Muaj ntau tus gardeners thiab cov neeg uas muaj ntiag tug thaj av, yug tsiaj nyob hauv tsev.
Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib qho txaus forage puag mus rau hauv cov tsiaj husbandry tsis yog nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov nyuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim cov kev pab ntawm xws li ib txoj hauj lwm yog ntau heev.
Koj tsis tau tsuas yog noj dawb, tab sis koj paub txhua yam txog nws keeb kwm.
Lawm, qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws los mus nrog noog, vim hais tias thiab pub lawv pheej yig, lawv tsis xav tau tshwj xeeb cov vaj tse rau tsev, thiab koj tuaj yeem tsuas tuaj yeem lawv loj hlob los ntawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav mus rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, thiab xyoo tom ntej koj tuaj yeem muas tshiab cov me nyuam qaib.
Niaj hnub no peb xav tham txog qhov yug ntawm ducks hu ua Mulard, qhov kev tshem tawm uas yuav tuaj yeem nqa nyiaj ntau thiab cov txiaj ntsig.
Mulard ducks: peb loj hlob rau cov nqaij, tab sis tsis rau cov xeeb ntxwv
Qhov no yug ntawm ducks tsis ntev dhau los tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub lag luam noog. Cov noog no yog attracted los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias lawv muaj ib tug dub chaw rau lawv taub hau.
Tsis tas li, ntau tus neeg hu lawv "mulatto" rau qhov kev kos npe no, vim hais tias lawv lub cev tseem dawb. Mulardy yog hybrids, vim hais tias lawv tsis tau txais nyob rau hauv ib txoj hauv kev, tab sis los ntawm kev hla ntau hom ducks.
Hauv qhov no, peb tham txog kev hla tus nutmeg duck, uas koj zaum hnov ntau yam txog, txij thaum lawv tau nquag nrog cov niaj hnub Peking duck.
Mus ntxiv rau koj Mulard yug, tsis txhob hnov qab hais qhov "broiler" ducks ntawm no yug.
Nyob rau hauv cultivation, lawv yog universal tiag tiag: lawv muaj peev xwm yuav bred nyob rau hauv tsev rau cov kev xav tau ntawm ib tsev neeg, thiab kuj siv rau kev pub mis ntawm poultry thiab ntxiv muag ntawm nws cov nqaij.
Qhov caveat xwb - "broilers" muaj nuj nqis me ntsis zoo dua li cov nqaij npuav tib si, tab sis qhov tshwm sim siab dua.
Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov chaw yug ntawm no yog hybrid Fabkis, qhov chaw cog neeg ntxias tiag tiag sim lawv qhov zoo tshaj plaws, cog cov tshiab yug nrog exclusively zoo qualities, xa yuav luag txhua tus shortcomings ntawm thawj os npaws.
Yog li, paub cov lus nrog Mulard yug yuav pib los ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm nws cov ntawv cog lus.
Nta tsiaj ntawm ducks siv rau yug Mulardov
Ua ntej tshaj plaws nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov qe menyuam yaus tau piav txog ntau yam txawv.
Yog li, yog tias cov dus ducks yog ib yam xwm yeem thiab tidiness, rau qhov uas muaj nuj nqis ntau rau lawv, ces Peking ducks yog cov lus rov qab - lawv tsis nrov nrov, lawv cov plaub yog tas li lo av thiab tsis nyob huv huv. Txawm hais tias nws tsis yog tus yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm tus yug, nws tseem feem ntau plays lub luag hauj lwm tseem ceeb.
Peb xav hais tias koj paub koj tus kheej nrog lwm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov yug kab mob ntawm cov lus hauv qab no.
Nqaij zoo thiab yam ntxwv
Muskard Duck: Qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog siab heev, muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo tshaj plaws, muaj ntau cov as-ham uas zoo rau tib neeg.
Peking Duck: Feem ntau, cov nqaij muaj zoo zoo, tab sis ntau yam tsis pom zoo rau cov nqaij cultivation. Nrog tshaj pub, cov tsiaj ntawv tsis yog ib qho nqaij, tiam sis muaj roj ntau, tom qab uas lawv poob lawv cov tseem ceeb.
Ntsuas qhov hnyav nce
Muscovy os: Thaum pib, tus yug muaj ib qhov hnyav, nws tseem muaj peev xwm ua rau nws tsis muaj nqi.
Peking Duck: Tau nyhav heev, yog tus tau zus hauv no.
Pib qai tso
Muscovy os: Hnub nyoog 8-9 lub hlis. Qe-laying kav li 3-4 lub hlis, tom qab uas tus noog pib molt. Thaum pib ntawm lub sijhawm, lub voj voog tseem rov qab los.
Peking Duck: Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 29-30 lub lis piam, uas yog, ntawm 7-7.5 lub hlis. Hauv kev sib deev maturation, no yug yog ua ntej ntawm lwm tus. Kev tsim tau ntawm ib xyoos ntawm tus tuag lub neej yog kwv yees li ntawm 7 lub hlis.
Nyob qhov hnyav
Muskard os: Cov pojniam kwv yees txog 2.5 kilograms, thiab caug tuaj yeem ncav cuag 5.
Peking Duck: Duck 3 kilograms, drake - 3.5. Qhov hnyav ntawm 8 hli ducklings ranges ntawm 1.8 mus rau 2.2 kilograms.
Raws li ib tug ntawm cov xaiv ntawm ob piav qhia breeds, nws yog ua tau mus rau ob leeg ntxiv tag nrho cov shortcomings nrog kev pab los ntawm cov zoo tshaj plaws zoo tshaj plaws. Yog li, luv luv piav txog Mulard duck, nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias lawv yog tus neeg siab zoo, muaj cov nqaij zoo zoo, nce qhov hnyav thiab zoo heev hauv kev tso.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo ntawm cov yug los yog paub meej txog cov ducks Mulard
Thawj zaug ntawm tag nrho cov, koj yuav tsum them sai sai rau lub cev tsis zoo ntawm ducks ntawm no yug. Txawm nrog tsis zoo tshaj plaws lawv muaj mob tsawg heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov Mularda yog cov txawv los ntawm ib qho chaw muaj zog heev, lawv cov musculature yog tsis mob heev (nws tsis yog tias tsis muaj dab tsi uas yug tus me nyuam yog meaty).
"Qoob loo" muaj ntau qhov zoo ntawm qhov kev poob cev qhev no, rau qhov kev ua txhaum ntawm kev raug txim yog qhov tsis tag, vim hais tias lawv yuav muaj peev xwm hloov tau rau ib qho twg.
Qhov loj tshaj plaws thiab kev hwm ntawm Moulard broilers yog lub peev xwm los mus yoojyim kub ncos thiab poob. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, cov noog yuav zoo sib xws nce nyhav, tsis hais txog kev noj haus cov cwj pwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim lawv tsis mus dhau ntawm txhua yam.
Qhov zoo ntawm qhov yug yog tsis tsuas zoo ntawm lub resulting nqaij, tab sis kuj duck daim siab. Nws yog ntseeg tias lub siab ntawm tus piav breed yog zoo tshaj plaws haum rau qhuav ntawm foie gras. Muab kev pabcuam rau qhov no, tsis yog nws qhov muag thiab qhov loj, tabsis qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev noj haus.
Ntawm lwm tus zoo siab Mulard ducks yuav tsum raug hu ua:
- Qhov huv huv uas yug tus tsiaj yug los ntawm musk ducks. Yog li, txawm nyob hauv neeg laus, cov ducks yuav siv tau rau kev muag khoom, lawv down thiab plaub yuav siv tau rau industrial cov hom phiaj.
- Lub siab tus cwj pwm ntawm cov ducks, uas rov tau txais los ntawm musk ducks. Qhov cwj pwm no tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv kev yug me nyuam ntawm cov noog, vim lawv tsis hnov nrov nrov, thiab lawv yuav tsis rush ib ncig ntawm qhov chaw (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias lawv xa cov cev dej).
- Thaum ntxov kom loj hlob, uas yog, qhov pib ntawm qe-tso rau hauv pojniam. Nyob rau hauv no yug, nws pib ntawm 180-210 ib hnub twg. Tus poj niam nteg qe ntau lub qe, tab sis lawv tsis fertilized.
- Cov nqaij zoo. Peb twb tau hais tias lub suab qus ntawm cov ducks siv rau kev yug me nyuam Moulards yog ib qho zoo heev ntawm cov nqaij, uas cov tsiaj yug los ntawm cov tsiaj yug los kuj tau txais.
Txawm li cas los, nws yog precisely rau cov nqaij ntawm cov poj niam uas feem ntau tsa, tab sis, txiv neej yog tsa ceg rau daim siab ntawm lub siab thiab foie gras. Tom qab tag nrho, qhov ceeb thawj ntawm daim siab ntawm ib tug drake yuav ua tau 500-550 grams.
- Expansion nyob rau hauv yug me nyuam thiab cultivation. Tus essence ntawm no taw tes yog dab tsi peb twb hais ib me ntsis saum toj no, namely, nyob rau hauv lub unpretentiousness ntawm piav cov ducks mus rau cov khoom noj, lawv adaptability mus rau kub thiab ib tug zoo cev.
Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab txog cov khoom lag luam siab ntawm Mulard ducks, vim lawv tsis tsuas yog muab cov txiaj ntsim loj, tab sis kuj muab lawv cov tswv muaj qe thiab daim siab mob siab.
Cov kev tsis zoo uas yuav ntsib nrog thaum yug me nyuam thiab loj hlob ducks Mulard
Cov ducks no muaj kev nqhis, thiab muab ntau cov nqaij, thiab lawv muaj lub siab zoo, thiab lawv yuav muab koj nrog lub qe, tab sis kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo rau qhov no.
Qhov tseeb yog tias hybrid ducks moladr tsis muaj peev xwm los txhawb nqa cov offspring. Txawm hais tias cov qe uas lawv tsim yog tsis zoo kiag li rau yug me nyuam ducklings, vim lawv unfertilized.
Yog li, nws yog feem ntau tsim nyog yuav tsum tau tas li yuav tshiab ducklings thiaj li nce qaib rau cov nqaij. Tab sis tseem nws tsis tas yuav tsim nyog ua qhov no, thiab feem ntau, vim tias nws tseem ua tau kom ua tiav ib qho tshiab ntawm Mulardov.
Nws kuj yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias xws li ib yam qe li Mulard tsis muaj nyob rau hauv qhov, txij li nws cov breeds breeds nyob rau hauv ntau heev ntau yam, thiab lawv tsuas yog hla tau artificially.
Nyob rau hauv particular, txij li breeders bred no yug ntawm musk thiab Peking ducks, yog hais tias koj ua tus txiv neej ntawm thawj yug nyob rau hauv tsev thiab tus poj niam ntawm lub thib ob (zoo, los yog lwm versa, tab sis muaj ib co nuances ntawm no), ces nws yog qhov tseeb kom tau txais cov offspring ntawm lub yug koj xav tau.
Tau kawg, xws li lub tsev hybridization tsis yog ib txwm muaj peev xwm muab 100% cov txiaj ntsig, vim hais tias, tom qab tag nrho, koj yuav tsum nrog cov noob caj noob ces unpredictable, tab sis feem ntau txawm tias txoj kev no ua kom zoo heev thiab raug.
Tab sis txawm nyob ntawm no muaj qee cov nuances: cov musk tsoob drake yog qhov nyuaj rau quab yuam kom fertilize ib tug poj niam los ntawm ib tug yug lwm yam tshaj li nws tus kheej. Ua kom muaj qhov no tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum tau ua ntse heev, muab nws tso rau hauv tag nrho cov Peking pojniam thiab sib cais los ntawm lwm tus neeg thiab ntawm koj tus kheej yug. Tab sis txawm nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov feem pua ntawm fertilized yuav txog 70%.
Nyob rau hauv tsev, nws yog ntau dua kom muaj ib tug peking os, thiab musk pojniam. Mating nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yuav zoo dua, tab sis cov offspring yuav inherit lub peev xwm los mus dhia nyhav los ntawm leej niam thiab yuav tsis haum koj nrog nqaij ntau.
Yog li, lub Moulards tau txais hauv tsev yuav tsis txawv nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov yam ntxwv ntawm lawv cov yug. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias muaj kev vam meej, koj tuaj yeem muag cov ducklings, uas yog cov khoom muaj nqis heev.
Lwm cov nta ntawm yug thiab nws cov yam ntxwv txawv
Yog tias koj tau txiav txim siab pib nce Mulard ducks, koj yuav tsum tau paub txog koj tus kheej nrog lawv cov lus piav qhia sab nraud.
Hauv feem ntau, qhov no yog ib qho paj ntoo uas muaj xim kab dawb thiab muaj xim dub me me ntawm lub taub hau.
Txawm li cas los xij, lo lus tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv kab lus dhau los yog tib co kab lus "hybrid form", uas feem ntau yog muab ntau yam sib txawv ntawm cov noog xim. Yog li, yog tias koj tau txais dub los yog xim av ducklings tom tsev yug me nyuam ntawm Peking thiab musk ducks, tsis txhob maj maj kom npau taws, lawv tuaj yeem pom cov txiaj ntsig zoo nrog kev loj hlob ntxiv.
Dab tsi yog qhov tsim tau ntawm duck Mulard? Ib me ntsis txog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.
Lawm, qhov chaw ua qoob loo ntawm cov noog feem ntau yog siv lawv cov nqaij. Thaum tus Mulardes, qhov no kuj yog ntuj vim hais tias tus yug yog raws nraim tib yam li cov nqaij, vim nws muaj peev xwm sawv ntsug ntawm ib qho chaw zoo nyob.
Yog li, hauv cov neeg laus, qhov nyhav ntawm qhov dav hlau pib ntawm 6 mus rau 7 kilograms, thiab cov pojniam ntawm 5.5 mus rau 6.5 kilograms. Ib qho loj heev zoo kuj yog qhov tseeb tias txawm 7-10 lub lis piam laus cov hluas tau nce sai heev txawm tias tsis pub ntau heev, thiab lawv qhov hnyav nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog xws li yog li ntawm 1.3 rau 1.5 kilograms.
Lub qe yields ntawm cov ducks kuj tseem heev. Ib qho hnoos nyob rau hauv ib lub caij muaj peev xwm tsim tau txog 250-270 unfertilized qe, uas zoo heev rau kev ua noj. Cov pojniam pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo twb nyob hauv 180-210 hnub ntawm lawv lub neej.
Nws tseem yog nyiam kom nyeem txog cov nqaij thiab qe breeds ntawm chickens.
Peb tau koom rau hauv nteg Miladr ducks: yuav ua li cas muab cov noog nrog cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws?
Txawm hais tias qhov no ntawm cov ducks tsis yog xam cov capricious, nws tseem ceeb heev rau nws los muab cov xwm txheej zoo rau kev nyhav. Thaum tsuas yog me me ducks yug, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas quav nyab los yog straw hauj lwm raws li ib lub khib rau lawv, tab sis nyob rau hauv tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau pom siv tau.
Yog vim li cas rau qhov no lies nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb hais tias lub sawdust yog heev mob saturated noo noo thiab dries rau ib ntev lub sij hawm thaum piv rau quav nyab. Thiab txij li thaum noo noo yog lub ntsiab qhov chaw ntawm lub neej rau ducks, sawdust yuav ntub txhua lub sij hawm thiab tej zaum yuav ua rau tuag ntawm ib feem ntawm cov offspring.
Nyob rau hauv view ntawm lub yav tas, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tsis pub no noog ntawm nws cov vaj tse, uas yog, cwj pwm rau nws, uas yog, ntawm cov dej lub cev.
Yog li, yog tias koj yuav loj hlob ducks, xav ua ntej ua li cas ua nws tsawg kawg yog artificially. Tom qab tag nrho, txawm ducklings ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm 30 hnub yog qhov tseem ceeb. lossi taug kev nyob ze dejuas yog ib yam khoom noj tseem ceeb rau cov nqaij qaib no.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lwm txoj cai tseem ceeb yog tias nws yog qhov zoo dua kom lawv sib cais los ntawm lwm cov noog, yog li ntawd lawv loj tuaj thiab noj zoo dua.
Dab tsi thiab heev npaum li cas koj yuav tsum tau noj cov Mulardov: tsim kom tau cov zaub mov noj
Yog hais tias koj tsis tau me me ducklings ntawm kev ua lag luam, tab sis txiav txim siab yuav qe ntawm no yug, ces koj yuav tsum tau paub yuav ua li cas pub lawv los ntawm lub sij hawm lawv hatch los ntawm lub qe.
Thawj zaug ntawm tag nrho cov, lawv yuav tsum tau qaug dej qaug cawv, siv rau lub hom phiaj no yog ib qho uas tsis muaj zog ntawm cov kua qaug tshuaj (cov concentration siab yuav ua rau cov noog). Tsis tas li ntawd, los ntawm thawj hnub lawv yuav tsum tau muab boiled porridge tov nrog boiled qe. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub sib xws ntawm porridge yuav tsum yog heev kua, thiaj li hais tias ducklings tau noo noo los ntawm lawv cov zaub mov.
Nws tseem ceeb heev kom nco ntsoov tias ducks ntawm no yug pib pub rau lawv tus kheej tsuas yog los ntawm peb hnub ntawm lawv lub neej, thaum lawv tuaj yeem tsis raug xa mus rau khoom noj khoom haus. Tsuas yog - tom qab qee lub sijhawm koj tuaj yeem pib ntxiv tws zaub rau lub mash.
Thiab tam sim no, pib los ntawm ob lub lim tiam ntawm lawv lub neej, qhov kev noj haus yuav diluted nrog boiled qos yaj ywm.
Nrog ntxiv pub ntawm cov ducks, peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab txog cov tshuaj ntxhia cov khoom uas yuav pab txhawb tsis zoo rau kev loj hlob zoo, tab sis kuj mus rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov noog. Hauv particular, nws yuav yog:
- Mel;
- Seashells;
- Eggshell.
Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev pub ducklings yog los muab lawv nrog dej, uas lawv yog heev fond ntawm nyob rau hauv lawv cov xwm duck. Hauv no regard, nws yog tsim nyog yuav tsum attentive mus rau lub fullness ntawm haus dej thiab tas li ncuav dej huv rau lawv.
Thiab ntawm chav kawm, hais tias nws yog ib qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom xa lawv mus rau lub reservoirs, thiaj li hais tias lawv tus kheej muab tsis tsuas dej, tab sis kuj tseem pab duckweed rau lawv. Yog tias tsis muaj chaw nyob hauv cheeb tsam, ces tus duckweed tseem yuav tsum tau muab pov rau hauv lub troughs.
Teeb pom kev thaum yug me nyuam ducklings: yog vim li cas thiab rau ntev npaum li cas?
Muab ducklings nrog teeb pom kev zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb, vim hais tias qhov no yuav ua kom lawv hloov mus rau lwm cov neeg mob. Nyob rau hauv kev, tam sim ntawd tom qab yug me nyuam ntawm lawv xav tau nyob ib ncig ntawm lub teeb.
Thaum me ntsis ducklings loj hlob me ntsis, pib noj ntau dua thiab txav ntau dawb, koj tuaj yeem txo qhov tsawg ntawm lub teeb me ntsis, nrog rau nws tsuas yog 15-17 teev hauv ib hnub.
Dab tsi kub ua noog?
Tom qab yug me nyuam ntawm ducklings, lawv kuj yuav tsum tau ntau ntawm tshav kub, vim hais tias nyob rau ntawm tsawg kub lawv yuav tuag. Yog tias lawv raug tshem tawm hauv kev siv lub cev, tom qab thaum koj mus pw tsaug zog koj yuav tsum tuav lub ntsuas kub ntawm 28 mus rau 30 ° C, tab sis nyob ntawm lub sijhawm li niaj zaus thaum lawv coj tus cwj pwm, tsis txhob qis dua 23 ° C.
Tom qab tag nrho, nrog lub ntuj zoo li ducklings, lawv niam muab lawv nrog warmth, thiab nyob rau hauv xws li khoom neeg tsim, koj yuav tsum hloov lub hom phiaj no lub luag hauj lwm rau koj lub xub pwg nyom.
Thaum twg muaj hnub nyoog zoo li cas?
Nws ntseeg tias Mulardov zoo tshaj plaws pub rau nqaij ntawm 2 los yog 3 lub hlis uas muaj hnub nyoog. Yog tias koj muab cov khoom noj zoo rau lawv, los ntawm lub sij hawm no lawv yuav ncav cuag cov yeeb yam zoo ntawm qhov hnyav, thiab cov nqaij yuav ua tau heev.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas nyob rau hauv lub caij nyoog ntawm cov hnub uas qhia nws tsis tau pom zoo kom tua cov noog, uas yog kev cob cog rua nrog cov txheej txheem ntawm txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev muaj puberty.
