Lub caij ntuj sov ntau ntawm pears "Petrovskaya" twb bred nyob rau hauv 1959 by hla hybrids. Tsob ntoo muaj qhov nruab nrab qhov siab thiab thickness ntawm crown, lub bark yog xim av thiab tus.
Lub ntsiab ceg yog nyob rau hauv pob tw yuav luag ntawm ib txoj cai kaum. Cov ceg yog cov nkhaus, lawv qhov kev npaj yog tsawg, nce thiab toj.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo formations - sib xyaw hom. Cov nplooj yog medium-qhov loj, saturated nyob rau hauv ntsuab thiab muaj cov duab ntawm ib tug dav oval nrog ib tug jagged ntug. Cov nplooj ntoos yog nyob rau ib qho ntev petiole, nplooj ntoos phaj yog convex, me ntsis bent downwards. Dawb paj yog me me, medium-qhov loj qhov me.
Cov kauv pav pliav elongated, me me funnel, me me quav. Noob chamber kaw, cov noob loj, dub. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog greenish nyob rau hauv cov xim, elongated-pear-puab nrog daim tawv nqaij, hnyav li 120-135 g.
Peter tus txiv moj Pear twb sim tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Cov nqaij ntawm nws cov xim muaj xim muaj muag, me ntsis oily qauv. Lub saj ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog qaub-Sweet, muaj kua.
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm Peter lub pears ripen nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-Lub yim hli ntuj, thiab ntau yam fits qhov kev piav qhia ntawm lub ceev-loj hlob thiab high-yielding, txias txias-resistant.
Koj puas paub? Ib co pear ntoo nyob rau txog li 300 tawm xyoo.
Cov hnub yuav tsaws thiab xaiv qhov chaw
Pear seedling yog zoo dua mus noj paus, yog tias koj cog nws nyob rau hauv lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj, tom qab foliage kom ntog. Yog hais tias tsim nyog, nws yog tau kom cog pears nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ua ntej Bud so. Caij nplooj ntoos hlav tsaws tau ua ke nrog pruning ceg. Lub keeb kwm tsis txiav, tab sis tsuas yog ncaj ncaj ncaj.
Peter lub pear ntau yam yuav tsum tau rau lawv cov kev loj hlob dejnum zoo-zes qhov chaw, kev tiv thaiv los ntawm drafts, tsis muaj ib qho chaw ze ntawm av, uas yuav zus on ib toj. 
Tsob ntoo hlob zoo nyob rau hauv av dub, los yog loamy av nrog qaub acidity. Yog hais tias lub cuab ntxhiab muaj av nplaum av, lub pears yog cog nyob rau hauv ib tug cog aub tsiv.
Pear "Petrovskaya", zoo li feem ntau cov qab zib ntau ntawm pears, yog nws tus kheej-fruitless thiab yuav tsum tau pollen ntawm lwm pear rau nws pollination, qhov no yuav tsum tau muab rau hauv tus account thaum npaj vaj thiab tso 2-3 ntau yam ntawm pears.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Qhov tob ntawm av yuav tsum ntau tshaj ob meters
Yuav ua li cas cog pear seedlings "Petrovskaya", kauj ruam los ntawm kauj ruam cov lus qhia
Pear seedlings yuav tsum muaj ib tug tsim paus system thiab yuav dawb los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau bark thiab ceg. Rau kev ntxiv fruiting ntawm pear ntawm Peter, nws pib yuav tsum tau xyuas kom meej cog thiab kev kho mob. Xav txog agrotechnica pears ntawm Peter nyob rau hauv ntau dua kom meej. 
Pear yuav cog nyob ze ntawm qhov chaw uas yav tas los loj hlob plum, Cherry los yog Cherry.
Npaj ib aub tsawb rau cog
Qhov no yuav tsum tau khawb 10-14 hnub ua ntej cog lub seedling. Lub hauv av txheej ntawm pears yuav tsum yog 0.6-0.7 m sib sib zog nqus thiab 1 m inch. Hauv qab txheej ntawm av yog muab tshem tawm los ntawm qhov aub tsiv, thiab ib lub thoob ntawm peat los yog rotted manure, superphosphate 250 g, 50 g ntawm poov tshuaj sulphate thiab ntoo tshauv ntxiv rau fertile txheej txheej. - 200 
Ntawm ib nrab ntawm no sib tov nyob rau hauv lub cog cog a mound rau uas pear seedling yog ntsia, thiab lub keeb kwm evenly kis nyob rau qhov chaw siab tshaj ntawm no toj. 
Cov cog qoob loo ntxiv yog kom tsaug zog cog cov qhov dej ntxiv qhov seem ntawm cov as-ham sib xyaw nrog rau lub sij hawm maj mam tuav ntawm lub yub rau kev zoo dua ntawm txoj hauv paus. Cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm tsob ntoo yog zoo compacted, hauv paus caj dab yuav tsum 3-5 cm saum toj no cov av theem. 
Los ntawm sab qab teb sab ntawm lub yub lawv tsav ib lub peg thiab khi ib tsob ntoo rau nws raws li lub hauv paus "yim". Nyob ib ncig ntawm lub sapling nrog ib tug menyuam ntawm lub ntiaj teb no lawv xaiv qhov ze-barrage cheeb tsam, plentifully dej thiab mulch cov av nrog sawdust, bark los yog koob.
Tsaws qauv
Tus "Petrovskaya" pear planting scheme yog kwv yees li 4 x 3 meters, qhov chaw pub rau ib qho ntawm pear yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 12 sq.m. Cov kab siab tshaj yog cog raws li 6 x 5 m tswvyim, nrog thaj tsam ntawm 25 sq. seedling nrog ib tug zoo paus system.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Ntxiv freshure rau lub qhov cog yuav ua rau pear keeb kwm puas, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tiv thaiv tau nws cov kev taw qhia.
Nta ntsoov rau pear ntau yam "Petrovskaya"
Peter lub txiv pear yog yooj yim heev nyob rau hauv kev cog thiab kev saib xyuas ntxiv, dej, loosening, me nyuam yaus pub thiab sij hawm txhim kho thiab kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov ntoo ua raws li ntawm cov cultivation.
Kev tiv thaiv thiab kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam kab tsuag thiab kab mob
Raws li kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv thiab tiv thaiv cov pear los ntawm kab tsuag thiab kab mob, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov ceg ntoo kom zoo rau cov pa oxygen, tshem cov qoob loo ntxiv, lub ntiaj teb uas nyob ze yuav tsum tau ploj zuj zus, thaum cov ceg ntoo thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo raug kuaj, lawv raug txiav thiab kub hnyiab.
Ib tug zoo zoo on qhov tsis kam ntawm pear mus rau tus kab mob yog txau nrog 1% Bordeaux kua nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lig Autumn, thiab raws li whitewashing lub cev pob tw nrog ib tug daws ntawm txiv qaub.
Lub foliar dej ntawm pears nrog ib tug sib tov ntawm Ekoberin, Actofit thiab Baikal npaj muaj ib tug zoo siv on ntoo tiv thaiv thiab tiv thaiv tawm tsam fungal kab mob. 
Calypso muaj kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv kab tsuag, tsob ntoo uas nws tau kho yog ntau dua uas yuav cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam kab.
Cov feem ntau cov kab mob ntawm pears yog:
- scab - nws tshwm raws li ib tug xim av Bloom on nplooj, qhov cuam tshuam foliage ntog cia, Nitrafen paste pab
- dub fungus - pom los ntawm dub me ntsis rau ntawm nplooj thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tau tshem ntawm nws "Fitoverm"
- txiv hmab txiv ntoo lwj - nws yog manifested by me ntsis ntawm rot ntawm ib tug horn brownish, spores ntawm rot yog yooj yim pauv los ntawm huab cua, tau tshem ntawm rot los ntawm Txau ntoo nrog Bordeaux sib tov.
- powdery mildew - nws yog manifested los ntawm ib tug grayish Bloom on tag nrho hauv av qhov chaw ntawm pear, uas tom qab hloov mus rau dub dots, tau tshem ntawm tus kab mob "Fundazole"
- xeb - tus kab mob yog manifested by me ntsis rau ntawm nplooj, uas yog externally zoo li xeb, tau tshem ntawm xeb Bordeaux sib tov.
Siv dej, loosening thiab weeding
Watering ib tug tub ntxhais hluas seedling yog nqa tawm txhua txhua 7-10 hnub, rau ib tsob ntoo nws yog tsim nyog 10 liv dej sov. Nyob rau hauv qhuav lub caij, zaus ntawm dej nce.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kom muaj dej txaus thaum lub sijhawm pib ntawm nws cov paj thiab kom txog thaum kawg ntawm fruiting. Txij li thaum lub yim hli ntuj, watering yog nres rau tag nrho cov Autumn-lub caij ntuj no lub sij hawm.
Cov av nyob hauv tsob ntoo log yuav tsum tau muab xoob kom tsis tu ncua, yuav tsum tsis txhob pub dej qhuav tom qab tsob ntoo. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov nroj tsuag maj, tsob ntoo yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj tej nroj tsuag tshwj tsis yog pears thiaj li tsis txhob muaj qhov tsis muaj noo noo thiab kev muab kev pab cuam.
Koj puas paub? Cov ntoo pear muaj qhov ntxhib thiab zoo nkauj, tom qab raug kho nrog ntoo tsuas, nws zoo li ebony ntoo.
Fertilizer thiab tsob ntoo sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws
Cov dej tsis zoo uas cov txiv pear loj hlob yuav tsum muaj txhua xyoo, fertile yuav tsum tau ntxiv fertilization txhua txhua 3-4 xyoo. Los ntawm ob xyoo tom qab cog pears, koj muaj peev xwm pib thov fertilizer nyob rau ntawm tus nqi ntawm 8 kg ntawm humus, 20 g ntawm poov tshuaj, 10 g ntawm urea ib 1 square meter.
Chiv yog siv hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav los yog caij nplooj zeeg mus rau ib qho kev ua kom dhau los. Lub moat rau pub mis yog sau nrog lub ntiaj teb tov nrog pob zeb hauv av chiv, thiab organic fertilizer yog poured on to top rau zoo dua noj haus ntawm tsob ntoo nrog pab khoom.
Yuav ua li cas luas ib tug pear
Pear pruning yog tsim nyog rau crown tsim yam uas tsis muaj thickening thiab yam uas tsis muaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo-kev coj tus ceg. Thaum cog ib ob-xyoos-sapling, nws yog sai li sai tau txiav tawm, tawm txog plaub ceg pob txha uas loj hlob ntawm ib lub 45 ° ntawm lub pob tw.
Ceg ntoo ntawm cov pears yog luv los ntawm ib lub hlis twg ntawm ib theem saum toj av hauv av kom zoo ntxiv, qhov kev khiav tawm-tus neeg nqa khoom yuav tsum yog 20 cm siab dua. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, pruning ntawm parallel, ntev thiab ze loj hlob ceg yog nqa tawm, yog li tsim cov qauv crown.
Nws yog ntshaw kom ua tiav qhov txiav nrog ib lub vaj teb bar. Nyuaj, nkhaus thiab qhuav hlav tawm yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. Pruning yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib qhov nyiaj tsis tshaj tshaj li plaub lub hlis ntawm tag nrho cov ceg ntoo.
Thaum sau thiab yuav ua li cas khaws tus sau pear ntau yam "Petrovskaya"
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj hlob pear ntau yam "Peter" los nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-Lub yim hli ntuj, tiam sis ua tau deviations vim huab cua puag. Loj hlob ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav qhia rau koj txog lawv cov ripeness.
Pears yog zoo zoo khaws cai ntawm tsob ntoo uas tsis muaj tshaj-ripening, yam uas tsis xa poob rau 14-20 hnub. Cov cuab yeej no tso cai rau koj sau qeeb, xaiv qhov xav tau. Saj tsis deteriorate.
Koj puas paub? Ib hectare ntawm pear orchard tau tsim txog li 30 tons ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm pear "Petrovskaya" yog ntim rau hauv ob peb daim thiab khaws cia nyob rau hauv hnab yas nrog vents rau qhov cua hauv lub tub yees. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cellar cia yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv aerated thawv, uas yog ntsia rau ntawm txee nyob rau ntawm ib qhov siab ntawm tsawg kawg yog ib nrab ntawm ib lub meter los ntawm hauv av.Nws yog peev xwm khaws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv cov ntim nrog qhib rau cov huab cua; cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog muab tso rau hauv cov thawv ntim thiab sau nrog sawdust los yog npuas chips.
Yuav ua li cas npaj ib tug pear rau lub caij ntuj no
Pear "Petrovskaya" heev nyuaj, tab sis nws yog zoo dua yuav tsum tau muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab npaj tsob ntoo rau lub caij ntuj no. Rau qhov no, lub voj voog nyob ze-phom yog mulched nrog nees manure humus, thiab lub pob tw yog npog nrog cov ntaub npog uas tso cai rau huab cua kom dhau los. 
Yuav kom tiv thaiv tau cov tawv ntoo ntawm pears los ntawm cov rog thiab cov nas, kev siv ntawm ib daim phiaj los ntawm nas yog qhov pom zoo.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm pear "Petrovskaya"
Peter lub txiv pear tau ntev ntev paub txog nws cov virtues: qhov zoo ntawm lub caij ntuj sov ripening txiv hmab txiv ntoo, uas yog securely mounted rau ib tsob ntoo thiab tsis poob ua ntej sau, ntau yam yog skoroploden, heev resistant rau cov kab mob, tab sis muaj kuj disadvantages: tus sau yog li ob lub lis piam nyob rau hauv lub caij los nag txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov cua tsawg dua thiab ua dej ua kua, thickening lub crown ntawm tsob ntoo txo qhov loj ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo. 
Qhov zoo ntawm "Petrovskaya" pear, thiab cov tsos ntawm nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab lawv cov saj zoo, tau muab nws tsim nyog nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws tsev thiab tus kheej plots, thiab yooj yim saib xyuas ntawm tsob ntoo, uas txawm ib inexperienced gardener yuav muaj ib tug zoo nyob rau hauv xaiv nws seedling rau cog.
