Kev tu cov nroj tsuag hauv lub vev xaib yuav raug txo kom cov kev ua haujlwm li niaj zaus rau cov chaw ua si. Tab sis qee tus ntawm lawv tseem muaj teeb meem rau cov pib tshiab. Qhov no siv rau feem ntau rau kev ua thiab tshem tawm cov ceg ntoo. Xws li ua hauj lwm yuav tsum tau ib co kev paub, thiab nyob rau hauv kev txheeb xyuas no peb yuav saib xyuas li cas pruning gooseberry zoo nkaus li, thaum twg thiab yuav ua li cas nws ua kom raug.
Vim li cas gooseberries pruning
Nyob rau hauv dav dav, txhua leej txhua tus paub qhov lus teb: yog tias koj tsis ua raws li lub bushes, lawv yuav sai sai mus rau thickets. Tseeb, lub gooseberry tsim tawm ntau tua ib lub caij uas yuav tsum tau kom tau txiav txim.
Xyuas seb cov ntau yam ntawm gooseberry: "Commander", "Gingerbread Man".
Muaj lwm tus vim li casuas ua rau txoj kev ntxias no thiab tsim nyog:
- Heav overgrown bushes ua impenetrable mus rau lub teeb, uas tsim tag nrho cov kev mob rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov kab tsuag.
- Nrog ntom interlacing ntawm ceg, lub berries ua me.
- Qhov ntau ceg - lub nutrients tsawg dua txhua tua tau cais. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, tawm los txo.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Tej qhov nqaij ntuag tau ua rau sab hauv lub raum (nws nyob ntawm sab hauv ntawm ceg).
- Ntev ntev nrog ceg loj hlob tsuas yog poob rau hauv av thiab noj paus. Tom qab ib xyoos los yog ob xyoo, xws li "loj heev" ua rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab ua rau lwm cov qoob loo: cov kab tsuag khoob ntawm tua thiab nplooj.
Nyeem kuj ntxiv txog kev txiav cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, cherries, txiv pears, txiv apples, peaches, plums, apricots.
Thaum mus prune
Gooseberry pruning yog suav hais tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ua ntej lub caij vegetative pib. Kev tsim ntau "tsaug zog" ceg nyob rau thawj 10 xyoo ntawm lub Peb Hlis, koj yuav xyuas kom meej li qub kev loj hlob ntawm gooseberry thiab li "nteg" nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev ib tug zoo sau.
Tab sis muaj ib qho nyuaj: kua ntoo khiav pib heev thaum ntxov, cia nrog thawj lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav rays ntawm lub hnub. "Txais" lub sij hawm zoo thiab mus rau lub tsev nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm tsis tau rau txhua leej txhua tus, thiab nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub peb hlis ntuj - pib ntawm lub Plaub Hlis, cov tub ntxhais hluas nplooj twb pom. Yog li koj yuav tsum tos kom txog thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg. Nws yog ib qho tsis tsim nyog ua rau lub suab "nyob," nws ua rau cov nroj tsuag.
Koj puas paub? Nyob rau hauv Russia, gooseberries tau cultivated txij thaum lub xyoo pua 15th. Thiab nyob rau hauv XIX, txawv teb chaws ntau yam hloov lub zos ntau yam. - Cov feem ntau yog cov tsim tau British kab.Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, tsuas yog cais ceg txiav tawm, thiab ces yog hais tias lawv yog phem heev puas los yog muaj tus kab mob.
Qhov nrov tshaj plaws kev xaiv yog pruning nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub caij, uas yog nqa tawm tom qab nplooj ntoos caij nplooj ntoos zeeg. Qhov kev tshwm sim no tuaj yeem raug hu ua "sanitary sanitary": cov ceg ntoo uas tsim nyog yuav raug "raug" thiab tua tau ntau tshaj tawm. Ua ntej tshem cov kab rov tav thiab qub (lawv yuav luag dub nyob rau hauv cov xim).
Cov cuab yeej ua teb rau kev ua haujlwm
Nrhiav ib txhia qhov kev sib tw yooj yim: pruner thiab lopper. Lawv yooj yim, tab sis muaj qee cov nuances no. Piv txwv pruners tuaj nrog ib qho los yog ob chav hoov. Thawj yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws, zoo li txiab, khoom siv. Ib qho ntawm lawv tuaj ua hauj lwm yog ib qho kev nres, thaum ob - qhov txiav tawm ntug.
Txhua leej txhua tus paub tias nyuaj npaum li cas yog los txiav ib ceg haib nrog txiab. Rau cov hom phiaj zoo li no, siv lub cuab yeej ua ke nrog txoj kev ua hauj lwm uas tswj qhov chaw ntawm cov hniav thiab nws txoj kev kawm. Loppers tshem tawm tuab (3-5 cm) thorny ceg. Qhov tseeb, cov no yog tib lub secateurs, tab sis nrog ntev leeg. Nws yooj yim rau kev ua hauj lwm nrog lawv - tus tes tuav lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub zog thiab hloov tsheb zoo rau cov hniav, tiv thaiv cov tes kom tsis nkees.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Thaum yuav ib lub pruner, saib qhov tuab ntawm cov hniav thiab daim di ncauj. Yog hais tias lawv tau ua nyias, ces lub cuab tam tsuas yog haum rau txiav nyias ceg, thiab nws tsuas yog tsis paub tus txheej txheem loj.Nco ntsoov tias cov cuab yeej ob no tsis hloov, tab sis ua kom sib haum - qhov pruner zoo tagnrho rau "melee", thiab cov delimber ua tiav nrog cov ceg ntoo loj, uas thorny tabtom yuav ncav cuag.
Tseem muaj txhuam cutters, tiam sis nws muaj ib qho tsis muaj teeb meem: lawv "siv" ntau tshaj 25 hli, thiab cov qauv uas muaj ib lub voj voog kuj tseem tsawg dua. Nyob rau hauv peb cov ntaub ntawv, lawv yog cov tsim xwb rau cov tub ntxhais hluas bushes.
Ntsuas raws li nram no:
- high-quality sharpening, yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj tej chipping ntawm ntug;
- tsawg phaus;
- lub sijhawm los ua haujlwm nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo;
- xis tuav; cov khoom uas nws tau tsim tsis muaj dab tsi, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias nws yuav tsum muaj roj hmab ntaws uas thaiv kom tsis txhob xuas tes tawm;
- nqaim kawg uas tsis ua rau cov ceg uas nyob ib sab sab;
- kev nyab xeeb thiab kaj xim - xws li ib tug ntaus ntawv yog yooj yim mus nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv lub thickets.
Pruning gooseberry bushes nyob ntawm seb hnub nyoog
Tus nqi ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab nws tus cwj pwm yog kwv yees nrog ib lub qhov muag ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Rau ntau lub sij hawm, tsuas yog "lawv tus kheej" kev siv cov khoom ntim zoo, uas peb yuav tam sim no xav txog.
Bryzhevnye gooseberry ntau yam yog nrov heev.
Nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo
Txhua yam nws pib ua ntej tsaws. On ib tug hluas sapling shorten tag nrho cov tua. On muaj zog ceg tawm 3-4 buds los ntawm cov av theem, ntawm kev tsis muaj zog, 2 kuj muaj txaus lawm thiab nws tshwm sim vim qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb muaj kev puas tsuaj. Lawv tsis muaj lub zeem muag, xws li txiav tawm tam sim ntawd. Tab sis nws twb weakens ib me ntsis Bush. Qhov no pruning yog aimed ntawm noj kom zoo ntawm Bush thiab tsim ntawm yav tom ntej skeletal ceg.
Thaum lub sij hawm lub caij, lub keeb kwm yuav loj hlob zoo thiab repulse tshiab noj qab haus huv ceg. Autumn "kev cuam tshuam" nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo tom qab cog yog tsawg - tshawb xyuas seb tus ceg yog cov noj qab haus huv, thiab tawm 5-6 txhua xyoo tua rau wintering.
Koj puas paub? 100 g ntawm berries muaj tsuas yog 43 kcal. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj yuav luag tsis muaj proteins thiab nqaijrog (0.7 thiab 0.2 g, feem) - Ib qho zoo heev thiab "noj qab haus huv" khoom rau qhov poob phaus.
Nyob rau hauv ob xyoo
Thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, txog li 5 xoom qoob loo, cov no yuav tsum muaj kev noj qab nyob zoo, nyob hauv tus qauv zoo. Nyom ceg, tsis ncav 20 cm, txiav tawm kom meej. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb - me me nce ntxiv thaum lub sij hawm cog qoob muag tsuas yog overload as-ham rau lawv tus kheej, kev noj lawv kom deb ntawm cov tsim ntau dua.
Los tsim kho branching prune muaj zog ceg loj hlob vertically (kwv yees li ntawm 30 cm hauv av). Tib yam siv rau me ntsis tilted kev. Tab sis cov kab rov tav yuav raug muab tshem tawm yam tsis muaj kev khuv xim - tsis muaj lub caij yuav tsis pab nyob ntawm no.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, txiav yog kho nrog vaj twawb. Ntawm no yog ib qho ntawm cov recipes ntawm txias-resistant composition: cais rhuab 60 ml ntawm haus dej cawv thiab 0.5 kg ntawm ntoo cob yog tov los ntawm ntxiv 2 tbsp. l flaxseed roj. Khaws qhov sib tov zoo dua nyob rau hauv lub kaw lus qhib.Nrog rau no mus kom ze, 3 biennials thiab tib lub xov tooj ntawm cia siab txhua xyoo tua yuav tsim rau ib tug Bush nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg.
Rau 3-4 xyoo
Qhov no yog lub sij hawm ntawm kev loj hlob sai.
Hauv xyoo thib 3, tag nrho qaug zog thiab horizontally runnings raug tshem tawm. Yog hais tias muaj kev loj hlob tsis zoo thiab tsis tshuav nqi, cov seem ntawm "rov qab", shortened los ntawm 12-15 cm. Los ntawm kawg ntawm peb lub caij rau ib tug noj qab haus huv Bush muaj yuav tsum muaj 12-18 ceg ntawm txawv hnub nyoog. Qhov no yog lub ntsiab "pob txha" ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
On thib 4 xyoo tom qab cog, lub gooseberry yog suav hais tias twb tsim, thiab pruning ua ntau sim. Nws tawm los rau kev tshem tawm ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas tua, nrog rau cov uas tau pib los ntawm hauv paus ntseg tsho. Txav mus rau lub caij ntuj no, lub Bush yuav siv sij hawm rau ib tus zoo nkauj tsa ceg.
5 thiab ntau xyoo
"Cov Tswb Xyoo" yog lub ncov ntawm cov qoob loo, thaum muaj txog 30 ceg ntoo sib txawv. Nrog xws li ib tug load lub Bush yog twb nyuaj rau leg.
Ntawm no tseem ceeb rejuvenation. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, lub bushes yog thinned, tshem tag nrho cov nyias twigs thiab tawm tsuas muaj zog hov. Muaj lwm, ntau txoj kev radical heev rau "muaj hnub nyoog-txheeb" plantations: lawv tawm xwb 5 ntawm feem ntau haib ceg, tshem tag nrho lwm tus. Nrog rau tej yam kev kho mob, xws li bushes yuav rov qab ua dua ib zaug.
Tom qab rejuvenating pruning, tsis txhob maj mus muab pov tawm txiav txiav ceg, nrog kev pab los ntawm lawv koj yuav multiply gooseberries.
Koj puas paub? Gooseberries ze li 40 xyoo sim mus hla nrog dub currants. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, tus German ntau yam "Yoshta" tau tshwm sim. Nws tuaj rau lub USSR xyoo 1980 thiab tau txais kev pom zoo tam sim ntawd.Tsis txhob hnov qab txog kev tiv thaiv: thaum lub caij ntuj sov, yog tias pom tus ceg los yog tus neeg muaj mob, nws yuav tsum tau muab lub zog kom zoo dua lossis yuav tsum "rhuav tshem" (nyob rau hauv cov plaub hau).
Raws li koj tau pom, cov hauj lwm piav saum toj no yog ua tiav thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav. Tsis muaj tsawg tseem ceeb yog Autumn pruning ntawm gooseberry. Ntawm no yog nws cov kev cai yooj yim:
- Tshaj lub pobzeb. Gooseberry, tau txais lub teeb nyob rau hauv abundance, muab loj thiab six berries. Lingering nrog thinning, koj yuav raug "khiav" powdery mildew nyob rau bushes.
- Trimming yog ua tiav hauv qab. Nws yog los ntawm no qhov chaw uas laus tua raug txiav (tshaj li 5 xyoos). Yog hais tias Bush zoo li "plucked", tsis txhob ntshai - nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav nws yuav rov loj hlob.
- On qub plantations cov tub ntxhais hluas tua raug muab tshem tawm. Ntau ntawm lawv yuav ua rau lawv "infertility" los yog cov tsos ntawm cov me me berries.
- Ntsuab saum yog txiav tawm. Lawv tsis txawj kis tau lub caij ntuj no.
Trimming gooseberry Bush khiav
Gardeners feem ntau tso tseg cov ua ntawm tsis raug txiav ntoo. Tau, thiab lub sijhawm yog txawv - piv txwv li, rau 1-2 xyoo ntawm tus tswv tsev, cov txheeb ze tsis them mloog rau gooseberry, thiab nws yog thickened meej.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Gooseberry muaj peev xwm crumble vim muaj mob. Feem ntau feem ntau nws yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm powdery mildew. Yog hais tias tsis muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov nplooj hauv cov nplooj, saib cov hauv daim hlau. - muaj tej zaum yuav larvae ntawm malicious moths."Resuscitation" ntawm xws li cov nroj tsuag yog txo mus rau nram qab no ua hauj lwm:
- Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, tab txawm ua ntej pib ntawm lub caij loj hlob, tag nrho cov qaug zog, muaj mob, tawg thiab tsawg-ceg ntoo raug muab tshem tawm. Lawv tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thickened lub hauv paus ntawm Bush, nyob qhov twg lub tua yog zoo li txhuam. Ntawm tag nrho cov no loj, peb yuav tawm 5-6 muaj zog "annuals".
- Yog hais tias tus cawm pib nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, sim tshem tawm txawm tshaj plaws "hnub nyoog" ceg ua ntej Frost. Lawv yuav tsaus dua li tus so thiab tshem tawm ntawm lub hauv paus. Qhov no saib xyuas qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshiab tua nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
- Nco ntsoov ntxuav cov ceg ntoo qhuav.
Uas tsis yog-tus qauv ntawm kev tsim ib Bush
Peb twb paub li cas tus qauv (aka "classic") pruning yog nqa tawm. Tab sis muaj lwm hom kev tsim uas tsim nyog hais txog.
Tapestry
Rau loj hlob vigorous ntau yam nrog ib tug loj pes tsawg tus tua yog npaj trellis. Nov yog qhov sib lawv liag ntawm qhov txheej txheem xws li:
- Seedlings raug muab tso tawm raws li lub scheme: 1.5 m ntawm kab thiab 60-70 cm ntawm bushes.
- Nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov kab nrog ib qho luv muab tso rau (tubes, tuab rods los yog ceg ntoo). Hauv 3 natwm rub lub xaim. Thawj kab - 50 cm los ntawm hauv av, tus so - 80 cm thiab 1 m.
- Muaj zog cov ceg raug khi rau cov kab tiav (txog li 5 npaug), tswj lub caij nyoog ntawm 20-25 cm.
- Lub txhua xyoo pruning los mus tshem tawm cov tswv yim ntawm xyoo tas los tus tua los ntawm 1/3 (tsawg zaus - los ntawm ib nrab). Cia tawm 4-5 raws caij nyoog, tsis txhob muab thawv tawm.
- Raws li kev laus ua rejuvenation ntawm Bush.
Koj puas paub? Cov pob txha siv los hu ua kryzhami los sis cov vev xaib xwb. Hauv qee thaj tsam, xws li cov npe tau hnov tam sim no.
Stambov
Nyob rau hauv ib lub nutshell, qhov no yog ib txoj kev ntawm xa ib tug txiv hmab txiv ntoo mus rau hauv ib tsob ntoo. Cov hauj lwm no kuj ua haujlwm zoo, tab sis nws tsim nyog rau nws: qhov kev txhawj xeeb zoo dua, nws yooj yim dua sau, thiab kev kho mob yooj yim dua - koj tsis tas yuav nrog cov prickles txhua zaus.
Lub tswv yim ntawm xws li cultivation yog raws li nram no:
- Nyob ntawm Bush yog xaiv feem ntau haib ntsug tua, uas yuav yog "pob tw".
- Mus nqa shtamb qhov siab siab. Feem ntau nws yog 1 m. Nws nce mus txog qib no tias tag nrho cov ceg ntoo qis dua ntawm lub cev. Qee leej muab qhwv nws nrog ib lub thev duab los yog ntxig rau ib lub raj uas tsis xa tawm qhov teeb meem - qhov no yuav tshem tawm qhov kev xav tau ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub hauv paus.
- Cov nroj tsuag yog tam sim ntawd khi rau ib tug peg.
- Hauv cov xyoo tom ntej no, 4-5 muaj zog "seasonally" ceg sab laug, thaum txiav xyoo dhau los ntawm ib nrab. Cov neeg mob uas muaj kab rov tav, tawg, lossis laus (7 xyoo lossis ntau dua) raug tshem tawm. Tib yam siv rau kev tua uas tshwm nyob ntawm lub hauv paus.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Rau kev tiv thaiv, lub bushes yog pub: ua ntej lub buds yog lawb tawm, 30 g ntawm urea ib square Meter yog thov. m. Nws muaj peev xwm raug hloov los ntawm ammonium nitrate (25 g).
Peb twb paub txog qhov zoo ntawm hom no, tab sis nws kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo. Thawj yog lub hnub nyoog ntawm xws li ib tug "ntoo": ib tug tua yog npaum li cas, thiab nws yog kev laus, thiab 12 xyoos rau lub qia shrub yog cov kev txwv. Peb ntxiv no thiab tej teeb meem thaum lub sij hawm wintering - tsuas yog frost-resistant ntau yam uas haum. Zoo, qhov nqi zog yog ib qho me ntsis siab dua: koj yuav tsum "kho" lub pegs thiab ob peb zaug hauv lub caij nyoog.
Koj pom yuav ua li cas ua hauj lwm nrog gooseberries, thiaj li hais tias nws yog qhov pleasing rau lub qhov muag thiab muab zoo harvests. Tam sim no pruning tsis sawv cev rau tej daim card rau peb nyeem. Cov kev vam meej hauv lub teb chaws!
