Ib qho ntawm nrov ntau yam ntawm Kua ntoo, uas nws txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov ripen, muaj peev xwm raug hu ua ntau yam Mantet.
Nws yog bred los ntawm Canadian breeders nyob rau hauv 1928, los ntawm ntuj pollination ntawm xws li ntau yam li Moscow Grushevka.
Tab sis, qhov twg yog qhov zoo ntawm no tsob ntoo kua, zoo li cas yog qhov zoo, puas muaj cov kev tsis zoo, los yog puas muaj kev xyiv fab hauv kev tu ib tsob ntoo kua?
Ntaus qib
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov ntoo Kua ntoo yog cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nrog cov nqaij dawb thiab kev sib tw, qab zib thiab qab ntsev, muaj qaub ncaug tshwj xeeb, noj qab haus huv nrog cov khoom noj qab zib zoo. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj xws li cov tshuaj lig kev cai li fructose, pectins, P-active tshuaj, ascorbic acid.
Txiv apples pib ripen los ntawm xaus ntawm Lub Xya hli ntuj, thiab mus txuas ntxiv mus hu nkauj kom txog thaum pib ntawm Autumn. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog sai sai sai ripen thiab overripe, lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripped tsis khaws cia rau ntev.
Lub kua ntoo, ntau Mantet, bears txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm nruab nrab loj. Qhov hnyav ntawm ib lub kua ncav cuag 90-180 gram. Lawv cov duab yog qhov nruab nrab ntawm txoj hlua khi, conical, nyob rau sab saud muaj ib qho me me me.
Cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog daj-ntsuab los yog kiag li xim daj nrog lub ci liab liab. Lawv cov tawv nqaij nyias nyias thiab tus. Cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog qhov nqaim thiab me me.
Qhov ntev thiab tuab ntawm qia, i.e. nws yog ntev, nruab nrab, tuab los yog nyias.
Tus kws sau kua kua yog me me, tais thiab nqaim. Cov noob txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov me me, muaj ib daim duab voos, qhov ntxeev ntawm cov noob yog blunt, thiab xim yog tsaus xim av.
Tsob Ntoo
Tsob ntoo ntawm Kua ntoo ntau yam Mantet hlob medium loj. Lub tsob ntoo muaj kua qaub, uas muaj ib qho qij zoo thiab muaj zog heev pob txha, nrhiav kev nce.
Tsob ntoo muaj kua, tawv, ntsuab, loj nplooj nrog ib qho elliptical duab. Qhov loj tshaj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog pom tsuas yog nyob rau kolchatka.
Nws tseem yog nthuav mus nyeem txog ntau ntau yam ntawm apples: lub caij ntuj sov, Autumn, lub caij ntuj no
Sau
Twb pib los ntawm peb lub xyoo ntawm kev loj hlob, ib tug heev zoo sau tau sau los ntawm ib tug kua txiv ntoo. Ntau Mantet txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau hauv ib xyoos. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nrog ib tug loj qoob loo, yog me me.
Ib tshwj xeeb feature ntawm Mantet ntau yam yog tias cov txiv apples tsis sown tib lub sij hawm, lawv ceev nrooj rov hu nkauj. Ntawm no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kom khiav ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab tsis nco lub pib ntawm lawv cov khoom. Cov tub ntxhais hluas ua cov txiv ntoo ntau dua cov laus. Kua ntoo Mantet belongs rau skoroplodny qib.
Tua
Kua tua xim av, articulated, nrog me grey lentils. Qhov ntau Mantet ntsuab nplooj, lawv yog cov loj, leathery, ci. Cov duab ntawm nplooj yog me ntsis elongated, elliptical. Qhov me ntsis elongated taub ntawm nplooj ntoos zoo li, nrog ib tug taw los yog tapered paus.
Du, du sheet phaj muaj me ntsis tsa, wavy, serrate ntug. Lub scape, nyob rau hauv lub Mantet kua ntau yam, yog cais los ntawm cov tua, nws yog tuab, ntev, overly xim nrog anthocyanin coloration. Thiab daim ntawv cog lus yog qhov loj me, tsis loj heev, zoo li awl.
Lub hauv paus tsob ntoo yog cov xeeb ntxwv ntawm nruab nrab-qhov loj qhov me me, lawv yog conical nyob rau hauv cov duab, convex thiab tshem tawm. Paj yog loj, nrog dawb thiab pink buds, tej zaum nrog ib tug liab tinge. Mantet ntau yam muaj oblong, lub teeb liab petals, ib tug luv luv pistil, thiab muaj stigmas hauv qab no anthers.
Virtues
Skoroplodnost, heev thaum ntxov ripening txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zoo heev dessert saj.
Disadvantages
Ib qho ntawm lub ntsiab tseem ceeb yuav hu ua txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ntau cov tua, lub fragility ntawm ntoo, lub propensity rau irregular fruiting ntawm cov laus laus ntoo.
Koj tuaj yeem tau Cov tsis zoo yog:
Muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm kev tsim kab mob xws li kab xau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog tias nws tau los nag;
Nws tolerates loj heev frosts, tsis pom zoo cog Mantet txiv apples nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam sab qaum teb, seedlings tej zaum yuav tuag;
Cov txiv apples, nqa ib tug zoo sau, maj poob lawv fecundity. Zoo yields tam sim no raws li nyob rau hauv ib lub xyoo, thiab nyob rau hauv lub xyoo fruitful feem ntau me me txiv apples dai ntawm tsob ntoo;
Qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm lub txee (tsis pub tshaj ib hlis), cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis tuaj yeem mus txog thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav, nws yog qhov zoo dua rau noj tam sim ntawd, los yog ua compote, jam, jam los ntawm lawv.
Tsaws nta
Av
Kua yog ib tug perennial nroj tsuag, yog li ntawd nws yuav tsum tau ceev faj thiab ua kom npaj ntawm cov av ua ntej cog seedlings. Lub neej ntev ntawm ib tsob ntoo tsuas muaj li 50 xyoo, thiab thoob plaws lub sij hawm tag nrho nws coj tau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo. Yog li yuav pib qhov twg?
Ua ntej koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab ntawm qhov chaw uas yav tom ntej kua ntoo Mantet yuav loj hlob. Qhov no yuav tsum yog ib qho chaw uas muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo los ntawm cov qauv, tsis hla qhov cua txias, thiab muaj cov tshav ntuj txaus.
Ntau Mantet yuav cog tau nyob rau hauv Autumn thiab lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog ua nws thaum lub sij hawm so lub sij hawm ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Nyob rau hauv Autumn, ib tug yuav tsum catch mus txog rau thawj pib frosty hnub, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav - ua ntej thawj buds Bloom thiab lub ntiaj teb tsis tag kom sov.
Tab sis yog hais tias Kua seedlings twb cog thaum lub sij hawm no, lawv yuav tsum tau ntxiv dej, vim hais tias tsis muaj noo noo leads mus rau ib tug ziab ntawm hauv paus system.
Gardeners pom zoo xaiv ib los yog peb lub caij ntuj sov ntoo rau cog, qhov no yog hnub nyoog tshaj plaws ntawm lub koog ntoo rau kev tu me nyuam sai.
On seedlings tshem tawm puas thiab rotten keeb kwm, tawg ceg.
Rau cov ntoo Kua Mantet haum loamy xau, tab sis nrog txoj kev tu ncua thiab tu ncua, nws tuaj yeem loj hlob nyob rau txhua lub teb chaws. Tom qab xaiv qhov chaw, koj yuav tsum saib xyuas ntawm lub qhov tsaws, ua kev npaj ntawm thaj av, ua kom tau raws lub sij hawm tsaws.
Tsaws aub tsiv pib digging ob peb lub hlis ua ntej cog ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo. Cov txheej txheem no tseem ceeb heev kom cov av ua denser thiab sab phab ntsa nqus ib qho dej txaus kom txaus.
Qhov loj ntawm lub qhov dej khwb nyob ntawm seb nyob rau theem ntawm av npaj, thiab dab tsi zoo nws muaj. Piv txwv, yog hais tias qhov chaw nrog fertile av yog dug, ces khawb ib lub me me. Qhov no pit yog siv rau kev tso tawm cov keeb kwm ntawm ib tsob ntoo kua. Qhov dav ntawm lub qhov dej yuav txog 40 cm, thiab qhov tob ncav 30-35 cm.
Ib tug loj cog pit yog dug nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshwm sim tias qhov chaw ntawm lub vaj teb tom ntej tsis tau dug li, los yog cov av rau ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv yog hnyav. Ib qhov yog dug mus rau ib qhov tob ntawm 70 cm, thiab nws dav yog 1 meter.
Muaj ib qho kev xaiv thib peb, qhov no yog thaum cov pob zeb, cov nplaum pob zeb thiab cov nplaum av nplaum muaj nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb, cov av tsis tau raug khawb thiab tsis khawb. Lub dav yog los ntawm 1 mus rau 1.2 meters, thiab qhov tob yog 1 meter.
Tom qab tus aub tsiv lawm, nws yuav tsum npaj. Cov pit yog sau nrog fertile av. Peat, compost, humus thiab rotted manure yog ntxiv mus rau lub Upper txheej ntawm aub tsiv. Xuab zeb yog ntxiv rau av nplaum av.
Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog ua kom muaj ntxhia chiv. Yuav kom sau qhov aub tsiv, cov av yuav tsum tau npaj rau hauv txheej: txhua txheej, 20 cm tuab, yog poured nrog fertilizer.
Tom qab ntawd cov av txheej yog tov thiab compacted. Tsis txhob hnov qab tias tom qab sau lub qhov tsoo yuav tsum tsim ib lub toj, vim hais tias hauv av nyhav zaum, thiab compacted, koj yuav tsis pub lub tsim ntawm ib tug funnel.
Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem cog qoob tsob ntoo. Ib lub me me yog ua, raws li qhov loj ntawm hauv paus system, thiab tsob ntoo yog kom zoo zoo cog.
Cov cai yooj yim rau cog seedlings Cov ceg ntoo kua ntoo:
- Ua tib zoo thiab ua tib zoo, ua ntej cog, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ncaj lub keeb kwm. Hauv paus system ntawm lub tsob ntoo kua yog sau nrog fertile av, thiab tom qab fertilizer.
- Nws yog tsim nyog los co co cov ntoo me ntsis, ces lub ntiaj teb yog zoo tshaj plaws tau sau nrog sapling.
- Ib ncig ntawm cog seedling yog pom zoo rau stamp hauv av nyob rau hauv lub qhov, yog li nws yuav zoo dua mus rau dej thiab fertilize.
Lub xeem kauj ruam - watering seedlings. Tus nqi ntawm watering yog 15-20 liv dej rau ib tsob ntoo. Av mulching yog nqa tawm los ntawm humus los yog los ntawm nplooj.
Txij li thaum lub cev ntawm tsob ntoo yog nyias thiab muaj peev xwm heev puas los yog khoov nyob rau hauv muaj zog cua, nws yog pom zoo kom khi nws mus rau peb pegs.
Kev kho mob nta
Mantet kua ntau hom kev kho mob tsis txawv ntawm lwm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo: cov nroj tsuag raug tshem tawm, av xoob nyob ib ncig ntawm ib tsob ntoo, av digging, kev npaj ntawm qhov chaw cog, kev txiav cov ntoo, raws sij hawm dej ntawm seedlings, whitewashing ntawm kua ntoo stems.
Lub kob tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau nquag muaj dej ntau, ib zaug ib lub lim tiam. Tab sis tsis txhob mus nqa deb, raws li ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm dej yuav muaj ib tug detrimental nyhuv ntawm tsob ntoo. Nqa hauv fertilizer ib xyoos ib zaug:
humus, sulfuric poov tshuaj (20 grams) thiab superphosphate (50 grams). Es tsis txhob sulfuric poov tshuaj, ntoo tshauv yuav siv tau.
Pruning ceg ntoo nqa tawm nyob rau hauv thiaj li los txhim kho fruiting, tshem tawm qhuav thiab puas ceg, txhua xyoo tua. Txiav cov xim tha xim nrog lub vaj teb.
Rau prophylaxis los ntawm ntau cov kab mob, nyob rau hauv Ntxiv nrog rau spraying lub crown ntawm ib tsob ntoo, tshem tawm cov laus bark los ntawm perennial nroj tsuag. Cov chaw nyob qhov twg lub tsho tau tawg tawm, xuas av, ua li txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nkag mus ntawm ntau yam kab mob mus rau hauv lub yas.
