Tsis tsuas yog qhov kev zoo nkauj ntawm paj thiab lub sij hawm ntawm flowering attracts petunia paj growers. Nws yooj yim rau cov kev kho mob sib txawv, ua kom yooj yim teb cov tswv yim. Nws yog txaus los saib xyuas cov dej hom thiab ua ntu zus los noj nws thiaj li yuav tau txais ib lub vaj paj ntawm nplooj ntoo hauv koj cheeb tsam. Koj muaj peev xwm loj hlob nws los ntawm nws tus kheej sau cuttings los ntawm los ntawm seedlings yuav khoom. Tab sis nws yog ntau yooj yim dua yuav cog noob.
Petunia ampelous: piav qhia ntawm cov nroj tsuag
Petunias yog eagerly siv rau loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub vaj teb, nyob rau hauv flowerbeds, decorating balconies, verandas. Nws muaj ntau yam xim ntawm cov paj, uas tuaj yeem tawg tsis muaj ntau tshaj qhov nyiaj npib me me los yog ncav cuag 9-10 cm inch.Thiab tag nrho qhov no yog muab faib ua ob pawg loj: upright thiab ampelous petunias. Qhov ntev ntawm kev tua ntawm upright nroj tsuag ncav 70 cm, tab sis tom qab stretching upward, lawv maj mam poob mus rau hauv av. Cov ntau yam feem ntau siv mus cog nyob rau hauv lub paj txaj.
Lub tom kawg yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm ntev dai tua, uas yog siv raws li ib tug nyob zoo nkauj. Nyob rau hauv ib co ntau yam, qhov ntev ntawm lub loops ncav ib thiab ib nrab meters. Petunia yog zus nyob rau hauv pots, baskets, thawv. Qee lub sij hawm nws yog siv raws li ib tug hauv av cover nyob rau hauv lub vaj, on Alpine toj, siv nyob rau hauv paj cascades.
Qee cov kws txawj ib leeg tawm ntawm lwm pawg petunias - semi-amber Nws loj hlob ib tug lush Bush nrog tua tsis ntau tshaj 40 cm thiab yog siv mas raws li ib tug sab hauv nroj tsuag.
Koj puas paub? Petunia belongs rau lub genus ntawm shrubs thiab herbaceous perennials ntawm tsev neeg ntawm nightshade. Nws lub vaj tsev zoo yog lub tropics ntawm Paraguay, Uruguay, Bolivia, Argentina, Brazil. Ua tau, lub npe ntawm cov nroj tsuag muaj Brazilian keeb kwm: "petun" txhais tau tias "luam yeeb". Nyob rau hauv tag nrho muaj tsawg kawg 25 hom ntawm no nroj tsuag, tsis suav qhov ntau yam hybrids.
Cov nroj tsuag muaj ntau hom paj hauv xim. Lawv tuaj yeem yog monophonic, nrog ob lossis peb tones. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub siab lub ntsws, leeg, ib sab ntug ib ncig ntawm lub npoo thiab txawm tias tsuas yog cov ntxhuav xwb tab xim rau xim txawv. Paj ntawm tswb-daim duab yuav ua tau terry los yog semi-ob, corrugated, carved, fringed los yog tus.
Hybrid ntau yam muaj hloov zuj zus nyob rau hauv ob txoj kev: ntau-flowered thiab loj-flowered. Ib qho kev zoo li amunium petunia muaj qee txoj cai rau cog thiab tu. Yog li, ntau-flowered suav hais tias unpretentious. Lawv yog cov dej txaus rau hauv lub sij hawm, periodically ntxiv fertilizer mus rau dej, thiab muab kom txaus teeb pom kev zoo. Lawv muab me me, mus txog 5 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb, tab sis ntau paj. Faded inflorescences ploj nws tus kheej.
Loj-flowered ncav cuag 10 cm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb, tab sis muab tsis xws plentiful flowering. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv yuav tsum tau kho lawv kom zoo dua. Lawv xav tau ib qho teeb meem ntawm lub teeb, tshav kub, tshwj xeeb ntawm cov av, thiab nrog rau cov pob txha qhuav ntawm cov pob zeb qhuav.
Yuav ua li cas cog ib tug ampelous petunia
Raws li ib txoj cai, lub cultivation ntawm ampelous petunia pib nrog lub sowing ntawm noob. Thiaj li rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag mus rau tawg thaum ntxov li sai tau, lawv yog koom nyob rau hauv sowing nyob rau hauv Lub ob hlis ntuj, raws li cov nroj tsuag tsim heev qeeb. Koj muaj peev xwm muab nws rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj, tab sis koj yuav tsum nqa mus rau hauv tus account lub yam ntxwv ntawm ntau yam thiab tej yam kev mob uas lub paj yuav loj hlob. Nws yog sau tseg tias cov loj-flowered petunias muab thawj paj ntawm 85-90 hnub tom qab sowing, thiab me me-flowered - nyob rau ntawm 70-75 hnub. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, thaum pib ntawm lub caij loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag, nws yuav tsum tau muab ntxiv illumination.
Koj tuaj yeem cog thiab cog nroj tsuag, yuav nws hauv lub khw tshwj xeeb. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, koj yuav txaus siab rau flowering kom txog thaum lig Autumn.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! High-quality seedlings yog zus tsuas yog nrog cov kev them nqi round-lub-moos. Thaum nruab hnub lub hnub ci ntsa iab heev, thiab thaum tsaus ntuj nws yog muffled. Soj ntsuam qhov ntsuas kub thiab tsis pub cov av qhuav mus rau ib tug crust. Hloov cov nroj tsuag rau hauv lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub thawv ntim ntau dua yog tias koj pom tias nws cov hauv paus hniav yog twb protruding rau ntawm qhov chaw. Yog hais tias koj xav seedlings ntau ncav, ncuav ntau av. Txawv ntau yam ntawm petunia yog zus on peat tablets.
Xaiv qhov chaw rau ib tsob nroj
Thaum xaiv ib qho chaw rau tus kab mob petunia, nco ntsoov tias nws nyiam heev heev. Nws yuav zoo rau sab qab teb sab, qhov twg thaum nruab hnub yog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub hnub. Lub vev xaib yuav tsum qhib thiab txhob tsaus nti. Los cog ib qho nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av tau tsuas yog nco ntsoov tias nws tsis catch frost rau hauv av. Raws li txoj cai, qhov no yog zaum ob ntawm lub Tsib Hlis. Lub tsaws nws tus kheej yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv thaum yav tsaus ntuj los yog on ib hnub overcast.Yog tias koj xav cog av petunia hauv chav tsev, xaiv lub qhov rooj ntawm lub qhovrooj sab nrauv. Yog tias tsis tsim kom tsis muaj teeb pom kev zoo, tso cov teeb rau cov roj hmab kom thiaj li siv sijhawm ntev li 14-20 teev.
Cov av uas yuav tsum tau
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas cog ib petunia, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los mus txiav txim qhov tseeb muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov av. Nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim rau lub paj muab ib tug lush flowering, lub siab xav tau ib tug xoob thiab noj cov av nrog ib tug txaus theem ntawm noo noo muaj peev xwm. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav nplua loamy, Sandy, Sandy Sandy av.
Ua ntej cog, nws yog ntshaw kom khawb nws nrog nplooj ntoos humus los yog rotted manure. Tab sis tshiab organic teeb meem yuav tsum tau tso tseg, raws li nws provokes fungal kab mob.
Cov kev cai yooj yim rau cog seedlings ntawm ampelous petunia
Nws muaj ob peb yam kev cai rau cog ib petunia ampelous seedling. Yog hais tias koj lo rau lawv, koj yuav twv yuav raug hu ib tug noj qab haus huv thiab luxuriantly flowering nroj.
Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, xaiv high-zoo noob los ntawm Western tuam ntxhab rau sowing. Yog li koj lav tau kom tau zoo germination ntawm noob. Xaiv cov lus xub thawj thiab zoo tshaj plaws hauv khw tshwj xeeb. Ua ntej sowing, nws yog ntshaw kom ignite nws nyob rau hauv qhov cub los yog disinfect nws nrog tshwj xeeb txhais tau tias.
Saib xyuas cov hnub cog. Nws yog tsim nyog los koom rau hauv germinating cov noob tsis ntxov tshaj Lub ob hlis ntuj, tab sis tsis pub dhau lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj. Nyiag cai koom nrog rau lub tswv yim pom zoo rau sowing thiab cog seedlings ntawm ib tug ntau yam. Yog li ntawd, lub seedlings yuav tsum swoop nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm. Nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av nws yog cog nrog nrog ib tug earthy clod, thiaj li tsis mus ua puas lub hauv paus system. Amunia petunia nws muaj nws tus kheej cog qauv: yuav tsum muaj qhov ntev ntawm qhov tsawg kawg yog 30 cm ntawm cov ntoo ntawm lub pob txha.Yog tseem ceeb heev rau cog dej tom qab cog, thiab mulch cog cog hnub tom qab.
Dej cov nroj tsuag tsis tu ncua, tsom ntsoov rau cov dej siv ntawm paj. Ntse kub heev yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum loj hlob seedlings. Noob yuav tsum tau germinate ntawm ib tug kub ntawm 18-20 ° C, thiab loj hlob nyob rau ntawm ib tug kub ntawm 16-18 ° C. Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog hom ntawm refreshment. Kom txog thaum lub yub cog qoob loo thiab paub tab, nws yuav tsum tau taws yam tsawg 14 teev ib hnub twg. Tag nrho lub sij hawm ntawm zaub petunia yuav tsum tau pub. Rau qhov no, kua los yog ntau cov chiv siv.
Txoj cai Petunia Care
Tam sim no cia saib xyuas cov cai yooj yim rau kev saib xyuas ntawm ib tsob nroj.
Watering thiab pub cov nroj tsuag
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv watering petunias - txaus dej. Nws cov nyiaj yuav tsum tau nce raws li cov nroj tsuag hlob. Qhov ntau dua qhov vegetative loj, qhov ntau nws xav tau noo noo. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob cia cov av qhuav tawm, txwv tsis pub tus tua ntawm cov nroj tsuag ua txhav, tawm nplooj crumble, thiab lub paj ua ntiav. On kub hnub, watering yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj li ob zaug ib hnub twg: nyob rau hauv thaum sawv ntxov thiab nyob rau hauv thaum yav tsaus ntuj. Petunias uas cog hauv cov lauj kaub yog feem ntau pom zoo rau yuav tsum tau muab raus dej hauv dej nrog lub lauj kaub.
Tab sis ib qho kev tshaj ntawm noo noo kuj muaj ib tug detrimental siv rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis nco lub caij thaum lub noo noo tau evaporated, tab sis hauv av tsis qhuav li tsis tau. Sim tuaj tos cov av hauv qab cog thiab rub nws hauv koj cov ntiv tes. Yog hais tias cov av tsis tawm rau ntawm txhais tes thiab crumbles tag, nws yog txaus qhuav thiab yuav tsum tau watering.
Koj puas paub? Yog tias koj tsis muaj lub sijhawm los ywg dej rau feem ntau, ntxiv ib qho dej rau cov av. Nws tuav cov dej noo, tsis pub nws evaporate, thiab maj mam muab rau cov nroj tsuag. Yog li koj tuaj yeem txo qhov zaus ntawm dej nyob rau hauv ob - peb zaug.
Cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau noj ib zaug ib lub lim tiam. Ua li no, siv cov kua qaub thiab phosphate chiv. Tab sis ib co ntau yam ntawm petunia, piv txwv li, los ntawm Potunia pawg, raug pom zoo kom pub nrog txhua txhua watering. Pib nrog intensive noj thaum lub sij hawm tsaws, nws yuav tsum tau maj txo, nres ntawm ib tug concentration ntawm txog 2-3 g ib liter dej. Txwv tsis pub, tshaj flowering koj yuav tsis tos.
Rau lwm yam, lub concentration ntawm lub kua pub yuav tsum tsis muaj ntau tshaj 5 g ib thoob dej. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws yog tsis pom zoo kom ncuav hnav khaub ncaws mus rau hauv qhuav av los yog nrog dej - nws yog ib qhov ua tau kom hlawv lub hauv paus plaub hau, los ntawm uas noo noo yog absorbed. Yog li ntawd cov nroj tsuag tau tuag. Raws li txoj cai, nws pom zoo kom siv ib cap cap ib pob ntawm lub pob, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm petunia, ib nrab yuav tsum tau ua. Thiab lawv pom zoo li xws li ib tug Scheme ntawm dej thiab fertilizing: watering cov av thaum sawv ntxov, thiab ntxiv fertilizing nyob rau hauv thaum yav tsaus ntuj.
Kev tu xyuas av
Petunia yog poured tshaj kom zoo zoo ntawm lub hauv paus heev, thiaj li hais tias dej tsis poob rau hauv lub paj. Hnub tom qab, cov av nyob ib ncig ntawm lub paj maj, loosen thiab tshem tawm cov nroj. Saib xyuas kom cov av tsis tau daig hauv ib qho tawv ua kiav txhab.
Yuav ua li cas Trim ampelous petunia, rau ib tug Bush
Txawm tias thaum lub petunia zoo groomed, los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub caij ntuj sov tua los ntawm hauv paus mus rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm qhov ntev los lawv cov nplooj, thiab flowering tseem tsuas nyob rau ntawm lub xaus ntawm cov ceg. Yuav kom khaws cia lub zoo nkauj ntawm cov nroj tsuag, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los nqa tawm kev ua ub no rau tsim ntawm Bush. Yuav ua li no, tsis muaj tshwj xeeb pity, txiav tawm txog ob feem peb ntawm cov tua, txawm lub fact tias muaj tseem yuav luag ib tug liab qab liab.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! Petunia Bush yuav tau txais kev cawmdim rau lub caij tom ntej, yog tias koj muab nws tso rau hauv ib qho chaw txias thiab kaj ci nyob rau ntawm ib tug kub ntawm 7-10 ° C. Qhov no yuav yog ib lub sam thiaj, muaj loggia, tiam sis tsis yog hauv qab daus. Ua ntej xa rau wintering, cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum raug txiav los ntawm ob feem peb. Nws yog watered tsis tshua muaj, thiab nyob rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj, txiav dua. Tom qab ntawd, cog rau hauv ib qho tshiab substrate thiab ib lub lauj kaub wider. Txawm hais tias paj cog qoob loo kom tsis txhob mus koom rau hauv xws li kev ua haujlwm, tab sis mus yuav cov noob tshiab hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
Amun petunia precisely trimmed, pinching nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yuav tsis pab ntau. Yog hais tias tsuas yog qhov kawg ntawm kev tua raug tshem tawm, cov tshiab tua nyob rau qhov raug sab nraud yuav tsis tshwm sim. Kom tsis txhob muaj qhov zoo nkauj ntawm txoj kev ua kom zoo, nws tuaj yeem nqa ob peb theem, txiav tawm ob los yog peb ceg nrog lub caij nyoog ntawm ib lub lim tiam.
Amulet petunia: pinching
Mus rau paj twb lush thiab flowering, nws yuav tsum tau pinned. Qhov no yuav cawm tau cov ceg ntawm kev puas tsuaj thaum lub sij hawm kev loj hlob, xyuas kom tshwm sim ntawm cov tshiab tua thiab qhov ntom ntawm Bush.
Yuav ua li cas pinp ampelnoe petunia kom raug? Raws li nrog rau lwm yam nroj tsuag, koj yuav tsum tshem tawm cov taub ntawm qhov tua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias nws ncav dhau heev lawm. Ua ke nrog nws nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los pinch tawm tag nrho cov bloomed buds, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hais tias lub noob thawv tshwm rau lawv. Txwv tsis pub, tus nroj tsuag yuav muab tag nrho nws cov rog rau lawv tsim, thiab koj yuav tsis pom muaj paj ntxiv.
Yuav ua li cas lub paj multiplies
Qhov feem ntau cov qoob loo txoj kev ua rau lub paj yog noob. Tab sis koj muaj peev xwm yug nws thiab cuttings. Qhov no yog txheej txheem theej yooj yim, tab sis tsis txhaum nrog ib co ntau yam ntawm ampelous petunias, uas yog heev kim.
Noob tawm lus
Yog tias koj txiav txim siab kom cog paj los ntawm cov noob, mam li yuav tshiab los tom khw. Nws tsis pom zoo kom muab lawv tawm ntawm nws tus kheej los ntawm petunias zuj zus hauv cheeb tsam. Feem ntau ntawm ntau yam uas muaj tuaj nyob rau hauv khw muag khoom hnub no yog hybrid. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias tsis tag nrho cov cim ntawm leej niam Bush yog pauv mus rau lwm tiam, thiab thaum kawg koj yuav tau txais ntau yam degenerate. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog hais tias koj muaj ob peb ntau yam nyob rau lub cuab ntxhiab, lawv yog cov yuav rov re-pollinate. Thiab ib co ntau yam tsis tau teem noob rau tag nrho, xws li, piv txwv li, Terry.
Cov noob qoob yuav raug sown nyob rau hauv ib qho av zoo-xoob nutrient av, poured rau hauv tshwj xeeb thawv. Noob tsis nphoo nrog av, tab sis npog nrog ib zaj duab xis los yog iav kom lawv txaus ntom nti.
Koj puas paub? Petunia noob yog me me: txog li 10 txhiab nplej ib pob ib lub noob. Rau yooj yim ntawm sowing, lawv sib tov nrog xuab zeb nyob rau hauv proportions ntawm 1: 5 los yog lawv yuav cog cov khoom tsim nyob rau hauv ib tug dragee.
Zoo noob germination yog tau los ntawm qhov kub ntawm 22-24 ° C thiab humidity ntawm 95-98%. Sprouts ua lawv txoj kev nyob rau hauv ib lub lim tiam los yog ob. Nrog rau thawj daim ntawv tawm lub vaj tse. Txhua txhua hnub lawv yuav tsum tau txau thiab maj mam txo qhov kub. Los ntawm lub sij hawm lub seedlings nyob rau hauv lub thawv kom muaj zog, lub ambient cua kub yuav tsum muaj 18-20 ° C thaum lub sij hawm nruab hnub thiab 14-16 ° C thaum hmo ntuj.
Txog ib lub hlis tom qab sowing, thaum muaj tsawg kawg yog ob nplooj on sprouts, lawv dhia, deepening lub sprout rau hauv av mus rau thawj nplooj. Cov kev loj hlob ntawm seedlings yuav qeeb heev, vim hais tias nyob rau lub sij hawm no tag nrho cov rog ntawm cov nroj tsuag mus rau tsim ntawm hauv paus system. Thaum nws tas ob los sis peb nplooj ntxiv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau nqa tawm ntawm kev xaiv.
Tsis txhob hnov qab mus rau dej lub sij hawm thiab txaus, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm kom tsis txhob stagnant noo noo. Young sprouts yog nquag dub ceg kab mob.
Nws tseem ceeb heev! "Dub ceg" - ib tug kab mob hu ua fungal. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm rau cov menyuam yaus tua hauv thawj lub limtiam ntawm lawv lub neej. Yog hais tias tus nyuam qhuav sprung tua rot, poob thiab qhuav, lawv tej zaum muaj tus kab mob no fungus. Rau kev tiv thaiv, nws yog pom zoo kom mus rau dej lub seedlings nrog ib tug qaug zog daws ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate.
Ua ntej cog seedlings nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av, nws yuav tsum zoo tempered. Kom npaj cov nroj tsuag zoo li zoo txawm tias thaum kub tee mus rau 10 ° C.
Cuttings
Thaum lub sij hawm luam ntawm petunia, grafting kuj siv. Lawv siv nws rau Lub Ob Hlis - Tsib Hlis, tab sis yog tias koj tsim cov neeg mob zoo rau cov khoom cog, koj tuaj yeem siv nws txhua xyoo puag ncig. Cov mob no muaj xws li kub taws thiab kub txog 15-22 ° C. Lub cuttings yog cog nyob rau hauv peat ntsiav tshuaj, ib nrab-liter khob los yog thawv rau seedlings nrog ib tug haum av sib tov.
Cuttings los ntawm kev noj qab haus huv uterine nroj tsuag yog txiav ntawm ib lub kaum thiaj li muaj 4-6 nplooj ntawm cog cov khoom, thiab txiav nws tus kheej tsis ntau tshaj 10 cm nyob rau hauv ntev tsuas yog ob lub nplooj lwg sab laug rau nws thiab tam sim ntawd cog rau hauv av rau plaub ntawm ceg ntev. Thaum cog rau hauv ib lub thawv, nco ntsoov tias qhov deb ntawm cuttings tsis yog tsawg tshaj li 1.5 cm Seedlings yuav tsum tau them nrog iav los yog transparent zaj duab xis, muab ib tug kub tsis qis dua 21 ° C thiab ntau ntawm lub teeb.
Lub keeb kwm ntawm cuttings tshwm nyob rau 5-10 hnub. Tom qab ntawd lawv yuav tsum tau saib xyuas nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev raws li rau seedlings tau los ntawm cov noob. Thaum lub hauv paus system yog txaus muaj zog, lawv dhia mus rau nyias tso tsheb hlau luam. Qhov zoo ntawm no seedling yog tias nws muab flowering tsis pub dhau 20-35 hnub tom qab cog.
Petunia - kuj undemanding nroj. Yog hais tias koj muab nws nrog ib tug mob siab heev thiab ntau lub teeb thiab saib xyuas cov av noo noo, koj muaj peev xwm xyuas kom nws ntev flowering. Rau lub pomp ntawm Bush Bush lub sij hawm txaus tuav lub nip thiab pruning. Nws muaj peev xwm multiply li cuttings thiab noob. Qhov kev xaiv kawg yog qhov feem ntau muaj txiaj ntsim, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj yuav cov noob hauv cov khw muag khoom tshwj xeeb. Ntawm cov loj loj tus naj npawb ntawm ntau yam thiab hybrids, koj yuav muaj tseeb pom ib tug uas haum zoo kawg nkaus rau hauv koj lub vaj.
