Qhov no tsab xov xwm yuav sib tham pear ntau yam. "Nyiam Yakovlev". Koj yuav pom tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog uas yuav pab tau koj cog thiab cog ntoo txiv ntoo.
Pear "Favorite Yakovlev", cov lus qhia dav dav
Ua ntej cog pears "Nyiam Yakovlev" koj yuav tsum tau nyeem ib nyuag lus piav qhia ntawm ntau yam thiab tau txais kev paub nrog cov keeb kwm tseeb nthuav.
Qhov no ntau yam raug bred raws ntawm ntau yam Daughters Blancova thiab Bergamot. Ntau yam yog hu ua nws qhov kev paub - P. N. Yakovlev. Tom qab yug me nyuam, nws tau hlob ntawm ib qho kev lag luam. Lub "Favorite Yakovlev" yog muab faib rau hauv Central, Central Black ntiaj teb thiab Nruab Nrab Volga.
Koj puas paub? Lo lus "pear" nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv sau yog pom los ntawm XIV xyoo pua hauv daim ntawv ntawm "pear". Hauv Xya xyoo pua, tsis yog "pear" tau siv lo lus "dula" - qhov qub ntawm lus Polish.
Tsis tas li ntawd, hom pear no zoo heev rau kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub suburbs.
Tsob ntoo hlob sai sai, muaj pyramidal crown puab, los ntawm cov ceg ntev ntawm ib qho ntawm 90˚. Lub bark ntawm pear yog grey. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj hlob medium, du rau qhov kov. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm ripening muaj ib tug greenish-daj tsos nqaij daim tawv. (thaum neeg kom loj hlob - Golden daj nrog ib tug me ntsis tan). Txiv hmab txiv ntoo pulp muaj quince tsw, nruab nrab ceev thiab cov pob zeb loj loj.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo pear "Favorite Yakovlev" tsim los rau kev siv dav thiab muaj 8.2% ntawm suab thaj thiab 8.4 mg ntawm ascorbic acid. Xav txog qhov zoo thiab tsis zoo ntawm ntau yam ntawm no.
Qhov zoo yog:
- siab lub caij ntuj no hardiness;
- zoo tawm los;
- zoo heev saj.
- ntxhib cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- qhov muaj cov pob zeb hauv cov pob zeb hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- qis self-fertility (nyob rau hauv lub luag hauj lwm ntawm pollinator siv "Duchess lub caij ntuj sov").
Yog li, pear ntau yam "Pet Yakovlev" muaj loj heev aboveground lub cev, muaj zog ncaj ceg, muab ib tug kuj zoo kawg thiab sau (li ntawm 20-25 kg ntawm ib tsob ntoo), uas rov mus rau thaum pib ntawm lub Cuaj Hli.
Pear cog tshuab
Peb tau soj ntsuam qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm pear ntau yam "nyiam Yakovlev", tam sim no cia peb tham txog cog thiab loj hlob.
Txiav txim siab rau lo lus nug yuav ua li cas cog ib tug pear "nyiam Yakovlev", yuav tsum nyeem cov cai yooj yim. Ib qho tsis tsim nyog pear yuav muab qoob loo me me los yog tsis muab rau nws txhua. Tsuas daig tuaj yeem tawg paj, cov av qis yuav ua rau lwj, thiab tsis muaj lub teeb yuav ua rau muaj kab mob.
Tsaws yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav (nyob rau hauv lub yim hli ntuj) los yog lub caij nplooj zeeg (hauv Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj). Cov av yuav tsum muaj kua zoo thiab fertility. Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yuav teeb loamy xau.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yog hais tias lub seedling yog cog nyob rau hauv av nplaum av, ces nws yuav tsum tau ua ntej yuav fertilized nrog peat, ntxiv dej xuab zeb los txhim kho kua. Cov kev ua no yog muab los ntawm nws tus kheej ntawm preplant supplementation.
Xaiv qhov chaw tsaws chaw
Ua kom cov nroj tsuag zoo nyiam qhov chaw koj yuav tsum xaiv lub hnub ci, kev tiv thaiv los ntawm sab qaum teb cua. Koj tuaj yeem cog tsob ntoo ntawm sab qab teb, tom qab tsev. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm saib xyuas ntawm qhov tsim nyog deb, tsis li tsob ntoo yuav lwj lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev.
Kuj them nyiaj rau av uas yuav tsum tsis txhob pw ze rau ntawm qhov chaw. Cov av nyob rau ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm cog yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav waterlogged, heev acidic los yog alkaline.. Xaiv subacid xau nrog lub peev xwm ntawm humus qab ntug ntawm 20 cm los yog ntau dua.
Tsaws qauv
Ua ntej cog, muaj ib lub qhov taub tawm ntawm 70 cm thiab ib qhov tob ntawm 1 m. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub seedling yuav tsum faus rau hauv av ncaj qha mus txog hauv paus ntseg tsho (yog li ntawd, kho qhov tob ntawm pit nyob ntawm lub seedling lub paus system). Raslub sawv nruab nrab ntawm cov nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv kab yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 5 m, qhov deb ntawm kab yuav tsum 6 meters. Nyob rau hauv qab ntawm qhov qhov ncuav ncuav 5 kg ntawm humus los yog compost, 5-6 kg ntawm River xuab zeb (coarse), 15 g ntawm superphosphate thiab 350-400 g ntawm dolomite hmoov.
Peb cog tsob ntoo thiab teem lub pob peg (yog li ntawd cov tub ntxhais hluas lub cev tsis pib khoov thiab deform). Thaum cog, siv fertile av. Tom qab cov lus saum toj no, tus pear yog poured on 30 liv dej.
Qhov no yog qhov chaw uas pears cog. Yog hais tias tsob ntoo tsis zoo txais, siv dej sov rau dej.
Yuav ua li cas dej ib pear
Thaum cog cov pears ntawm "Favorite Yakovlev" hauv kuv lub vaj, nws tseem ceeb heev kom paub yuav ua li cas dej tsob nroj.
Sapling xav tau ntau tshaj watering thaum lub caij cog qoob. Qhov no ntau yam nyiam lub method ntawm rain irrigation (thaum noo noo tau txais ntawm tag nrho lub cev aboveground, thiab tsuas yog ces los mus rau lub keeb kwm). Muab qhov loj ntawm ib tsob ntoo laus, nws yog ib qhov tsis yooj yim sua kom muaj xws li watering, yog li ntawd, ib tug ntiav ditch nrog ib lub cheeb ntawm 10-15 cm loj tshaj lub cheeb ntawm lub pob tw yog dug ib ncig ntawm lub nroj. Nyob rau hauv lub moat koj yuav tsum tau ncuav nyob rau hauv thaum sawv ntxov los yog tom qab hnub poob tsawg kawg 25 liv dej.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Tus laus dua tsob ntoo, ntau cov dej siv rau kev ywg dej (ib tsob ntoo muaj hnub nyoog 7 xyoo yuav tsum tau siv 30-33 litres dej).
Fertilizer pear "Nyiam Yakovlev"
Nyob rau hauv thawj 3 xyoos, tus hluas ntoo yuav tsum tau nitrogen chiv (50 kg ib 1 his). Ib nrab ua ntej flowering, thiab ib nrab - ob lub lim tiam tom qab flowering.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Yog hais tias tsob ntoo hlob tsis zoo, lub zog ntawm nitrogen chiv yuav tau nce.
Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, watering lub pears yog ua ke nrog dressings. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm fertilizer siv organic infusions, pob zeb hauv av chiv, humus los yog compost.
Ua kom txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo dua khi, chiv muaj boron siv tau. Nqa lawv ib zaug ua ntej flowering los yog hauv nruab nrab ntawm nws. Yog hais tias tus kab uas tsis txawj tiv thaiv kab mob tseem tseem khov, ces cov ntaub qhwv nrog 0.5% kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog ua tiav nyob rau hauv ntau theem: thawj - 2 lub lis piam tom qab flowering, ob - ib lub lim tiam tom qab thawj zaug.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Cov ntoo qub qub txawv txav txawv rau fertilizing. Yog hais tias koj tsis txaus siab nrog sau, nws yog zoo dua los ua ib tug rejuvenating pruning tshaj li "pub" tsob ntoo nrog humus thiab minerals.
Cov cai tswj kev ua pear "Pet Yakovlev"
Ob peb gardeners paub tias qhov tseeb pruning ntawm ib tsob ntoo muaj peev xwm tawm ntau ntau tshaj kilograms ntawm fertilizer thov. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, pruning tsis tsuas rejuvenation thiab qhov tseeb tsim ntawm ib tsob ntoo, tab sis kuj tshem tawm ntawm qhuav, mob thiab puas ceg uas cuam tshuam nrog cov nroj tsuag.
Pear Pruning
Lub trimming ntawm ib tug neeg laus zoo li tus ntoo muaj nyob rau hauv rejuvenation ntawm ceg, tshem tawm ntawm mob thiab qhuav tua, zoo li hauv residual crown tsim.
Rau plaub thiab tom qab lub xyoo, lub crown ntawm pear yog khaws cia nyob rau hauv loj, uas yog txiav txim los ntawm cog system.
Thaum pruning qhuav thiab diseased ceg, ib txhia qub tua, uas muaj tsis muaj inflorescences, raug tshem tawm. Qhov tshuav ceg yog me me luv me ntsis. Qhov no yog ua kom txo tau txoj kev loj hlob thiab nce ntawm tsim tshiab buds.
Thaum pruning yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov ceg ntoo uas ua txhaum qhov "system" dav dav. Lub crown xav tau tsim ua sparsely-tiered thiaj li hais tias lub ntom ntawm ceg ua rau nws yooj yim mus sau. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, qhov tsawg theem ntawm tua yuav tsum ntev tshaj li nruab nrab thiab Upper.
Koj puas paub? Gardeners tau tuaj nrog ib tug graft pear nyob rau hauv lub rowan. Vim li ntawd, lub hybrid muab ua ntau unpretentious, tab sis lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis ua li ntawd Sweet thiab muaj kua, thiab saj ntawm pears muab ib tug hint ntawm rowan.
Pruning seedlings
Yuav kom loj hlob ib tug zoo nkauj fertile pear, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los nqa tawm qhov tseeb pruning ntawm ib sapling thiab ib tug hluas ntoo. Thaum cog, tag nrho cov yub yog shortened by 1/3 ntawm tag nrho ntev. Qhov no yog ua kom paub tseeb tias tsob ntoo muaj ntau qhov kev koom ua ke thiab kev koom ua ke. Tom ntej no pear pruning yog nqa tawm ib xyoo tom qab cog, nyob rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj. Tshem tawm cov saum toj kawg nkaus tua, txo qhov siab ntawm tsob ntoo mus rau 90 cm.
Nyob rau hauv ob xyoo, tag nrho cov txo ceg yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm mus rau ib qhov siab ntawm 0.5 m, lub "neeg xyuas pib" yog txiav mus rau 35-40 cm los ntawm Upper sab tua ntawm qis theem.
Nyob rau hauv peb lub xyoo nyob rau hauv kab rov tav ceg tawm weaker tua uas yuav dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo (txog li 30 cm ntev). Muaj zog hlav ntawm qhov ntev dua yog txiav, tawm ob peb qhov muag ntawm lub hauv paus.
Nws tseem ceeb heev!"Nyuaj Yakovleva "yuav tsum tau khoov rov qab tua cov kab mus rau ib txoj hauv kev thaum lub ceg tau ntev li ntawm 15 cm, lawv khoov duav rov qab siv prishchepy Cov hauj lwm no yog ua tiav thaum lub Tsib Hlis thiab Lub Rau Hli.
Harvesting thiab khaws cia txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Thaum pib ntawm tsab xov xwm peb tau sau txog tshem tawm thiab neeg siv khoom noj.
Sau kom loj hlob yog qhov degree ntawm ripeness ntawm uas koj xav kom tshem tawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau cia los yog muag. Semi ripened txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripen sab hauv tsev, thiab lawv tsis muaj qhov txawv los ntawm ripened ntawm tsob ntoo. Qhov no pub rau koj kom ntev lub txee lub neej ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog tsis mus rau lub detriment ntawm nws saj.
Neeg loj hlob - txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj hlob tuaj ntawm tsob ntoo uas muaj zoo saj, tab sis tsis persist rau ntau tshaj li 2-3 lub lis piam txawm nyob rau hauv ib qhov chaw txias.
Yog li ntawd, txoj kev txiav tawm yog kwv yees li ntawm qhov siv. Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yuav tsum sau 85-90% ntawm greenish-yellow fruit thiab cia lawv rau ripening thiab ntxiv cia, thiab so rau siv rau cov khoom noj tom qab tag nrho ripening rau ntawm tsob ntoo.
Thaum thawj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo poob lawm, qhov yuav tsum saib xyuas txhua hnub. Mus sau pears siv hnab nrog ib tug detachable qab.
Thaum lub sij hawm harvesting, koj yuav tsum tau txheeb lub pears, Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tshem tawm cov kab ua lwj, raug ntau los yog piam.
Tu yog nqa tawm tsuas yog nyob rau hauv qhuav huab cua, thaum tsis muaj noo noo nyob rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Tom qab harvesting, koj yuav tsum tau tshem tag nrho cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo rotten los ntawm tsob ntoo thiaj li hais tias pear tsis ntaus tus kab mob.
Koj puas paub? Thaum Columbus nqa luam yeeb los rau Tebchaws Europe, cov neeg nyob hauv lub teb chaws tuaj yeem haus cov nplooj ntawm ntau yam nroj tsuag, nrog rau pears. Cov nplooj ntawm tsob ntoo no tau nyiam tshaj plaws.Tam sim no koj puas paub pear "Favorite Yakovlev" thiab tsis tau tsuas yog ntawm kuv tus kheej ua cov ntoo cog tab sis kuj ua raws li cov cai ntawm kev cog nroj tsuag, kom nws noj qab nyob zoo thiab tau txais ib qho kev zoo. Qhov no yog qhov zoo ntau yam ntawm pears, uas yuav tsum tau kev hlub thiab kev kho mob ntawm lawv cov tswv, muab rov qab tuaj thiab noj qab nyob zoo txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
