv paus hniav gravilate, thiab nws yog vim muaj cov tshuaj yeeb dej cawv no tsob nroj tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, nyob hauv nruab nrab Hnub nyoog, Avens raug hu ua "clove root."
Cov khoom siv tseem ceeb
Gravilat nyom muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm medicinal thaj chaw, uas tau raug zoo siv los ntawm cov kws kho mob rau ntau centuries.
Ntawm no yog qee yam ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev noj mov:
- Hemostatic;
- Tonic (ntxiv lub cev tiv thaiv vim yog muaj cov tshuaj ascorbic acid);
- Kev mob kev ntshawv siab;
- Lub qhov txhab kho;
- Sweatshops (cov cuab yeej ntawm avence no siv hauv malaria thiab lwm yam kab mob uas nws lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kho mob yog yuav ua rau kom qhov tob ntxiv);
- Me ntsis hypnotic thiab me ntsis sedative.
Tag nrho cov saum toj no thaj chaw ntawm no nroj tsuag tau ntev tau siv los ntawm pej xeem healers. Lawv muab cov neeg tinctures, napara, decoctions, thiab lwm yam. Kuj, gravilat muaj cov kab mob tua kab mob, yog li nws siv los ua antiseptic thaum muab yaug qhov ncauj thiab noj da dej.Siv cov gravilat
Vim hais tias ntawm nws kev thiab kho thaj chaw, pniknitsa tau pom nws daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm tib neeg lub neej.
Hauv tshuaj
Cov kws kho mob siv tsis tau siv hom tsob nroj hauv nws qhov kev ua si. Tab sis homeopathy (lwm hom tshuaj uas siv rau kev kho mob rau tus neeg mob uas siv cov tshuaj tsis zoo, vim tias tus neeg mob yuav tsum ntseeg nws txoj kev rov zoo thiab kho nws tus kheej nrog nws cov kev xav thiab kev tiv thaiv) thiab tshuaj noj tshuaj pom tau cov khoom kho mob ntawm cov tshuaj pleev xim thiab ua kom nws siv ntau dua. 
Gravilat lub nroog, thiab cov dej gravilat, pom nws daim ntawv thov hauv kev kho mob ua si nkaus xwb li antiseptic thiab yav tas los tau muaj qhov chaw zoo ntawm cov kws kho mob. Tab sis hnub no, feem ntau ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm cov tshuaj tsis xav siv nws raws li ib txoj kev kho mob rau cov neeg mob, thiab nrhiav lwm txoj hauv kev teev npe tshuaj ntsuab.
Koj puas paub? "Conspiracy grass" - yog li hu ua gravilat ancient magicians thiab witches, uas siv no nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv lawv cov kev ua.
Txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov tshuaj uas tsis yog tshuaj noj, gravilat yog siv los kho kev tiv thaiv angina, cystitis, nephritis, mob hawb pob thiab txawm tias tuberculosis. Tej zaum tincture ntawm no tshuaj ntsuab yog siv nyob rau hauv ib co ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm beriberi, dysentery thiab helminthiasis. Tab sis feem ntau cov kho neeg mob tau sau avence rau los ntshav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog sab hauv. 
Decoctions los ntawm keeb kwm ntawm cov nroj tsuag muaj zoo pab nrog depressions thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm kev puas hlwb system. Ntxiv mus, cov decoctions no ntxiv rau da dej kom txo tau qhov mob ntawm cov leeg thiab cov pob qij txha.
Hauv cosmetology
Hauv cosmetology, Avens yog siv rau normalize daim tawv nqaij thiab tswj kev txwv. Ua li no, lub decoction ntawm no tshuaj ntsuab yog ntxiv rau da dej. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub kua txiv hmab txiv los ntawm cov keeb kwm ntawm avence yog siv los muag thiab tshem tawm cov tawv thiab outdated corns.
Rau cov tawv nqaij oily, koj tuaj yeem ua ib daim npog qhov ncauj tawm ntawm lub picnic. Rau qhov no koj xav tau ib nrab ib teev rau insist 1 tsp. tshuaj ntsuab nyob rau hauv boiled dej (volume ntawm 0.5 liv). Tom ntej, lim lub sib tov thiab ntxiv 2 tbsp. hmoov txhuv nplej siab. Sib tov txhua yam kom tau ib qho oily taub hau. Txaus siab rau cov txiaj ntsig tshwm tuaj rau 15 feeb, thiab tom qab ntawd ces siv ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub ntsej muag rau ib nrab ib teev. 
Cov qhov ncauj qhov ntswg pab tiv thaiv cov tawv nqaij oily thiab cov ntsws ntsws, thiab, dhau mus, koj yuav paub tseeb tias koj siv lub ntuj tsim.
Hauv kev ua noj
Nyob rau hauv ua noj ua haus, Avens nplooj yog dav siv, uas yog siv nyob rau hauv kev npaj ntawm zaub nyoos, soups, mashed qos yaj ywm thiab lwm yam tais diav. Txuj lom thiab spices yog tsim los ntawm keeb kwm ntawm nyom, uas ntxiv tshwj xeeb saj mus rau ntses thiab nqaij lauj kaub tais diav, nrog rau soups thiab zaub nyoos.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Kev kho kom zoo nkauj thiab tsim kev zoo nkauj, ntau hom gravel yog tsim los ntawm lub npe "Leonardo Wat". Cov nroj tsuag no muaj paj loj thiab tooj liab thiab yog siv dav hauv chaw dai ntawm European cov chaw ua si. Nws yog ua tau kom loj hlob tuaj ntawm ntau yam avence yam tsis muaj teeb meem nyob hauv tsev.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no cog yog siv nyob rau hauv ua noj ua haus raws li ib tug dye. Piv txwv, thaum tinting ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo haus, qos yaj ywm, thiab lwm yam. cov dej haus yuav siv sij hawm ntawm ib qho kaj xim liab xim. Gravilat yog dav siv nyob rau hauv qhuav ntawm npias thiab kvass. Nws yuav tsum tau mus cuag lub neej txee dej haus. Thiab los ntawm keeb kwm ntawm Avens nrog Ntxiv ntawm txiv kab ntxwv tev ua kom cov cua ntshiab heev. Ntxiv cov txuj lom thiab tshwj xeeb aroma rau haus, gravilatum cag yog siv hauv kev lag luam dej cawv.Nyob rau hauv txhua txhua hnub lub neej
Lub stems ntawm no nroj tsuag yog zoo heev pub additives rau ntau cov tsiaj. Thiab honey ponies cia lub bees mus rau hla nplua nuj zib mu tawm nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-May. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no yog siv los ua ib lub zas rau dyeing woolen thiab paj rwb ntaub. Ib chav ntawm cov xim, uas muaj peev xwm muab Avens, yog dav heev, ib ncua ntawm reddish-ntsuab thiab xaus nrog liab-xim av.
Ntxiv nrog rau cov kabmob gravilat muaj: linden, txivneej dawb, buckwheat, rape, cherry plum, pear, lws suav, kua, maple, roob tshauv, heather, snyat, oregano, medunitsya, bruise, thistle, cornflower.
Vim lub siab cov ntsiab lus ntawm tannins nyob rau hauv lub ntiajteb txawj nqus, nws yog siv raws li tanning tawv. Gardeners siv no tshuaj ntsuab raws li ib tug zoo insecticide uas yuav pab nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam kab pests. Tsis tas li ntawd, breeders tau tsim ntau yam zoo nkauj ornamental tsiaj ntawm no nroj tsuag, thiab lawv siv nrog zoo nyob rau hauv zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj tsim.
Raug mob thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab
Avens muaj ib qhov kev txawv: nws muaj peev xwm nce ntshav khov. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias nws yuav tsum tau siv nrog ceev faj (los yog tsis txhua) los ntawm cov neeg uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm ntshav siab, thrombosis, constipation thiab thrombophlebitis.
Koj puas paub? Tag nrho cov kim beers nyob rau hauv Sweden muaj lub keeb kwm ntawm gravel.
Koj kuj yuav tsum tau ceev faj nrog cov tshuaj ntawm tinctures los yog decoctions, vim hais tias qhov tshuaj ntsuab muaj ntau ntawm cov tannins, overdose uas threatens nrog constipation ntev.
Kev npaj ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv
Raws li koj twb paub, rau kev noj qab haus hom phiaj, siv ob lub keeb kwm ntawm no nroj tsuag, thiab lub stems thiab nplooj. Tab sis txoj kev ntawm harvesting lub keeb kwm thiab nplooj yog txawv los ntawm txhua lwm yam. Yog li ntawd keeb kwm yuav tsum tau sau nyob rau hauv lig Autumn (ua ntej pib ntawm frosts), los yog nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, txawm ua ntej lub cog blooms. 
Tom qab lub keeb kwm tau dug li, lawv yuav tsum tau ntxuav thiab qhuav nyob rau hauv lub hnub. Tom ntej, lub keeb kwm yuav tsum dhau mus rau theem ntawm ziab hauv ib chav zoo-ventilated nyob rau ntawm ib tug kub ntawm 45-50 ° C.
Thaum twg lub hauv paus hniav qhuav, lawv yuav los ua brittle thiab yuav muab tawm ib tug ntse aroma uas tsa lub tsis hnov tsw ntawm cloves. Nyob rau hauv lub xeev no, cov hauv paus hniav yuav khaws cia rau 3 xyoos, yog hais tias lub khob nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv raw yog cia tightly kaw. Lwm yam, qhov tsis hnov tsw ntawm cov hauv paus hniav tuaj yeem nti tom qab ib pliag.
Tshaj plaws ntawm cov picnic pib sau hauv lub Tsib Hlis. Nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los txiav tawm ntawm ib sab, 15-20 cm ntev. Qhov txiav stems yog qhuav nyob rau hauv lub hnub los yog nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb tshuab ziab khaub ncaws uas tsis tshaj 40-45 ° C. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov nroj tsuag yuav qhuav nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug bouquet, dai upside down. Thaum twg lub paj ntoo pib tawm mus ua kom yooj yim, nws txhais tau hais tias txoj kev ziab tshuav tas lawm, thiab hauv daim ntawv no cov khoom siv raw yuav khaws tau li ntawm ib xyoos, tab sis tsis ntev dua. 
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Gravilat yuav tsum tau qhuav nruj thaum sov ntawm 40-50 ° C, txwv tsis pub tag nrho cov tshuaj chemical, uas, nrog lwm yam, yog lub hauv paus ntawm medicinal thaj chaw ntawm no tshuaj ntsuab, yuav raug puas tsuaj.
Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, harvested keeb kwm thiab stems ntawm gravel tej zaum yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm ntau cov kab mob, uas peb tau piav saum toj no. Thiab koj tsis tas yuav nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv raw hauv chaw muag tshuaj, vim koj yuav muaj koj tus kheej, ntuj thiab ntshiab khoom.
