Feem ntau cov amateur gardeners xav ntau yam Venyaminovskoe.
Tias yog vim li cas nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj cov lus qhia txog seb qhov no kua ntoo yog, yuav tu nws li cas, thiab lwm yam.
Qhov no hauv qhov tseeb cov neeg tseem ceeb yuav los ua cov nyiam ntau yam txiv ntoo ntawm koj lub rooj. Kua Venyaminovskoe, piav qhia ntawm ntau yam thiab cov duab nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm.
Zoo li cas?
Kua ntoo Venyaminovskoe - qhov no yog lub caij ntuj no ntau yam.
Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb rau cia: cia kom sov txias nyob rau hauv uas cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav wither.
Kua cia sij hawm - txog li tsib lub hlis.
Los ntawm lub caij ntuj no ntau yam ntawm apples kuj zwm: Belfleur Bashkir, Belarussian Raspberry, Bolotovsky, Nastya thiab Lub caij ntuj no Beauty.
Pollination
Cov nram qab no ntau yam zoo tshaj plaws rau pollination: Arkad lub caij ntuj sov, Sharopay, Miron Qab zib.
Nqe lus piav ntau yam Venyaminovskiy
Lub kua ntoo ntawm no ntau yam yog ntawm tsis tsuas industrial, tab sis kuj zoo nkauj kev txaus siab.
Cov ntoo kua ntau yam Venyaminovskoe heev lojnyob rau hauv qhov siab yuav ncav cuag ib thiab ib nrab ntawm cov metres. Crohn hlob zoo sib npaug, qhov ceev yog nruab nrab.
Cov ceg nrog lub pob tw daim ntawv ib txoj cai, thiab tom qab ntawd lawv xaus lawv cov lus sau, ces khov thiab loj. Lub bark ntawm tsob ntoo yog du rau tus kov, muaj ib tug gray zas.
Kua tua muaj ib cov duab zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib qho chaw. Qhov npog yog khiav tawm, hauv ib seem muaj xim liab tsaus nti. Lub raum tseem muaj ib qho quav ntsa tawm, zoo sib xws.
Cov nplooj yog oval nyob rau hauv cov duab, qhwv mus rau sab saum toj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug ntsia hlau, laim ntoom ntawm cov sawv, me ntsis jagged.
Xim - tsaus ntsuab, qhov saum npoo yog du, muaj cov loj leeg, me ntsis pubescent.
Cov paj yog xim liab daj rau hauv cov duab, sib npaug, thiab cov inflorescences muaj rau paj txhua.
Venyaminovskie apples medium qhov loj qhov me - ncav cuag siab tshaj 130 grams. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj cov kab mob thaum cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, loj tshaj 300 gram.
Cov duab ntawm apples tsa ib lub bevel beveled, npawv ntawm ob sab. Thaum lub sij hawm sau qoob loo lawm, cov txiv av qab muaj xim ntsuab, thiab thaum lawv mus txog ib lub sij hawm tsim nyog, cov xim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua ntau xim daj.
Feem ntau cov kua deg yog duav liab qab liab. Yog hais tias tus txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog nce nyob rau hauv qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub teeb, ces lub cover yog yuav luag tag nrho nrog liab plab tsos nqaij daim tawv. Ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, koj tuaj yeem seamlessly daim ntawv ceeb toom subcutaneous ntsiab lus grayish tsos nqaij daim tawv.
Kua ntoo ntawm cov nram qab no ntau yam tseem khau ntawm tshwj xeeb kev zoo nkauj: Seedlings ntawm Solntsedar, Nymph, Orlovsky pioneer, Aromatic thiab Screen.
Qhov saj ntawm apples yog hais txog mus rau dessert, Sweet thiab qaub los ntaus. Cov nqaij ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog muaj kua, dawb, tej zaum muaj ib tug greenish tint. Cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov kua muaj Noj qab nyob zoo thiab cov vitamins nyob rau hauv abundance.
| Muaj pes tsawg leeg | Cov naj npawb ntawm |
|---|---|
| Sahara | 8,6% |
| Titrated acids | 0,71% |
| Ascorbic acid | 4.5 mg / 100 g |
| Vitamin P | 222 mg / 100 g |
Diam duab
Kev yug me nyuam yav dhau los
Xyoo ntawm thawj fruiting Venyaminovskogo ntau yam suav hais tias 1990. Nyob rau hauv 1981, lub noob raug xaiv los ntawm cov dawb pollination ntawm cov xyoo, thiab nyob rau hauv 1982 thawj cog tau ua.
Bred nyob rau hauv Lavxias Scientific Research Tshawb Pom Kev Loj Hlob Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo, nyob rau hauv 1995 tau pom zoo raws li ib qho cog neeg ntse.
Breeders uas koom nyob rau hauv lub cultivation thiab yug me nyuam ntawm no ntau yam yog Z.M. Serova, E.A. Dolmatov, V.V. Zhdanov thiab lwm tus. Cov neeg tseem ceeb kuj yog xam ntau yam Orlovsky striped thiab Aphrodite
Thaj chaw ntawm yug me nyuam
Lub cheeb tsam tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv no ntau yam yog faib tawm Chernozem, cov ntoo hauv paus yog cog thoob plaws hauv Lavxias teb sab ib ncig ntawm qhov chaw nruab nrab.
Vim nws Frost tsis kam yuav zus yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj hauv thaj chaw txias.
Tawm
Qhov no ntau yam yog nto moo rau nws daim ntawv nplua nuj tawm.
Rau kev sib piv: cov ntoo uas muaj hnub nyoog los ntawm 8 mus rau 11 xyoo, coj 150 centners ib hectarethaum, raws li ib tug ntau yam, Antonovka coj tsuas 95 nyob rau hauv tib lub tej yam kev mob.
Khoom siv ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog khaws cia los ntawm nruab nrab Lub kaum hli ntuj mus rau Lub Ob Hlis. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm no ntau yam yog tsis suav hais tias lub simultaneous ripening thiab loj los nag ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Tseem high yields ntau hom: Ural tej, Phoenix Altai, Lobo, Iset Lig thiab Lub caij ntuj sov.
Kev cog thiab kev kho mob
Qhov ntau yam nws muaj nws tus yam ntxwv ntawm cog thiab kev saib xyuas.
Qhov no ntau yam yuav cog ob leeg nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav Tab sis lub sijhawm dua yog ntxov. Ua ntej cog ib tug Venyaminovka ntau yam yub, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kom zoo npaj cov av.
Nws yuav tsum tau muaj kev txhawb nqa nrog cov as-ham, nrog rau Nws yuav tsum muaj dej zoo thiab ua kom tau pa.
Tsob ntoo muaj lub siab ceev kom ze-dag av, yog li ntawd nyob rau hauv xws li mob nws yog qhov tsim nyog tsim kua faj ntawm cov av. Qhov chaw yuav tsum zoo lit.
Dug qhov txog 70 centimeters sib sib zog nqusthiab ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm ib lub 'meter', koj yuav tsum sau mus rau saum, ua ntej tsim lub mound, tsuas yog sab saum toj txheej ntawm cov av nto av, tov nws yav tas los nrog humus los yog lwm yam chiv.
Ib lub pov roob los yuav tsum tau kom lub sapling "tsis tuaj yeem" nrog lub sijhawm, nws yog ua tau raws li cov qib ntawm av compaction tom qab lub qhov tau dug tawm rau ib lub hlis, thiab tsuas yog ces pib mus rau cog.
Hauv qab txheej txheej ntawm av tsuas yog ntov tawg nyob ncig los yog nruab nrab ntawm cov kab.
TSWV YIM: Yog hais tias cov av yog av nplaum, nws tob yuav tsum tau nce, thiab hauv qab npog nrog qub poom, sawdust los yog pob zeb kom muaj cua nkag mus rau hauv paus hauv paus ntawm tsob ntoo.
Sapling tsim nyog av ntawm qee qhov siab - nyob hauv av, tsis txo lossis tsis siab dua. Rau peg, uas yog pre-ntsia nyob rau hauv lub toj, lub seedling yuav tsum tau khi yim.
Nws yog ntshaw tias ob tug neeg yuav koom tes rau hauv cog ib sapling, ces tus txheej txheem yuav ceev thiab ntau qualitative.
Yuav kom txaus siab nrog sau ntawm cov ntoo ntoo txhua txhua xyoo, lawv yuav tsum tau ua ntu zus kom muaj kev tu zoo. Tus sau yuav nplua nuj txhua txhua xyoo yog tias koj fertilize lub hauv paus ntoo nyob rau hauv ib tug raws sijhawm thiab maj.
Yuav pib yuav tsum tau pub rau tsob ntoo thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Rau qhov no haum ammonium nitrate ntawm ib koob ntawm peb caug lossis plaub caug grams. Tom qab tsob ntoo pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nws yuav tsum tau muab fertilized. humus los yog cov quav tshiab.
Nyob rau hauv zoo poov tshuaj phosphate fertilizer yuav siv tau lub ashesuas yog poured rau hauv ib lub thoob ntawm fertilizer. Rau txhua tsob ntoo koj xav tau ob los yog peb lub thoob.
Tseem ceeb kom ua raws li kom cov av xoob txaus rau txhua xyoo, ces txaus cua yuav muab rau cov hauv paus hniav.
Sim txhua lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav prune qub ceg, tshem tawm cov bark unsightly, ces xws li ib tug pruning yuav muab koj nrog ib tug nce nyob rau hauv tawm los.
XIM! Qhov ntau yam yog resistant rau anti-laus los yog shaping pruning.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Txij li no ntau yam muaj ib tug gene uas muab tsis kam mus rau scab, lub ntsiab kev txhawj xeeb yog los ntawm cov tsiaj txhu thiab kab tsuag.
Cov ntau yam muaj ib tug zoo tsis kam mus scab: Hero ntawm lub hnub, Rennet Chernenko, Zhigulevskiy, Veteran thiab Amazing.
Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, saib xyuas txog kev tiv thaiv ntoo ntoo los ntawm cov nas tsuag thiab pob zeb.
Ib qho khaws cia ua tau kua qaub whitewashuas nyhav rau cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv kab tsuag. Tsis tas li ntawd ib lub cev ntoo yuav ua tauspit nylon stockings, nws yuav ua fastened nrog nplaum kab xev.
Yog tias koj tsis yog tus neeg pab txhawb nqa tshuaj tua kab uas tua kab tsuag kab, koj tuaj yeem tsuag cov ntoo uas muaj cov tshuaj yeeb dawb: bitter kua txob, wormwood infusion, tshauv los yog dos dos tev. Cov kev xaiv no tuaj yeem xyaw ua ke.
TSWV YIM: Cog ib tsob nroj tansy nyob ib ncig ntawm lub tsob ntoo kua - nws tsis hnov tsw yuav ua rau kab tsuag.
Ib qho ntawm cov tsis txaus siab lovers ntawm Kua yog aphid Qhov txaus ntshai yog nws lub peev xwm los ua kom sai sai thiab ua rau kev puas tsuaj loj heev rau cov kua ntoo.
Nws tus yeeb ncuab, raws li koj paub, yog ib tug kab. Koj tuaj yeem ua rau lub siab nyiam thiab tsuas yog nyiam cov kab no rau koj lub vaj nrog tshwj xeeb nroj tsuag.
Rau qhov no nyob ib ncig ntawm lub kua dill, calendula los yog coriander. Whitewashing trunks Nws tseem tuaj yeem ua ib qho thaiv kom tshwm sim ntawm ib qho kev txaus ntshai aphid, uas muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas txiv apples.
Nws muaj kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam kab tsuag:
Ua ntej ob lub raum swell, txuag cov ntoo nrog ob lub hwj txwv los yog tooj liab sulphate.
Ua ntej flowering siv Karbofros los yog Bordeaux sib tov.
Thaum Bloom yog lawmtxheej txheem ntoo nrog 4% Fozalona kua.
Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm thaum tsob ntoo pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nws yuav tsum tau kho nrog urea.
Nyob rau hauv lub Autumn nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ntxuav qub qub nplooj, tshem tawm kab zes.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kab mob xws li kua txiv moth thiab npauj, txiv hmab txiv ntoo sapwood thiab silkworm, zoo li haws. Yuav ua li cas ua nws txoj cai, nyeem cov khoom ntawm peb lub vev xaib.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tseem ceeb dua lwm yam ntawm Kua ntau Venyaminovskoe yog ib tug tshwj xeeb bred noob, ua tsaug rau uas lub kua ntoo yog heev resistant rau scab. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj khoom muaj nqis, khaws cia rau ib lub sij hawm ntev.
