Kua ntoo - yog ib yam ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hlob hlob ntawm txiv neej.
Kua ntoo sib txawv nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm sau, yog li txhua yam muaj nws tus kheej cov yam ntxwv ntawm cultivation thiab kev kho mob.
Zoo li cas?
Kua ntau Lada hais txog lub caij ntuj no ntau yam kua ntoo uas sib txawv high degree ntawm Frost tsis kam.
Qhov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub cia ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo - tsis txhob cia ib tug dhia nyob rau hauv kub, haum ntoo thiab yas thawv.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog khaws cia mus txog tsib lub hlis.
Pollination
Qhov no ntau yam yog tsim nyog los pollinate Autumn ntau yam.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws pollinators ntawm no ntau yam yog pom: Pepinchik Krasnoyarsk, Teeb tsom, Zhivinka.
Kev piav qhia ntau yam Lada
Qhov no muaj ntau yam kua txiv nruab nrab qhov siab, qhov kev loj hlob yog qhov siab tshaj plaws thaum muaj hnub nyoog.
Qhov ntau yam muaj ib puag ncig cov duab. tuab yas medium me ntsis nrog lush foliage thiab slanted ceg.
Yuav ncav cuag txhua yam tsuas yog peb metres siab. Lub bark rau sab saum toj ntawm tsob ntoo yog brownish nyob rau hauv cov xim, thiab mus rau hauv qab nws acquires ib greenish tint.
Cov tua yog hloov, me ntsis curved nyob rau hauv Cross-seem, muaj zog pubescence. Cov nplooj muaj ib txoj hlua zoo nrig, uas yog sharpened mus rau sab saum toj, cov npoo yog undulating, qhov loj yog loj.
Xim - ntsuab-grey. Lub buds ntawm no ntau yam muaj ib tug sib sib zog nqus liab xim, thiab lub paj - dawb, loj heev, muaj ib tug persistent aroma.
Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo - me me, muaj ib puag ncig, me ntsis oblate zoo, ribbed on sab. Qhov hnyav ncav ib qho siab tshaj plaws ntawm plaub caug grams.
Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm tshem tawm xim dawb, qhov saum npoo them nrog stripes ntawm liab blush.
Tom qab dag, txiv apples tau tob liab, yuav luag xim av, xim.
Lub tev ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm Lada ntau yog nyias, nyob rau hauv nws koj yuav saib tau tus yam ntxwv lub teeb ntsuab loj ntsiab lus.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo saj Sweet-qaub, Sweet. Cov nqaij yog muaj kua, haum siab ceev, nyom, muag muag, dawb.
Diam duab
Kev yug me nyuam yav dhau los
Ua tsaug rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws tshwj xeeb hauv Krasnoyarsk Qhov Chaw Kuaj Nres rau Txiv Txoj Kev Loj Hlob Tikhonova N.N. thiab Tolmacheva A.S.Qhov no ntau yam yog bred by hla ob ntau yam ntawm cov kua ntoo: Leletino ranetki nrog Papirovka.
Loj hlob thaj av
Yam ntxwv thaj av ntawm txoj kev loj hlob - East Siberian. Qhov ntau yog nrov nyob rau sab qab teb coasts Krasnoyarsk cheeb tsam.
Kawm txog ntau hom tsim rau cog cov cheeb tsam: Snowdrop, Pepin Saffron, Persianka, Khoom plig rau gardeners, Silver hoof, Sokolovskoye, Uralets, Phoenix Altai, Daughter Pepinchik, Lyubava.
Tawm
Muaj peev xwm mus fruiting tsob ntoo tom qab plaub xyoos tom qab tsaws.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov nquag yog qhov tsis sib haum.
Nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo tom qab pib ntawm fruiting los ntawm ib tsob ntoo, tus sau yog ob kilograms ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoonyob rau hauv cov nram qab no xyoo - rau phaus.
Xya xyoo laus ntoo tau coj mus txog kaum plaub kilos, nrog rau cov dej num zoo rau kev loj hlob thiab kev tu kom zoo, 11-xyoo-laus muaj cov qoob loo uas muaj kaum-xyoo-laus ntoo tuaj yeem ncav cuag 35 kilograms, thiab rau xyoo tom ntej - 45.
Tshem tawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog tsim nyog los ntawm lig Lub Yim Hli mus txog rau nruab nrab Lub Cuaj Hli.
Lub sij hawm cia ntawm apples ncav lub peb hlis ntuj. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj zoo thauj. Txiv apples yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev noj haus thoob plaws.
Kawm txog high-yielding ntau yam ntawm Apple ntoo: Gala, Antonovka dessert, Augusta, Lub caij ntuj no pear, Lyubava, Kua Spa, Stroyevskoye, Sokolovskoye, Dawb Filling, Lobo, Daughter of Pepinchik.
Kev cog thiab kev kho mob
Yuav kom tsis txhob poob siab nrog sau ntawm lub tsob ntoo kua, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cog thiab kev tu rau tsob ntoo kom raug.
Tsis muaj kev pom zoo hais txog kev cog qoob loo.
Ib txhia tuav lub tswv yim tias lub seedlings yog npaj txhij rau cog nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos sov sov, lwm tus - nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, ua ntej qhov pib ntawm Frost.
Tsis muaj qhov zoo los yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm ob qho kev xav tau raug cim tseg.
Yog li, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kom nco ntsoov yog qhov ntawd nroj tsuag xav tau, kom txog thaum los yog twb sov.
Pib tsaws los ntawm lub qhov taub. Nws npaj li kwv yees li rau ib hlis ua ntej pib ntawm kev npaj tsaws. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog rau lub ntiaj teb kom muaj sij hawm. "cia".
Yog li, koj yuav tsum khawb lub qhov nyob hauv qhov tob 60-70 centimeters, thiab ib lub cheeb - txog ib lub 'meter'.
Lub topsoil yog fertile, thiab hauv qab yog feem ntau clayey. Yog li ntawd, khawb ib lub qhov, khi ob lub tsho no cais - qhov no yuav yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau yav tom ntej.
Nws yog ib lub tswv yim kom tshem tawm hauv qab ntawm lub qhov taub thiab npog nws nrog tawb poom, sawdust los yog pob zeb. Thaum burrowing ib qhov, tsuas yog sab saum toj txheej tov nrog pob zeb hauv av los yog cov organic chiv yuav tsum tau siv.
Qhov no sib tov yog sau mus rau ib tug thib peb los ntawm ib lub qhov, ces - cia li sab saum toj txheej. Ua ib lub mound me me, koj tuaj yeem nkag tau ib cov ntoo pas ntoo.
Cov txheej txheem hauv qab no tau tawg ri rau ib ncig ntawm qhov puag ncig. Thaum cog ib qho kua ntoo, hauv paus system ntawm seedling yuav tsum ncaj qha nyob rau hauv av theem.
Tsob ntoo khi rau khis voj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm yim. Qhov no yog los xyuas kom meej tias lub pob tw ntawm lub tsob ntoo kua ntoo tsis rub tawm ntawm lub peg thaum lub sij hawm cua kom tsis txhob raug kev puas tsuaj rau daim tawv nqaij. Tam sim ntawd yuav tsum tau ncuav ob lossis peb lub thoob dej thiab loosen cov av.
Kev tu ib tsob ntoo yog ib qho tseem ceeb thiab tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tsob ntoo no kom thiaj li txaus siab rau qhov kev sau qoob loo.
Tag nrho txhua lub tsob ntoo yuav tsum tau tu txhua tus.
Cov av nyob ib puag ncig yuav tsum yog ntxuav thiab loosened rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm txuag ntawm noo noo.
Nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo tom qab cog cov kua ntoo tsis tas yuav pub mis ntxiv.
Nyob rau hauv ob xyoo, nws yog twb tsim nyog los pib fertilizing.uas muaj phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen los yog tsuas yog tom kawg.
Nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, cov kua ntoo yuav tsum raug tiv thaiv kom txhob khov, zoo li ntawm hares thiab cov nas. Ua li no, lub cev yuav tsum raug khi nrog ntoo los yog pine ceg.
Qhov kev tiv thaiv no yuav tsum tau ua. ua ntej pib ntawm Frost. Yuav kom tiv thaiv lub keeb kwm los ntawm txias, lawv muaj peev xwm cover nrog ib tug me me txheej ntawm manure los yog lub ntiaj teb.
Tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev saib xyuas kua whitewash. Nws yuav tsum tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo rau tom qab tsaws.
Yuav kom tswj kev noj qab nyob zoo thiab ua kom zoo zoo, yuav tsum muaj tsob ntoo kua ntoo pruning. Qhov no yog tsim nyog los txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zoo dua teeb pom kev zoo.
Cov tawv nqaij los yog cov kab mob qeeb thiab cov ceg yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm thiab hlawv. Qhov no yuav ua kom muaj kev tsim txiaj thiab lub neej ntawm tsob ntoo. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm rau pruning yog thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
TSWV YIM: Pruning yuav muaj cov nyhuv nkaus xwb nrog kev ywj pheej thiab kua chiv.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Lada ntau yam muaj qhov nruab nrab ntawm scab ua haujlwm nruab nrab: tsuas yog cov nplooj muaj cuam tshuam, thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob twj ywm.
Scab - Qhov no yog ib qho mob los ntawm lub fungus.
Thaum xub thawj nws kis tau rau hauv lub teeb me ntsis, thiab tom qab ntawd ces lawv tuaj yeem them rau xim av scurf thiab loj hlob hauv cheeb tsam.
Cov kab mob no tsis zoo, tab sis nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau paub txog kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas: ua raws li cov pob txha, fertilizing (tsis overdo nws nrog chiv muaj nitrogen), sim cog rau hauv siab thaj chaw.
Sai li sai tau thaum koj pom tias scab pib ntaus cov nplooj, lawv yuav tsum tau tshem tawm thiab rhuav tshem tam sim ntawd.
Txhua txhua lub caij nplooj zeeg, poob nplooj yuav tsum rov qab siv dua mus ua kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib kis. Cov av yuav tsum tau dug li, thiab lawn kho nrog ib tug daws ntawm ammonium nitrate.
Yog tias txoj hauv kev no tsis ua haujlwm, koj yuav tsum tau siv rau kev siv tshuaj. Ib qho kev xaiv uas yuav pab tau rau cov teeb meem yog cov tshuaj "Skor".
Nws yog diluted nrog dej nrog ib tug piv rau ib mus rau kaum, thiab lawv pib spray ntoo nrog no sib tov nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
Thib theem ob - siv 4% oxychloride los yog tooj liab sulphate: txau yuav tsum tau ua tom qab tom qab flowering.
Ib qho teeb meem sib npaug zos uas yuav tsum tau ntsib thaum cog kev ua kua ntoo kab tsuag.
Lawv muaj peev xwm ho lwj tsis tsuas yog sau, tab sis kuj lub xeev ntawm kev noj qab nyob ntawm lub tsob ntoo kua.
Cov tshuaj tuaj rau hauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam lawv: tooj liab, hlau vitriol, chlorophos, Bordeaux sib tov thiab ntau.
Nws yog ntshaw tias thaum txau cov huab cua kub tsis qis tshaj peb degrees Celsius.
Thov kev pab ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau siav lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiaj li hais tias tshuaj tsis txeem rau hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Ib khub niam txiv ntawm cov tshuaj no tsis txaus ntshai rau tib neeg, yog li lawv muaj feem xyuam rau hauv tus kheej lub vaj.
Yuav kom tshem tau cov kab uas lub caij ntuj no hauv cov tawv ntoo ntawm kua ntoo, koj tuaj yeem thov complex ntawm kev tiv thaiv thiab kho cov kev ntsuas:
- Whitewewashing lub cev;
- Peeling bark;
- Kho cov qhov txhab ntoo;
- Ua ntej pruning ntawm ceg ua ntej pib ntawm lub caij loj hlob.
Los ntawm pej xeem tshuaj: ntoo tshauv uas fights zoo nrog aphids thiab caterpillars.
Ntau yam Lada muaj ntau qhov zoo: qhov saj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, lawv cov feem ntau, kev thauj mus los. Cov ntoo no yog cov uas tiv taus rau Frost.
Kua ntoo muaj siab yields, txawm tias qhov loj me me ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Ntawm qhov shortcomings yuav qhia tau instability ntawm nplooj rau scab.
Saib cov yees duab seb yuav ua li cas npaj cov txiv qaub ntsuab thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo cog ntoo.
