Juicy thiab fragrant apples ntawm Semerenko ntau yam yog npaj txhij rau sau los ntawm kawg ntawm lub Cuaj Hli. Muaj ntau tus neeg nyiam kom muaj kev txaus siab rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo-qab zib, tab sis lub hauv paus ntawm ntau yam tseem tsis paub hnub no. L.P. Simirenko, ib tug Ukrainian breeder, thawj zaug piav no ntau thiab muaj npe nws tom qab nws txiv.
Tag nrho lub npe ntawm ntau yam yog "Rennet Plato Simirenko," tab sis tshaj lub sij hawm nws hloov mus rau hauv qhov zoo-paub thiab hlub Semenka ntau gardeners.
Apples "Semerenko" yog txawv kuj vim hais tias lawv tsis tau pom nyob rau hauv tej European horticultural sau. Qhov no ntau attracts thaum ntxov ripening, high tawm los thiab siab zoo txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Yam ntxwv ntawm Kua ntau yam "Semerenko"
Yog xav paub yuav ua li cas cais Semerenko Kua ntoo los ntawm lwm tus neeg, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau ntsib nrog ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm no ntau yam. Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg hais tias tag nrho cov yam ntxwv ntawm Semerenko Kua ntoo yog ntau tshaj li zoo meej.
Xws li cov ntoo yog cov siab heev, thiab lawv tuab kis crown yog me ntsis zoo li tus zoo li ib tug cauldron. Cov tawv ntoo ntawm cov pob tw thiab cov ceg ntoo muaj ib qho tsaus zuj zus, thiab thaum nws hits lub hnub lub rays nws ua tsaus txiv kab ntxwv.
Kua ntoo muaj ncaj los yog me ntsis curved tua ntawm medium tuab nrog tsawg lentils tsim nyog rau cov roj pauv hauv cov ceg ntoo. Cov ceg yog them nrog sib npaug nrog cov me ntsis elongated taub, lawv weakly tuab hauv nruab nrab ib feem thiab muaj ob-edged los yog ib-toothed ntug. Lub teeb ntsuab nplooj yog them nrog ib lub teeb thiab curved ntawm ib kaum ntawm txog 90 °.
Thaum lub sij hawm flowering lub sij hawm, cov ntoo yog them nrog dawb paj ntawm ib tug saucer-puab daim ntawv, thiab txhua kab ntawm lawv cov pistils yog devoid ntawm yam ntxwv omission.
Lub ntsiab zoo dua ntawm Semerenko ntau yam kua ntoo yog hais tias lawv tsim loj txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog ib lub teeb ntsuab xim thiab ib me ntsis asymmetric duab. Feem ntau, cov txiv qab zib muaj qhov ci ntsa iab ntau heev. Ib qho txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv yog tsim los ntawm cov qauv kev sib tw uas tuaj yeem ncav cuag li 7 hli hauv lub taub.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Cov neeg uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm gastric ulcer los yog gastritis, nws yog ib qhov zoo dua kom tsis txhob noj qaub-Sweet apples ntawm ntau yam "Semerenko", txij li ascorbic acid nyob rau hauv lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg tuaj yeem ua rau ib tug kab mob ntawm tus kab mob. Yog hais tias koj tseem xav noj ib cov kua tsw qab, nws yog qhov zoo dua rau nws ci.
Gardeners nco ntsoov tias lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo "Semerenko" muaj ib tug ntxiag nplua nuj tsw thiab muaj kua dawb cev. Lawv muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj vitamins ntxig C, A, PP, E, H thiab K, zoo li magnesium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, iron thiab sodium.Interesting cov ntaub ntawv rau cov neeg uas xav poob ceeb thawj yog tias calorie ntsiab lus ntawm ib Semerenko kua ncav 85 Kcal, uas yog ntau tshaj li, piv txwv li, cov ntsiab lus ntawm ib lub Kua ntawm Golden ntau yam yog 45 Kcal.
Pros thiab cons qoob
Cov neeg uas tab tom yuav loj hlob no ntau yam tsuas yog xav kom lawv paub lawv tus kheej nrog txhua qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm Semerenko Kua ntoo.
Koj puas paub? Apples ntawm Semerenko ntau yam, tsis zoo li lawv cov txheeb ze liab, tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim ua rau tsis haum, uas pub rau lawv noj los ntawm cov neeg uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm ib qho kev mob ntawm lub cev, lub neej yav tom ntej thiab cov niam tsev laus, thiab cov menyuam hnub nyoog qis dua ib xyoos.Qib kawm zoo:
- drought siab tev taus ntawm cov ntoo kom zoo zoo tawm los txawm nyob rau hauv tsis muaj qhaj nyob rau hauv qhuav lub caij ntuj sov tej yam kev mob;
- kev kawm siab;
- pib nkag mus rau hauv fruiting;
- siab zoo txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- cua poob siab ntawm cov ntoo;
- tau ntev ntawm kev khaws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Qib Kawm Txaus:
- cov ntoo tsis txhob cia qis dua kub kom pom qhov tseem ceeb;
- muaj cov tsis kam mus rau tshuaj tsw qab thiab powdery mildew;
- muaj ib lub koob yas, yuav tsum muaj qhov nruab taub.
Pollination ntawm ib qho kua ntoo ntawm ib qib "Semerenko"
Cov ntoo ntawm Semerenko ntau yam yog tus kheej-tsim, thiab yog li ntawd xav tau nyob ze rau Kua pollinators. Feem ntau haum rau cov hom phiaj yog cov kua ntau hom "Idared", "Memory Sergeyev", "Korey", "Kuban spur" thiab "Golden Delicious". Qee zaum, nws tseem ua tau rau lub Semerenko Kua ntoo kom self-pollinated, tab sis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no tsuas yog 11% ntawm tag nrho cov ovary yuav tsim.
Nta ntawm cog cov tub ntxhais hluas seedlings ntawm Kua ntau "Semerenko"
Muaj ntau tus neeg ua teb gardeners yuam kev ntseeg hais tias ib tsob ntoo yog ib tsob ntoo uas tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb, thiab yog li ntawd nws tuaj yeem ua tsis tau kev kho mob. Txawm li cas los, txawm ib tug tsis capricious maag, rau ib tug qub thiab ruaj fruiting, Kua ntau yam ntawm "Semerenko" xav tau cog thiab zoo saib xyuas.
Lub ntsiab feature ntawm ntau yam yog tias qhov aub tsiv rau cog seedlings yog npaj ua ntej, uas kom zoo av noo saturation nrog oxygen. Kom cog cov kua hauv av koj yuav tsum khawb qhov tsawg kawg yog 90 centimeters tob thiab 100 centimeters wide. Yog hais tias lub tsev kawm ntawv raug txwv los ntawm cov neeg pluag av, qhov tob tob ntawm lub qhov tsoo yuav tsum tau nce kom nws muaj peev xwm tau ua tiav nrog fertile av.
Kua seedlings "Semerenko" yog heev me ntsis, thiab yog li ntawd, tom qab yuav khoom yuav tsum tsis txhob cia cog cov khoom rau ntev dhau lawm, hom phiaj nws yog zoo dua cog qoob rau hauv av tam sim ntawd. Nyob rau hauv exceptional mob, koj muaj peev xwm tuav lub seedlings rau ob peb hnub nyob rau hauv qab daus los yog nyob rau hauv lub prikope. Thaum khaws cov kab mob hauv prikop, nws muab tso rau hauv kev sib tshuam ntawm ib kaum ntawm 45 ° thiab nphoo nrog av me ntsis.
Thaum twg nws zoo dua rau cov nroj tsuag
Txiav cuttings ntawm Kua ntoo ntawm Semerenko ntau yam yog nqa tawm ob zaug ib xyoos: nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos poob tom qab nplooj ntoos caij nplooj ntoos zeeg thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thaum lub buds on sprouts tseem tsis tau blossomed. Thaum xaiv seedlings, nyiam yuav tsum tau muab rau cov ntoo uas tsis muaj kab mob uas tsis pub muaj kab mob thiab cov uas muaj kev noj qab nyob zoo.
Qhov twg zoo dua rau cog
Yog hais tias koj npaj kom cog Semerenko Kua ntoo nyob rau koj lub cuab ntxhiab, ces koj yuav tsum tau pib npaj cov pits ua ntej. Tag nrho cov lus qhia yog hais tias cov pits rau seedlings ntawm no ntau yam yog npaj rau 6, los yog zoo dua 12 lub hlis, thiab chaw zoo-zes raug xaiv rau lawv cov creation.
Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas cov av nyob hauv thaj chaw tsis yog tshaj thiab tsis siv los ntawm av. Yog hais tias cov dej hauv av nyob ze ze rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw cog, ces nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los kho cov kua dej.
Stepwise tsaws txheej txheem
Planting Semerenko ntau yam ntoo tsob ntoo yog ib qho yooj yim kev tshwm sim, thiab cov hauv qab no yuav pab cov neeg tuaj tshiab los daws qhov hauj lwm no kom raug. cov kauj ruam ntawm kauj ruam qhia:
- peb npaj ua ntej ib qhov ntawm 1 los yog 1.5 meters ntawm qhov dav thiab yam tsawg 90 centimeters tob;
- peb npaj ib qho kev ua kua hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov taub, uas yog cov cib txhuam tawg los yog pov pob tawg;
- soak rau 24 teev cov keeb kwm ntawm lub stalk nyob rau hauv dej;
- Tam sim ntawd ua ntej yuav poob siab, peb muab lawv mus rau hauv ib lub ntsej muag av nplaum, uas yuav txhim kho lawv txoj hauv av;
- peb tsim lub hauv paus system ntawm txiav nyob rau hauv lub toj thiab sprinkle nws nrog lub ntiaj teb;
- nyob rau hauv thaj chaw stalk, cov av yuav tsum tas yuav tsum tau compacted thiab ib lub voj voos ua los ntawm nws, uas yuav tsis pub dej rau txeej thaum lub sij hawm dej;
- tom qab cog cov nroj tsuag yog zoo watered, uas yuav pab txhawb rau ib tug zoo dua thiab sai rooting ntawm seedlings;
- Nws yog yuav tsum tau nqa tawm mulching ntawm lub pob tw lub voj voog nrog peat, uas yuav txo qhov siv ntawm evaporation ntawm noo noo.
Ntais kev saib xyuas rau cov kua ntau yam "Semerenko"
Cov paub lus gardeners paub hais tias lawv muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo yields tsuas yog nrog kev tu xyuas kom tu ncua thiab zoo.
Tom qab koj cog lub seedlings, tsob ntoo kev kho mob yuav tsum muaj ntawm Cov haujlwm hauv qab no:
- tsis tu ncua pub;
- txheej txheem dej;
- kev txiav thiab cov yas;
- npaj rau lub caij ntuj no.
Koj puas paub? Vim lub fact tias Semerenko apples tsis muaj anthocyanins, cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom lawv cov zaub mov raug noj los ntawm cov neeg txom nyem los ntawm ib tug metabolic teeb meem.Nyob rau hauv dav dav, kev saib xyuas ntawm Semerenko Kua ntoo tsis txawv los ntawm kev saib xyuas ntawm tag nrho lwm cov kua qoob loo.
Yuav ua li cas kom coj dej
Thaum watering Semerenko Kua ntoo, ib txoj cai yooj yim yog pom: muaj pes tsawg lub tsob ntoo, ntau npaum li cas dej yuav tsum tau txais. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau thaum lub sij hawm ntub dej kom ncuav dej tsis nyob hauv pob tw, tab sis raws li cov yas ntawm lub kaum tsev.
Cov ntoo ntawm cov hoob kawm no yuav zoo ua peb zaug dej:
- thawj lub sij hawm lub hauv paus ntoo yog watered nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov lub caij ntuj sov;
- tus thib ob - nyob rau hauv Lub rau hli ntuj los yog Lub Xya hli ntuj, thaum lub sij hawm sau ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- qhov thib peb - ua ntej thawj frosts.
Thaum twg thiab yuav noj li cas
Nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo ntawm lub neej, Semerenko saplings tsis xav tau ntxiv pub mis. Thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm, nws yog ntse mus xa rog rau weeding, podpushivanie thiab watering cuttings, uas yuav ua rau kom sai tshaj plaws hauv paus tsim.
Tab sis cov nroj tsuag uas tau mus txog ob los yog peb lub xyoos yuav tsum tau pub.
Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, nitrogen-muaj chiv yog siv los txhim kho kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntoo, thiab rau cov txiv apples thaum lub sijhawm no lawv xav tau ntau dua, raws li lawv yuav ua rau kom muaj zog nce hauv ntsuab ntsuab thiab ntau lub txiaj ntsig flowering.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Thawj peb lub xyoos tom qab cog cov txiav fertilizer yog nqa mus rau ib qhov tob ntawm 15 centimeters, tus so ntawm lub sij hawm pub yog ua rau ib tug tob ntawm txog 45 centimeters ntawm ib tug deb ntawm yam tsawg kawg 1.5 meters los ntawm lub pob tw.Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg Autumn, nws yog pom zoo kom thov apples nrog potash thiab organic fertilizer, raws li lawv yuav muab cov ntoo lub zog rau wintering. Txawm tias koj cov chiv koj xaiv los noj koj cov ntoo, nws tseem ceeb heev kom ua raws li cov tshuaj noj thaum koj ua rau lawv, yog li tsis txhob siv tshuaj lom neeg hauv cov nroj tsuag.
Thaum twg thiab yuav ua li cas ua pruning
Pruning Kua "Semerenko" - qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj, uas yog tus yuam sij rau kev ua siab zoo ntawm cov ntoo.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Thaum pruning Kua Semerenko ntau yam, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau ceev faj thiab tsis txhob tshem ceg uas muaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo formations, raws li qhov no muaj peev xwm significantly txo cov tawm los ntawm tsob ntoo.
Lub caij ntuj sov pruning txhawb nqa sai ripening ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo, txo qhov yuav ua kab ntawm Kab Tsuag thiab txhawb nqa rejuvenation ntawm cov ntoo.Thaum lub sij hawm cov pob txha, tag nrho cov kab mob, qhuav, thiab crowns uas ua rau ntau lub thickening ntawm crown raug muab tshem tawm ntawm tsob ntoo, vim lub hnub lub rays yuav nkag mus rau txawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau ntawm qis ceg.
Tsis txhob neglect lub pruning ntawm Semerenko ntau yam kua ntoo, txij li no manipulation tsis tsuas nce lub teeb kis ntawm lub crown, tab sis kuj ua txhim kho nws cov aeration yam ntxwv, uas ua rau nws tau txo qhov yuav ua tau ntawm tus kab mob ntawm tsob ntoo nrog fungal mob. 
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm ripening thiab cia ntawm sau ntawm Kua ntoo ntawm ntau yam "Semerenko"
Nrog rau tag nrho cov kev cai ntawm cultivation, tawm los ntawm Kua ntau yam "Semerenko" tau ncav cuag cov ntaub ntawv theem. Harvesting los ntawm cov ntoo ntoo yog nqa thaum lub Cuaj Hlis los yog thaum ntxov Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj, tom qab uas qee tus txiv gardeners lawm nug lawv tus kheej cov lus nug: "Yuav ua li cas koj yuav tsum khaws Semerenko txiv qab zib kom koj txaus siab rau lawv cov txiv ntoo qab zib ntev?".
Koj puas paub? Freshly xaiv apples ntawm Semerenko ntau yam muaj nplua-grained qaub-Sweet, lub teeb ntsuab nqaij, uas, thaum lub sij hawm cia, acquires ib tug ntxim xim lub teeb-cream xim thiab ua sweeter.Yuav kom khaws tau lub meej mom ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab lawv cov saj siab, koj yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev cai ntawm kev khaws cia. Koj yuav tsum tau khaws cov txiv qab zib hauv qab daus, tab sis ua ntej yuav xa cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tuaj, txhua lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog npuaj hauv ntawv thiab muab tso rau hauv cov thawv ntawv lossis cov thawv ntoo.
Tsis tas li ntawd, apples yuav tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv qhuav xuab zeb, thiab ib co kev paub gardeners muab lawv nyob rau hauv ntoo chips. Txawm li ntawd los, nws yog zoo dua tsis siv shavings los ntawm coniferous ntoo, raws li nws tsis hnov tsw tau hloov qhov tsw ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Apples ntawm no ntau yam yuav khaws cia txog li 8 lub hlis. 
Kev npaj ntawm Kua ntau yam "Semerenko" rau lub caij ntuj no
Los tiv thaiv cov ntoo ntawm hare thiab rodent tawm tsam, thaum lub sij hawm kev npaj rau lub caij ntuj no, lawv cov pob tw yog dawb nrog txiv qaub thiab khi nrog koob los yog lub sam roj. Yuav kom tiv thaiv lub keeb kwm nqa tawm mulching ntawm soj caum thaj chaw uas muaj peat, compost los yog humus. Tej yam xws li cov txheej xwm pab Apple Semerenko ntau yam ciaj txawm txawm tshaj plaws heev frosts.
Kev tswj ntawm Semerenko Kua ntau yam rau cov kab mob thiab cov pests
Kua Noob "Semerenko" raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev ntxeem tau haws, weevils, nplooj ntoos hlav thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo mites. Hawthorn noj nplooj, kaus mom thiab paj ntawm cov kua. Kua weevils - hlub mus noj mov rau ntawm lub buds ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Txiv mab txiv ntoo ntxais cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo los ntawm cov kua ntoo, thiab moth caterpillars ces voracious ntawd yog tias koj tsis muab lawv ua hauj lawm, lawv tuaj yeem ua puas tsuaj tag nrho cov nroj tsuag.
Kev ntsuas los ntawm tiv thaiv Semerenko ntau yam kua ntoo los ntawm pests yog pom zoo kom pib nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ua ntej pib ntawm SAP khiav.
Rau prophylaxis, Cov ntoo tuaj yeem txau nrog ib qho tshuaj tov tshuaj, tab sis txau txiv apples nrog roj lom neeg ua hauj lwm, xws li Healthy Garden, Agrovertin los yog Zircon, zoo ib yam nkaus. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis txhob neglect lub mechanical txoj kev tshem tawm cov pests, muaj raws nyob rau hauv sau ntawm kab thiab tshem tawm ntawm puas nplooj los yog paj.
Kua ntoo, zoo li tag nrho lwm yam ntoo, yog kis tau tus kab mob nrog ntau yam kab mob, thiab kom tsis txhob tuag ntawm cov nroj tsuag, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau hnov mob raws sij hawm rau thawj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob.
Yog hais tias ib tug powdery mildew tshwm rau ntawm nplooj thiab buds, qhov no qhia cog kab mob. powdery mildew. Yuav kom tsis txhob kis tau tus kab mob yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov ntoo thiab tshem tawm tag nrho cov mob raug tua, thiab nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nco ntsoov kho cov nroj tsuag nrog ib tug decoction ntawm sulfur thiab txiv qaub.
Yog hais tias xim av me ntsis tshwm ntawm nplooj ntawm ib tsob ntoo, nws muaj peev xwm raug txhawj tias nws kis tau. scab.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yog pom zoo kom tshem tawm tag nrho cov raug puas nplooj, thiab kho qhov hauv cheeb tsam hauv av nrog ib tug 10% daws ntawm ammonium nitrate.
Nyob rau tua thiab nplooj tshwm sim dub bloom? Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis txhob ncua kev kho mob ntawm cov nroj tsuag, vim dub fungus nws tsim sai heev thiab yog tias tsob ntoo tsis tiv thaiv nyob rau lub sij hawm, tus kab mob no tuaj yeem tua nws sai. Yuav kom tsis txhob kis ntawm fungus, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los tshem tawm tag nrho cov raug tua thiab nplooj, thiab tsob ntoo nws tus kheej yuav tsum tau sprayed nrog Bordeaux sib tov los yog xab npum thiab tooj liab daws.
Independent cultivation ntawm Semerenko Kua ntoo tsis siv ntau lub sij hawm thiab dag zog los ntawm koj, tab sis nyob rau hauv rov qab, koj yuav muaj lub sij hawm kom muaj kev zoo siab rau cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, cua thiab thaj chaw zoo.
