Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm grapes uas muaj loj bunches thiab berries.
Txawm tias muaj peev xwm nruab nrab ntawm qhov sib txawv, qee qhov tshwj xeeb yog kev sib tw winegrowers muaj peev xwm ua kom tau kev ua tiav tsis tiav.
Tab sis, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Monarch grape ntau yam, tshwj xeeb kev siv zog yuav tsis xav tau.
Tom qab tag nrho, txawm nyob rau hauv kev phem ntawm nruab nrab loj ntawm ib pawg ntawm grapes, lub berries ntawm no grape tsuas ncav cuag cov ntaub ntawv ntau thiab tsawg.
Yog hais tias koj xav mus surprise koj tus phooj ywg - koj yuav cog no ntau yam ntawm koj lub cuab yeej.
Thiab yuav ua li cas nqa tawm qhov tseeb cog, thiab dab tsi zoo dua lub Monarch txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj - peb yuav piav qhia txog kev nthuav dav thiab kom meej meej rau koj hauv qab no.
"Monarch" - txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyog ntawm cov thawj coj muaj tseeb
Qhov yooj yim Lavxias teb chaws amateur breeder E.G. tau txais kev pab kom tau zoo xws li kev vam meej nyob rau hauv kev tsim tshiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau yam. Pavlovsky. Yuav kom tau ntau yam "Monarch" nws siv grape ntau yam "Cardinal", pollinated nrog ib tug sib tov ntawm pollen los ntawm lwm yam ntau yam.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm xws li pollination, nws hla nrog txiv hmab "Talisman". Tom qab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txoj kev hla dhau qhov pom tau zoo tshaj plaws, tus tshiab hybrid tau muab lub npe hu ua "Monarch" tiag tiag.
Tshaj yam ntxwv ntawm cov txiv hmab "Monarch"
Cov pawg ntawm no grape ntau yam yog tus me me, tab sis lawv yog xam loj. Lawv qhov hnyav fluctuates ntawm 0.5 rau 1 kilogram. Lub berries yog muab tso rau ib pawg ntawm medium ntom. Daim ntawv ntawm ib pawg ntawm grapes "Monarch" feem ntau yog conical, tab sis nws yog feem ntau pom thiab cylindrical.
Tab sis lub ntsiab zoo dua ntawm no ntau yam yog undoubtedly nws cov berries. Qhov ntau thiab tsawg lawv mus txog qhov loj loj. Qe-puab berries ntawm no ntau yam muaj nyob rau hauv qhov ceeb thawj los ntawm 15 mus rau 20 grams., tab sis muaj txawm tias weighing 32 grams. Yog li, no grape muaj ib co zoo li txawm nrog plums.
Qhov siab ntawm nruab nrab berries ntawm "Monarch" yog 3.6 centimeters, thiab nws qhov dav yog nyob rau hauv 2.6 centimeters. Daim tawv nqaij xim ntawm cov txiv hmab yog qhov muag daj-daj nrog me ntsis reddish tan los ntawm sab sab tshav ntuj. Tus qauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm ib tug txiv hmab txiv ntoo txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog heev ntom, tab sis txawm hais tias nws muaj ib qho nruab nrab thickness, nws tsis xav ntsoov thaum nws yog noj. Zoo nkauj tsos lawv muab cov kev nthuav tawm zoo nkauj dua.
Lub pulp ntawm grapes "Monarch" yog unusually fleshy, heev qab ntxiag thaum siv freshly. Cov noob nyob rau hauv cov Berry yog me me, tsuas yog 2-3 yam. Lub pulp muaj ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm kua txiv, rau uas yog vim li cas qhov ntom ntawm berries yog medium. Lub saj ntawm no ntau yam yog heev qab ntxiag thiab Sweet, yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb tshaj ntawm "Monarch", muaj ib tug muscat qab. Cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm no grape yog heev ntau heev qab zibuas sai sai accumulate, thiaj li hais tias nws matures sai dua.
Cov qhab-nees "Monarch" yog chav noj mov. Nws cov berries yog heev haum rau tib neeg noj thiab feem ntau zus lawv rau kev muag khoom. Vim lub ntom ntawm daim tawv nqaij, cov berries kuj zoo kawg thiab transportable. Ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm kua txiv ua rau no ntau yam zoo haum rau ua wine.
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm ripening grapes thiab nws tawm los
Raws li rau lub sij hawm ripening ntawm grapes "Monarch", ces ntau yam no yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi mus rau nruab nrab thaum ntxov. Qhov tseeb yog hais tias lub ripening ntawm berries tshwm sim nyob rau ntawm txawv sij hawm nyob ntawm seb cheeb tsam climatic nyob rau hauv uas grapes loj hlob. Nyob rau sab qab teb, kev loj hlob tuaj yeem pib ua ntej thaum lub Yim Hli 10 los sis hauv nruab nrab, thaum, piv txwv, nyob rau thaj tsam Samara ntawm Russia, cov sij hawm no tau ncua mus txog thaum nruab nrab Lub Cuaj Hli. On nruab nrab, lub caij loj hlob ntawm no grape ntau yam tsis kav ntev dua, tshaj 130 hnub.
Cov tawm los ntawm no ntau yam yog heev high, vim hais tias ib Bush feem ntau coj los ntawm 7 phaus ntawm ripe berries. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb teev hais tias qhov loj hlob zog ntawm Monarch Bush yog heev khaus. Lub vine yog muaj peev xwm paub tab ntau tshaj 30% ntawm nws ntev, tua feem ntau muaj ib tug ntev ntawm ntau tshaj ib mentsis. Thaum pruning nws yog pom zoo kom tawm mus load on Bush tsis muaj ntau tshaj li 35 lub qhov muag. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws tus naj npawb ntawm tua rau ib Bush yog 24 pieces.
Monarch txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog pollinated ntawm nws tus kheej, Qhov no yog vim lub paj bisexual paj, tiam sis, nws peculiarity yog tias nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws pollinated los ntawm sab uas yog nyob rau hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo.
Ntxiv rau ntawm grapes "Monarch"
Feem ntau cov tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv no ntau yam yog zoo heev bunches ntawm grapes nrog ib tug high kev nthuav qhia thiab zoo loj rau kev muag khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib tug loj zoo yog lub loj txaus nyiam berries, nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb saj. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov zoo ntawm "Monarch" yog cov hauv qab no:
- Tom qab kom loj hlob, lub berries tau nyob twj ywm ntawm Bush tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj lub saj.
- Berries tsis ua li cas rau cov kev hloov hauv cov av hauv cov av noo thiab cua. Rotting txiv hmab txiv ntoo kuj tsis muaj cim.
- Horn berries tsis pom txawm nyob rau hauv heev huab cua puag.
- Cuttings ntawm grapes "Monarch" muaj ntau heev ntawm rooting raws li thaum cog on lawv tus kheej keeb kwm, thiab thaum twg grafting.
- Cov ntoo ntawm vine muaj zoo tsis kam mus rau tsawg lub caij ntuj no kub. Ntawm -23-25ºC tsis muaj kev puas ntsoog.
- Lub siab tsis kam ntawm no ntau yam mus mildew thiab swb ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo grey puab.
Disadvantages ntau yam "Monarch" thiab txoj kev daws teeb meem
Ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg yog qhov kev xav ntawm no ntau yam rau shedding lub zes qe menyuam. Yog li ntawd, thiaj li tsis mus poob qhov sau kom meej, nws yog zoo dua tsis mus nqa tawm thinning ntawm grapes. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ntseeg hais tias tshem tawm ntawm tua ua ntej flowering yog ib qho ntawm cov ua ntawm shedding lub ovary. Kev qee zauv ntawm cov naj npawb ntawm cov txiv hmab hauv lub grapevine es thaum pea berries pib rau lawv.
Bush thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm grapes "Monarch" feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm hmoov nplej lwguas tuaj yeem ua rau tsis zoo tshwm sim. Yuav tsum tsis txhob xws li, lub vine yuav tsum tau sprayed rau kev tiv thaiv.
Yuav ua li cas cog grapes "Monarch" nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv: cov lus nug thiab cov lus teb
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo yuav tsum muaj qhov zoo thiab haum kom zoo. Thawj lo lus nug txhawj txog qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom pauv ntau yam rau cog. Koj tuaj yeem npaj qhov soj ntsuam ntawm koj tus kheej los yog yuav ib lub noob yov uas twb tau siv lawm. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas lub keeb kwm ntawm lub seedlings yuav yog txaus zoo tsim. Pov thawj ntawm zoo, tsis yog keeb kwm keeb kwm yog lawv cov xim dawb. Muab tus txiav ntawm lub seedling yuav tsum ntsuab. Qhov siab tshaj tus xov tooj ntawm qhov rau cuttings - 2-3.
Yuav ua li cas npaj lub txiav rau cog?
Kev npaj ntawm cuttings rau cog on lawv tus kheej keeb kwm thiab rau grafting on ib tug Tshuag tsoob yog me ntsis txawv. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thawj, lub txiav tsuas yog txo qis rau hauv dej los yog cog rau hauv ib lub khob nrog moistened lub ntiaj teb thiab sab laug nyob rau hauv lub xeev no kom txog thaum lub hauv paus tsim thiab qhib ntawm lub qhov muag.
Nyob rau hauv ob, lub stalk yuav tsum tau trimmed. Nws yuav tsum ua kom zoo zoo thiab nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev uas tsuas yog ob sab tau txiav tawm, thiab ob lub xub pwg tseem nyob rau sab. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no yuav muab tso rau ib hnub hauv dej. Ua ntej kev txiav, lub caj dab tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv ib qho tshwj xeeb hauv paus-tsim cov tshuaj Humate (rau qhov kev daws, tsuas yog 10 tee ntawm yeeb tshuaj rau ib lim dej twg). Nyob rau hauv tib daws yuav tsum tau muab tso thiab seedling.
Sab qaum ntawm qhov txiav tawm yog pom zoo rau quav. Qhov no yog ua kom txhawm rau txhim kho cov kev txuag ntawm cov dej noo, uas, nyeg, ua kom nws muaj peev xwm ua kom tus muaj peev xwm. Tab sis nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau ua tib zoo siv quav ciab: yuav kom tsis txhob raug mob, lub stalk tsuas yog momentarily tog mus rau melted paraffin thiab yog tam sim ntawd txias nyob rau hauv dej.
Yuav ua li cas yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws qhov chaw cog txiv hmab txiv ntoo "Monarch"?
Grapes yog heev fond ntawm tshav ntuj, uas tsis muaj tus neeg siv khoom noj kom loj hlob ntawm cov berries tsis tuaj nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog contraindicated txias cua, uas yog feem ntau cov uas tshuab los ntawm sab qaum teb. Vim li no, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau cog nws nyob ze ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm cov vaj tse, uas nyob rau tib lub sij hawm yuav yog ob qho tib si cua tiv thaiv thiab kev txhawb nqa rau kev ntsug ntsug.
Tsis tas li ntawd, hom av nyob rau hauv uas grapes yog cog yog tseem ceeb heev. Qhov no nroj tsuag yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws haum rau lub ntsws. xau nrog optimum ya raws theem.
Nyuaj heev yog cov av nplaum thiab dej nraum. Nws yuav tsis tau ua kom tau zoo ciaj sia taus ntawm cov txiv hmab hauv cov xuab zeb.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog dub av nrog av on txog 1.5 meters. Yog hais tias lawv tuaj li siab dua - nco ntsoov ua lub cev kua rau ntawm qhov chaw, digging ib zawj los yog ib yam dab tsi zoo li lub pas dej. Txwv tsis pub, cog grapes yuav tsum tau tso tseg.
Txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws los cog cov txiv hmab "Monarch", thiab lub sijhawm twg los xaiv?
Peb twb hais saum toj no hais tias qhov landing ntawm lub Monarch yuav nqa tawm raws li siv varietal seedlings, thiab grafting Tshuag nyob rau qub grape shtamb. Txawm li cas los, nws yog tsim nyog xav tias qhov tseeb hais tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev tshwm sim nyob rau hauv saj muaj peev xwm muab lub grapes, uas cog rau nws tus kheej keeb kwm. Txawm li cas los cog rau ntawm ib tug Tshuag yuav ua kom ib tug ceev nkag ntawm lub vine thaum lub sij hawm fruiting lub sij hawm thiab siab dua yields nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov xyoo.
Yog hais tias koj tau xaiv los cog ib sapling, nws yog qhov zoo dua rau nqa nws tawm nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, txij li thaum lub sapling tolerates lub caij ntuj no heev phem heev, raws li nws yog tsis sheltered. Rau grafting grapes "Monarch" yog zoo meej rau ob lub caij nplooj ntoo thiab caij nplooj zeeg. Tom qab tag nrho, txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav ua tau nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev:
- Graft "dub" graft rau tib grape shtamb.
- Graft ib tug ntsuab soj caum rau ntsuab qia ntawm ib tug laus Bush.
- Ua ntej nrog "black" graft mus rau ib qho tag nrho boom.
Yuav ua li cas cog grapes nrog ib sapling?
Yuav ua li cas npaj rau cog ib sapling peb twb tau piav saum toj no, tam sim no nws yog mus npaj lub aub tsiv. Nws tob yog feem ntau ua ob mus rau peb lub sij hawm qhov loj ntawm hauv paus system ntawm seedling. Qhov no yog ua nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tso rau hauv nws kuj yog ib tug sib tov ntawm humus nrog rau hauv av. Lub chiv yog tau ntim nrog lwm txheej ntawm lub ntiaj teb, tsis tov nrog cov organic teeb meem los yog pob zeb hauv av chiv (txwv tsis pub muaj ib qho siab qhov yuav tsum tau kub ntawm cov keeb kwm ntawm ib tug txiv hmab txiv ntoo seedling).
Tom ntej, noj peb cov yub thiab me ntsis txiav nrog ib tug ntse riam los yog shears lub tswv yim ntawm nws cov keeb kwm. Nws yog tsim nyog los ua tib zoo txo cov yub rau hauv lub qhov taub kom nws lub hauv paus caj dab tsis tau poob rau hauv lub qhov taub. Tom qab ntawd, peb maj bury lub qhov taub, ua kom paub meej tias lub keeb kwm tsis raug puas tsuaj thiab tsis muaj qhov chaw dawb ntawm lawv.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom khawb ib qho kev txhawb zog ze ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo seedling. Tom qab cog, cov txiv hmab yog cov dej sib zog, uas yam tsawg 30 liters dej siv (tab sis nws tseem ceeb txaus siab rau cov huab cua puag).
Dab tsi yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hais txog kev siv cov tshuaj Graping Monarch grape?
Lub cuttings ntawm no ntau yam muaj peev xwm hauv paus. Yog li, yog cov txiav tau xaiv zoo, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob txhawj txog seb nws yuav tau siv rau Tshuag Khoom. Tab sis txawm li cas los, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau mus rau nws cov thwj thwj, uas tau npaj tau zoo tsis yog qhov khoom plig xwb, tab sis kuj qis. Hauv particular shtamb yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo ntxuav, ua nws kiag li tus kheej thiab so txhua qhov av nrog ib daim ntaub damp.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub Tshuag faib nyob rau hauv nruab nrab thiaj li hais tias qhov txiav fits zoo nyob rau hauv nws. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom txo qhov txiav mus rau sab hauv ntawm lub Tshuag thiaj li tsuas yog nws qhov trimmed qhov yog muab zais rau hauv kev cais. Tom qab no shtamb khov kho nruj thiab smeared nrog av nplaum.
Kev tu cov txiv hmab "Monarch" - dab tsi yuav tsum tsis txhob nco?
Nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm grapes koj yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tau ceev faj, vim hais tias cov nroj tsuag no tau zoo heev txo nws cov tawm los nyob rau hauv qhaj ntawv ntawm kom pruning thiab watering. Ib qho tseem ceeb tseem ua los ntawm hnav khaub ncaws thiab tu cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm lub txiv hmab.
Watering - cov hom phiaj thiab kev coj ua
Welding cov txiv hmab yuav tsum tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm muaj zog droughts thiab on xau uas khaws noo noo nyob rau hauv lawv tus kheej tsis zoo. Nyob rau hauv zoo av, nws tsis yog feem ntau yuav tsum tau mus rau dej nws feem ntau, nws yuav txaus kom muaj ob waterings ua ntej pib ntawm flowering thiab tom qab kawg ntawm lub sij hawm no. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, koj yuav tsum saib xyuas cov theem ntawm cov av noo thiab dej yog tias tsim nyog.
Mulching thiab hnav khaub ncaws ntawm grapes - lub ntsiab cai
Mulching, zoo li fertilizer nrog pob zeb hauv av chiv, plays ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug grape Bush.
Hauv particular mulching, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd los pab khaws cia zoo npaum li cas ntawm noo noo nyob rau hauv cov av, kuj nourishes lub keeb kwm ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Tseeb, raws li mulch rau grapes, feem ntau yog siv yog stubborn humus, uas yog hlua rau ntawm cov av saum npoo nrog ib txheej ntawm 3 centimeters.
Poov tshuaj thiab phosphorus zoo heev haum raws li pob zeb hauv av chiv rau grapes. Nws yog cov minerals uas muaj ib tug heev zoo ntxim rau kev loj hlob ntawm grapes. Nws yog tsim nyog los coj lawv cov khoom me me ncaj qha mus rau hauv av thaum lub sijhawm loos. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis tsim nyog tso lawv ncaj nraim rau hauv shtab nws tus kheej, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv no txoj kev nws yuav ua puas, thiab nws tseem tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm absorbing chiv.
Nws tseem yog nthuav mus nyeem txog qhov Autumn ua ntawm grapes.
Peb chaw nkaum ib nplooj txiv ntoo rau lub caij ntuj no
Yuav kom npog grapes zoo, Bush yuav tsum zoo txiav, txo nws lub caij thiab muab tso rau hauv av. Tom qab ntawd nws them nrog quav nyab thiab qhwv. Txawm li cas los xij, tag nrho cov kev ntsuas no yog ntsuas tawm tsuas yog tias qhov kub poob qis tshaj 25 ° C nyob hauv koj thaj av. Yog tias koj muaj dej sov, koj tuaj yeem txwv koj tus kheej mus rau cov av.
Pruning grapes "Monarch" - dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb kom paub?
Bush ntawm no ntau yam yog feem ntau tsim los ntawm plaub tes tsho. Trimming yog pom zoo rau nws - yog li ntawd tsuas yog 4-6 qhov muag yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawmthaum tawm hauv lub hav zoov txog 40 xyoo. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob khuv xim lub grapes thaum pruning, vim hais tias ib tug loj pes tsawg tus tua yuav tsuas ua rau ib tug txo nyob rau hauv qhov zoo ntawm qoob loo. Grapes yog pruned heev dua lwm yam thaum lub sij hawm thaum nws nyob ntawm so. Thiaj grapes tsis yog ntxov tshaj lub sij hawm ntawm tsim ntawm peas on lawv.
Kev tiv thaiv ntawm grape Bush ntau yam "Monarch" los ntawm tus kab mob
Txawm tias muaj qhov tseeb hais tias lub txiv hmab "Monarch" yog suav hais tias yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau cov Sustainable, nws muaj peev xwm qee zaus ntaus dew. Yuav kom tsis txhob raug puas tsuaj rau ntawm nplooj ntoo nyom thiab qoob loo ntawm tus kab mob no, nco ntsoov nqa tawm txau rau kev tiv thaiv. Raws li ib lub tshuaj rau txau ntau dua. 1% Bordeaux kua. Txau yog nqa nrog cov qub raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ywg dej.
