Ntau yam uas peb muaj kev ntshaw loj yuav loj hlob ntau lub vaj zaub hauv peb lub caij ntuj sov.
Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau peb tsuas yog lub cev tsis tuaj yeem siv sij hawm txaus los tu lawv.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws xaiv nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no yog xaiv ntawm ntau yam, uas yog tib yam thiab tsis yuav tsum tau ntau mloog.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm xaiv ntawm ib tug ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo, ib qho kev xaiv zoo rau ob leeg beginners growers thiab neeg coob heev yog "Annie" grape.
Txawm tias muaj qhov tseeb hais tias qhov no muaj ntau qhov zoo ntawm qhov zoo thiab muaj peev xwm txaus siab rau ib qho zoo heev sau, nws tsis tas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas ntau dua thiab muaj peev xwm hloov tau mus rau txawv zuj zus txawv tej yam kev mob.
Peb qhia cov secrets thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov txiv hmab "Annie"
Qhov no ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo belongs rau cov pab pawg tsim yaam tshab ntawm breeder amateur los ntawm lub npe ntawm Krainov. Ua tsaug rau tej yam txaus siab thiab kev sib tw ntawm cov winegrower no, ntau yam "Anyuta" tau txais txhua qhov zoo tshaj plaws zoo los ntawm nws cov ntaub ntawv niam txiv - Talisman txiv hmab txiv ntoo, uas tau hla nrog ntau yam "Kishmish Radiant".
Vim li ntawd, qhov ntau yam tshiab tau ua kom zoo heev, muaj peev xwm ua tau yooj yim rooting thiab kev ua haujlwm. Vim qhov no, lub zoning ntawm ntau yam yog heev thoob plaws: los ntawm yav qab teb qhov chaw ntawm Ukraine thiab Russia, mus rau nruab nrab climatic bands ntawm cov teb chaws.
Nta grapes "Anyuta": qhov tsos, qhov loj thiab yam ntxwv ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Grapes "Anyuta" muaj qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, muaj nuj nqis li cov muag khoom muag zoo muag. Qhov nruab nrab, lawv qhov hnyav yog li ntawm 0.7 mus rau 1.2 kilograms, tab sis muaj 1.5 kilogram pawg. Lawv cov duab yog feem ntau conical, lub berries tsis heev tightly tso, ua rau pawg ib me ntsis xoob.
Loj tsaus liab cov liab berries muab tshwj xeeb elegance rau pawg. Qhov hnyav ntawm oval-puab berries ntawm no ntau qhov nruab nrab los ntawm 10-14 mus rau 20 grams, uas yog ib tug heev qhia tau rau grapes. Lub fleshy qauv ntawm Berry thiab dense tawv ua rau Berry haum rau kev thauj mus los. Thaum noj, berries muaj ib tug heev me heev saj, uas yog nrog los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb nutmeg aroma.
Yuav ua li cas cov qoob loo yuav tsum tau los ntawm cov txiv hmab "Annie"?
Bush ntawm no grape ntau yam muaj ib tug heev zog txoj kev loj hlob. Los ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm nkag mus rau hauv fruiting lub sij hawm, uas pib 4-5 xyoos tom qab cog, nws muaj peev xwm yooj yim twist txawm tias ib tug 3-meter kev them nyiaj yug. Ripening lub sij hawm ntawm Anyuta grape sau yog txog 140 hnub, uas ua rau nws tau muab ntau yam mus rau nruab nrab-Ripening. Yog li, nws yog ib qhov ua tau kom muaj kev nyab xeeb pib harvesting ripened cov qoob loo nyob rau hauv thawj hnub los yog ze rau nruab nrab ntawm lub Cuaj Hli.
Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub yields ntawm no ntau yam yog heev high, feem ntau txawm tshaj overloading lub Bush. Yuav kom tiv thaiv lub Bush los ntawm no, koj yuav siv tau Autumn pruning thiab regulating tus naj npawb ntawm tua thiab grapes. Nws kuj yog tsim nyog saib xyuas hais tias lub vine thiab tua ntawm Bush Bush zoo kawg nkaus thiab feem ntau ntawm lawv cov fruitful.
Nws tseem yog nthuav mus nyeem txog ntau yam ntawm liab grapes.
Yuav ua li cas yog qhov zoo ntawm cov txiv hmab "Anyuta" koj yuav tsum paub paub novice growers?
Qhov no ntau yam yog heev yooj yim loj hlob, tab sis ntawm chav kawm nws yuav tsum tau ib co yuav tsum ntsuas kev tu nws. Tab sis feem ntau, cov yeeb yam zoo li no yuav tsum tau txais kev tshwj xeeb:
• Cov qoob loo zoo, zoo rau kev noj cov zaub mov thiab muaj txiaj ntsim zoo li ib yam khoom muag.
• Cov qoob loo zoo tuaj yeem ntev mus ntev txawm tias muaj kev sov siab.
• High yields, txawm nrog tsis zov attentive heev.
• Lub peev xwm ntawm cov txiv hmab kom txuag lawv cov yeeb yam mus txog thaum lawv raug txiav tawm ntawm cov hmab.
• Lub peev xwm rau nws tus kheej-qhov chaw muaj mob, uas yog ua tau vim muaj lub paj ntawm ob qho tib si.
• Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis pom muaj nyob hauv txhua lub sijhawm.
• Lub Anyuta txiv quav ntswv nyoos muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo heev rau cov kab mob fungal. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm ntaus ib Bush nrog mildew los yog powdery mildew yog heev tsawg txawm tias tsis muaj nqa tawm tiv thaiv Txau ntawm grapes.
• Cov phom thiab lwm yam kab tsuag tsis ua kom puas tsuaj.
• Kev mob ntawm cov txiv hmab hauv av kom txias: kev puas tsuaj tsis raug cai thaum -22 ° C. Txawm li cas los, nws yog tseem tsis nqi txaus siab los ntawm sheltering ib Bush rau lub caij ntuj no.
• Zoo heev rooting cherenkonyob rau hauv, harvested los ntawm vine grapes "Anyuta". Kiag li ib qho rootstocks grape yog tsim rau grafting cuttings.
Cons "Anuta" txiv hmab txiv ntoo: teeb meem uas yuav tsum tau ntsib thaum cog qoob loo ntau yam
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws grape ntau yam tsis muaj nyob thiab qhov twg muaj qhov zoo, kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo. Hauv kev txiav txim tias koj tsis tuaj yeem ntsib tej kev xav tsis thoob, peb yuav muab koj rau tag nrho cov nta ntawm "Annie" txiv hmab, txawm tias nws cov qhov muag:
• Muaj ntau cov txhuam txiv ntoo, raws li lawv tus kheej xyaum ua, sib cav hais tias lub caij nyoog zom sij hawm rau Anyuta grape sau tsis tas tshwm sim tib lub sijhawm. Kev nyab xeeb kev nyab xeeb thiab huab cua nta uas nrog lub Bush thoob plaws hauv lub caij ua si lub luag hauj lwm loj nyob rau hauv no. Yog li, grapes feem ntau ncav cuag tsis zoo nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-Cuaj hlis, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub hlis.
• Yog hais tias qhov tsis tau muab tshem tawm ntawm lub hav txwv rau lub sijhawm ntev heev, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsis poob lawv qhov zoo li qub thiab saj, tab sis lawv cov nqaij yuav ua kua, zoo li mucous membranes.
• Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj txog 4 noob, uas, tab sis lawv tsawg, tseem cuam tshuam rau cov nyhuv ntawm Anyuta txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv lawv tus kheej.
• Nyob rau hauv heev dej siab xyoo thiab nyob rau hauv muaj fertile av, lub Bush yuav overloaded nrog ib tug qoob loo thiab rau qhov no yog vim li cas nws yuav tsum tau ua kom raug tus naj npawb ntawm cov txiv hmab.
• Nrog rau kev los nag thiab cov av qeeg, Anyuta txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tawg.
• Txawm tias zoo tiv thaiv rau Frost, lub Bush yuav tsum duav. Qee lub sij hawm nws muaj peev xwm khov qhov keeb kwm ntawm ib tug grape Bush.
Yuav ua li cas cog grapes thiaj li hais tias nws ua ib tug tiag tiag Klondike ntawm six berries: lub ntsiab lus pom zoo
Cog grapes yog yooj yim heev, tab sis nws yog qhov nyuaj heev ua nws tsis muaj ib qho tshwj xeeb theoretical npaj. Tseeb, tsis muaj kev ua raws nrog tag nrho cov kev cai, nws yog heev yooj yim mus rau puas ob qho tib si sapling thiab txiav. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nrhiav tau ib qho chaw zoo rau kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug grape Bush. Peb yuav qhia txog txhua yam ntawm cov ntsiab lus no hauv ntau yam.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm cog grapes txiav thiab sapling yog dab tsi?
Hom kev dab tsi uas koj xaiv tsis zoo li cas. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm seedlings, koj cog ib tug twb rooted txiav on koj tus kheej keeb kwm. Vim qhov no, yuav muaj ntau dua qhov yuav ua tau kom cov kab mob ntawm nws tus thawj coj yuav tsis tau pauv mus rau lub hav zoov tshiab. Yog hais tias, txawm li ntawd los, mus rau inculcate lub soj caum rau lub qub Tshuag, nws muaj peev xwm manifest, tab sis tsis sai li sai tau, nws tus kab mob.
Txawm li cas los, nyob rau lwm qhov, grafting yog feem ntau npaum txoj kev cog grapes. Tseeb, ua tsaug rau nws, ib tug txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab txiv sai sai sai dua thiab zoo dua, vim nws twb muaj lub hauv paus zoo-tsim uas pub lub txiav. Ib tug yub ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo cog rau nws tus kheej keeb kwm yuav siv sij hawm rooted teeb meem thiab ntau yam qeeb.
Qhov kev xaiv ntawm qhov chaw thiab nta ntawm cov ntawv cog lus ntawm vineyard
Lub grapes loj hlob zoo thiab dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsuas yog qhov twg nws muaj txaus tshav ntuj thiab cua sov. Lwm yam, cov berries yuav ripen ntau qeeb thiab tsis evenly. Rau qhov no yog vim li cas, nws yog pom zoo tias txiv hmab txiv ntoo seedlings yuav cog nyob rau sab qab teb sab ntawm tsev neeg cov kev. Nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm zoo li shading hauv tsev los yog gazebos. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov vaj tse yuav tiv thaiv cov txiv hmab tawm los ntawm cov ntawv uas tuaj yeem nkag kis tau cov kab mob.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb sib txawv los xaiv ib tug zoo av rau grapes. Txawm hais tias qhov no kab lis kev cai tsis yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog xav tau ntawm xws li ib tug tseem ceeb, nws muaj peev xwm tsis tsim zoo on infertile av. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, cov av ua ntej cog yuav tsum zoo fertilized thiab khawb.
Yog hais tias cov av tuaj txog ze ntawm cov av, nws tsim nyog los tsim ib qho kua dej hauv lub vev xaib, thiab npaj lub qhov taub rau ntawm cov txiv hmab uas muab tso rau hauv ib lub tais ntawm nws qab.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev xav txog thaum cog ntau vines rau lawv xav tau chaw rau kev loj hlob. Txij li thaum lub grapes "Anyuta" muaj ib lub zog-loj hlob shrub, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav ua rau ib tug deb nruab nrab ntawm grape seedlings txog ib Meter. Thaum tib lub sijhawm, yog tias koj tab tom cog cov txiv hmab hauv lub tsev nrog lub hauv paus tob, koj yuav tsum khiav tawm ntawm lub tsev los ntawm 70 centimeters.
Thaum grapes yog cog: nta ntawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab Autumn cog
Qhov tseeb yog hnub tim rau cog txiv hmab txiv ntoo "Annie" tsis muaj. Tom qab tag nrho, nws muaj peev xwm yuav cog ob qho tag nrho nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab nyob rau hauv Autumn. Txhua lub caij muaj nws qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo.
1. Muaj coob tus ntseeg tias grapes siv paus zoo yog cog rau caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Tseeb, thaum lub sij hawm ntawm thawj zaug loj hlob rau lub caij, ib tug tub ntxhais hluas bush tswj kom paus zoo thiab loj hlob zoo, yog li thawj lub caij ntuj no yog tsis yog li phem rau nws. Tab sis nyob rau lwm yam tes, feem ntau yog nyob rau lub Plaub Hlis thiab Tsib Hlis, thaum tag nrho cov nroj tsuag pib loj hlob thiab thaum nws yog lub sij hawm cog cov txiv hmab, cov av ua rau qhuav heev. Yog li, tsuas yog ib qho cog hav txwv yeem yuav tsum tau muab dej ntau thiab tsis tu ncua, thiab qhov no yog ib qho ntxiv thiab tsis tseem ceeb.
Tab sis qhov teeb meem loj rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav cog ntawm grapes yog qhaj ntawv ntawm ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm seedlings, sau ntawm uas tshwm sim tsuas yog tib yam nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg. Yog li ntawd, feem ntau heev nws yog qhov nyuaj heev rau xaiv cov sapling koj xav tau, uas yuav noj qab nyob zoo thiab tsis puas.
2. Seedling cog thiab cog thaum caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, hauv txojcai, tsuas muab cia rau hauv av kom txog thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Yog hais tias nws tsis tau them zoo heev, nws yuav tsuas khov, vim nws tsis muaj peev xwm ua neej nyob. Nws yog vim li no tias muaj coob tus neeg tsis cog txiv hmab hauv lub sijhawm no. Tab sis nyob rau lwm qhov txhais tes, nrog ib qho kev nplua nuj ntawm nag hmo nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-Lub kaum hli ntuj, thaum lub sij hawm zoo tag nrho rau cog lub grapes los, cov tub ntxhais hluas Bush txawm ua ntej frosts muaj sij hawm kom tau zoo saturated nrog noo noo, uas yuav heev txhim nws frost tsis kam.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub grapes cog nyob rau hauv Autumn yuav loj hlob sai dua nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab yuav muaj peev xwm tsim zoo dua tshaj lub caij ntuj sov.
Cov cai ntawm cog grapes "Anyuta" sapling on lawv tus kheej keeb kwm
Tom qab tau txais ib qho zoo sapling, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cog nws kom raug. Tsis txhob tso tawm xws li nuances raws li npaj qhov aub tsiv thiab tu cov txiv hmab tom qab cog. Nws yog nqi ntau lub sij hawm los npaj lub aub tsiv rau lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo seedlings tshaj li cog nws ncaj qha. Yuav tsum muaj sij hawm txaus rau cov av hauv qhov dej los mus khwv cia tsawg kawg me ntsis. vim hais tias qhov tseeb yog tias qhov grape aub tsiv yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo fertilized, tso ib tug sib tov ntawm chiv thiab zoo fertile av rau nws qab.
Vim li no, qhov tob tob yuav tsum yog yam tsawg 80 centimeters. Qhov dav yuav tsum tsim nyog. Yog li, ua ntej cog grapes lub qhov tsoo yuav tsum muaj xws li:
• 5-centimeter txheej ntawm rubble, uas yog poured rau hauv qab.
• Txheej ntawm humus, pob zeb hauv av chiv (poov tshuaj, phosphorus, hlau) thiab fertile av.
• Ib txheej ntawm yooj yim, unfertilized av, uas yuav pab raws li qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm lub keeb kwm ntawm seedling thiab chiv uas tsis tau muaj lub sij hawm mus decompose thiab tau puas lub keeb kwm.
Tom ntej no yog ua lub sapling. Feem ntau nws yog muag hauv lub khob nrog av, yog li ntawd nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no nws yuav ncaj qha cog (tshem tsuas yog lub khob). Nws tseem ceeb heev rau dej nws heev ntau, wetting nws cov av mus rau siab tshaj plaws. Yog hais tias koj tau yuav ib lub sapling tsis muaj av, ces nws yuav tsum tau muaj nyob rau ob peb hnub hauv dej thiab nws kuj yog tawm tswv yim rau poob rau hauv lub hauv paus-kev loj hlob-kev hais haum.
Tom ntej, peb tso lub seedling nyob rau hauv aub tsiv, tawm hauv paus ntseg tsho saum toj no nws saum npoo, kom zoo zoo faus nws nrog av tsis muaj chiv. Tom qab no, lub sapling yog watered abundantly, thiab cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm nws yog tawg los ntawm mulch.
Grafting grape "Anyuta" nyob rau hauv Tshuag
Hauv kev txiav txim rau lub soj caum yuav tsum zoo rooted on rootstock, nws yuav tsum tau txiav nyob rau hauv ib tug wedge-puab tus yam thiab kuj muaj nyob rau hauv cov dej rau qee lub sij hawm. Los txuag ya raws hauv nws, sab qaum ntawm qhov txiav yog waxed. Cov Tshuag ua ntej grafting yog zoo heev ntxuav, watered thiab ib tug me me slit yog ua raws nraim nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm nws. Nws yog nyob rau hauv no sib txawv thiab txiav txiav. Yog hais tias tus Tshuag yog heev thoob plaws, koj muaj peev xwm graft ob peb cuttings ib zaug.
Hauv kev txiav txim rau kev sib cuag ntawm cov txiav thiab ntoo ntawm cov Tshuag yuav zoo dua, qhov chaw nruab nrab yog khov kho nruj. Ntau tus neeg qhia txog qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kom ntub av nplaum: nws tuav rov qab ntawm cov cua mus rau thaj chaw raug mob ntawm cov txiv hmab thiab tuav dej ntws nyob hauv.
Npaj tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kuj tau dej. Nws yog zoo heev rau mulch cov av ib ncig nws thiab bury ib qho kev txhawb nqa tom ntej no rau nws rau weaving ib Bush.
Kev kho mob rau grape Bush ntau yam "Annie": luv luv txog lub ntsiab nuances
• Thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thaum koj qhib ib lub hav zoov tom qab lub caij ntuj no, nws kuj raug pom zoo kom dej kom ntau. Yog hais tias koj muaj xws li ib lub sij hawm, ces koj yuav tsum tau dej lub Bush txawm ua ntej flowering thiab thaum tiav ntawm txoj kev no. Thaum lub sij hawm muaj kev ntxhab, cov txiv hmab yuav tsum tau ntxiv dej. Ib tug neeg laus vine rau ib qhov dej yuav tsum tau muaj tsawg kawg nkaus 5 thoob dej.
• Tom qab ywg dej, nws tseem ceeb heev kom npog cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm lub pob tw ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog mulch. Nws yuav pab khaws cia dej ntub nyob rau hauv cov av thiab yuav ua hauj lwm raws li lub chiv rau nws.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws mulch rau grapes - blackened sawdust los yog Moss, nyob rau hauv heev zaus - humus.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub khawb grapes yog pub nrog humus thiab phosphorus-poov tshuaj chiv.
• Nrog rau sij hawm tuaj txog lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab pib ntawm ib lub sij hawm ntawm calm ntawm Bush, lub sij hawm zoo tag nrho los rau pruning tua thiab lub tes tsho. Muab hais tias Ibututa ntau yam muaj ib lub voj voos loj, nws pruning kuj yuav tsum mob siab heev. Txhua tua yog shortened by yam tsawg kawg yog 6-8 qhov. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob thov txim rau lub hav txwv yeem, vim hais tias, ua li no, koj tab tom sim txhim kho cov khoom qoob loo, uas koj yuav tau txais xyoo tom ntej.
• Autumn grapes "Anyuta" kuj yuav tsum tau npog. Yog hais tias qhov no yog ib qho tshiab cog sapling los yog ib tug grafted Tshuag, ces nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom tsaug zog nrog xuab zeb. Yog li ntawd nws tsis tau txais kev puas tsuaj, qee qhov hlab yog ntsia saum nws nrog lub qhov rau saum, saum toj kawg nkaus uas ib lub roob ntawm tag nrho cov xuab zeb yog nchuav. Txhawm rau kom lub vaj tse tsis poob nws txoj kev ruaj ntseg nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, nws yuav tsum tau siv nrog cov ntaub ntawv zoo: cov laug cam, lub kaus poom, ntxhuav los yog ceg ntoo. Yuav kom npog ib tsob ntoo loj loj, ib zaj duab xis yog rub dhau nws thiab ib yam dab tsi zoo li lub tsev cog khoom. Tsis txhob hnov qab coj mus rau hauv tus account tias, tsis zoo li xuab zeb, zaj duab xis yuav tsis cia nyob rau hauv huab cua, yog li ntawd koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas qhov mob ntawm Bush nyob rau hauv nws.
• Txawm tias muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo ntawm ntau yam "Anyuta" ua ntej cov kab mob fungal, nws yuav tsis mob loj heev rau tshuaj tsuag nrog cov tshuaj fungicide. Txau yog nqa tawm ua ntej flowering ntawm Bush thiab thaum lub sij hawm tsim ntawm grapes nyob rau inflorescences.
