Fertilizer

Kev siv cov poov tshuaj chloride chiv hauv lub vaj

Rau qhov qub kev loj hlob ntawm tej nroj tsuag, peb muab kev pab cuam tsim nyog: nitrogen, phosphorus thiab poov tshuaj. Nitrogen txhawb rau lawv txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob, phosphorus accelerates txoj kev loj hlob, thiab potassium yuav pab teb cov qoob loo kom kov yeej kev ntxhov siab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov nyom tej yam mob, kom tiv nrog kab mob, kom coj cov qoob loo zoo thiab ntev cia. Cov poov tshuaj-muaj chiv muaj xws li potassium sulfate, tshauv, poov tshuaj ntsev thiab potassium chloride. Nyob rau tom kawg thiab yuav tsum tau sib tham nyob hauv tsab xov xwm no.

Kev piav qhia thiab cov roj ntsha physico-chemical ntawm cov tshuaj chloride

Cov tshuaj qej chloride yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm me me cubic grey-dawb iav los yog ib tug liab hmoov tsis muaj tsw nrog ib tug salty saj.

Raws li ib yam tshuaj lom neeg inorganic muaj mis formula KCl (potassium ntsev ntawm hydrochloric acid). Molar mass - 74.55 g / mol, ceev - 1988 g / cu. saib

Ib me ntsis soluble nyob rau hauv dej: nyob rau hauv 100 ml nrog zero kub - 28,1 g; ntawm +20 ° C - 34 g; ntawm +100 ° C - 56.7 g. Cov kua dej muaj zog nyob rau ntawm qhov kub ntawm 108.56 ° C. Melting thiab boiling xyum tshwm sim tsis muaj kev lwj siab. Kev siv hauv kev ua liaj ua teb, potassium chloride granulated, ntxhib thiab nplua nplua nuj yog tsim. Granulated yog cov xim ntawm cov xim dawb uas muaj xim tis los yog xim liab-xim liab. Coarse-crystalline - muaj zog loj ntawm cov xim dawb-grey, me me - muaj me me lossis cov nplej.

Hauv kev ua liaj ua teb, nws nyiam siv cov potassium chloride hauv cov granules thiab cov nplaum loj, vim nws muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no tias lawv muaj cov nyhuv ntev dua, dissolve qeeb qeeb thiab ntxuav ntawm cov sediments.

Nyob ntawm tus qauv siv los ua chiv, nws yuav muaj los ntawm 52 mus rau 99% ntawm cov poov tshuaj.

Koj puas paub? Ntxiv nrog rau kev ua liaj ua teb, KCl yog siv hauv kev lag luam ua noj. Nws muaj lub npe hu ua cov khoom noj khoom haus E508. Cov tshuaj qej chloride kuj muaj feem xyuam rau ntau yam lag luam thiab hauv chaw muag tshuaj, uas nws tau ua rau cov hmoov ntawv. Hauv ntau lub tebchaws Asmeskas, cov neeg raug kaw hauv nws tau muab nws tua lub txim tuag.

Cov cim qhia ntawm deficiency thiab tshaj ntawm potassium nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag

Peb xav kom to taub vim li cas peb xav tau cov tshuaj hu ua potassium chloride. Nws muaj cov nram qab no zoo:

  • nce qhov kev tiv thaiv thiab tsis kam ntawm cov nroj tsuag mus rau drought, kub hloov, kub tsawg;
  • nce ntxiv tiv thaiv rau ntau cov kab mob: powdery mildew, rot, xeb;
  • kev ntxiv dag zog thiab sib zog ntawm cov stems, kev tsim tawm ntawm lawv tsis kam mus rau qhov chaw nyob;
  • fruiting zoo dua tawm los - loj, saj thiab xim;
  • stimulation ntawm noob germination;
  • nce lub txee lub neej ntawm zaub, berries, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nplej.
Fertilizing nrog poov tshuaj chloride plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb rau lub caij ntuj no.

Qhov nruab nrab, cov khoom ua liaj ua teb noj poov tshuaj nyob rau hauv xws li:

  • grain - 60-80 kg ib 1 his;
  • zaub - 180-400 kg ib 1 his.
Nyob rau hauv cov xwm, poov tshuaj yog pom tsuas yog nyob rau hauv sib txuas nrog lwm lub ntsiab. Nyob rau hauv ntau yam xau, nws cov ntsiab lus txawv ntawm 0.5 mus rau 3%, nyob ntawm nws cov neeg kho tshuab muaj pes tsawg leeg. Feem ntau ntawm nws yog nyob rau hauv av nplaum, thiab lub poorest xau yog cov poorest.

Koj puas paub? Poov tshuaj yog zoo tshaj plaws absorbed by av acidity ntawm 5.5.-7 pH.
Qhov tseeb tias cov nroj tsuag tsis muaj lub npe no yuav qhia los ntawm cov tsos mob nram qab no:

  • nplooj yog dull, daj ntseg, nrog xiav, feem ntau bronze tint;
  • lub teeb yuag nyob ib ncig ntawm daim ntawv, uas tom qab hloov xim av thiab ua rau lub nruab (thaj chaw hlawv);
  • xim av ntawm cov nplooj;
  • curling tus npoo ntawm cov ntawv txheeb;
  • nyias qia thiab tua;
  • hlob hlob ntawm tag nrho cov nroj tsuag;
  • tsis muaj flowering los yog ejection ntawm me me buds;
  • kev loj hlob ntawm cov kauj ruam;
  • qhov tsos ntawm chlorotic me ntsis rau ntawm qis nplooj thiab interstitial chlorosis;
  • kev loj hlob ntawm fungal kab mob.
Cov yam ntxwv cwj pwm ntawm cov potassium deficiency feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub caij loj hlob thiab thaum lub sij hawm muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Ib tug tsis muaj poov tshuaj yog ib txwm nrog nws los ntawm ib tug nitrogen deficiency.

Nitrogen - lub ntsiab lub ntsiab ntawm cov nroj tsuag lub neej, nws cuam tshuam qhov kev loj hlob thiab metabolism ntawm cov qoob loo. Los txhim kho qhov tawm los ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas siv nitrogen chiv: urea, ammonium nitrate, poov tshuaj nitrate.

Lub nroj tsuag yuav teeb liab ib qho kev tshaj ntawm potash chiv nrog cov nram qab no hloov:

  • qeeb qeeb thiab kev loj hlob;
  • tso me me yoojyim tawm;
  • darkening ntawm qub nplooj;
  • qhov tsos ntawm xim av me ntsis rau ntawm qis nplooj;
  • lub extinction ntawm qhov xaus ntawm lub keeb kwm.
Phaus dej ua rau ua rau lub fact tias cov nroj tsuag tsis muaj peev xwm nqus lwm cov tshuaj ntxhua khaub ncaws, nyob hauv cov paj xyaw, boron, magnesium, thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj qeeb ntawm cov khoom ntawm nitrogen. Potassium glut yuav ua rau cov nroj tsuag tuag.

Daim ntawv thov ntawm potassium chloride nyob hauv kev ua liaj / teb

Cov tshuaj yaj yeeb chloride tau pom daim ntawv thov nyob hauv kev ua liaj ua teb thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Nws yog siv raws li lub ntsiab fertilizer, nkag mus rau hauv thaj av rau plowing thiab rau cultivation (on teeb xau). Nws tseem yog ib feem ntawm qhov ua chiv.

Kalii chloridum yog kev tso cai siv rau txhua hom av. Nws yog zoo yaj nyob rau hauv ib tug av daws.

Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yuav tsum poob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg. Nyob rau hauv Tej zaum, pre-sowing yog nqa tawm, thiab thaum lub sij hawm loj hlob rau lub caij, los ntawm Lub rau hli ntuj mus rau Lub yim hli ntuj, raws li ib tug to top hnav khaub ncaws. Daim ntawv thov yuav tsum tau nqa tom qab hnyav dej los nag. Muaj ntau cov nroj tsuag tuaj yeem tsis teb rau qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj hu ua potassium chloride, txij li chlorine muaj nyob rau hauv lub fertilizer. Chlorophobic kab lis kev cai muaj xws li:

  • qos yaj ywm;
  • txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
  • luam yeeb;
  • Berry bushes;
  • legumes.
Lawv ua tsis zoo rau potash tshuaj nrog no fertilizer, txo cov tawm los. Tab sis tib lub sij hawm lawv tsis muaj peev xwm tsim feem ntau tsis muaj poov tshuaj. Yuav kom txo tau qhov tsis zoo ntawm KCl rau cov kab lis kev cai no yuav pab kho cov tshuaj noj, cov sijhawm thiab cov qauv ntawm daim ntawv thov.

Ib lub sij hawm ntawm hnyav dej nag, uas yuav ntxuav chlorine los ntawm txheej sab saum toj ntawm av, thaum cov kua qaub nyob hauv nws, tuaj yeem ua kom raug mob ntawm chlorine.

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los mus thov fertilizer rau chlorophobic mus kuaj nyob rau hauv Autumn. Ua ntej lub sij hawm cog, chlorine yuav twb tau ntxuav tawm hauv av. Txwv tsis pub, potash tshuaj yuav tsum tau ua nrog chiv uas tsis muaj chlorine, piv txwv li, potassium sulfate los yog potassium magnesia.
Cov nroj tsuag uas tsis tshua muaj chlorine muaj xws li beets (ob yam qab zib thiab fodder), sunflower, pob kws thiab ntau cov zaub.

Qhov feem ntau undemanding rau potash pub yog cereals, legumes, cereals.

Cov kua tshuaj chloride chiv ntawv cov nqi

Raws li peb twb tau sau, lub ntsiab daim ntawv thov ntawm fertilizer yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv kev khawb. Cov qauv qhia - 100-200 g ib 10 square metres. m) Thaum ua lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav yuav tsum txo kom tsawg txog 25-20 g ib 10 square metres. m

Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws thaum lub sij hawm zuj zus rau lub caij no yog siv los ntawm kev tov tshuaj. Fertilizer yog yooj yim los npaj, raws li nws feem ntau dissolves tau yooj yim nyob rau hauv dej. Hauv 10 l ntawm dej yog diluted nrog 30 mg ntawm Kalii chloridum. Kev paub gardeners thiab gardeners xav pub nyob rau hauv me me qhov ntau ntawm ob peb zaug ib lub caij tshaj ib zaug, tab sis nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau. Tom ntej no, peb muab cov sijhawm teev tseg thiab cov ntawv thov rau cov tshuaj rau txawv haiv neeg:

  • qos yaj ywm - ib zaug nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg, 100 g / 10 sq. m;
  • txiv lws suav - ib zaug nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg, 100 g / 10 sq. m (caij nplooj ntoos hlav pub nrog poov tshuaj sulfate);
  • cucumbers - ob zaug thaum lub sij hawm loj hlob rau lub caij nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev cog khoom, peb mus rau tsib zaug nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av, 0.5 l ib nroj;

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yuav kom tsis txhob ua mob lub cucumbers, koj yuav tsum pre-pub ob peb bushes. Yog tias tom qab ob peb hnub tsis pom muaj kev txawv txav, thiab cov nroj tsuag mob tau zoo lawm, kev pub mis ntxiv yuav nqa tawm mus rau tag nrho cov dib qoob..
  • Phaus dej chloride grapes tsis fertilized, vim yog ib yam ntawm cov khoom xyaw dhia - chlorine - yuav ua rau deterioration ntawm cov nroj tsuag; potassium sulphate yog siv rau kab lis kev cai no;
  • txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo - thaum lub sij hawm fruiting lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm watering, 150 g rau ib tsob ntoo.

Kalii chloridum kuj yog tsim rau fertilizing paj cov qoob loo. Cov ntsiab lus thiab cov ntsiab lus pom zoo muaj raws li nram no:

  • bulbous - nyob rau hauv lub flowering theem, 20 g / 10 l;
  • me me-dos - nyob rau hauv lub flowering theem, 10 g / 10 l;
  • ob-xyoos thiab ib xyoos-peb zaug: nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm kev loj hlob (10 g / 10 l), nyob rau hauv lub budding theem (15 g / 10 l), thaum lub sij hawm flowering (15 g / 10 l);
  • curly - lub sij hawm ntawm kev loj hlob, budding, flowering, 20 g / 10 l;
  • Roses - ob zaug thaum lub sij hawm kev loj hlob, 20 g / 10 l;
  • peonies - thaum lub sij hawm flowering, 10 g / 10 l;
  • gladioli - nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm qhov tsos ntawm nplooj ntawv thib peb thiab thib tsib nplooj ntawm 15 g / 10 l; nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm tsim ntawm peduncle - 20 g / 10 l.

Cov kev tiv thaiv thaum ua haujlwm

Raws li tau teev nyob rau hauv cov thawv ntim cov tshuaj hu ua potassium chloride, chiv hais txog kev pheej hmoo hnyav (qib 3). Nws tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau daim tawv nqaij thaum raug txhaj tshuaj, tab sis nws irritates twb twb muaj qhov txhab thiab o tuaj. Yog li, nws pom zoo, yog tias muaj ib yam hauv lub cev, hnav ib ce tiv thaiv ua ntej yuav pib ua haujlwm ntawm kev pub mis.

Cov tshuaj tsis txaus ntshai yog tias tso tawm rau hauv cov huab cua ntawm cov khoom siv tau. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj hlab ntsws yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv los ntawm ib lub khwb qhov ncauj, thiab qhov muag - khi lub khoob khoob. Nws yog txwv tsis pub siv cov txiv qaub ntsuab, chalk lossis dolomite hmoov ib txhij nrog cov kua tshuaj chloride. Fertilizer tsis siv rau combustible thiab tawg, thiab nrog rau cov khoom ua rau corrosion.

Cia tej yam kev mob

Raws li lub khw muag khoom cov lus qhia, lub chiv yuav tsum muab sab hauv tsev nrog qis qis, qhov twg nag lossis dej hauv av yuav tsum tsis txhob poob.

Nws yog ua tau cia nyob rau hauv qhib, tab sis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ib tug canopy, nyob rau hauv zoo-kaw ntim los yog nyob rau hauv hnab ntawm polyethylene.

Lub neej txawb pom zoo yog 6 lub hlis. Tom qab tas sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm no, cov khoom tsis poob nws cov khoom siv tshuaj. Cov kev hloov yuav cuam tshuam tsuas yog qhov pom thiab qhov kev sib tw ntawm kev ruaj ntseg.

Nyob rau hauv xaus, peb nco ntsoov tias poov tshuaj chloride yog cov feem ntau cov chiv hauv kev ua liaj / teb. Rau nws nyiaj pab yuav tsum muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov cev, kev yooj yim ntawm kev siv thiab kev pov hwm los ntawm cov nroj tsuag.

Yuav tsis zoo - fertilizer tsis haum rau tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov qoob loo nroj tsuag, txij li ntawm cov ntsiab lus chlorine adversely cuam tshuam lawv txoj kev loj hlob. Kalii tshuaj dawb siv tau los ua kev ywj pheej, thiab hauv cov khoom siv nrog nitrogen, phosphorus thiab lwm cov chiv. Thaum ua tiav nws cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws yog yuav tsum tau yog tias koj pub me me rau ntau tshaj ib zaug los yog ob zaug loj dua.