Txawm tias cov koob meej ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab thiab lawv daim ntawv cog lus, ntau tus tseem nyob siab ncaj nraim rau lawv tus qub tastes thiab tau cog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo lawm ntau xyoo.
Xws li cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo-growers tsis nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov ntshai ntawm kev saib xyuas ntawm kev saib xyuas thiab muaj peev xwm muaj peev xwm ntawm cov Bush, txij li thaum lub sij hawm kom tau txais tsis tshua muaj siab berries ntawm no kab lis kev cai yog ib tug loj incentive rau lawv.
Qhov no cov txiv hmab yog "Lady Fingers" ntau yam, uas peb yuav qhia rau koj hauv tsab xov xwm hauv qab no.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, peb lub hom phiaj yuav tsis yog los qhia txog txhua yam ntxim nyiam ntawm no ntau yam, tiam sis tseem yuav qhia kom koj paub yuav ua li cas kom zoo rau koj tus kheej lub cev thiab muab kev pabcuam rau koj.
Cov pub leejtwg ntawm cov neeg muaj npe ntev ntawm "Cov Ntiv Tes Ntoo": ib qho kev qhia ntxaws txog ntau yam
Lub cog qoob loo ntawm ntau yam rau ntau centuries koom nyob rau hauv lub growers ntawm Central Asian lub teb chaws, los ntawm uas nws tau coj ua ntej mus rau ib ncig ntawm lub Crimean ceg av qab teb, thiab tom qab ntawd ces maj kis thoob plaws hauv Ukraine thiab ib txhia thaj tsam ntawm Russia.
Lub npe "Lady Fingers" tsis yog thawj, tab sis tau muab rau qhov no grape vim lub elongated duab ntawm nws cov berries thiab yog suav hais tias yuav ua lag luam. Nyob rau hauv kev professional viticulture, nws yog hu ua "Husayne Bely", tab sis nyob rau hauv Dagestan nws tseem hu ua "Shakh-Izyum", thiab nyob rau hauv Russia - "Bocal" grapes.
Txawm tias muaj ntau qhov kev tsis txaus ntseeg, nws tseem yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws Oriental txiv hmab txiv ntoo, vim tias nws cov cwj pwm tsis zoo thiab kev tsim tawm ntawm cov ciaj ciam tseem tsis tau raug kho dua los ntawm kev cog qoob loo.
Hais txog lub regionalization ntawm ntau yam, nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov tias nws tsis tau mus cuag nws heev ntseeg, vim hais tias ntau ntawm tshav kub thiab hnub ci hnub yuav tsum tau rau lub ripening ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm "Lady Fingers". Nws kuj ripens ntev txaus thiab thaum twg zus nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub nruab nrab climatic sawb nyob rau hauv Russia, nws tsis muaj lub sij hawm mus paub tab.
Txhuam Txhab "Cov Pooj Tsaus Ntoo": dab tsi yog qhov uas tshwm sim ntawm kev zoo nkauj sab hnub tuaj ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Cov pawg ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas tau piav qhia yog tsis ib txwm ua zoo sib xws rau txhua tus, yog tias peb txheeb xyuas lawv raws li qhov loj me me. Cov kev txwv ntawm lawv qhov ntev yuav txawv ntawm 18 txog 50 centimeters, thiab dav dav - los ntawm 16 mus rau 26.
Qhov tseeb, cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau yog tshwm sim thaum loj hlob ntawm "Cov Poj Niam Ntiv Nplhaib" hauv lub teb chaws sov ntawm Central Asia, tab sis peb muaj tib lub cim qhia nrog ntau tshaj kev pub noj haus thiab cov xyoo tau zoo. Los ntawm qhov hnyav, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau nruab nrab thiab loj, tab sis qhov nruab nrab ntawm ib pawg tsuas yog 0.4 kilograms xwb.
Lawv yog cov ua los ntawm kev sib conical, berries yog dai hnyav ncawv, tab sis tsis tight tight.
Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm "Cov Ntoo Ntiv Tes" tsis tuaj yeem nyob berries, uas yog cov loj loj loj. Qhov nruab nrab, cylindrical los yog elongated berries tau ntev ntawm 2.6 mus 3.9 centimeters, thaum lawv dav tuaj yeem mus txog 16 thiab 26 centimeters.
Ntawm cov hoob kawm, lawv tsis qhia cov ntaub ntawv luj cov ntawv qhia ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo berries, tab sis lawv muaj ib tug zoo haum hnyav - 5-7 grams. Lawv feem ntau pom tsis yog los ntawm cov duab, tab sis kuj los ntawm xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij: feem ntau nws yuav ua tau daj-ntsuab los yog daj-liab nrog txaus tshav ntuj.
Nyob rau hauv relation mus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij yuav tsum them sai sai rau lub xub ntiag quav ub no, uas envelops lub saum npoo ntawm berries nrog ib tug movie nyias. Tab sis nyob rau hauv dav dav, daim tawv nqaij yog heev nyias, nws ua txhaum thaum noj, tsis cuam tshuam rau saj ntawm berries.
Feem ntau ntawm txhua tus, lawv nyiam cov neeg yuav khoom thiab winegrowers nrog lawv cov qab qab zib. Qab Qab Zib Hnov Qab Zib Grapes "Cov Ntiv Tes Ntev" los ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm lawv cov ripening yog ntau tshaj li acidity. Yog hais tias koj siv lub tswv yim ntawm "nplua nuj txiv hmab txiv ntoo flavour", ces tus benchmark rau nws tsuas yog cov tau piav ntau yam.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv yog cov los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb varietal aroma, uas yuav ua tau ib tug zoo stimulator ntawm pais plab kua txiv tso pa tawm. Tag nrho nws yog seedlessTxawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv ib co berries, theej loj pob zeb ntawm elongated duab thiab xim daj xim daj yuav tsim.
Cov paib ntawm "Cov ntiv tes Ntiv tes": yuav ua li cas tsim cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tiag tiag
Lub voj voos loj thiab muaj ib lub paj nrog lub luag hauj lwm ntawm ob qho tib si txiv neej tso cai rau no grape muab siab incredibly highs ntawm high-zoo txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm fruiting yog cov ntaub ntawv txij li thaum los ntawm ib hectare nws yog feem ntau tau sau ntau tshaj 40 tons ntawm ripe berries. Ntawm chav kawm, rau xws li tshwm sim, lub grapes yuav tsum tau muab kev zoo kev loj hlob tej yam kev mob. Nws qhia nws tus kheej zoo dua nyob rau hauv muaj kev cog qoob loo.
Zoo li feem ntau Esxias grape ntau yam, "Lady Fingers" muaj ib tug ntev ntev ripening lub sij hawm ntawm qoob loo. Cov nroj tsuag ntawm Bush on nruab nrab kav 140 hnub. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj haujlwm no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm kev kub ntxhov ntawm kev nyab xeeb, yog li nyob rau hauv Central Asia nws tuaj yeem ncav cuag li qub 130 hnub, uas yog, thaum lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj, thiab Kherson cheeb tsam thiab sab qaum teb - txog li 155 hnub, kawg ntawm lub Cuaj Hli.
Tab sis txawm li no, ntau tus yuav poob siab. fruiting irregularity bushes piav ntau yam, qhov ua rau ntawm uas yog feem ntau nws instability.
Tsis tas li ntawd los ua txiv hmab txiv ntoo bushes "Cov ntiv tes" pib tsuas yog xyoo thib 5 xwbUas nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog rau lwm yam ntau yam yuav zoo li ib tug ntev heev lub sij hawm. Txawm li cas los, lub sijhawm los saj ib me ntsis ntawm koj tus kheej txiv hmab txiv ntoo tej zaum yuav muab ib me ntsis ntxov, vim ib nrab tawm los yog qee zaum tsim ntawm qee cov yub.
Nws kuj yog nyiam nthuav txog nyeem cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Sau lub ntsiab zoo ntawm "Pojniam Phooj Ywg"
- Qhov ntau yam yog tsi ntsees los ntawm heev high tawm los, zoo zoo ntawm pawg thiab berries.
- Saj nta ntawm no ntau yam ua nws ib qho ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov dawb ntau yam.
- Lub xub ntiag ntawm paj ntawm ob qho tib si, uas yog heev zoo rau cov txheej txheem ntawm pollination ntawm Bush.
- Berries tsuas yog lub rooj lub hom phiaj, tab sis zoo tshaj plaws haum rau qhuav ntawm raisins ntawm heev zoo.
Qhov no yog facilitated los ntawm tsis muaj cov noob nyob rau hauv lub berries, thiab raws li lub peev xwm ntawm lub resulting khoom yog khaws cia rau ib lub sij hawm ntev.
- Grapes muaj ntau yam khoom zoo, kho rau qhov hnoos qhuav thiab muaj qhov zoo ntawm qhov kev ntxiv dag zog thiab kev loj hlob ntawm tus me nyuam lub cev, muaj ntau npaum cov vitamins.
Tau txais kev paub nrog cov kev tsis txaus siab ntawm ntau yam thiab yuav ua li cas nrog lawv
Hmoov tsis, muaj ntau qhov kev tsis txaus siab hauv "Lady Fingers" txiv hmab txiv ntoo, uas yog vim li cas nws tsis yog mus rau ntau hom kab mob ntawm cov niaj hnub winegrowers. Ua ke nrog siab zoo txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zoo heev tawm los, qhov no grapes yog tsis ruaj tsis khov.
Ua ntej txhua yam nws txhawj xeeb kev txhawj xeeb thiab lawv tsis muaj peev xwm nyiaj dhau kev kub. Nyob rau hauv ib tes, qhov tseeb no zoo li natural rau ib qho nroj tsuag oriental, tab sis nws kuj coj ntau nyuaj, vim hais tias yam uas tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lub vine thiab lub buds, Bush tau tsuas yog zam sov ntawm -11ºС. Yog li, yam tsis muaj ib qho chaw tiv thaiv zoo heev, qhov no grape yuav tsis muaj peev xwm hloov lub caij ntuj no txawm nyob rau hauv Crimea.
Tsis tas li ntawd, "Lady Fingers" ntau zaus thiab ntseeg tau tej zaum yuav raug cuam tshuam los ntawm fungal kab mob. Tshwj xeeb khaus tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov huab cua kub, thaum grape Bush piav ntau yam yuav tsum tau them tshwj xeeb mloog.
Txawm rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tiv thaiv, nws yog sprayed ntau tsawg tshaj li lwm yam ntau yam. Kev kho mob xav tau ib tug Bush, txawm nyob rau hauv Autumn.
Tiam sis hauv kev ua hauj lwm, xyuam xim rau ib qho tseem ceeb heev: Thaum pom tus kab mob tshwm sim, ua ntej koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab seb nws hom thiab yam ntxwv twg, thiab tom qab ntawd siv cov tshuaj tsim los tiv thaiv kab mob.
Tsis tas li ntawd, ib qho tshaj ntawm noo noo nyob rau hauv cov huab cua thiab av yuav ua rau berries rau rot. Txawm hais tias fungi tsis txhob muab tsim ua li ntawd hauv cov huab cua, huab cua tuaj yeem ua puas tsuaj loj heev ntawm qoob loo. Nco ntsoov ua raws li qhov no thiab rhuav tawm lub twb raug mob berries, thiaj li hais tias rot tsis hloov mus rau cov neeg uas tseem noj qab haus huv.
Nroj tsuag grapes nrog seedlings thiab grafting: ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab tswv yim
Los kho da dej koj qhov chaw zoo nkauj "Lady Fingers" grape bushes yuav tsis ua lub slightest nyuaj, txij li nrhiav cov saplings los yog cuttings ntawm no grapes yog yooj yim heev. Yuav tsis muaj teeb meem hauv kev tsaws nws, yog tias koj npaj rau nws ua ntej thiab nqa mus rau hauv txhua qhov tsim nyog.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws qhov chaw rau grapevine loj hlob: dab tsi los xav txog?
Qhov tseeb, kev nrhiav qhov chaw zoo tshaj yog qhov nyuaj, tab sis tseem ua tau.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, nws yog ib qho uas zoo zes thiab tau raug kaw los ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig-cua ntawm sab qaum teb. Hauv qhov no, qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj yuav yog sab qab teb (south-west) ntawm koj qhov chaw, uas yog kaw sab qaum teb los ntawm cov tuam tsev lossis cov ntoo.
Tsis txhob hnov qab coj mus rau hauv tus as-qhauj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntxoov kab ntoo nrog lwm cov nroj tsuag, uas yuav tsum tsis txhob pub.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom coj mus rau hauv tus account lub nyiam ntawm grapes mus rau cov av. Qhov ntau fertile nws yog, qhov zoo dua ntawm chav kawm. Tab sis yog tias koj muab tsis tau ib qho hav txwv yeem, txhua yam av tau zoo fertilized thiab tiav los ntawm raising qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm qhov kev ntsuas ntawm lub sijhawm. Tab sis nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub nws yog preferable mus xaiv lub teeb xau.
Thaum cog grapes tsis nco qab txog av. Yog li ntawd hais tias lawv tsis ua puas rau hauv paus system ntawm Bush, lawv tob yuav tsum txog 2.5-3 meters. Txwv tsis pub, tsuas yog kev daws teeb meem rau koj lub vev xaib yuav yog siv ntawm cov kua nruab deg los ntawm nws los yog lub pas dej.
Lub tswv yim ntawm cog grapes "Ntiv tes Ntiv Tes" - 3 x 5 +/- 1 meter.
Cov lus dab tsi yog qhov zoo dua rau cog txiv hmab txiv ntoo?
Qhov loj ntawm qhov cog no yog qhov peev xwm los cog nws thaum twg los tau lub xyoo (ntawm chav kawm, tshwj tsis yog rau lub caij ntuj no). Qhov tseeb yog tias cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tau qeeb, thiab koj yuav tsum tau ua tus coj ntawm txoj kev cog koj txiav txim siab tias yuav ua rau koj cov txiv hmab.
Yog hais tias nws yog ib tug tsaug zog seedlings thiab cuttings (rau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv) - pib-nruab nrab ntawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab ib nrab-Lub kaum hli ntuj yuav ua. Rau ntsuab seedlings tias twb muaj tua thiab nplooj, koj yuav tsum tau tos rau qhov pib ntawm ruaj caij nplooj ntoos hlav cua sov, tej zaum txawm txawm lub caij ntuj sov. Nws tseem tuaj yeem ua rau lub cuttings ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tom qab, vim hais tias tom qab hloov, lawv yuav pib sai sai loj hlob, thiab ua zoo-tsim los ntawm Autumn.
Nws yog tseem ua tau rau propagate no kab lis kev cai nrog kev pab ntawm ceg, ob qho tag nrho nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, thiab nyob rau hauv Autumn. Ncau ceg (tua ntawm ib tug txiv hmab hauv hav txwv yeem), sprinkled nrog av, noj paus sai sai, uas tso cai rau lawv kom sai li sai tau transplanted raws li ib tug tag nrho-fledged Bush.
Grape seedlings thiab nta ntawm lawv cov cog: yuav ua li cas kom sai sai "Lady Fingers"?
Thiaj li rau lub vine kom cog nrog lub yub ntawm nws tus kheej cov hauv paus, sai sai thiab nkag mus rau fruitfulness ntau sai sai, thaum nws yog cog rau hauv ib lub qhov, ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm fertilizer yuav tsum tau poured. Qhov no yuav ua rau nws yooj yim rau koj mus ua hauj lwm, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov ntawm kev loj hlob, lub grapes yuav tsis tsum tau pub, thiab yuav zoo heev cuam tshuam rau Bush nws tus kheej.
Qhov aub tsiv rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum sib sib zog nqus - yam tsawg 80 centimeters. Ib tug sib tov ntawm fertile av, zoo compost thiab pob zeb hauv av chiv yog poured rau hauv nws (superphosphates thiab poov tshuaj yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho, thiab raws li ib tug me me ntawm nitrogen).
Tom qab fertilizer, lwm txheej ntawm av yog poured cais lawv los ntawm lub keeb kwm ntawm seedling. Tom qab ntawd, qhov aub tsiv yog nyob rau ib lub sij hawm, thaum lub sij hawm tag nrho nws cov txheem yuav khom, thiab nws yuav ua tau cog ib seedling.
Thaum koj yuav tsum xaiv ib lub sapling, tsis txhob poob pom ntawm nws cov keeb kwm. Yog hais tias lawv raug mob, qhuav los yog tawg - xws li ib lub sapling yuav tsis tau hloov thiab loj hlob mus rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob thaum cog. Lub hauv paus kev noj qab nyob zoo yuav tsum yog dawb, ncaj zoo tsim.
Ua neej nyob sapling ya raws nws ua ntej yuav tsaws, raus dej hauv dej rau ntau hnub. Tsuas yog tom qab hais tias nws yuav ua tau kom txo nws mus rau hauv ib lub qhov thiab bury nws. Qhov no yog ua kom zoo heev, thiaj li tsis mus ua kev puas tsuaj rau cov hauv paus hniav. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm no txoj kev, koj muaj peev xwm ncuav dej rau hauv aub tsiv, uas yuav tam sim ntawd compact cov av.
Muaj lub qhov khawb kiag li, ncuav koj lub yub ib zaug ntxiv thiab rauj rau hauv cov av uas nyob ze ntawm nws cov khoom yug. Ua tsaug rau nws, lub neej yav tom ntej Bush yuav tsis txoj hauv av.
Thaum cog grapes nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau coj mus rau hauv tus account hais tias hauv paus caj dab ntawm nws seedling yuav tsum nyob rau hauv tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv yuav them nrog av. Nws yog rau lub hom phiaj no tias peb npaj qhov aub tsiv ua ntej thiab qhia koj kom maj mam bury lub seedling heev maj mam thiab ua tib zoo.
Grafting grapes cuttings thiab tag nrho nws cov secrets
Grafting yuav suav tau tias yog ib qho yooj yim thiab ntau txoj hauv kev, tab sis tsuas yog yog tias muaj ib qho qub txiv hmab hauv koj lub cuab ntxhiab, qib uas koj xav hloov. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog los npaj qhov zoo cuttings.
Koj tuaj yeem ua rau lawv caij nplooj zeeg lossis caij nplooj ntoo hlav thaum ntxov. Optimally, thiaj li hais tias lawv ntev tsis ntau tshaj li ob lub qhov muag. Rau kev sib raug zoo nrog cov Tshuag, uas cov txiav yuav tau muab coj los ua yav tom ntej, nws qhov qis yog qhov kev txiav tawm ntawm ob tog. Raws li tau zoo raws li lub seedling, lub soj caum yuav tsum raug txo qis ua ntej grafting dej.
Lub npaj ntawm Tshuag nws tus kheej yog tshem tawm ntawm qub Bush thiab lub stripping ntawm seem uas txiav. Lub 10-centimeter stump resulting split evenly nyob rau hauv nruab nrab, yog li ntawd lub resulting sib txawv tau haum tsuas yog ib tug txiav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov quav caws qis rau hauv qhov cais tawm ntawm nws qhov trimmed ib sab, tom qab uas nws yog tightly tightened thiab coated nrog ntub av nplaum.
Tom qab grafting tsis nco qab mus rau dej lub Tshuag, siv tsawg kawg 30 liv dej. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub neej yav tom ntej Bush yuav tsum tau kev pab, uas yuav tsa tau sai li sai tau. Zoo heev yuav tshwm sim rau ib tug Bush nws sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws thiab av mulching ncig lub cev.
Peb saib xyuas rau grapes thiab txaus siab tag nrho cov kev xav tau ntawm Bush
- Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kev nqhis dej. Nws ua rau lub zog loj hlob tuaj thiab tsim tau cov qoob loo. Watering ib Bush yog tsuas yog thaum lub sij hawm nkag mus rau hauv lub loj hlob rau lub caij, ua ntej flowering thiab tom qab nws. Nyob rau hauv droughts kuj tsis nco qab mus moisten cov av.
- Yog xav kom noo noo zoo nyob rau hauv lub hauv av - nws yog pom zoo kom npog nws nrog mulch. Siv raws li ib lub xeem peat, humus, sawdust thiab txawm Moss.
- Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws ntawm ib tug Bush ntawm grapes - txoj kev vam meej ntawm ib tug yav tom ntej qoob loo. Nws muaj nyob rau ob lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thiab caij nplooj zeeg. Koj tuaj yeem siv ob qho tib si organic thiab pob zeb hauv av chiv.
- Bush ntawm "Cov ntiv tes" yog txiav txhua xyoo. Tom qab pruning ib tug neeg laus Bush, nws yog pom zoo kom tawm tsuas yog 9 tua (tab sis nyiam dua tsawg), txhua tus ntawm cov yuav tsum muaj tsis muaj ntau tshaj 15 lub qhov muag.
- Txij li no ntau yam yog ntshai heev ntawm Frost, nyob rau hauv txias climates nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom loj hlob nyob rau hauv greenhouses, vim hais tias nws yuav tsis tau them nws los ntawm 25 ° C hauv qab xoom.
- Tsis txhob hnov qab txog cov tshuaj tua kab mob tiv thaiv. Nws yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tseem ceeb ua lawv ua ntej flowering. Mus nqa tshuaj rau kev sib ntaus los ntawm oidium thiab powdery mildew.
