Txhua cheeb tsam climatic muaj nws tus kheej cov yam ntxwv, thiab tsis tag nrho cov kua ntau yam yog tsim rau nws. Kom cog qoob cog ntoo zoo heev thiab tau txais zoo heev los ntawm nws, koj yuav tsum tau paub txog koj tus kheej nrog tag nrho cov nta ntawm cov kua ntoo.
Niaj hnub no peb yuav xaiv ntau yam rau Northwest climatic cheeb tsam thiab xav txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm lawv cov cog.
Peb tau ntsib nrog ntau hom ntoo ntawm lub North-West
Tsi ntawm apples "Antonovka Ordinary"
Ib feem ntau cov kua ntoo, bred los ntawm lub teb chaws breeders thaum pib ntawm lub xeem tiam. Nws cawm tau zoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv Central Russia, nyob rau hauv nws North-West cheeb tsam, nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm tag nrho cov Belarus thiab sab qaum teb thaj tsam ntawm Ukraine. Thaum ntxov lub caij ntuj no apples "Antonovki" txawv hauv kev nthuav qhia zoo thiab nyob hauv ib qho tseem ceeb hauv lub khw ua lag luam.
Qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yeej yog nruab nrab. Cov duab tuaj yeem ua ob kab thiab sib npaug. Txawm hais tias tsob ntoo feem ntau yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo ib-qhov loj, qee qhov muaj me ntsis kev sib ceg rau calyx. Ribbing yog cov cim zoo.
Lub tev ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog sim nrog ib tug me rustiness nyob ze lub funnel. Cov xim ntawm lub apples, uas yog twb npaj rau tshem tawm, yog greenish-daj. Tab sis tom qab ib lub caij nyoog ntawm dag apples tag nrho daj. "Blush" nyob rau hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog tsawg.
Cov nqaij ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm "Antonovka Ordinary" yog heev muaj kua, yellowish nyob rau hauv qhov pib ntawm tag nrho ripeness. Saj nyob rau hauv apples ntawm no ntau yam qab zib thiab qaub, tab sis nrog ib tug yam ntxwv txawv acidity, uas tau los ua ib tug zoo ntawm benchmark thaum lub sij hawm.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm "Antonovka" muaj ib tug heev qab ntxiag thiab stimulating tsw qab los noj mov. 100 grams ntawm ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo "Antonovka" muaj kwv yees li 17 mg ntawm ascorbic acid.
Vigorous tsob ntoo "Antonovki" nce mus txog ib qho loj lojtias, txawm li cas los, tseem tsis cuam tshuam gardeners. Lub crown pib tau txais ib lub qij duab, tab sis nrog rau cov tsim ntawm fruiting li nws expands ib me ntsis, ceg ceg nqis tsawg mus rau hauv av. Cov ceg ntawm tsob ntoo tawm ntawm nws lub cev ntawm ib kaum ntawm 70 degrees, lawv tsim muaj coob tus txiv hmab txiv ntoo bearing rings.
Qhov ntau yam yog ua tau sai sai thiab txhim kho kom haum cov kab mob tshiab. Tawm "Antonovki" siab, ntawm qhov nruab nrab, sib npaug zos rau ob puas npaug ntawm ib hectare. Muaj neeg mob thaum txog li 1 kilograms ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo raug tua los ntawm ib tus ntoo Antonovka.
Qhov kev nthuav qhia siab ntawm cov txiv apples, zoo tshaj plaws saj thiab cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo siv rau hauv raw daim ntawv thiab tom qab ua tiav. Frost tsis kam thiab kab mob nyob rau hauv ntau yam siab.
Fruiting nyob rau hauv cov ntoo ntau yam pib 7-8 xyoo tom qab cog ntoo. Txawm yog qhov tseeb tias yav tom ntej qhov kev nplua mias ntawm lawv cov qoob loo, tsob ntoo tau txais, ntau tus neeg tsis kam cog nws. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cia rau tsuas yog 3 lub hlis xwb, qhov ze ze rau cov ntoo hauv thaj tsam sab qab teb yog cog, qhov ntau dua ntawd fruiting nrog lub hnub nyoog kom lawv yuav tsis tas mus li.
Ntau hom txiv apples "Anise Striped" ("Anise Grey")
Lwm ntau yam uas tsis muaj niam txiv. Txawm li cas los, qhov no tsis ploj zuj zus mus. Zoo zoned rau North-West Russia. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripen lig, nyob rau hauv Lub kaum hli ntuj.
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo feem ntau yog ib sab, me me los sis me ntsis me tshaj me me. Lawv cov duab yog sib npaug, ntxeev, me ntsis conical los ze zog mus rau lub khob. Cov cwj pwm zoo sau cov cim ribbing. Cov tawv nqaij ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo mature yog tus, tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub funnel, roughness thiab roughness tej zaum yuav tshwm sim. Yam ntxwv ciab quav txheej. Cov xim ntawm ripened txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog lub teeb ntsuab, them nrog ib tug mottled-striped "blush" pinkish hue.
Thaum matured, cov nqaij kis tau ib tug dawb-greenish xim thiab nplua-grained qauv. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo juiciness yog siab. Lub qab zib thiab qaub saj yog nrog los ntawm ib tug heev qab ntxiag aniseed aroma, uas yog ntsoov txawm tsis txiav ib lub kua. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm ascorbic acid yog ib qho tseem ceeb, tsuas yog 7 mg ib 100 grams ntawm Kua.
Lub zog uas loj hlob zuj zus "Anis Striped" muaj qhov sib dhos ntawm lub cev heev. Lub crown muaj ntawm skeletal ceg ntawm medium thickness. Lub bark rau ntawm ceg ntawm xim av, tsiag ntawv los ntawm roughness. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo-kev coj tus kheej ntawm tsob ntoo yog hmuv thiab kolchati. Zoo adaptability thiab stability tsob ntoo tau cog lus tias nws lub cev muaj zog: nws muaj peev xwm nyob thiab ua txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntev txog li 100 xyoo.
Qhov ntau yam yog resistant mus rau Frost thiab drought. Fruiting generously: mus ntawm ib tsob ntoo txog 300 kilograms txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Yeej nyob rau hauv lwm yam ntau yam ntawm nws durability thiab saj ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Rau kev siv, lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog haum tsis tsuas raw, tab sis kuj raws li ziab, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, mov paj, tso zis.
Inferior mus rau lwm yam ntau ntawm "Anis" nrog lub me me ntawm lawv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Txee lub neej lawv siab kawg nkaus xwb 2 lub hlis, cov ntoo ua fruiting thaum lub hnub nyoog ntawm 5-6 xyoo. Qhov ntau yam yog nws tus kheej infertile. Vim lub nplua mais ntawm loo yuav ua tau manifested periodicity ntawm fruiting.
Nws tseem yog nthuav los nyeem txog qhov zoo tshaj plaws columnar kua ntau yam rau cheeb tsam Moscow
Nqe lus piav ntau yam ntawm apples "Grushevka Moskovskaya" ("Grushovka", "Skorospelka")
Qhov no ntau yam yog thaum ntxov lub caij ntuj sov thiab pleases nrog nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv thawj hnub heev ntawm lub yim hli ntuj. Nws tshwm sim raws li ib tug ntawm cov dag zog ntawm lub teb chaws breeders. Zoo nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam North-West thiab Ural.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no tsi me me. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv zoo li ib tug turnip - ntseeg tau flattened. Muaj suab tsis muaj ribbing. Tsis muaj xeb ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij muaj ntau ntau ntawm cov dawb.
Cov xim ntawm ripened txiv hmab txiv ntoo, npaj txhij rau txiav tawm, yog daj-ntsuab. Tom qab lub sijhawm pw tsaug zog lawv ua dawb. Lub ntsiab xim yog them nrog ib plooj "ntsej mua nce ntshav" thiab pinkish kab txaij.
Cov xim ntawm pulp ntawm no ntau yam yog feem ntau dawb nrog ib tug daj tinge, tab sis nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij nws yuav ua tau pinkish. Juiciness siab. Lub saj yog heev me ntsis, aromatic, Sweet-qaub nrog ib tug qhia tau predominance ntawm acid. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm ascorbic acid nyob rau hauv cov nqaij yog insignificant, txog 9.3 mg ib 100 grams txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Tsob Ntoo dua vigorous. Crohn nyob rau ntawm ib tug me nyuam lub hnub nyoog muaj ib lub dav pyramidal, uas nrog nce nyob rau hauv qoob loo volumes hloov mus rau hauv spherical. Cov ceg yog muaj zog thiab coarse, ntau ntawm nplooj. Fruiting nyob rau hauv cov chav kawm no tsuas yog kolchatki.
Cov ntoo ntawm no ntau yam yog heev thaum ntxov pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntootshaj feem ntau them tag nrho lwm yam shortcomings. High-yielding. Txoj kev mus rau Frost yog siab, ntau tshaj qhov tsis kam ntawm lwm yam ntau yam rau sab qaum teb-West cheeb tsam. Maturation, raws li tau sau tseg, yog heev thaum ntxov.
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov me me thiab tsis ua ke ib txhij (vim li no lawv yuav poob). Lub txee lub neej ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog tsuas yog 2-3 lub lim tiam, yog li ntawd lawv yog haum rau tshiab tau noj thiab rau squeezing juices. Txoj kev mus rau scab yog nruab nrab.
Ntau hom txiv apples "Astonisk": piav qhia
Tsis zoo li yav dhau los, qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav ntawm cov kws kho mob thiab kws tshuaj, thiab nws niam nws txiv yog Pepinka Lithuanian thiab Anis. Cov ntau yam yog lub caij ntuj no, nws cov kab zauv siab tshaj plaws tau txais nyob rau hauv North-West cheeb tsam.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhov no ntau yam me me tab sis cua txaus. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv, lawv flattened thiab puag ncig. Daim tawv nqaij yog du, npog nrog ib tug nyias muaj nyias lo. Lub ntsiab xim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog lub teeb ntsuab. Qhov npog xim yog nthuav qhia nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib blurry "blush", uas muaj ib tug maub liab mog. Txij li thaum lub topcoat occupies yuav luag tag nrho saum npoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, lub kua ntoo muaj ib qho xim reddish xim.
Cov nqaij yog feem ntau greenish, tab sis vim cov kev siv ntawm lub topcoat, nws yog pinkish nyob ze ntawm daim tawv nqaij nyob rau hauv feem ntau ntau yam. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo juiciness yog siab. Cov qauv ntawm cov nqaij yog nplua-grained. Saj rated los ntawm tasters zoo li ib tug zoo, muaj ib qho khoom qab zib qab zib. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm ascorbic acid nyob rau hauv lub pulp yog 15 mg ib 100 grams txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Lub zog-loj hlob tsob ntoo ntawm no ntau yam muaj ib tug sib npaug crown. Txawm li cas los, dhau sij hawm, nws, ris tsho los ntawm cov qoob loo, nthuav tawm me ntsis thiab wilts. Lub crown muaj loj ceg ntawm skeletal hom thiab nyias ceg. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas coj tus tsob ntoo yog cov iav thiab ib txoj laj.
Tawm no ntau yam yog pom tsis tu ncua. Qhov kev nthuav qhia ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog heev siab, uas yog ensured los ntawm ib tug kaj kom zoo nkauj xim. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog muab rau ib lub sij hawm ntev heev, kom txog thaum Lub Ob Hlis. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov zoo dua ntawm no ntau yam yog saj ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Txawm li ntawd los, qhov uas twb tsis loj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog lub hnub nyoog ntawm tsob ntoo pib ntsws. Rau qhov no yog vim li cas, tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau tu thiab kev txiav ntawm cov ceg kom tsim kho kev loj hlob ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Los ntawm txoj kev, tsob ntoo teb mus pruning zoo kawg nkaus. Fruiting pib yeej yog los ntawm 5-7 xyoo.
Kua ntau "Cinnamon tshiab"
Qhov no ntau yam yog rau lub caij nplooj zeeg lig. Nws niam nws txiv yog ntau yam "Cinnamon Striped" thiab "Welsey". Rau nws txoj kev loj hlob tsis yog yuav tsum tau dub av, yog li nws yog dav dav thoob plaws hauv cheeb tsam ntawm North-West cheeb tsam thiab hauv Central. Qhov ntau yam yog cultivated by pib xyaum ua gardeners thiab entrepreneurs nyob rau hauv loj industrial teb.
Qhov loj ntawm lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog tus loj: nruab nrab qhov hnyav ranges ntawm 130 mus 160 grams. Cov duab ntawm ripe apples yog sib npaug conical, muaj tseeb. One-dimensional txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Cov tawv nqaij yog tuab heev, tab sis tus.
Muaj ntau ntau cov ntsiab lus hauv subcutaneous, lawv yog grayish los yog txawm xeb nyob rau hauv no ntau yam. Cov xim ntawm lub ntsiab xim yog greenish daj. Tshaj tag nrho saum npoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj coob tus ntawm cov pob txha plhu thiab cov specks uas yog topcoat.
Lub creamy cev nqaij daim tawv tsis heev ntom rau hauv cov qauv thiab heev ilv nyob rau hauv saj. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo juiciness yog siab, lub qab zib thiab qaub khoom qab zib ntawm Cinnamon Tshiab yog qhov sib ntxiv los ntawm ib tug heev qab ntxiag aroma. 100 grams ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj txog 15 mg ntawm ascorbic acid.
Tsob ntoo ntawm no ntau yam siab hlob. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los ntawm ib lub dav pyramidal, tom qab ib lub voj voog loj. Tsis tas li ntawd lub crown yog tuab heev, muaj cov ceg ntoo loj ntawm cov kab mob skeletal. Cov ceg raug muab tso rau ntawm lub cev ntawm ib qho mob. Fruiting feem ntawm tsob ntoo yog ntseg tsho.
Qhov zoo dua ntawm no ntau yam yog nws zoo heev ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv tsos thiab saj, txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Tshiab noj ntawm apples "Cinnamon Tshiab" kav mus txog Lub Ib Hlis Ntuj. Ripened txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis poob tawm ntawm lawv tus kheej. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, tsob ntoo nws tus kheej yog heev resistant rau Frost thiab scab.
Txawm li cas los fruiting ib tsob ntoo qhov no ntau yam pib lig - tsuas yog 6-7 xyoo tom qab cog. Txawm tias muaj tseeb tias nrog lub hnub nyoog, tus tawm los tsuas nce, tus ntoo yuav pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo ib ntus. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub vev hnyav crown yog heev tsis khab sej ntawm sau thiab siv ntau qhov chaw hauv lub vaj. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tawg los ntawm high temperatures.
Kev kho kom zoo - txhua yam koj yuav tsum paub txog ntau yam ntawm North-West cheeb tsam
Peb txiav cov kua ntoo ntawm cov ntau yam
Txij li thaum cov ntoo ntawm North-Western cheeb tsam yog vigorous thiab neeg nyob hauv ntau qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub vaj, lawv yuav tsum tau tas li pruned. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog yau, txoj kev no yuav cia tsis tas yuav tsim ib daim ntawv kom muaj tseeb thiab yooj yim, tab sis tseem ua rau kom zoo thiab qhov loj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nyob rau hauv txiv hmab txiv ntoo-kev coj tus kheej ntoo, pruning yog tsuas yog tsom rau tshem tawm puas thiab qhuav ceg.
Tam sim no hais txog cov nta ntawm fertilizer
Ntau npaum li cas thiab ntau npaum li cas rau fertilize ib tsob ntoo kua yuav feem ntau nyob ntawm tsis ntau, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov av uas nws yog cog. Yog hais tias cov av yog fertile, ces fertilizer yog xyaum tsis xav tau.Tej zaum ib xyoos ib zaug, koj muaj peev xwm ntxiv ib tsob ntoo nrog ib qho kev daws uas muaj nitrogen - qhov no txhawb qhov chaw thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Txawm li cas los, yog hais tias cov av tsis heev fertile, ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm humus thiab peat yog nkag mus rau nws thaum ncaj qha cog. Tsis tas li ntawd.
Sab saum toj-hnav khaub ncaws yuav ua tau mus txog 6 zaus hauv ib lub xyoo, nrog rau ntxiv ntawm nitrogen, superphosphates thiab cov ntsev tov kua ntsev.
Kuv yuav tsum tau dej tsob ntoo?
Lub kua ntoo suab tsis tas yuav tsum tau ywg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nws txhawj txog cov ntoo siab uas sawv cev rau North-Western ntau yam. Dej tsuas xav tau sapling tam sim tom qab cog thiab tshaj lub hli tom ntej ntawm cov pob txha ntawm ob lub lis piam.
Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias lub caij ntuj sov yuav qhuav heev, ces ywg dej rau lub ncuav yuav tsum yog - tsawg kawg 5 thoob dej yuav tsum muaj rau ib tus neeg laus laus.
Kev tu ib tsob ntoo hauv lub caij ntuj no
Thaum npaj ib lub vaj rau lub caij ntuj no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xav txog nws tsis kam mus rau qhov loj heev frosts. Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhov tob ntawm lub hauv paus - nws nyob ntawm seb qhov tob ntawm av khov yuav ua tau rau koj cov kua ntoo.
Cov ntau yam ntawm lub North-Western cheeb tsam yog siab, yog li lub hauv paus system ntawm cov ntoo yog tseem tob. Ua ntej lub caij ntuj no okolostvolny Circle yuav tsum nteg ib txheej ntawm peat thiab humus txog 10 centimeters siab. Nrog rau tuaj txog ntawm Frost, lub txheej yuav tau nce, nrog rau vim lub snow uas poob tawm.
Qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws rau cov kua ntoo nyob rau lub caij ntuj no yog nas. Los tiv thaiv tsob ntoo los ntawm lawv, khi ib lub cev ntoo mus rau qis ceg nrog spruce ceg. Zoo dua tsis tau, twirl nws nrog ruberoid. Yog li, cov nas tsuag yoo tsis ncav lub cev.
Cog Kua Tsob Ntoo rau hauv Northwest Region
Yuav ua li cas lub sij hawm xaiv rau cog?
Txawm tias muaj tseeb tias ob qho tag nrho Autumn thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav cog yog haum rau Kua ntoo, thawj kev xaiv yog tseem zoo dua rau cov ntau yam. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias frosts nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam no tuaj yeem heev thaum ntxov, thiab seedling xav tau transplanted ob lub lis piam ua ntej nws tshwm sim.
Tib lub sij hawm, nws yuav hais tias thaum lub sij hawm hloov chaw tsob ntoo yuav tsis muaj sij hawm nkag mus rau hauv lub xeev ntawm kev ywj pheej thiab koj tuaj yeem ua rau nws ntau heev thaum hloov.
Caij nplooj ntoos hlav cog qoob loo yuav tsum noj ob peb hnub tom qab lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg tiav ntawm cov daus thiab av.
Yuav tsum muaj cov av li cas?
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv rau lub Kua ntawm cheeb tsam hais tseg yog fertile loam nrog kua fais fab. Nws yog categorically contraindicated rau lub kua ntau hom piav qhia saum toj no uas yog av nplaum thiab cov av qeeg. Av nrog ib theem siab ntawm acidity yuav tsis ua haujlwm (tab sis nws yuav tsum tau quenched los ntawm kev ntxiv nitrate rau cov av).
Mus tsaws
Lub qhov yuav tsum tau dug ua ntej - 2-4 lub lis piam ua ntej cog. Txawm hais tias yog hais tias nws yog ib lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav cog - yam tsawg kawg nyob rau hauv 3-4 hnub. Nyob rau hauv qab ntawm aub tsiv, saum txheej ntawm av yog poured nrog humus thiab peat. Peb khi nws thiab kis lub keeb kwm ntawm seedling.
Tee lub seedling nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev uas ib tug paus ntseg tsho nyob saum cov av. Tom ntej, kom zoo zoo compact cov av thiab ncuav lub seedling nrog 2-3 thoob dej.
