Thaum saib cov xim zoo nkauj pleev ntawm phab ntsa, txoj kev taug kev thiab laj kab, nws yog qhov nyuaj rau xav tias lawv txhua tus tau ua los ntawm cov khoom qub li qub - pob zeb ua. Tab sis niaj hnub cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, tsis zoo li lawv cov "poj koob yawm txwv", paub rau nws qhov tsis txaus ntseeg npub grey tsos, muaj kev ua kom zoo nkauj tshwj xeeb. Ua tsaug rau nws lub peev xwm tam sim no, cov pob zeb ua kom zoo nkauj tau siv dav tsis yog hauv kev tsim kho, tab sis kuj siv hauv toj roob hauv pes tsim.
Thawj thawj zaug, cov pob zeb ua kom zoo nkauj tau siv los ntawm cov neeg Asmeskas hauv 60s thaum ntxov ntawm lub xyoo pua xyoo kawg hauv kev tsim kho cov kab khiav ntawm cov tub rog huab cua. Lawv tau ntsib txoj haujlwm ntawm kev tsim cov khoom tsim ua lub tsev uas ua tiav ua ke ob qho kev ua tau zoo thiab zoo nkauj. Cov khoom siv, uas muaj cov cement, dej, sib sau ua ke, pleev xim thiab ntxiv rau, ua kom tiav cov kev xav tau no thiab yog li ntawd tau siv dav hauv ntau qhov kev lag luam.
Ua tsaug rau cov kev siv zog ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom niaj hnub no, cov pob zeb ua kom zoo nkauj muaj ntau tus cwj pwm tsis kam lees, qhov tseem ceeb yog:
- Kev tawm tsam los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom siv roj av, tshuaj lom neeg thiab txhoj puab heev;
- Lub peev xwm tiv taus lub nra (2-3 zaug ntau tshaj li qhov nias paving slabs);
- UV ruaj khov thiab muaj peev xwm tiv nrog txog 300 tawm lub cev khov;
- Lub peev xwm tiv taus kev hloov kub hauv thaj tsam li ntawm -40 ° C txog + 40 ° C;
- Ruam tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj thiab kho tshuab kev ntxhov siab.
Siv cov pob zeb uas tau nias, tsis tshua muaj xim zoo nkauj tseem tau tsim tau. Cov tshuaj ntxiv tshwj xeeb uas yog ib feem ntawm cov khoom pab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob txeem thiab tawg ntawm lub ntsej muag.
Tsis zoo li cov pob zeb ua ke, cov cuab yeej thev naus laus zis uas yog txo kom zoo li qub, cov pob zeb ua kom zoo nkauj cuam tshuam nrog ua ib qho qauv rau saum txheej tom qab qhov kawg nchuav.
Ntau yam tuag thiab lwm yam cuab yeej tshwj xeeb tau siv los kho qhov chaw saum npoo. Stencils, pwm rau sandblasting thiab etching tshuaj tso cai rau koj los tsim cov nyom zoo nkauj, thiab cov kab nyias ua los ntawm saws nrog pob zeb diamond hniav tuaj yeem muab kev nthuav qhia thiab pom tseeb rau daim duab.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj li thov siv qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb no hauv kev tsim qauv xaib
Kev siv cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub rau kev tsim cov av pob zeb, cov chaw tsim khoom tsim cov khoom siv uas muaj peev xwm los tsim cov nyhuv tsis yog tsuas yog cov pob zeb ntuj, tab sis kuj tseem ntoo, av cib, cov vuas dai kom zoo nkauj thiab lwm cov txheej txheej nyem.
Cov pob zeb ua ke no tsim nyog tsis yog rau kev npaj cov chaw thiab txoj kev. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov laj kab thiab kev tsim cov qauv me me.
Hniav qhob laj kab laj kab tuaj yeem muaj txhua qhov chaw, pib los ntawm ib txwm cib thiab pob zeb, thiab xaus nrog qhov qog ntawm Parthenon bas-reliefs.
Cov pob zeb ua ntawm pob zeb ua kom zoo nkauj zoo nkauj li cov laj kab ntawm arbors thiab verandas, txhawb rau kev tsheb nqaj hlau. Kev kho siab khiab ntawm cov ntoo siab me, kev ua kom pob zeb ua vaj tsev nyob ua ke, thiab cov paj ntxhais tuaj yeem ua rau pom kev zoo nkauj ntawm lub vaj. Tus ciav dej stucco uas ua los ntawm pob zeb yuav ua kom pom tseeb.
Lub rooj zaum hauv lub vaj hauv cov pob zeb ua tiav yog qee yam ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev. Ua raws li cov qauv ntawm kev ua tiav, lawv tuaj yeem yooj yim rau hauv cov qauv toj roob hauv pes, ua ib qho muaj kuab heev ntxiv rau hauv lub xaib.
Cov ntau yam ntawm cov khoom siv kawg
Peb qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov pob zeb ua kom zoo nkauj tau txawv nyob ntawm cov kev xaiv rau lub Cheebtsam ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov ua haujlwm uas nws tsim tau.
Xob qhob
Cov xim ntau xim xim siv hauv kev tsim cov pob zeb ua kom zoo nkauj, muaj ntau tshaj nees nkaum ntxoov.
Yuav kom tau txais cov xim qhob, cov tuam ntxhab siv cov xim muaj xim tshwj xeeb, uas, ua tsaug rau tshwj xeeb ua kom tawv tawv, tuaj yeem tswj cov xim xim ceev txawm nyob hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm ib puag ncig tsis zoo. Feem ntau, cov pigments no yog oxides thiab ntsev ntawm cov hlau ntau. Piv txwv, kom muab cov pob zeb ua ntsuab greenish zas, chromium oxide ntxiv, liab ntxiv - hlau oxide, thiab violet - manganese oxide.
Imitation ntuj zeb
Siv cov txheej txheem tsim cov pob zeb diamond tsim tshiab, cov tuam ntxhab tuaj yeem tsim cov pob zeb ua pob zeb, uas tsim cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua tiav nrog cov nplaim dej ua los ntawm cov khoom ntuj tsim tso tawm ntau pua xyoo dhau los.
Qhov qog yog li ntseeg tau hais tias txawm nrog kev soj ntsuam kom zoo ib txwm tsis muaj peev xwm txiav txim siab tias nws yog lub pob zeb ntuj los yog nws yog qhov uas tau ua los ntawm nws.
Embossed Coatings
Hniav pob zeb nrog kev nthuav qhia tus qauv yog tsim los ntawm kev ntxiv ntxhib ntxoo rau cov lus sib xyaw. Cov nyhuv xav tau yog ua tiav los ntawm kev ua kom pom cov nplej uas tuaj rau saum npoo tom qab tshem tawm nrog cov cuab yeej lossis kev daws teeb meem tshwj xeeb ntawm txheej sab saud.
Thaum tsim pob zeb ua ke nrog cov qauv nyem, kev sib xyaw ntawm cov pob zeb tsoo, granite, anthracite, limestone thiab basalt siv. Cov chaw zoo nkauj tau txais los siv cov duab ntxoo, xim liab thiab paj yeeb.
Tus kheej tsim pob zeb ua kev
Pob zeb ua kom zoo nkauj yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau kev npaj taug kev thiab dai vaj. Nrog cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo, nws yog tshwj xeeb kom zoo nkauj. Ntxiv rau, cov pob zeb ua txheej yog yooj yim rau kev ntxuav, thiab nws tiv taus ob qho roj thiab roj. Platforms thiab alleys nrog xws li ib txheej tsis tas yuav nruab ciam teb, yog li koj tuaj yeem txuag me ntsis ntawm kev tsim kho.
Yog tias qhov xav tau, cov pob zeb ua kom zoo nkauj tuaj yeem ua nrog koj tus kheej tes. Cov khoom sib xyaw qhuav thiab daim foos rau nws qhov kev npaj muaj peev xwm yuav tau hauv txhua lub khw muag khoom kho vajtse.
Qhov kev xaiv tsim nyob ntawm koj nyiam. Ntawm kev muag koj tuaj yeem nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv yas lossis silicone, suav nrog kev sib txuas ntawm rhombuses thiab plaub fab, kos duab "kiv cua", "exec", "tsiaj tawv", "pob tawb nws".
Cov thev naus laus zis rau kev tsim cov nyem ntu suav nrog ntau theem:
- Kev npaj hauv pausCov. Thaum ua lub vaj txoj hauv kev hauv qhov chaw cim, txheej av ntawm 10 cm tob yog tshem tawm, daim ntawv foos yog nteg thiab txheej txheej rubble yog nchuav.
- Yooj yim to taubCov. On ib leveled saum npoo kis cement mortar thiab tus.
- Daim ntawv thov ntawm cov xim tawv tawvCov. Txhawm rau muab qhov saum npoo ntawm qhov xav tau ntxoov ntxoo, qhov kev daws teeb meem yog txau nrog cov zas qhuav qhuav los yog kho nrog cov xim ua kom zoo nkauj, uas ntxiv rau cov xim pleev xim rau suav nrog lub granite lossis quartz sand muab tub.
- Pwm niasCov. Ntawm daim tawv nqaij, tab sis tsis tag khov, muab cov ntawv, ze ze nias lawv mus rau txhua lwm yam. Txhawm rau kom pom tseeb ntawm cov qauv, cov ntawv hom tawv me ntsis tamped. Koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab npaj tau rau stamping pob zeb sib tov los ntawm kov nws nrog koj tus ntiv tes. Qhov sib tov yog npaj tau yog tias nws tsis ncav rau nws.
- Txheej ntxuavCov. Tom qab sawv ntsug rau 2-3 hnub, lawv ntxuav saum npoo ntawm pob zeb nrog ib tus txhuam noo noo hauv kev daws nrog hydrochloric acid. Tom qab cov txheej saum toj kawg nkaus tau qhuav tag, ib qho kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv yog siv uas tiv thaiv qhov evaporation ntawm ya raws ntawm saum npoo av.
Hauv cov chaw uas muaj kev tawg zoo, nthuav cov pob qij txha yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm kev ua lawv ntawm qhov kev ncua deb ntawm 6 metres los ntawm txhua lwm qhov thiab sau cov voids nrog qhov tsis muaj xim tsis zoo.
Txhawm rau txhawm rau txuas lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm pob zeb ua kev txhim kho thiab txhim kho kom zoo nkauj zoo nkauj ntawm cov khoom, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los kho lub nplaim nrog cov tshwj xeeb impregnating compound tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv.
Cov pob zeb ua kom zoo nkauj tuaj yeem siv tau hauv 10-15 hnub. Qhov tsim nyog, nws yog ntshaw kom kho cov qhob saum npoo nrog hydrophobizing kev daws teeb meem txhua xyoo.