Kua ntoo ntau yam Nadezhda - ib tug ntau yam nrov.
Nqa cov khoom tsim tau zoo thiab zoo saj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Qhov yooj yim ntawm qhov nruab nrab, nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm heev unpretentious.
Zoo li cas?
Theem Nadezhda yog qib pib ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoo zeeg.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ncav cuag loj hlob nyob rau hauv thaum pib - nruab nrab-Cuaj hlis Vam cia yog ib hom frost-resistant hom ntawm Kua ntoo.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj lub sij hawm siab ceev, nrog kev tu kom zoo tsis txhob laub mus txog 90 hnub, uas yog, lawv tuaj yeem dag kom txog thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis.
TSEEM CEEB! Muab lub noob qoob rau hauv ib qho chaw tsaus, txias qhov chaw, kom deb ntawm lub qos yaj ywm.Qhov ntev yuav raug khaws cia rau hauv lub cellars thiab qabs.
Insulate lub thawv tsis tas yuav tsum tau, tab sis saib tawm rau noo noo - nrog nce txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav pib rot.
Pollination
Muaj ntau yam ntawm cov ntoo kua Hope yog pollinated, rau kev muaj peev xwm fruiting nws yog tsim nyog los cog ib qho ntawm cov ntau yam:
- Zhavoronkova
- Miass
- Nco thiab Anis Purple
Kev piav qhia qib siab
Lub tsob ntoo ntawm Nadezhda ntau yam yog ib tsob ntoo uas nws qhov siab thiab nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo me. Kev loj hlob yog siab, lub duab ntawm crown - npawv, pyramidal.
Lub bark yog maub xim av ntawm lub ntsiab ceg thiab pob tw. Cov nplooj ntawm Cia Siab yog qe-puab, es loj loj, thiab muaj finely perched sawv.
Buds tshwm nyob rau hauv lub flowering lub sij hawm, lawv kuj loj, me ntsis tinted liab dawb nyob rau hauv cov xim.
Me me, me dua nruab nrab, zoo li - sib npaug. Qhov saum npoo yog qhuav thiab qhuav, daim tawv nqaij yog nyias nyias.
Cov xim ntawm lub ripe txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog greenish-daj, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw muaj ib qhov muag plooj crimson blush, thaum lub sij hawm ntawm ripening nws npog tag nrho cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Cov nqaij ntawm lub kua yog ib lub teeb beige xim, muaj kua, nrog ib tug qab zib-qaub tsw.
Cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm fetus:
- 10.1% suab thaj;
- 27 mg / 100g ascorbic acid;
- 13.8% soluble solids;
- 1.1% titrated acids.
Diam duab
Nyob rau hauv daim duab yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm lub Kua "Cia Siab":
Kev yug me nyuam yav dhau los
Lub kua ntoo ntau yam Nadezhda raug tsim artificially, by hla lub kua ntoo ntau yam Borovinka ntawm Ural Ridge.
Tus sau phau ntawv yog: PA Zhavoronkov thiab MA Mazunin - neeg ua haujlwm ntawm South Ural tshawb fawb lub koom haum rau Horticulture thiab Qos yaj ywm.
Kev loj hlob thaj av ntuj
Nws muaj kev ncaj ntau ntau ntawm txoj kev loj hlob, xav tias feem ntau xis nyob hauv cheeb tsam Urals, qhov chaw uas nws tau zoned nyob rau hauv 1988Nws yog yoog rau frosts loj, tab sis nws zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv temperate latitudes.
Tawm
Lub kua ntoo ntawm Nadezhda ntau yam muaj peev xwm ua cov qoob loo rau 5-7 xyoo ntawm lub neej. Thaum xub thawj nws dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis tu ncua, tab sis tsis ntev lub caij tawm los ua lus tsis tu ncua, periodic.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripening thiab muaj peev xwm sau tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab - nrab-Cuaj hlis.
Nrog tu kom zoo, koj tuaj yeem sau tuaj txog 85 kilogram ntawm ib tsob nroj.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo qiv lawv tus kheej zoo ua, feem ntau nquag siv rau hauv tsev cov hmab txiv ntoo.
Kev cog thiab kev kho mob
Hauv kev txiav txim rau koj tsob ntoo kom muaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cog qoob loos loj tuaj, koj yuav tsum ua raws ob peb yam yooj yim.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm rau cog ib qho Kua ntawm lub Nadezhda ntau yam yog Autumn.
Nyob rau lub sij hawm no ntawm lub xyoo, nws yog ib qho yooj yim dua rau ib tsob ntoo kom noj paus nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw tshiab. Tsob ntoo nyob thaum lub caij ntuj no, thiab los ntawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav nws twb pib ua haujlwm loj hlob.
Yog hais tias tus mob khaub thuas dhau los, tsob ntoo yuav tuag taus, raws li nws tsis muaj sij hawm los khom nqi.
Thaum xaiv ib qho chaw, nco ntsoov nco ntsoov tias qhov deb ntawm cov ntoo yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav tsawg tshaj li 4 meters. Yog tias koj cog qoob loo, cov ntoo ntawm tes yuav cuam tshuam nrog txhua lwm yam.
Yog hais tias cov ntoo hauv koj lub vaj teb loj hlob hauv kab, nco ntsoov tias muaj tsawg kawg nkaus li ntawm 4,5 meters ntawm lawv (kab).
Tom qab koj khiav qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov qhov tsaws tsaws, koj tuaj yeem pib tsim cov hneev taw.
Khawb ib lub qhov. Lub tob yuav tsum yog txog 70 cm, lub cheeb - 100-115 centimeters. Chiv yog tov nrog loosened av. Lub qhov taub yuav tsum pib ua ib lub pov roob.
Nws tseem ceeb heev: nce saum toj no hauv av yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 15-20 cm
Tsav ib lub peg mus rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub toj - nws yuav ua tus pab txhawb rau koj seedling. Tsob ntoo muab tso rau ntawm ib qho toj siab, nphoo nrog lub ntiaj teb thiab tamped. Abandantly dej.
Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm tu ib tsob ntoo muaj kua yog pruning ceg. Nws yog ua tom qab lub caij ntuj no, thaum lub Frost twb pw tsaug zog.
Yog hais tias ib tsob ntoo kua muaj hnub nyoog tshaj li xya xyoo, ces lub Upper tua yog pruned thawj. Yog hais tias lub seedling yog yau, lub tua yuav tsum tsis txhob raug txiav.
Thaum twg muaj hnub nyoog hauv tsob ntoo, ua tib zoo tshem tawm cov ceg ntoo thiab chaw puas tsuaj, zoo li cov nplooj xyoo dhau los (yog tias lawv tsis raug tshem tawm ua ntej lub caij ntuj no), raws li cov laus thiab cov khoom tsis haum yuav tawg, thiab tom qab ua ib tug haven rau cov kab mob pathogenic.
Nco ntsoov: tsuas yog cov kev loj hlob txhua xyoo raug txiav, uas txawm nce los yog hauv cov yas.Ua tib zoo tshem tawm cov nroj tsuag uas loj hlob thaum lub sij hawm sov so ntawm tus taw ntawm lub tsob ntoo kua.
Qee zaus loosen hauv av ib ncig ntawm ib tsob ntoo laus.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Ntsuab aphid
Colonial Kab Tsuag. Nws hloov sai sai, nrog qhov pib ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav nyob rau hauv thawj hnub ntawm warmth yuav ntes tag nrho cov tub ntxhais hluas tua uas koj cov nroj tsuag tau muab.
Aphid nqus cov kua txiv hmab txiv los ntawm cov nroj tsuag, vim tias cov paj thiab, raws li, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis tshwm rau cov neeg ntawd.
Kev Kho Mob: zoo heev tsis kam mus rau ladybugs.Thaum lawv raug xa mus rau qhov chaw uas thaj tsam cov kab nroj tsuag tau tsim. Nyuj noj cov kab tsuag kom sai li sai tau. Koj tuaj yeem siv tshuaj tsuag nrog tsob ntoo nrog luam yeeb.
Kua Mole
Thaum twg lub flowering theem pib, cov pests kis ntau tsob ntoo. Caterpillars npauj overwinter on tua los yog bark ntawm ceg, nrog cua sov lawv tsa thiab pub on nplooj thiab paj.
On noj yoojyim parasites tsim nests thiab pupate.
Kev Kho Mob: ua ntej thiab tom qab flowering, sprinkle tus tua thiab ceg nrog ib tug xya feem tov ntawm chlorophos thiab ib ob feem pua ntawm solone.
Scab
Lub kua ntoo ntawm Nadezhda cultivar yog txaus resistant rau scab, tab sis tseem qee zaus yuav kis nrog tus kab mob no. Lub kaub puab yog ib lub fungus uas nws pathogen siv lub caij ntuj no rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij los yog tuag nplooj, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav cuam tshuam cov nroj tsuag.
Greenish me ntsis yog tsim on nplooj, xim av ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Yog hais tias koj tsis kho lub scab nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm, lub foliage pib poob, thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo shrinks.
Kev Kho Mob: Txhua zaus yuav tsum hlawv nplooj sab nraum lub vaj, ces muab lub ntiaj teb ntim rau 3% nitrafen tov. Buds ntxuav ib feem pua Bordeaux kua.
Kabmob dub
Nws cuam tshuam lub pob tw, nplooj, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab ceg ntoo. Nws tshaj tawm hais tias nyob rau hauv ulcers los yog nyob rau hauv dub-xim av growths, qhov feem cuam ntawm tsob ntoo qhuav li, lub bark pib poob tawm.
Yog tias lub sij hawm tsis muab kev kho kom zoo, cov tsob ntoo nrog tus kabmob no nyob rau ntau tshaj peb lub xyoos.
Kev Kho Mob: Txiav qhov cuam tshuam bark thiab ceg nrog ib tug ntse riam. Kho bark wounds nrog ib feem pua Bordeaux kua. Tsis tas li ntawd tshuaj tsuag kev daws nrog buds ua ntej flowering.
TSEEM CEEB! Yog tias koj pom muaj kab mob hauv ib lub tsob ntoo, thov kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv mus rau tag nrho lub vaj teb, txwv tsis pub tus kab mob kis tau.
TSWV YIM: Ua tib zoo ntxuav lub vaj teb ua ntej lub caij ntuj no, raws li feem ntau cov kabmob tshaj dhau ntawm nplooj poob.
Ib qho kua-ntoo ntawm qib qib siab Hope tuav tsis nyuaj, dua li lwm qib.
Nws muaj ib tug high tawm los, lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog zoo ua.
Qhov no tsob ntoo yog haum tsis tsuas rau lub chaw zov me nyuam, tab sis kuj rau lub vaj teb ib txwm li ib txwm.
Tab sis cov ntau yam kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo: Vam cia tsis tau cov lus ntxawg thiab xav tau ib tsob ntoo pollinator.