Pear paub rau cov txiv neej rau ib lub sij hawm ntev. Thawj cov ntoo tshwm nyob rau hauv ancient tim Nkij teb chaws thiab tau dav faib, ua ntej li cov nroj tsuag qus, thiab tom qab ntawd raws li cog nroj tsuag.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm ib tug pear muaj ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm tseem ceeb tshuaj, nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm nrog lawv cov kev pab lawv kho ntau cov kab mob. Ib qho ntawm cov hiob thiab cov npe nrov tshaj plaws yog Forest Beauty.
Nws heev sai sai tau txoj kev hlub ntawm gardeners, thiab tseem nyiam cov neeg tsis paub zoo. Qhov no pear yog feem ntau thiab yog zus txhua txhia qhov chaw.
Cov pears hais txog dab tsi?
Pear "Forest Beauty" yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws high-yieldingAutumn ntau yam pears, nrog keeb kwm ntawm nplua nuj thiab ntau virtues.
Nrog nws cov kev pab, ntau tshaj 30 tshiab, heev ntau hnub no ntau yam ntawm pears raug tau.
Ntawm lub Autumn ntau yam, koj yuav tsum them sai sai rau Bere Bosk, Talgar kev zoo nkauj, Uralochka, Silent Don thiab Otradnenskaya.
Yug me nyuam keeb kwm thiab yug me nyuam thaj av
Tsob ntoo ntawm no ntau yam yog pom los ntawm kev sib tsoo, thaum pib ntawm XIX caug xyoo. Nrhiav nws yog Chatillon nyob hauv Belgian forests, nyob ze lub nroog Alost.
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj hlob ntawm tsob ntoo no txawv txawv tshaj plaw saj, thiab lawv cov noob heev sai sai pib yuav cog rau hauv tag nrho Belgian lub vaj. Qhov ntau yam sai sai ua rau ntau, thiab los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub XIX caug xyoo. yuam tawm yuav luag txhua yam ntawm pears, muaj nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe.
Pear "Forest Beauty" muaj ntau lub npe: Alexandrina, roj ntoo thiab Marie Louise. Txawm hais tias nyob hauv cov teb chaws Europe, Marie-Louise yog xam ntau yam, tsis txheeb rau "Hav Zoov Zoo Nkauj".
Qhov ntau yam raug zoned thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo dhau los. Sab Qaum Teb Caucasus thiab Lower Volga thaj tsam ntawm Russia. Txawm li cas los, ua tsaug rau nws lub caij ntuj no hardiness, unpretentiousness thiab tsis kam mus rau droughtQhov no ntau tau tau muaj nyob rau ntau lub teb chaws: Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova, nyob rau hauv Baltic States thiab Central Asia.
Nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam pear ntau yam Victoria, Kupava, Lemonka, Lira thiab Rossoshanskaya Dessert yog zoo heev.
Pear "Forest Beauty": yees duab thiab piav qhia ntawm ntau yam
Tsob ntoo ntawm cov "Hav Zoov Zoo Nkauj" nruab nrab rau siab, ceev ceev loj hlob.
Krone sab, dav dav, tsis muaj zog foliated. Lub bark yog grey, ntxhib. Tus tua yog muaj zog, ncaj, tuab, burgundy.
Buds yog me me, me ntsis silvery. Cov nplooj yog medium loj, tsaus ntsuab, nrog ib tug ntev petiole thiab finely toothed sawv.
Lub paj yog me me, liab thiab dawb, nrog me me oval petals. Yuav loj hlob raws li inflorescences ntawm 6-10 pieces, los yog ib tug los ntawm ib tug.
Blooms "Hav Zoov Zoo Nkauj" nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis thiab Tsib Hlis. Ib tug txawv qhov ntawm no ntau yam yog tsis insensitivity mus rau Frost thaum lub sij hawm flowering.
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm kev zoo nkauj tsis loj heev, weighing li 120-150 grams, qee zaus txog li 300 grams. Nyob rau hauv cov duab, lawv resemble ib tug me ntsis npawv rounded qe. Cov tawv nqaij yog nyias, tab sis theej ntom, me ntsis ntxhib.
Thaum pib ntawm qhov kom loj hlob ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nws yog greenish, thiab thaum twg tag nrho ripe nws yog daj, nrog tsaus subcutaneous me ntsis thiab liab ziab nyob rau sab hnub ci.
Cov nqaij yog daj, heev nyuj, muaj kua thiab mos, me ntsis oily, nrog ib tug heev qab ntxiag qaub-Sweet saj..
Tsaug rau nws zoo dessert saj Cov pears no feem ntau noj tshiab, tab sis kuj tseem siv tau rau ua noj ua haus compotes los yog jam.
Yog xav paub ntxiv txog ntau yam thiab pom cov pears "Forest Beauty" yuav ua tau rau hauv daim duab hauv qab no:
Yam ntxwv
"Hav Zoov Zoo Nkauj" - tsis tshua muaj siab-tiv taus qib. Tej zaum kom muaj peevxwm tiv taus kub li -45-50 ° Cthiab xav tau feem ntau lub caij ntuj no Hardy ntawm tag nrho cov European ntau yam. Nyob rau hauv Russia, qhov no ntau yam zoo hlob nyob rau hauv ncaj hnyav climatic tej yam kev mob.
Lub caij ntuj no zoo heev yog qhov pom tau los ntawm ntau yam xws li Muscovite, Skorospelka los ntawm Michurinsk, Chizhovskaya, Lel thiab Sverdlovchanka.
Ib qho tseem ceeb kom zoo dua rau kev zoo nkauj yog high yield. Nws fructifies ruaj khov thiab txhua xyoo. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov qoob loo ntawm cov qoob loo xwb.
Yog hais tias lub xyoo no tus sau yog nplua nuj, ces tom ntej no - ntau tsawg. Fruiting pib 5-7 xyoos tom qab tsaws, thiab thaum twg grafting on quince - los ntawm 4-5.
Pib ripening nyob rau hauv 20th ntawm lub yim hli ntuj. Hmoov tsis, "Forest Beauty" nws mus sai sai ripening, shedding thiab kev puas tsuaj rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Yog li ntawd harvesting yog zoo dua mus pib 8-10 hom hnub ua ntej lawv tag nrho maturation. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog khaws cia rau ntev, tsuas 15-20 hnub.
Cov nram qab no qib ntawm pears qhia zoo yields: Hera, Lada, Cov me nyuam, Decakrinka, Vernaya thiab Noyabrskaya.
Kev cog thiab kev kho mob
Cov nyob tus yeees ntawm cov av yog undemanding, tab sis yuav loj hlob zoo dua on fertile, xoob Sandy loams los yog loams.
Qhov chaw rau "Forest Beauty" tsim nyog sunny thiab zoo ventilated, nrog cov dej tsis qis. Ua ntej cog, kom zoo zoo khawb li cov av, tshem tawm weeds thiab txiv qaub.
Los cog tsob ntoo yuav tsum tam sim ntawd mus rau ib qho chaw mus tas li. Yuav nqa tawm tsaws nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav (Tsib Hlis) thiab Autumn (thaum ntxov Lub kaum hli ntuj). Nyob ze ntawm tib lub sij hawm nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los cog pollinating ntau yam.
Pear "Forest Beauty" tus kheej-pollinated tsuas yog ib nrab. Rau ib qho zoo me me, qhov muaj cov naj npawb ntawm pollinators xws li Josephine Mechelnskaya, Limonka, Williams.
Npaj cov pits rau kev tsaws ua ntej. Lawv yuav tsum sib sib zog nqus tsis pub tsawg tshaj 1-1.2 m thiab ib tug dav ntawm txog 0.8 m.
Nyob rau hauv qab ntawm aub tsiv nteg ib tug sib tov ntawm excavated av, 20 kg ntawm humus, 0.2 kg ntawm superphosphate, 0.1 kg ntawm poov tshuaj sulfate thiab ob lub thoob ntawm coarse xuab zeb. Tom qab ntawd 30 liters dej tov nrog 0.6 kg ntawm dolomite hmoov yog poured rau hauv aub tsiv thiab sab laug mus rau sawv ntsug rau ib lub lim tiam.
Tom qab no, ib tug pauv peg yog ntsia nyob rau hauv aub tsiv, thiab ib tug seedling yog muab tso rau. Nws densely sprinkled nrog av, ua Nco ntsoov tias hauv paus caj dab yog ib ob peb cm saum toj no hauv av theem.
Muab ib ncig ntawm lub seedling kom zoo zoo rammed thiab tawm ib me me qhov.
Tom qab ntawd tsob ntoo yog dawb xwb khi rau ib tug peg, zoo watered thiab mulch cov av nrog qhuav humus los yog nplua sawdust.
Ntxiv xim yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau tsob ntoo. Nyob rau hauv thawj ob peb xyoos, ua ntej pib ntawm fruiting, nws yog watered. tsawg kawg yog 5 zaug hauv ib lub xyoo, thiab ces watering yog txo mus rau 2-3 lub sij hawm.
Tom qab txhua tus dej xws li nws yuav tsum tau loosen thiab mulch cov av.
Cov tub ntxhais hluas yuav tsum tsis txhob tsum tau dej hauv paus. Zoo dua ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 15-20 cm los ntawm lub pob tw mus khawb ib tug me me ncig zawj, ib tug tob ntawm txog 20 cm, thiab ncuav dej muaj.
Fertilizers pib ua nyob rau hauv ob xyoo tom qab tsaws.
Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav, nitrogen chiv yog siv (3 dia ntawm urea ib 15 liv dej), thiab nyob rau hauv lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj poov tshuaj phosphorus fertilizer yuav siv tau.
Thaum lub sij hawm fruiting lub sij hawm chiv yog siv ntau tshaj, txog 3-4 zaug hauv ib lub xyoo. Thawj noj yog nqa tawm thaum pib ntawm Tej zaum, ob - thaum pib ntawm flowering, peb - thaum lub sij hawm ripening lub sij hawm thiab plaub - tom qab xaiv lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Koj tuaj yeem thov thiab txau cov nroj tsuag nrog rau kev nce qib. Ntoo ua haujlwm zoo ntoo tshauv daws: 2 tbsp. on ib thoob ntawm boiling dej (txias thiab lim).
Thaum cog seedlings siv thawj hom quaj qw. Ua li no, lub hauv paus pob txha ntawm tsob ntoo yog luv kom nws qhov ntxeev yog 25 cm siab dua cov tswv yim ntawm lub ntsiab ceg, thiab cov no ceg raug txiav mus rau 1/3 ntev.
Nyob rau hauv ob xyoo, tag nrho cov loj ceg thiab pob tw luv luv los ntawm 15-20 cm Ntxiv pruning yog nqa tawm txhua xyoo: caij nplooj ntoo hlav thiab caij nplooj zeeg.
Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, koj muaj peev xwm ua ib tug me me kho pruning kom muaj cov duab ntawm crown, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos tawm txiav tawm qub, diseased los yog raug ceg ceg.
Txhua 3 xyoo rau cov laus neeg laus, lawv siv cov kev laus los tiv thaiv kev laus: tshem tawm cov ceg qhuav thiab thickening crown tua.
"Forest Beauty" yog heev Frost-resistant thiab tsis xav tau wrapping rau lub caij ntuj no. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tiv thaiv tau lub cev kom txhob raug mob ntawm cov rog thiab cov nas. Ua li no, haum ib nylon ntaub, ntaub qhwv ib ncig hauv qab ntawm lub thoob.
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm "Forest Beauty" yog kev tiv thaiv los ntawm tus kab mob. Hmoov tsis, qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov respects qhov ntau yam yog feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm scab.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
//selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html - Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau thiab txaus ntshai fungal kab mob ntawm pears. Feem ntau no fungus cuam tshuam tsis tsuas yog lub nplooj, tab sis kuj tua thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Koj tuaj yeem pom nws los ntawm qhov tsos ntawm sab hauv ntawm ib daim ntawv qhia meej pom daj me ntsis.
Ntawm ntau yam resistant rau scab, koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau lub Severianska Krasnoshchekuyu, Oryol Beauty, Oryol Lub Caij Ntuj Sov, Elegant Efimova thiab Marble.
Ib me ntsis tom qab, lub me ntsis darken thiab ua them nrog ib tug fluffy dawb Bloom. Cov tub ntxhais hluas tua cov kab sib sib zog nqus nrawm nrog tib patina.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov me me tsaus nti nrog ib sab ntug dawb. Sij hawm dhau mus, lawv tau deformed, tawg thiab poob tawm.
Qhov no fungus overwinter nyob rau hauv qub qub nplooj thiab bark.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv tau tus kab mob, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom tsis tu ncua qhuav nplooj, hla laus daim tawv los ntawm kev tua thiab ceg ntoo thiab nqa tawm kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov nroj tsuag peb zaug hauv ib xyoos.
Thawj cov kev kho yog nqa tawm thaum pib ntawm qhov o ntawm ob lub raum nrog ib tug 4% daws Bordeaux sib tov, ob - tom qab kawg ntawm flowering thiab twb 1% daws, thiab lub thib peb - 3 lub lis piam tom qab flowering.
Yog hais tias tus kab mob no tshwm sim, ces Koj tuaj yeem sim ua cov av ua tsob ntoo li 10% ammonium nitrate. Tab sis tsuas yog tom qab sau, thiab tiv thaiv no daws los ntawm ntog rau ntawm pob tw thiab ceg ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm mus nqa tawm tag nrho cov tsim nyog tiv thaiv kev ntsuas, ces loj hlob Forest hav zoov rau ntawm koj qhov chaw tsis yog nyuaj.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm no ntau yam yog:
- siab yield;
- huab Frost tsis kam;
- unpretentiousness nyob rau hauv tawm thiab undemanding rau cov av;
- zoo txiv ntoo saj.
Cov kev tsis zoo yog:
- propensity ripen thiab ntov txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- cuam tshuam dab tsi.
Dua li no, "Forest Beauty" pear deservedly tsis plam nws qhov chaw ntawm gardeners thiab tseem yog feem ntau pom nyob rau ntau dacha thaj av.
