Cherry Orchard

Sweet Cherry "Cherry"

Cherries tsis tau boast ntawm loj loj ntawm lawv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zoo li nws cov pob zeb txiv hmab txiv ntoo.

Txawm li cas los, muaj cov qab zib ntau yam xws li ntau yam, uas nyob rau hauv lub intraspecific sib piv yog yuav luag giants.

Ntawm no, nws yog ib nqi nco ntsoov qhov ntau "Krupnoplodnaya" Sweet Cherry, lub npe ntawm uas hais lus rau nws tus kheej.

Peb yuav qhia txog nws cov nta hauv qab no.

Nqe lus piav txog ntau yam. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tsob ntoo, tua thiab kev loj hlob zoo

Qhov ntau yam yog brainchild ntawm ntev lab ntawm Ukrainian breeders, uas los ua M.T. Oratovsky thiab nws tus kws qhia ntawv N.I. Turovtsev. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau siv "Napoleon Belaya" Cherry, uas yog lub ntsiab ntawm txhua tus zoo ntawm "Loj-fruited", ua lub hauv paus rau yug me nyuam. Rau pollination "Napoleon" siv ib tug sib tov ntawm pollen ntawm ntau ntau yam ntawm Sweet cherries, ntawm lawv "Valery Chkalov", "Elton" thiab "Jabule".

Rov qab los nyob rau hauv 1983, ib tug tshiab ntau yam coj pride ntawm qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lwm yam ntau yam ntawm Ukrainian cog Registry. Niaj hnub no, ua tsaug rau qhov loj loj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab tsis tu ncua tawm los, qhov ntau yam yog muab faib thoob plaws txhua qhov ntawm sab qab teb thiab nruab nrab Russia.

Distinctive zoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo

Yog li, qhov ceeb thawj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no ntau yam txawv on nruab nrab los ntawm 10.4 mus rau 12 grams. Qhov siab tshaj plaws yog 18 grams. Xws li ib qho taw qhia yog heev tsawg ntawm lwm yam ntau yam ntawm Sweet cherries. Tus duab ntawm berries yog dav-puag ncig, txaus nyiam heev, uas cia lawv siv los muag.

Cov cherries yog maub liab nyob rau hauv lawv cov xim, tab sis tsis nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov uas zoo sib xws rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm "Divers Dub". Lawv yog cov txawv los ntawm nyias, tab sis heev ntom, tev ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo, uas ua kom pom tseeb ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau cov tsheb thauj mus los ntev ntev. Tsis tas li ntawd, daim tawv nqaij tau yooj yim raug muab cais tawm ntawm lub pulp, thiab nws saum npoo yog heev tus.

Cov nqaij yog xim tib yam li daim tawv nqaij. Kua txiv tseem yog xim dub. Cov qauv ntawm lub pulp yog ntom thiab muaj kua, cartilage sib txawv. Lub saj ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog heev zoo. Lub saj yog characterized qab zib thiab qaub, qhov kev luj xyuas ntawm kev txawj ntse yog 4.6 tawm ntawm 5. Lub pob zeb ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo kuj yog kuj loj heev, tab sis yog yuav luag tag nrho muaj peev xwm cais tawm los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.

Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no tsi ntawm Sweet Cherry Ripen nyob rau hauv nruab nrab lub sij hawm, kwv yees nyob rau hauv ob ib nrab ntawm Lub rau hli ntuj. Koj tuaj yeem siv tau rau ntau txoj hauv kev. Haum rau cov khoom noj tshiab rau cov zaub mov, thiab rau kev npaj ntawm lawv cov khoom ua si.

Kev piav qhia ntawm tsob ntoo thiab nws txoj kev loj hlob

Tus neeg laus thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo-kev coj tus kheej ntoo ntawm Krupnoplodnaya Cherry ntau yam yog ntawm medium loj. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ib tsob ntoo yog sai heev, yog tias koj cog nws rau ntawm qhov chaw nrog rau lwm yam ntawm cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab zib, los ntawm xyoo plaub nws yuav ua ntej nws cov neeg nyob ze loj. Lub crown zoo ntawm no tsob ntoo yog feem ntau spherical (tshwj tsis yog tias lub gardener xav tsim lwm). Lub ntsiab ceg, uas yog ntawm hom pob txha, yog cov sawv cev hauv cov zauv tsawg, tab sis lawv muaj zog heev thiab ntxhib. Qas thickened nyob rau theem nrab.

Cherries yog tsuas yog tsim nyob rau xws li qhov chaw ntawm tsob ntoo raws li bouquets thiab xyoo dhau los increments.

Ntxiv rau qhov loj me me txiv hmab txiv ntoo, ntau yam boasts thiab thaum ntxov pib ntawm fruiting. Nws muaj peev xwm muab thawj zaug harvests raws li thaum ntxov raws li lub 4 xyoo tom qab cog lub seedling nyob rau ntawm ib tug mus tas li qhov chaw ntawm kev loj hlob.

Cov ntoo ntawm cov ntau yam coj cov khoom siv txhua xyoo tsis cuam tshuam, thiab lawv tagnrho cov cim tau zoo heev.

Qhov nruab nrab, los ntawm ib tsob ntoo coj tau txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau 10 xyoo, txog 44-56 kilograms ntawm berries yog harvested.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm ntau yam

Dhau li ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias tsob ntoo txhua xyoo yog peev xwm ntawm coj ntau cov qoob loo ntawm loj berries, nws yog tseem heev nyob rau hauv lwm yam. Tom qab tag nrho, lub Krupnoplodnaya Cherry Cherry muaj ib tug high tsis kam mus rau tsawg kub. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsob ntoo sustainably tolerates drought, uas yog xyaum tsis pom tawm ntawm nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nws tsis yog xav tau heev rau cov av, nws yuav tsis fertilized tsis tu ncua.

Cherry "Krupnoplodnaya" nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm moniliasis. Tsob ntoo heev heev, tab sis qee zaus kuj muaj peev xwm raug cuam tshuam los ntawm cov kab mob xws li coccomycosis thiab kab mob cancer ntawm pob zeb txiv hmab txiv ntoo.

Ib txwm, gardeners txaus siab rau no tsob ntoo feem ntau rau loj berries, uas tseem muaj zoo heev saj.

Qhov disadvantages ntawm Sweet Cherry "Krupnoplodnaya"

Txawm li cas los, tsob ntoo ua suab tsis zoo. Yog tias nws tsis pollinated los ntawm lwm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tus tawm los yuav tsuas yog 5 feem pua. Yog li ntawd, nws yog pom zoo rau cog xws li ntau yam li "Surprise", "Bugarro Oratovsky", "Francis" los yog "Diber Black" nyob rau lub cuab ntxhiab nrog "Krupnoplodnaya" Cherry.

Yuav ua li cas cog ib sapling Sweet Cherry "Loj-fruited"?

Yuav kom nqa tawm qhov tseeb cog ntawm Cherry ntoo, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom paub tsis tsuas yog hais txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm ntau yam (tab sis qhov no yog tseem ceeb), tab sis kuj hais txog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau rau kev loj hlob ntawm Sweet Cherry. Tom qab tag nrho, thiaj li ua rau tsob ntoo loj hlob zoo thiab muaj peev xwm ua tau txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nws yuav tsum tau cov av zoo thiab muaj teeb pom kev zoo, kom zoo thiab cog qoob cog.

Lub sij hawm thiab qhov chaw - dab tsi yuav yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau "Krupnoplodnaya" Sweet Cherry?

Ua ntej, txog lub sijhawm xyoo. Cherry seedlings feem ntau muaj ntev heev tua, txawm tias lawv tsuas yog ib xyoos. Tab sis qhov tsis kam mus rau Frost nyob rau hauv cov tua yog tsawg. Thiab yog hais tias xws li ib tsob ntoo yog cog nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, nws yuav tsuas khov, raws li tag nrho cov dej hauv cov ntoo yuav khov. Tab sis lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav Cherry cog nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav yuav twb muaj lub sij hawm kom tau acclimatized mus rau tshiab av thiab yuav muab cov tsim nyog dej rau tua thiab ceg.

Tab sis lo ntawd Sweet cherry yog cog nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav - Nws tseem ceeb heev kom tsis txhob ncua nrog txoj hauj lwm no. Cog ib lub sapling yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom txog thaum tag nrho cov vaj teb ntoo pib loj hlob thaum lub caij loj hlob. Namely, nws yuav tsum yog lub sij hawm tam sim ntawd tom qab thawing ntawm cov av. Hais tias yog, sai li sai tau lub ntiaj teb pib succumb mus khawb - noj ib tug shovel thiab pib npaj ib aub tsiv rau ib tug seedling.

Qhov thib ob tseem ceeb hauj lwm uas koj yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej yuav cog qoob loo Cherry yog xaiv qhov chaw zoo. Cherry yog heev susceptible rau stagnant txias cua thiab tsuas yog tshuav ntawm tshav ntuj. Yog li ntawd, xaiv cov koog teb rau yav tom ntej rau nws thiab tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv cog qoob loo hauv qab tob tob los yog yars. Thiaj li rau tsob ntoo kom muaj hnub txaus, cog nws rau ntawm tshav ntuj sab ntawm lub cuab ntxhiab.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas tus duab ntxoov ntxoo hauv tsev, tsev los yog lwm yam ntoo tsis poob rau nws. Nco ntsoov tias thaum tso ib lub vaj, qhov sib txawv nruab nrab ntawm ob cherries nyob rau tib lub kab yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj 3 meters (yog tias peb tham txog cov ntoo loj li "Cov Loj Liab"). Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nruab nrab ntawm cov kab ntawm Cherry Sweet lub deb yuav tsum yog kwv yees li 5 meters.

Yuav ua li cas hom ntawm cov av rau cov nroj tsuag Sweet Cherry "Krupnoplodnaya"

Qhov no tsi ntawm Sweet Cherry tsis yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog xav tau ntawm av, tab sis tseem nws yuav tsis loj hlob nyob rau hauv tag nrho fertile xau. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau nyem nws mus rau hauv fertile loamy los yog av av, uas tej zaum yuav muaj qhov zoo npaum li dej thiab cua. Yog li, av nplaum los yog cov av marshy yuav tsis yog ib tus neeg xyuas zoo rau dej thiab yuav tuav nws ntev.

Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau rotting ntawm hauv paus system ntawm tsob ntoo. Sandy av kuj yuav muaj ib tug tsis zoo ua rau tsob ntoo loj hlob, raws li nws yuav dhau lawm qhuav rau qab zib cherries.

Tab sis dab tsi hom av tsis yuav, koj tseem yuav tsum tau saib xyuas nws ua ntu zus, khawb nws li (thiaj li hais tias nws yog saturated nrog rau qib siab ntawm huab cua), thiab tswj nws cov av noo. Nco ntsoov tias theem av yuav tsum tsis txhob siab tshaj 1.5 meters. Nws tuaj yeem hloov kho siv ib qho kev tsim tshwj xeeb tsim thiab ua rau nws tus kheej tsim.

Dab tsi yuav tsum them sai sai thaum xaiv ib sapling?

Rau cog cherries, koj muaj peev xwm xaiv raws li ib, yog li ob-xyoo sapling. Feem ntau cov tseem ceeb, nws cov hauv paus system zoo heev tsim thiab tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj. Nws yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tseem ceeb uas lub sapling tsis muaj qhuav keeb kwm thiab lawv tsis tawg.

Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam nws yog feem ntau tau ua tau raws li seedlings, qhia tsis los ntawm grafting, tab sis los ntawm ib lub pob zeb. Txawm li ntawd los, los ntawm lub pob zeb nws yog qhov nyuaj heev kom loj hlob raws nraim qhov tsi koj xav tau. Tom qab tag nrho, los ntawm xaiv ntawm xws li seedlings breeders muab ua tshiab ntau yam ntawm cov ntoo.

Them sai sai rau lub pob tw ntawm tsob ntoo - nws yuav tsum tau yuav yog ib qho chaw cim zoo rau kev ua mob ntawm varietal graft Cherry "Loj-fruited".

Yuav ua li cas cog ib sapling Cherry "Krupnoplodnaya"

Peb twb hais saum toj no hais txog dab tsi qhov deb ntawm cov ntoo yuav tsum. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv kev npaj lub pits nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom tsis txhob hnov ​​qab txog nws. Qhov yuav tsum yog ob zaug loj thiab tob tshaj li hauv paus system, txij li ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm fertilizer yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv nws qab. Namely, ib nrab ntawm cov pit yog ntim nrog compost tov nrog av (tus nqi ntawm compost yuav tsum yog txog 3 thoob).

Tsis tas li ntawd, ib lub zog thiab ntev yuav tsum tau muab khawb rau hauv qab ntawm lub qhov dej, vim hais tias tus cherry ntawm ib tug me nyuam hluas tsis muaj txaus qis uas yooj yim raug puas tsuaj los ntawm ob qho tag nrho cua thiab ntau yam tsiaj.

Tom ntej no, pib mus rau lub tam sim cog qoob loo ntawm ib sapling. Ua ntej yuav tsaws koj yuav tsum rov qab xyuas nws cov hauv paus hniav, vim hais tias txawm nrog ceev faj cia, txhua yam kev tsis txaus siab yuav ua rau cov hauv paus hniav kom qhuav. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, lub seedling yog muab tso rau hauv dej rau txog 8-9 xuab moos, thiab tsuas yog tom qab uas nws nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov taub.

Neatly kis lub keeb kwm nyob rau saum npoo ntawm mound, uas peb tsim los ntawm pouring lub fertilized av rau hauv aub tsiv. Maj mam sau lub qhov mus rau ib nrab, thiab sim kom tsis txhob puas keeb kwm, compact cov av. Peb ncuav nyob rau hauv ib lub thoob dej thiab mus txuas ntxiv kom sau lub qhov taub nrog lub ntiaj teb mus txog rau thaum xaus. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev tsis tau prikopat paus caj dab, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj kom tawm nws saum saum npoo ntawm cov av, yog li ntawd nws protrudes los ntawm 4-5 centimeters.

Muaj lub qhov khawb av nyob hauv av, lawv khi av dua thiab dej kom zoo. Rau watering koj tuaj yeem siv lwm 10-20 litres dej. Qhov chaw nyob ib ncig ntawm lub pob tw yog mulched. Qhov no yuav ua rau thaj av ntub ntev.

Kev kho mob rau ntau yam "Krupnoplodnaya"

Lub "Krupnoplodnaya" Sweet Cherry, txawm tias muaj nuj nqis rau loj harvests ntawm loj berries, txawm li ntawd los, nrog kev saib xyuas tsis zoo, tag nrho nws zoo yuav txo kom tsawg li tsawg. Qhov zoo ntawm qoob loo muaj peev xwm raug cuam tshuam los ntawm kev tsis ywg dej thiab fertilizer, thiab tsis raug npaj rau lub caij ntuj no thiab cov pob txha.

Yuav ua li cas koj yuav tsum tau paub txog qhov zoo watering thiab fertilizing cherries?

Av noo nooNyob rau hauv uas Cherry hlob, koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tas li. Nyob rau ntawm ib ncig ntawm Ukraine thiab Central Lavxias teb sab cheeb tsam, raws li tau zoo raws li nws cheeb tsam yav qab teb, tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau niaj zaus watering. Nyob rau ib tus hluas ntoo txog 20-40 liters dej tuaj rau hauv nrog lub caij nyoog ntawm ib hlis.

Hauv cov laus thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab zib, yuav tsum muaj ntau dua, thiab nws txoj kev loj hlob yuav tsum muaj li ntawm 40-60 litres ntawm dej ib zaug. Lawm, nrog cov dej nag ntau nws tsis yog tsim nyog rau dej tsob ntoo tag nrho, thiab thaum lawv tsis tuaj yeem nws tuaj yeem koom tes rau hauv txoj haujlwm no txog li 4 zaug hauv ib lub hlis.

Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws nws tsis tas yuav ua li niaj zaus. Tsob ntoo ntawm cov ntoo, tshwj tsis yog cov organic chiv tau pib thaum cog, tsis yuav tsum tau ntxiv pub ntxiv thaum thawj peb lub xyoos ntawm kev loj hlob thiab ua ntej tsob ntoo nkag fruiting. Qhov tsuas yog koj yuav fertilize cherries nyob rau hauv ob xyoo tom qab cog yog urea, uas yuav muaj ib tug heev zoo ntxim rau nws txoj kev loj hlob.

Rau peb lub xyoo, cherries yuav tsum tau nitrate thiab ammonium. Tab sis nws yog txawm txaus ntshai mus rau thov ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov chiv rau cov av, yog li tsis muaj ntau tshaj 25 grams yuav tsum tau siv ib 1m 2. Tab sis qhov zoo tshaj plaws yuav cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm cherries thiab tsim ntawm berries organic fertilizer - rotted manure. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, koj tuaj yeem ua tsis pub tshaj 1 zaug rau 3 xyoos. Txhua xyoo, nyob rau hauv Autumn khawb ntawm lub ntiaj teb ib ncig ntawm lub pob tw ntawm ib tug Cherry ntoo, nws yog ib qhov ua tau los qhia ntoo tshauv.

Kab Tsuag thiab tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv

Ntau yam peb tab tom tham txog yog suab habitual pests tsis txaus ntshai. Txawm lub degree ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau ntau fungal kab mob nyob rau hauv "Large txiv hmab txiv ntoo" yog heev tsawg.

Vim li no, kom tsis txhob muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj tshuaj lom thiab tshuaj lom ntau, nws yuav zoo dua tsis tau nqa cov tshuaj txuam tshwj tsis yog tias nws yuav tsim nyog (tom qab tag nrho, kab tsuag thiab kab mob yuav kis tau rau ntawm no ntau yam ntawm cherries los ntawm lwm yam uas nyob ib sab rau nws rau qhov phem heev thiab kav ntev rains los yog kev tuaj yeem tsob ntoo, tsob ntoo kuj tuaj yeem raug rau cov kab mob).

Nyob rau hauv cov teeb meem npaj ntawm Cherry "Krupnoplodnaya" rau lub caij ntuj noTsis xav tau kom paub meej. Tsob ntoo yog ntawm lub caij ntuj no-Hardy, tab sis tsuas yog hais tias nws yog zoo saib tom qab los ntawm gardener. Thawj zaug ntawm tag nrho cov, koj yuav tsum tau kom zoo zoo khawb cov av thiab dej nws nplua mias (yog hais tias hauv av tsis moistened nrog los nag).

Ib tsob ntoo hluas rau lub caij ntuj no yuav tsum raug khi rau ceg txheem ntseeg tshwj xeeb. Lub cev ntawm tsob ntoo nyob hauv cov daus thiab, rau kev tiv thaiv los ntawm nas, yog surrounded by vov tsev. Nws yog ua tau los tiv thaiv ib tsob ntoo los ntawm cov nas tsuag nrog kev pab los ntawm spruce ceg.

Nws tseem yog nthuav mus nyeem txog cov nta ntawm txiav cherries

Sweet Cherry - cas pruning yog ib tsob ntoo xav tau?

Tsim ntawm lub crown ntawm cherries tshwm sim nws tus kheej. Tsuas yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau ib tug neeg loj hlob ua yog los saib xyuas txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov ceg ntoo sib txawv thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, txo tus thawj coj me ntsis. Pruning tib yam hluas tua yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev raws li rau lwm lub vaj ntoo - lawv shortened los ntawm ¼ los yog ib nrab nyob rau hauv thiaj li nce ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov berries.

Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tau tinker nrog cov duab ntawm lub crown nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshwm sim tias tsob ntoo yog cas kev puas tsuaj thiab nws cov neeg tseem ceeb tus thawj coj raug kev txom nyem. Hauv qhov no, tus neeg xyuas pib tam sim ntawd yuav muaj ntau tus neeg sib tw. Yog hais tias lawv raug tsim los tsim, nyob rau hauv adulthood ib txhia ntawm cov sib tw roughest ceg tau tawg los ntawm ntau harvests.

Yog li ntawd, ntawm cov neeg sib tw, xaiv tus uas muaj kev loj hlob zoo tshaj plaws thiab yog qhov ncaj tshaj ntawm txhua tus neeg.

Nws yog pom zoo kom sai sai prune puas thiab cuam tshuam cov ceg thiab tua. Tom qab trimming txhua qhov kev txiav yog ua tiav. Rau qhov no nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv tooj liab sulphate. Yog hais tias pruning yog ua nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom no yuav tsum tshwj xeeb tshaj yog. Tsis tas li, tag nrho txiav ceg yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg nrog kev pab los ntawm hluav taws.