Cov txiv moj coos yog ib lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nyob thoob plaws ntiaj teb.
Pear tuaj rau Russia los ntawm ancient Persia thiab tau dav thoob plaws hauv lub tebchaws.
Marble pear yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau nrov ntawm pears uas zus nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab cov av.
Zoo li cas?
Muaj ntau ntau cov txheej txheem rau qhov sib txawv ntawm ntau yam pear nroj tsuag, cov tseem ceeb yog:
- txiv hmab txiv ntoo tawm lub caij nyoog;
- kaum duab puab;
- qhov siab ntawm tsob ntoo.
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm ripening
Thaum twg nws siav? Pear Marble raug xa mus rau thaum ntxov-Autumn ntau yam, raws li nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo feem ntau yog ripen nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov Lub Cuaj Hli. Cov ntoo no muaj qhov siab qhov nruab nrab thiab ib qho yas hauv qab.
Cov nram qab no pear hom kuj ripen nyob rau hauv Autumn: Thumbelina, Larinska, Uralochka, Bere Bosk thiab Silent Don.
Yug me nyuam keeb kwm thiab yug me nyuam thaj av
Ib qho ntawm lub npe nrov tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Tsav Teb Chaws Russia I. V. Michurin. Nws yog nws leej twg tau tswj nqa lub caij ntuj no ntau ntawm pears uas muaj peev xwm loj hlob nyob rau hauv kev nyab xeeb ntawm Lavxias teb sab. Qhov no muaj ntau lub npe Bere caij ntuj no Michurina.
Ib me ntsis tom qab, tus yug menyuam A. Ulyanischeva thiab GD Non-txoj kev, ua haujlwm ntawm lub vaj zaub hauv lub vaj hauv lub nroog ntawm Rossosh, nyob rau thaj tsam Voronezh, tau zoo siv cov txuj ci thiab kev kawm ntawm Michurin thiab hla ib lub caij ntuj no Bere pear ntoo nrog ntau yam hu ua Hav zoov kev zoo nkauj.
Yog li, ib tug tshiab ntau yam yog bred - Marble txiv moj coos. Hauv xyoo 1965, qhov no tau muab ntaus hauv lub Xeev Sau. Nws pib loj hlob nyob rau hauv Central, Lower Volga, Volga-Vyatka thiab Central Black ntiaj teb thaj chaw ntawm lub teb chaws.
Tsos
Lub Marble Pear tsob ntoo yuav txawv los ntawm nws cov ceg ntoo, qhov nruab nrab qhov siab thiab pyramidal crown, uas yog dav nyob ntawm lub hauv paus. Lub bark ntawm tsob ntoo no muaj xim grey-ntsuab. Marble pear muaj ib tug qis tsis zoo rau kev tua hlawv. Lawv yog xim liab-xim av nyob rau hauv cov xim thiab qhia txog kev nce.
Tus tua yog densely them nrog lub teeb coloured lentils. Lub buds yog voos thiab xim av nyob rau hauv cov xim. Cov paj ntawm tsob ntoo pib muaj xim dawb, tab sis thaum lub sij hawm tsim ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua ntau pinkish. Inflorescences yog cov kaus poom thiab zoo li yim rau cuaj me paj.
Pear "Marble": kev piav qhia ntawm ntau yam thiab cov duab
Qhov no pear ntau yam muaj lub teeb ntsuab nplooj ntawm medium loj thiab ovoid duab, nyob rau ntawm ib qho kev mob kaum rau lub tua. Fruiting Marble pears raug xa mus rau hauv lub voj voos, vim nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo feem ntau loj hlob nyob rau ntawm ringworms nyob ntawm ob mus rau plaub cov ceg ntoo.
Lawv muaj ib txwm puag ncig-conical duab thiab ib qhov chaw du. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj ib daim tawv nqaij tawv, uas yog cov nqaij me me ntawm rusty xim.
Lub ntsiab xim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog greenish-daj, tab sis nyob rau sab ntawm lub pears ntawm Marble ntau yam muaj ib xim av-xim liab marble chaw, vim qhov no ntau lub npe hu ua li hais tias txoj kev. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm Marble pear muaj dav, medium-qhov loj hlob stems.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo pulp yuav muaj xim qab zib los yog xim dawb thiab nws yog tus qauv los ntawm cov qauv uas muaj coarse-grained. Cov noob yog lub teeb xim av nyob rau hauv cov xim thiab pom muaj me me hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Marble pears muaj ib lub qab qab zib thiab ib qho kev pleev xim rau qab ntxiag thiab muaj rau cov khoom noj qab zib pear.
Diam duab pears "Marble":
Yam ntxwv
Marble pear feem ntau yog pib muab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv lub thib rau rau xya xyoo tom qab kev txhim kho thiab ua rau yus tus kheej high yield. Nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo feem ntau yog tshwm sim thaum lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj, thiab tus neeg siv sij hawm ntev li peb mus rau plaub as thiv. Tshem tawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav khaws cia rau caum rau xya caum hnub. Lawv muaj siab txog kev thauj mus los thiab kev ua khoom zoo.
Qhov uas yuav txo tau cov khoom no yog cov huab cua qhuav thiab muaj zog ntawm cov cua, vim tias pears tau crumble. Lub pear marble yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm nruab nrab Frost tsis kam.
Rogneda, Duchess, Sverdlovchanka, Feeriya, Lel thiab Chizhovskaya qhia zoo Frost tsis kam.
Ib qho ntawm qhov zoo ntawm Marble pear yog nws tsis kam mus rau scab, powdery mildew thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo rot. Pearl ntau yam yuav siv tau raws li pollinators rau Marble pears. Cathedral, Severyanka, Oryol lub caij ntuj sov thiab kev zoo nkauj Oryol.
Kev cog thiab kev kho mob
Marble pears yog pom zoo kom yuav tsum tau cog rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav los yog caij nplooj zeeg - txog ib hlis ua ntej thawj Frost. Qhov feem ntau dej siab rau seedlings ntawm no tsob ntoo yog loamy av.
Nws yog nyob rau hauv no av Marble pear guaranteed muab koj nrog ib tug zoo sau, yog tias koj ua raws li cov kev cai ntawm tu nws.
Yog hais tias koj txiav txim siab cog Marble pear nyob rau hauv av nplaum av, nyob rau hauv lub qhov taub rau cog yog yuav tsum tau ntxiv peat, compost thiab dej xuab zeb loj loj.
Qhov no yuav pab kom cov yub tsim txhua zaus, txaus siab qhov nws xav tau rau huab cua. Rau sandy xau, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau siv cov additives xws li humus, peat thiab compost.
Qhov tob ntawm lub qhov rau cog seedlings yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog xya caum centimeters, thiab lub kab yuav tsum yog ib metre. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los khawb ib lub qhov khoob ob peb hnub ua ntej npaj tsaws. Nyob rau hauv qab ntawm aub tsiv, koj tuaj yeem pov cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov kaus poom.
TSEEM CEEB! Yog tias koj yuav cog tsob ntoo Marble rau ntawm qhov chaw uas nyob hauv av dej, koj yuav tsum ua kom lub ditch mus ntws cov dej no, txwv tsis pub tsob ntoo tuag tau.
Rau reinsurance yog zoo dua cog seedlings on me me mounds. Tom ntej no mus rau Marble Pear koj tuaj yeem cog ntau cov zaub qoob loo nrog tsuas yog pob kws thiab paj noob hlis. Cov kab qoj siab no tau kos los ntawm cov av ua txhua yam kev pab cuam uas yuav tsum tau los ntawm tsob ntoo pear.
Seedlings yuav tsum tau watered tsis tu ncua, thiab fertilizer nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo ntawm cog tsis yog yuav tsum tau siv. Mature ntoo yuav tsum tau watering ob peb zaug thoob plaws lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij ntuj sov. Sprinkling yog feem ntau dej siab txoj kev ntawm dej.
Ua li no, koj muaj peev xwm khawb ib qho zawj ntawm qhov chaw, qhov tob ntawm qhov yuav tsum yog li ntawm kaum tsib centimeters thiab ua tib zoo ncuav dej rau nws. Rau watering ib square Meter ntawm pear cog, koj yuav tsum tau ob los yog peb thoob dej.
Tom qab watering, thiab kuj tom qab ib tug los nag, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los dawb pristvolny voj los ntawm weeds.
Nyob rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau mus rau pune pears, tshem laus cov ceg thiab shortening lub tshuav. Qhov no yuav pab tiv thaiv cov khoom siv tawv ntoo thiab ua ib qho kev pabcuam rau kev tsim cov pob tshiab tshiab.
Nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub Plaub Hlis, lub Marble Pear yuav tsum tau muab tsuag. Thawj thawj yuav tsum tau nqa tawm thaum lub caij so, uas yuav pab tiv thaiv tsob ntoo ntawm kab tsuag thiab ntau yam kab mob. Tsuag cov ntoo thib ob lub sij hawm yuav tsum yog thaum nws pom buds. Rau kev txau, koj tuaj yeem siv yeeb tshuaj xws li "Fury", "Strobe" thiab "Inta-Vir".
Nyob rau hauv Tej zaum, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau pib mus koom nyob rau hauv lub enrichment ntawm cov av nrog kev kab kawm. Rau qhov no koj tuaj yeem siv cov kab ntsev, kua qab ntsev, tooj liab sulfate thiab boric acid daws. Rau ib tsob ntoo neeg laus, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau ua kom tinning - txiav nyom ib ncig nws thiab pub cov av nrog nitrogen. Tsis txhob hnov qab tias nyom considerably drained cov av. Los npaj ntoo rau lub caij ntuj no, koj muaj peev xwm cog ib tug ntsuab manure, uas yuav decompose thaum lub sij hawm lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab enrich cov av nrog tsim nyog tshuaj.
Lub ntsiab ntawm Marble pear kev kho mob nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov yog li niaj zaus watering ntawm grooves.
Hauv lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj-Lub Kaum Hli, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau ua kom muaj pob zeb, thiab hlau txhuas hlau yuav tsum raug siv los pleev xim rau cov nplooj ntoo. Kaum Ib Hlis Ntuj yog ib lub sij hawm zoo heev uas yuav tau ntim cov av.
Ua li no, koj tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj xws li compost, potassium, superphosphate, dolomite, tshauv, sodium chloride, ntsev thiab txiv qaub. Fertilizers yuav tsum tau pw tawm ib ncig ntawm pear los yog ib ncig ntawm lub perimeter ntawm nws crown.
Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no lub hlis, cov ntoo yuav warmed nrog snow los tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm khov, thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas seedlings xav hilling av.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Marble pear yog heev resistant rau powdery mildew thiab //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html, tab sis nws tseem xav tau kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas ntawm kev tiv thaiv.
Ua li no, nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg caij nplooj ntoos zeeg lawv khawb ntawm lub voj voog nyob ze, tshem lawv tawm ntawm nplooj poob, thiab nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav lawv ntxuav tawm cov tawv ntoo qub los ntawm lub cev ntoo, ua chaw rau ib lub tshiab. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv lub cev ntawm ib tsob ntoo los ntawm cov nas, koj tuaj yeem siv shag los yog luam yeeb.
Marble pear yog ntau yam ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo no. Yog tias koj kho nws saib xyuas nws, nws yuav twv yuav raug muab nqi zog rau koj nrog ib qho loj npaum li cas ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Tsis txhob tso tseg qhov kev nyiam ntawm cov av nrog cov zaub mov thiab txau ntoo kom tiv thaiv cov cab thiab kab mob. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas tus mob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lawv cov ntoo, thiab tom qab ntawd ces lawv yuav zoo siab rau koj ntev.
Cov nram qab no ntau yam yog cov resistant mus rau cov kab mob: Limonka, Lira, Northenian Red-cheeked, Moscow thaum ntxov thiab Noyabrskaya.
